Logistics Resources Research Articles

School hearing screening: international experience and recommendations

Permanent childhood hearing loss is crucial for speech development and restricts learning abilities. Universal newborn hearing screening programs are well established to detect congenital hearing loss and address the need of hearing-impaired babies. Progressive or acquired permanent hearing loss can manifest later due to genetic causes, intrauterine or postnatal infections, middle ear diseases and excessive exposure to noise when listening the personal audio devices. The hearing loss prevalence in the population of 9 year-olds three times higher compared with newborns. School hearing screening is a part of hearing across the lifespan conception. The article presents international experience and recommendations for the organization of school hearing screening programs. A school-entry hearing test is mandatory, other grades might be screened also. The basic method is pure tone audiometry at frequencies of 500, 1 000, 2 000, 4 000 Hz at 20 dB. Otoscopy and tympanometry can be performed also, while whisper voice speech test is of low sensitivity. The main hearing screening issue is low follow-up of referrals to ascertain audiological assessment. Modern approaches to the prevention of hearing loss in schoolchildren and management of hearing impairements are described. Planning of hearing screening programs requires sufficient human and logistical resources, monitoring of results and quality improvement, all stakeholders engagement.

Integrated multi-omic analysis of fruit maturity identifies biomarkers with drastic abundance shifts spanning the harvest period in ‘Royal Gala’ apple

Accurate assessment of apple fruit maturity at harvest is required since fruit harvested too early or too late are susceptible to physiological disorders or excessive softening during subsequent storage. Biological markers of early fruit maturity allow forecasting of optimal harvest time, contributing significant industry value through more accurate management of harvest logistics. This study investigated the changes in cortex of apple (Malus x domestica ‘Royal Gala’) fruit at four harvests: very early (H1), early (H2), commercial (H3) and late (H4), using a combination of transcriptomics, metabolomics, hormone abundances and enzyme activity profiles. Harvest times were discriminated based on several sets of variates, showing that metabolism was very active within this short time period. Good discrimination between H1 and H2 and between H2 and H3 was observed in the declining abundance of a range of photosystem transcripts and the increasing abundance of early ripening markers. Degradation of the photosynthetic apparatus was correlated with ethylene production. Multi-omics analysis using mixOmics identified groups of variates whose abundance declined or increased during the harvest period, and strong correlations between components of different pathways were evident. We identify a suite of biomarkers, including Chl a/b binding protein of LHCII, Xyloglucan glycosyltransferase 5, PG1, ACO1, internal ethylene concentration and starch pattern index, for orchardists to accurately predict harvest time several weeks in advance, thus providing time to mobilise the necessary logistical resources.

Primary logistics planning of oil products under the imbalance of supply and demand

This paper intends to complete the primary logistics planning of oil products under the imbalance of supply and demand. An integrated mathematical programming model is developed to simultaneously find the balance between supply and demand, and optimize the logistics scheme. The model takes minimum logistics cost and resource adjustment cost as the objective function, and takes supply and demand capacity, transportation capacity, mass balance, and resource adjustment rules as constraints. Three adjustment rules are considered in the model, including resource adjustment within oil suppliers, within oil consumers, and between oil consumers. The model is tested on a large-scale primary logistics of a state-owned petroleum enterprise, involving 37 affiliated refineries, 31 procurement departments, 286 market depots and dedicated consumers. After the unified optimization, the supply and demand imbalance is eased by 97% and the total cost is saved by 7%, which proves the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed model.

Administrative control in Lebanon

After many laws anti-corruption were issued, and not applying, so It was necessary to highlight the importance of the role administrative control, In the fight against corruption in the public sector ,Especially the central inspection The researcher will try to highlight the administrative control privileges, as a legal position of the Central Inspector .and the Obstacles to the performance of administrative control in its role. To answer these questions, the research was divided into two sections, the first of them is allocated to explaining the nature of the privileges of administrative control, the second is to override obstacles to its work, the analytical method was followed to analyze texts related to the work of administrative control The research showed that the inspector as a public servant swears by God to respect the application of the law therefore it does not apply to him the principle of insistence and affirmation stipulated in article 14 of public servants law. And presented the positive impact of the independence of administrative control in its fight against corruption, and the importance of returning special compensation to the central inspector. This study explained that many legal texts that enhance the work of administrative control is not applied, like the inspector use all means of communication to finish his investigation with the appropriate speed, and weak cooperation between the security forces and administrative control, and not working in the records of reviews and complaints, and the inspector’s authority to stop granting leave during the inspection, Or their authority to temporarily suspend the employees under investigation from work. also presented for the lack logistics resources, and the poor inspectors training, and the vacancies in the administrative control, It’s also indicated the danger of not implementing the .recommendations of the administrative control. The study concluded with some recommendations, the most important giving executive force to the reports of administrative inspectors, and inclusion of administrative control to the judiciary, and putting a security forces at the disposal of the inspectors, and the development of administrative control in line with modern technological development.

International Logistics Management System Based on Cloud Computing Technology

In order to solve the problems of slow matching between supply and demand, information authenticity and security, and lack of trust in traditional logistics platforms, the author proposes an international logistics management system based on cloud computing technology. The system uses blockchain as the underlying technology, combined with related technologies such as smart contracts and NSGA-II algorithms, matches the supply and demand sides of cross-border logistics resources, writes the important information generated in the platform transaction into the blockchain, and carries out network-wide broadcast and consensus, so as to realize the intelligence of the transaction and the nontampering and traceability of the information. The experiment found that in the case set by this example, max Z 1 = 57.139 , and max Z 2 = 54.679 , meaning that the final matching result is as follows: P2, the cross-border logistics provider, is matched with U5, the consignor; P3 matches U9, P8 matches U4, P9 matches U3, P1 matches U6, P5 matches U1, P7 matches U2, P4 matches U7, P10 matches U8, and P8 matches U10. Satisfactory matching results show that the algorithm is effective. Experimental results show that the system can increase the transparency and sharing of cross-border logistics information, help to reduce forged data information, improve the level of automation and intelligence, and provide a reference for the application of blockchain technology in the field of cross-border logistics.

Maujan.pk: Nothing Ventured; Nothing Gained

The case helps the students explore a capacity utilization problem faced by the CEO of Maujan.pk. The financial statements from the fiscal year 2013–2014 put the CEO, Tahir, in a difficult spot. According to these reports, his main business, which was online discount coupons, has been outpaced in growth by his side business, Facebook management. Tahir had launched the Facebook management business as an afterthought; his strategic business decisions never factored it as a major consideration. Now, Tahir is forced to reflect on this matter, especially because of resource constraints. Being a small company with six employees, he has had to share resources between the two businesses. Now that his side business has grown faster than the main business, Tahir finds himself understaffed. Meanwhile, the original business is slowing down, and few avenues of growth are forthcoming due to network congestion (network effects model). Keeping this in mind, a decision must be made to choose one of the two businesses or expand and continue them both. The expansion would mean significant logistic overhead and initial resource starvation. This is perplexing for someone like Tahir, who is a real hands-on manager. Eventually, inaction would lead him to these problems, as the business would continue to grow to further compete for the same resources. Each decision has its merits and demerits in a fast-moving Pakistani digital market where copycat businesses can spring up within days, and customer loyalty is mercurial at best.

Spatial Difference of China's Regional Logistics Development and Construction of Information Network Platform Based on Artificial Intelligence Technology Under the Background of New Economy.

Regional logistics is an important part of the regional economy. It plays an important role in optimizing the allocation of regional resources, promoting the upgrading of regional industrial structure, and promoting the sustainable development of regional economy. It is known as the “accelerator” of regional economic growth. Under the background of the expanding regional economic differences in China, this article focuses on the important components of regional economy, researching on regional logistics in different regions. This article focuses on the regional logistics development level, the internal mechanism of regional logistics promoting regional economic growth, the current situation and influencing factors of regional logistics development level differences, and the regional logistics development level differences. The purpose of this article is to study the application of artificial intelligence technology to the spatial difference analysis of China’s regional logistics development and the construction of information network platform under the background of the new economy. In this article, factor analysis is used to construct the index system. The research shows that the intensity of regional logistics connection is significantly enhanced, the regional logistics network is further improved, and a relatively complete multilevel regional logistics network structure is basically formed. In addition, there are great differences in the level of logistics development among regions. The characteristics of the spatial distribution circle in the eastern, central, and western regions are obvious, which is positively related to the economic development, in the Pearl River Delta with the strongest comprehensive competitiveness. The score coefficient of the Yangtze River Delta logistics area is 1.464, and the score coefficient of the northwest logistics weakest area is −0.328. The development of regional logistics can focus on the construction of logistics park, the construction of logistics network system, the progress of regional logistics technology, and the improvement of logistics efficiency. The construction of logistics park is conducive to the integration of regional logistics resources, improves the utilization efficiency of regional logistics resources, forms the economies of scale, and then reduces the transaction cost of the whole region.

Digital twin-enabled dynamic spatial-temporal knowledge graph for production logistics resource allocation

Production logistics (PL) is increasingly receiving attention from supply chain research. The spatial disorder and temporal asynchrony of the PL resources due to the uncertainty and dynamicity pose great challenges to efficient resource allocation. The inability to obtain and rational use of PL resource spatial–temporal values causes unnecessary long travelling distances and excessive waiting time, which impede the sustainable performance of PL operations. In response, this research proposes a PL resource allocation approach based on the dynamic spatial–temporal knowledge graph (DSTKG). Internet of Things(IoT) signals data generated from large-scale deployed IoT devices are investigated and analysed to spatial–temporal values through deep neural networks. The DSTKG model is established for representing the digital twin replica with spatial–temporal consistency, followed by reasoning and completion of relationships based on PL task information. The PL resources are allocated efficiently through the graph algorithm from the directed and weighted graph. The case study is conducted to verify the feasibility and practicality of the proposed solution based on large-scale deployment. Finally, the result demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.

Design and Simulation of Logistics Network Model Based on Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm.

With the continuous development of e-commerce, logistics and express services have penetrated into every aspect of people's life. Research on the optimization of logistics network model is helpful to reduce the waste of routes, improve the utilization rate of transportation tools and hubs, and thus reduce the organizational cost of logistics. In this paper, the basic model of hub-and-spoke network (HSN) is constructed based on the principle of minimizing the connection distance and total cost between hubs. By discretizing the particles in the continuous motion space, the discrete particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is designed and the Exchange () exchange function is used to improve its search strategy to update the individual optimal value and the global optimal value. Finally, the improved double-layer discrete PSO algorithm is obtained to solve the logistics network model. The results show that the optimized PSO algorithm has faster convergence speed and higher precision, and the application of the logistics network model is helpful to integrate logistics resources, reduce logistics costs, and improve logistics efficiency.

ТЕОРЕТИЧНЕ ОБҐРУНТУВАННЯ ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ДИВЕРСИФІКАЦІЇ ВИРОБНИЦТВА АГРАРНОГО ПІДПРИЄМСТВА

Diversification of activities in a market economy allows agricultural enterprises to quickly restructure depending on economic conditions to reduce risks, flexibly respond to changing demand structure, maintain and most efficiently use human, logistical and financial resources. In general, this process is the inclusion in the economic structure of the enterprise of new activities with significantly different qualitative and quantitative characteristics. The chaotic diversification of domestic enterprises is not only due to their low market activity, lack of public policy, but also the lack of specialists who can make the process conscious and useful for businesses. For agricultural enterprises, the problem of effective diversification remains very important, as such a transformation allows to solve the problem of reducing costs, eliminating dependence on suppliers and subcontractors, the formation of working capital, maximum use of capacity in general. The main reasons for diversification are to increase the economic efficiency of the enterprise at the moment and in the long run, as well as economic stability and financial stability, growth, profits, competitiveness with full use of resources. The nature of the activities of diversified enterprises and associations, their similarities and differences are mainly due to two factors. The action of one is related to the technical and technological features of the products and its volumes, the other - depends on the nature of demand for products (services) (mass, serial, single). These parameters determine the conditions and incentives for entrepreneurial activity, and, consequently, the scale and direction of diversification.
 The effectiveness of diversification in the social aspect is manifested in the increase in the number of new jobs due to the expansion of the organization, the release of new products of improved quality that fully meets the needs of both target audience and newly attracted consumers.

Agricultural Cold Chain Logistics Mode Based on Multi-Mode Blockchain Data Model.

Aiming at the problem of massive data storage and transaction authority in the blockchain system in the data sharing transaction scenario, this paper proposes a blockchain system for the controllable sharing transaction of massive data. By designing the blockchain system model of the consortium chain and private chain, reconstructing the data structure of the block, and introducing the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) technology, we adopt the off-chain storage method to solve the problem of high cost caused by too much data carried by the block. The isolation control of data resource transactions is realized by introducing identity authentication and channel mechanism, which meets the needs of different subjects for confidentiality of transaction data information. From the analysis results of cold chain logistics efficiency, in the five years from 2017 to 2021, the comprehensive cold chain logistics efficiency, pure technology cold chain logistics efficiency, and scale cold chain logistics efficiency of agricultural product cold chain logistics in a certain region have all reached above 0.9. The return to scale remains unchanged, and the cold chain logistics resources have been effectively allocated and reasonably utilized. The value of comprehensive cold chain logistics efficiency, pure technology cold chain logistics efficiency, and scale cold chain logistics efficiency in a certain month is less than 1, which means that the cold chain logistics efficiency is weak or ineffective. This shows that in these years, the infrastructure investment, cold chain technical support, and management level related to the cold chain logistics of agricultural products in a certain region need to be strengthened, and it is necessary to adjust the input-output structure and allocate resources reasonably. From 2018 to 2021, the total factor productivity of agricultural product cold chain logistics in a certain region is greater than 0.85, indicating that the level of total factor productivity is relatively high during this time period, and the increase in the efficiency of technical cold chain logistics is the main reason for the increase in total factor productivity.

Intelligent Transportation System Applications and Logistics Resources for Logistics Customer Service in Road Freight Transport Enterprises

Road freight transport involves many adversities, along with the growing effect of carbon dioxide transmitted by vehicles on the natural environment, greenhouse gas emissions, or extensive energy use. Within the smart mobility concept, the acknowledged management of enterprises’ relationships with customers within their service is profoundly determined by the deployment of compelling Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSs) applications in forming united cooperation with the customers. The paper proposes selected ITS applications as an advancement of logistics customer service in road freight transport enterprises that is divided into a group of six applications which are critical within the area of vehicle support, improving the energy efficiency of transport and reducing the negative impact of transport on the natural environment, reducing transport time but increasing connectivity and comfort, as well as a group of ten different applications chosen as crucial for general management support and increasing accessibility, cohesiveness, and control in management processes in road freight transport enterprises. The study also presents the effect of ITS applications on logistics customer service as dependent on an alignment between the group of ITS applications and logistics resources of road freight transport enterprises. The model proposed in the paper was analyzed based on the survey data obtained from 164 road freight transport enterprises in Poland.

P956: EMMY COHORT: MANAGEMENT OF NEWLY DIAGNOSED OR RELAPSED/ REFRACTORY MULTIPLE MYELOMA IN PATIENTS AGED OF 80 YEARS AND OVER

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) patients aged 80 years and older are a population more prone to comorbidities, frailty, cognitive impairment or physical decline and require appropriate management of their myeloma. They are often underrepresented in pivotal clinical trials, with little data available on their management. The EMMY study is a large-scale epidemiological study to assess the epidemiology and real-life management of MM and can focus on the use and real-life efficacy of treatments for newly diagnosed or relapsed/ refractory elderly MM patients. Aims: To describe the management of MM in newly diagnosed or relapsed patients aged 80 years and over and to assess the real-life effectiveness of the treatments received. Methods: EMMY is a descriptive, multicenter, national, non-interventional study conducted in 72 IFM (Intergroupe Francophone du Myélome, sponsor) centers in France. Any patient initiating treatment for MM over a 3-month observation period, from October to December, is included, since 2017. It is a dynamic cohort with the inclusion of approximately 900 patients each year: 2765 patients included at the end of 2019 of which 561 were aged 80 and over (20.3%). Data are updated annually from hospital records up to 2020 at the time of the analysis. Four cohorts of patients aged 80 years and older were analysed according to the line of treatment initiated during their follow-up: L1, L2, L3 or L4+. Median time to next treatment (mTNT), median progression-free survival (mPFS) and median overall survival (mOS) were assessed in months(m). Results: Patients ≥80 years initiated 19.8% of L1s (237/1199) 22.7% (232/1022) of L2s, 22.2% (167/751) of L3s and 18.7% (288/1540) of L4+. They are 7.5% patients ≥85 years old to initiate L1, 8.7% L2, 7.4% L3 and 5.1% L4+. When the line is started, an ECOG ≥2 is reported for 39.4% of L1, 27.7% of L2, 35.1% of L3 and 38.5% of L4 patients and comorbidities recorded in 45.1% of L1, 39.6% of L2, 35.4% of L3 and 38.6% of L4+. In L1, the ISS is level I, II, III for 20.2%, 27.4% and 52.4% of patients. In L1, over the 2017-2020 study period, patients received treatment with PI (58.6%), IMID (32.1%), PI/IMID (4.2%), anti-CD38 (1.3%) or other molecules (3.8%). In L2, they received PI (22.8%), IMID (48.7%), PI/IMID (11.7%), anti-CD38 (14.2%) or other (2.6%), in L3 PI (12.6%), IMID (38, 9%), PI/IMID (9.6%), anti-CD38 (29.3%) or other (9.6%) and in L4+ a PI (23.3%), IMID (20.1%), PI/IMID (5.6%), anti-CD38 (29.2%) or other (21.9%). More than half received a double combination in L1 (50.2%), L2 (59.9%), L3 (54.4%) and L4+ (53.8%). Regarding efficacy, mTNT is 20.3m [15.2; 24.6] in L1, 14.7m [12.3; 20.4] in L2, 10.8m [9; 13.5] in L3 and 8.2m [6.5; 11.2] in L4+. The mPFS is 19.3m [15.1; 23.2] in L1, 12.6m [10.1; 17.5] in L2, 8.9m [10.1; 17.5] in L3 and 5.9m [4.5;7.4] in L4+. The mOS is not reached in L1 (rate at 30m: 76.7% [70; 83.3]) and L2 (rate at 30m: 58.1% [48.1; 68]; it is 25.7m [17.1; NE] in L3 and 18.3m [13.4; 22.4] in L4+. Summary/Conclusion: Patients ≥80 years of age account for more than 20% of de novo and relapsed myeloma patients treated in EMMY. Double combinations are used in half of the situations. Over the study period, PI-based treatments were preferred in L1, IMID-based in L2 and antiCD38 for 30% of patients in L3 and L4+. The benefits in terms of survival are real and this specific population is likely to increase significantly in the near future, requiring human and logistical resources.

ADVANTAGES OF CHOOSING THE RECONSTRUCTION OF INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS INTO HOUSING IN CONDITIONS OF RECONSTRUCTION OF CITIES AFTER THE WAR

Purpose. Analysis of the main advantages of choosing the latest methods of renovation and reconstruction of industrial buildings into residential ones in the reconstruction of Ukrainian cities after the war based on existing domestic and foreign experience. Methodology. In Ukraine, in the current context of limited financial and logistical resources, the renovation and reconstruction of existing industrial buildings in destroyed cities and resettlement cities due to Russian aggression is an appropriate solution in terms of reducing the cost of new construction and reconstruction of industrial buildings. Along with the spread of modern methods of renovation and reconstruction of well-known Ukrainian and foreign companies in Ukraine, when planning the restoration of housing stock after the war, attention should be paid to the method of reconstruction of industrial buildings in loft-style housing. Identification of specific features of loft formation as new elements of reconstruction of industrial buildings into residential ones. Results. Analysis of domestic and foreign experience in renovation and reconstruction of industrial areas. It is revealed that depending on the tasks, different functional adaptation and direction of one or another industrial building or complex in residential, as well as their subsequent adaptation to the existing city system is possible. During the reconstruction of urban industrial areas, it is appropriate to use the loft style for reconstruction as economic, the feasibility of which is confirmed by world experience. Originality. Analysis of domestic and foreign experience in the renovation and reconstruction of industrial buildings for residential. Different approaches to the process of renovation of industrial territories are revealed and the principles of transformation of the existing industrial function into a public space are substantiated. Practical value. Technical, technological and organizational solutions allow the use of industrial buildings with their technological properties, which ensure the reliability of the operation of residential buildings. Analysis of the real state of industrial zones.

Hybrid mathematical and simulation model for designing a hierarchical network of temporary medical centers in a disaster

ABSTRACT The destructions caused by natural disasters have made human societies well aware of the importance of logistical preparedness and precise human resource planning both in the pre- and post-disaster phases. Temporary Medical Centers (TMCs) are one of the most important problems for disaster response. TMCs are established in safe places to treat the injured in times of crisis. In this paper, the optimal locations for the establishment of TMCs are determined using a mixed-integer mathematical programming model. Furthermore, an optimal hierarchical structure is developed for assigning the injured from urban areas to the TMCs, clinics, and hospitals in the event of a disaster. A simulation-based optimisation model is employed to simulate the conditions at the moment the disaster occurs and the ensuing response operations. The findings indicate that the proposed hierarchical location-allocation model reduces the congestion of the injured and minimises total costs and patients’ treatment time.The destructions caused by natural disasters have made human societies well aware of the importance of logistical preparedness and precise human resource planning both in the pre- and post-disaster phases. Temporary Medical Centers (TMCs) are one of the most important problems for disaster response. TMCs are established in safe places to treat the injured in times of crisis. In this paper, the optimal locations for the establishment of TMCs are determined using a mixed-integer mathematical programming model. Furthermore, an optimal hierarchical structure is developed for assigning the injured from urban areas to the TMCs, clinics, and hospitals in the event of a disaster. A simulation-based optimisation model is employed to simulate the conditions at the moment the disaster occurs and the ensuing response operations. The findings indicate that the proposed hierarchical location-allocation model reduces the congestion of the injured and minimises total costs and patients’ treatment time.

Psychosocial skills of ICU healthcare staff providing care to patients with COVID-19

IntroductionThe COVID-19 crisis has imposed deep improvements in ICU responsiveness face to unprecedented and uncertain situations. In addition to strengthening logistics resources, this responsiveness required the development of psychosocial skills of healthcare providers, especially in ICU.ObjectivesTo assess extrinsic factors interfering with psychosocial skills of the staff working in COVID-19 ICU and to analyze the different dimensions of these skills.MethodsThis is an observational descriptive study conducted at the COVID-19 ICU of an Academic Hospital, during a one-month period. All healthcare providers were enrolled. Data collection was based on a self-administered questionnaire including: socio-demographic factors; the general perception of work in covid-19 ICU and psychosocial skills. Six dimensions were explored separately, then by a standardized scale ranging from 0 to 100.Three levels of satisfaction were considered.ResultsFifty-five healthcare providers were enrolled. The average age was 32 years. The sex ratio was 0.25. Mean scales of satisfaction were 53.6 for professional status and occupational security; 62.4 for working conditions and 69.8 for relational aspects. The most altered extrinsic factors were satisfaction regarding the salary and satisfaction regarding the administration policy with mean scores of 15 and 10 respectively. Satisfying psychosocial skills were creative and critical thoughts, self-awareness and empathy for others, communication and interpersonal relationships. Whereas the most impaired skills were stress management and problems solving, with mean scales of 49.6 and 68.3 respectively.ConclusionsPsychosocial skills were generally acceptable. However, they could be improved by specific actions targeting extrinsic factors.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

Variations in Police Performance in United Nations Peacekeeping Operations and Domestic Policing in Ghana

The Ghana Police Service is constantly criticised by the Ghanaian public for poor performance and an inability to deal effectively with rising crime rates. Media reports and scholarly research have corroborated these criticisms, citing instances of police brutality, corruption, negligence, ineffectiveness and complicity in crimes. However, with few exceptions, the same police are widely applauded in United Nations peacekeeping operations for their professionalism, outstanding performance, and contributions to restoring peace and the rule of law. This raises the question of why the police’s performance at home differs from its performance in peacekeeping contexts. This article analyses the factors that underpin the perceived variations in police performance at home and internationally. Based on in-depth interviews conducted with relevant stakeholders and the application of assemblage theory to the empirical evidence gathered, it argues that perceived variations in performance have nothing to do with the technical competencies and knowledge of police personnel. Rather, this discrepancy can be explained by factors including: the effects of the colonial legacy on the police; different mandates/tasks in mission and in Ghana; distinct socio-cultural and political dynamics that influence policing; different legal frameworks and principles that govern domestic and international policing; limited availability of human and logistical resources and funding for domestic policing; and different methods for dealing with indiscipline and corruption.

Collaborative Multidepot Vehicle Routing Problem with Dynamic Customer Demands and Time Windows

Dynamic customer demands impose new challenges for vehicle routing optimization with time windows, in which customer demands appear dynamically within the working periods of depots. The delivery routes should be adjusted for the new customer demands as soon as possible when new customer demands emerge. This study investigates a collaborative multidepot vehicle routing problem with dynamic customer demands and time windows (CMVRPDCDTW) by considering resource sharing and dynamic customer demands. Resource sharing of multidepot across multiple service periods can maximize logistics resource utilization and improve the operating efficiency of delivery logistics networks. A bi-objective optimization model is constructed to optimize the vehicle routes while minimizing the total operating cost and number of vehicles. A hybrid algorithm composed of the improved k-medoids clustering algorithm and improved multiobjective particle swarm optimization based on the dynamic insertion strategy (IMOPSO-DIS) algorithm is designed to find near-optimal solutions for the proposed problem. The improved k-medoids clustering algorithm assigns customers to depots in terms of specific distances to obtain the clustering units, whereas the IMOPSO-DIS algorithm optimizes vehicle routes for each clustering unit by updating the external archive. The elite learning strategy and dynamic insertion strategy are applied to maintain the diversity of the swarm and enhance the search ability in the dynamic environment. The experiment results with 26 instances show that the performance of IMOPSO-DIS is superior to the performance of multiobjective particle swarm optimization, nondominated sorting genetic algorithm-II, and multiobjective evolutionary algorithm. A case study in Chongqing City, China is implemented, and the related results are analyzed. This study provides efficient optimization strategies to solve CMVRPDCDTW. The results reveal a 32.5% reduction in total operating costs and savings of 29 delivery vehicles after optimization. It can also improve the intelligence level of the distribution logistics network, promote the sustainable development of urban logistics and transportation systems, and has meaningful implications for enterprises and government to provide theoretical and decision supports in economic and social development.

Home-based exercise programs in patients with chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and META-analysis.

Intradialysis exercise programs in renal patients result in improved functional capacity, muscle strength, symptoms of depression, and health-related quality of life. Home-based exercise programs are an alternative to overcome logistical and human resource problems. However, the implementation of these programs is not an easy task and there is a lack of knowledge regarding the benefits associated with home-based exercise programs. To determine whether home-based exercise programs improve functional capacity, health-related quality of life, muscle strength, and symptoms of depression among patients with stage III-V chronic kidney disease. A systematic review and meta-analyses following PRISMA guidelines were utilized. Relevant articles were collected and independently assessed for their inclusion eligibility. Effects of home-based exercise were summarized by the standardized mean differences and represented by forest plots (Review Manager 5.4). Eight studies were included, none of which reported any adverse effects. The intervention was usually aerobic, 76% of these programs lasted 3-6months, and exercise adherence was 60-87.5%. Four studies measured health-related quality of life and found significant improvements in several subscales. Regarding functional capacity, five studies used the six-minute walking test (44.9 meters; 95% CI [30.45, 59.30]; p ≤ .001), three studies used the sit-to-stand-to-sit test (-0.45 seconds; 95% CI [-0.46, -0.26]; p ≤ .001), and two studies used the timed up-and-go test (-0.76 seconds; 95% CI [-1.38, -0.15]; p ≤ .001) and the handgrip strength test (1.16 kg; 95% CI [-2.88, 5.20]; p ≤ .001). Home-based exercise programs are beneficial to renal patients. These interventions are safe and effective to improve health-related quality of life and functional capacity and reduce symptoms of depression among patients with chronic kidney disease.

Саратовская деревня в годы Великой Отечественной войны: мобилизационная политика государства и практика выживания

The article examines thestate of agriculture and the financialsituation of rural residents of the Saratov region during the Great Patriotic War from the point of view of the mobilization model of the Soviet economy. The specific indicators and ways of implementing the state policy in the region to maximize the mobilization of human, logistical, food and financial resources of the village in the interests of the army, the impact of this factor on the livelihoods of the population are analyzed. It isconcluded that the mobilization policy in the absence ofcompensatory measures and the deportation of Germancollective farmers led to an extreme weakening of the productive forces of thecollective farm village of the region. In the conditions of war, personal subsidiary farming became not only the main reserve for the survival of the rural population, but also turned out to be an important mobilization resource.