Locus Of Control Scale Research Articles

Meditation and Locus of Control in Relation to Altitude

The present study analyses the effect of meditation on locus of control of two groups(regular practitioners of meditation and non meditators) at two different altitudes (2535ft and 13500ft above sea level). The two groups comprised of Buddhist monks/Regular practitioners of meditation) and some locals in Yol Cantt (2535ft) and Lamayuru (13500ft). In the study it has been hypothesized that group one (Buddhist monks/Regular practitioners of meditation) at both the altitudes are inclined towards internal locus of control (internalism) whereas the second group is more inclined towards external locus of control (externalism). Total 100 individuals, 25 monks and 25 laymen from both areas were assessed by administering Rotter’s locus of control scale. Self-reported responses of the subjects were recorded, scored and subjected to ‘t’test analysis. It was established that group practicing regular meditation (monks) is more inclined towards internal locus of control. The study has suggested that the individual practicing meditation at both the altitudes have more inclination towards internal locus of control and non regular practitioner have also shown inclination towards internal locus of control at higher altitude. Subjects who are following some religious practices, creative art etc. also have more of internalism. Internalism is also more prevalent in high altitude.

Study on a Christian Chinese sample: sense of self-worth, well-being and locus of control

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to explore Chinese Christians’ sense of self-worth, well-being, locus of control and the correlations between these variables. One hundred and two Chinese Christians with a range of 18–40 years old were surveyed by the Scale of Self-worth, Chinese version of General Well-Being Scale and internal–external Locus of Control Scale. A control group of 134 Chinese non-Christians participated in the same survey. Christians scored lower on locus of control and higher on self-worth than the non-Christians. No significant general well-being difference was between the Christian and non-Christian samples. The correlations were significant between locus of control and self-worth/general well-being (negative) and between self-worth and general well-being (positive). Results suggest that Christians experience better self-worth and tend to be internals on locus of control.

The Role of Locus of Control, Meaning of Life and Marital Relationships in Predicting Quality of Life

Introduction and purpose: In the process of development, retirement is a stage of beginning for important potential changes in life and this stage effect on quality life of the retirements. So, present study with the aim of investigating prediction of quality of life through locus of control, meaning of life and marital relationships was performed on retirements of Nahanavand of Iran. Materials and methods: This is a survey study and from correlational type. The population of the present study were all the retirements of Nahavand which based on previous literature 200 of them were selected through random sampling as study sample. Tools were Rotter's Locus of Control Scale (RLCS), Meaning of Life Questionnaire (MLQ), Marital Status Inventory and WHO Quality of Life (WHOQOL-26). Data were analyzed through correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression. Findings: The results of the study showed significant relationship between dependent and independent variables including: a positive weak relation between locus of control and quality of life, a positive medium relation between search for meaning and quality of life, a positive pretty strong relation between presence of meaning and quality of life and finally a negative pretty strong relation between marital status and quality of life. In addition, the results of regression analysis showed that presence of meaning can predict quality of life positively and marital status which higher scores in it means more disruptions in marital relationship, can predicts quality of life negatively and the other independent variables were excluded because of low Beta coefficients. conclusion: Based on study results it could be said that individuals with internal control, feeling purposeful in life and more marital satisfaction can deal with retirement better than others and even they can experience a successful retirement which results in experience higher levels of quality of life.

Effect of Headache Websites on Locus of Control and Self‐efficacy of Readers

ObjectiveCould a website be developed that would be more evidence‐based and lead to readers having more positive cognitions (locus of control, self‐efficacy) with respect to managing their headaches than the current websites?MethodA new website was developed based on learning to cope with headache triggers rather than the traditional advice to avoid all triggers. An existing, commonly accessed, influential website was used for comparative purposes, which was equal in length and equivalent in readability to the new website. Sixty‐two participants (42 female, 20 male) who had suffered from frequent headaches for at least 12 months were randomly assigned to reading one website or the other, followed by completing the following measures: Headache Management Self‐Efficacy Scale, Headache‐Specific Locus of Control scale, and a survey including questions on confidence and optimism with respect to managing headaches.ResultsAnalyses indicated that readers of the “coping” website compared with the traditional website had higher self‐efficacy (p < .001) and lower chance locus of control (p < .001). The difference between the groups on internal locus of control was not significant when family‐wise error adjustments were made (p < .04). Readers of the “coping” website felt more confident in managing their headaches (p < .006), more optimistic in managing their headaches (p < .003), and more optimistic that their headaches might decrease in frequency, intensity, and duration (p < .001).ConclusionWebsites need periodic revision as the research literature unfolds, and website designers should take into account the cognitive impact of websites.

Stereotype contrast effect on neuropsychological assessment of contact-sport players: The moderating role of locus of control

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Diagnosis threat has been shown to produce detrimental effects on neuropsychological performance in individuals with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Focusing on contact-sport players who are at great risk of mTBI, our study was designed to examine the moderating role of internal locus of control. Specifically, we predicted that following diagnosis threat (reminder of their risk of sustaining mTBI and of its consequences), low-internal contact-sport players would underperform (assimilation to the stereotype), while their high-internal counterparts would outperform (contrast effect). We predicted that effort and anxiety would mediate these effects.Method: Contact-sport players and non-contact-sport players (“control” group) were randomly assigned to one condition (diagnosis threat or neutral) and then completed attention, executive, episodic memory, and working memory tasks. Regarding mediating and moderating variables, participants rated their effort and anxiety (self-report measures) and completed the Levenson (1974) locus of control scale. Regression-based path analyses were carried out to examine the direct and indirect effects.Results: As expected, there was no effect of condition on the control group’s performance. Contact-sport players with moderate and high levels of internal control outperformed (contrast effect) on executive and episodic memory tasks following diagnosis threat compared to the neutral condition. Additionally, the less anxiety moderate- and high-internal contact-sport participants felt, the better they performed on episodic memory and executive tasks. However, contact-sport players low in internal control did not underperform (assimilation effect) under diagnosis threat.Conclusions: Our results suggest that diagnosis threat instructions may have challenged moderate- and high-internal contact-sport participants, leading them to outperform compared to the neutral condition. Individuals who have moderate and high levels of internal locus of control may have higher performance under diagnosis threat compared to the neutral condition because of their feeling of control over their cognitive performance.

Validity and Reliability of the Problem Solving Inventory (PSI) in a Nationwide Sample of Greek Educators

The Problem Solving Inventory (PSI) is designed to measure adults’ perceptions of problem-solving ability. The presented study aimed to translate it and assess its reliability and validity in a nationwide sample of 3668 Greek educators. In order to evaluate internal consistency reliability, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used. The scale’s construct validity was examined by a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and by investigating its correlation with the Internality, Powerful others and Chance Multidimensional Locus of Control Scale (IPC LOC Scale), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and demographic information. Internal consistency reliability was satisfactory with Cronbach’s alphas ranging from 0.79 to 0.91 for all PSI scales. CFA confirmed that the bi-level model fitted the data well. The root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), the comparative fit index (CFI) and the goodness of fit index (GFI) values were 0.030, 0.97 and 0.96, respectively, further confirming the bi-level model and the three-factors construct of the PSI. Intercorrelations and correlation coefficients between the PSI, the IPC LOC Scale and the RSES were significant. Age, sex, and working experience differences were found. In conclusion, the Greek version of the PSI was found to have satisfactory psychometric properties and therefore, it can be used to evaluate Greek teachers’ perceptions of their problem-solving skills.

The Role of Locus of Control in Pro Environmental Attitude and Behavior of Youth

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; The purpose of the present study was to find out the role of locus of control in pro environmental attitude and behavior of youth. Sample of the study consisted of six hundred and ninety-two (N= 692) male and female adolescents, with age range 18-25 years and educational background of Intermediate, BS and Masters, from Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. A self-constructed environmental attitude questionnaire, and a locus of control scale, was administered to the subjects selected through convenient sampling method. According to results moderate locus of control was found to be significant predictor of environment friendly attitude in youth. This research will help to focus on the ways to create awareness in youth by arranging workshops and recognizing people with moderate locus of control can help in a better way to promote environmental friendly attitude and behavior. Limitations of the study as well as implications for future research and practice were also discussed.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Nursing Student&amp;apos;s Experience on Locus of Control and Its Relation with Learning Performance and Academic Support: A Comparative Study

Nowadays researchers are paying more attention to factors that may lead to the promotion or inhibition of the academic performance and socializing the education through fostering the academic support. Cognitive abilities are no longer sufficient to determine academic success or failure, it is important to investigate the psychological skills as locus of control. The study aimed to investigate nursing student's experience on locus of control and its relation with learning performance and academic support. Cross section analytical study design was used to fulfill this study. This study was conducted at two settings: Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University and Faculty of Nursing, Suez Canal University. The study sample includes 222 students from Mansoura University and 186 students from Suez Canal University. Data of the present study were collected by using three tools namely: Internal-External Locus of Control Scale, Learning Performance Scale and perceived academic support scale. Results of the present study indicated that more than half of students had internal locus of control rather than external locus of control, 55.9% of students had internal locus of control in Suez Canal University and 59.5% in Mansoura University, high learning performance and high perceived academic support of the participated students. There was no significant correlation between locus of control (internal or external) and learning performance or perceived academic support. more than half of students had internal locus of control rather than external locus of control and there was no significant correlation between locus of control (internal or external) and learning performance or perceived academic support. According to study findings academic administrators should pay attention to help students to improve and understand how their self perceptions may affect their academic performance.

Consciousness, Religiosity and Locus of Control as Predictors of Well-Being among Young Adolescents

The main aim of present study was to examine the relationships between well-being, Religiosity, A study was made on convenient sample of 50 young adolescents (females) age range of 18 to 22 years and used 4 tools (i) Well-being scale (Edinburgh, 2006) (ii) Religiosity scale (Bhusan,1970) (iii) Consciousness scale (Brazdau,2009) (iv)Locus of control scale (Rotter,1966). Co relational design was used. Results indicate that Well-being and Religious scores are positively correlated (r=0.31, p&lt;0.05). There is also high positive co relational between well-being and consciousness scores (r=0.42, p&lt;0.01). Thus increases in consciousness and religious scores led to increase in well=being scores among young adolescents. Multiple regression analysis was also used (R=0.46) and it showed that Consciousness has highest contribution in determination of criterion variable i.e. well-being, the regression coefficient being 0.15. Religiosity has less contribution and locus of control has negligible contribution, the regression coefficient being 0.05 and 0.003 respectively.

Predictor effect of Locus Of Control (LOC) on self-care activities and metabolic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

BackgroundPrevious studies have examined the role of individuals’ personal characteristics in diabetes management and used the locus of control theory to assess adherence to a diabetes management regimen. These studies have emphasized that having internal locus of control may be a protective factor in diabetes management.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to determine the predictor effect of locus of control on self-care activities and A1c level.MethodThe study is descriptive and relational. Researchers used a Diabetes Self-Care Activities Scale and a Locus of Control Scale to collect data. The study sample consisted of 129 individuals with type 2 diabetes.ResultsThe average score of locus of control of individuals with diabetes was 10.26, and the frequency of self-care activities in the past week was 2.9 days. A weak but statistically significant negative relation was found between the locus of control level and self-care activities of individuals with diabetes, which had no effect on A1c. It was determined that locus of control predicts 19% of self-care activities.ConclusionAccording to the study results, having internal locus of control had positive effects on self-care activities. Training and planning activities to improve internal locus of control can improve diabetes management.

Psychological Predictors of Seeking Help from Mental Health Practitioners among a Large Sample of Polish Young Adults.

Although the corresponding literature contains a substantial number of studies on the relationship between psychological factors and attitude towards seeking professional psychological help, the role of some determinants remains unexplored, especially among Polish young adults. The present study investigated diversity among a large cohort of Polish university students related to attitudes towards help-seeking and the regulative roles of gender, level of university education, health locus of control and sense of coherence. The total sample comprised 1706 participants who completed the following measures: Attitude Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale-SF, Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale, and Orientation to Life Questionnaire (SOC-29). They were recruited from various university faculties and courses by means of random selection. The findings revealed that, among socio-demographic variables, female gender moderately and graduate of university study strongly predict attitude towards seeking help. Internal locus of control and all domains of sense of coherence are significantly correlated with the scores related to the help-seeking attitude. Attitudes toward psychological help-seeking are significantly related to female gender, graduate university education, internal health locus of control and sense of coherence. Further research must be performed in Poland in order to validate these results in different age and social groups.

Health locus of control as manifested in individuals attending a state-run medical dispensary in northern India

ABSTRACTObjective: To investigate the health locus of control (HLOC) beliefs of patients and visitors at a free, state-run medical clinic in Faridabad, India, in order to establish a norm for this population and to explore potential associations between the different categories of causal health beliefs.Design: Participants (110 men, 96 women) were interviewed in Hindi and asked a shortened version of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale assessing both internal HLOC and three aspects of external HLOC (chance, powerful others, and God). Additional variables of interest included a Traditional Values Scale, a measure of spirituality, an assessment of health status, and demographic information including gender, age, employment status, and religion.Results: Participants rated the external-God factor as a stronger determinant of their health than the internal or other external HLOC factors. Internal HLOC was positively correlated with external HLOC in terms of chance and the role of powerful others and these associations were strongest for the most interdependent participants (i.e. women and the unemployed).Conclusions: For patients and visitors at the Faridabad clinic, religion played a significant role in their causal health beliefs. In addition, internal HLOC was positively associated with aspects of external locus of control, suggesting that causal health beliefs were viewed in a holistic, integrated fashion. Interventions based on these findings are suggested.

A Study on Locus of Control and Mental Health of Students

The aim of the present study is to assess the influence of locus of control on mental health of students selected from Kalaburagi (Gulbarga) district, Karnataka state. The sample consists of 180 students. The sample was administered with locus of control scale ( Anand kumar and srivastav 1985) and mental health inventory (Jagadish and Srivastva 1988). And the data were subjected to the statistical analysis. The results revealed that locus of control produces significant differences in mental health of students and there is a significant difference in mental health between the male and female sample.

Locus of control, anxiety, and depression in infertile patients

This study aimed to examine the relationship of locus of control (LoC) with anxiety and depression disorders, applying multivariate statistical techniques to control for the effects of demographic/fertility variables. This cross-sectional study included 312 infertile patients in a referral fertility center in Tehran, Iran via convenience sampling. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Levenson’s Locus of Control Scale were administered to all participants. Hierarchical multiple linear regressions were used to identify factors associated with anxiety and depression. After controlling for demographic/fertility variables, hierarchical regression analyses showed that internal LoC was negatively associated with anxiety (β = –.213, p < .001) and depression (β = –.269, p < .001). Powerful others subscale was positively associated with anxiety (β = .176, p < .001), but there was no significant relationship between this subscale and depression (β = .047, p = .467). The findings of this study merit the understanding of the role of demographic/fertility characteristics and LoC orientations in anxiety and depression of infertile patients to identify beforehand those patients who might be at risk of experiencing high anxiety and depression and in need of support.

Factor structure, reliability, and validity of the Levenson's Locus of Control Scale in Iranian infertile people.

This study examined psychometric properties of the Levenson's Locus of Control Scale among Iranian infertile patients. In all, 312 infertile patients completed the Levenson's Locus of Control Scale and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the original three-factor model of Levenson's Locus of Control Scale was adequate ( χ2/ df = 2.139; goodness-of-fit index = 0.88; root mean square error of approximation = 0.061; and standardized root mean square residual = 0.076). The Cronbach's alpha of the subscales ranged from 0.56 to 0.67. The Levenson's Locus of Control Scale subscales significantly correlated with anxiety and depression, showing an acceptable convergent validity. In conclusion, the Levenson's Locus of Control Scale has adequate reliability and validity and can be used to measure locus of control orientation in Iranian infertile patients.

Kişilik Özelliklerinin Bir Girişimcilik Boyutu Olan Denetim Odağı Üzerindeki Etkisi

The purpose of present research is to investigate the impact of personality traits on the locus of control of undergraduates. The research was conducted on 581 undergraduates in Kyrgyzstan-Turkey Manas University. For data collection Sahin and colleagues' (1993) sociotropy-autonomy scale, and Spectors' (1988) locus of control scale were used. The research hypotheses were tested using Pearson Correlation, Simple Linear Regression, and Multiple Regression Analysis. As a result, it was found that autonomous personality trait was a predictor of internal locus of control. In addition, personal success had a positive impact on internal locus of control which is subdimension of locus of control. It was determined that sociotropic personality trait was a predictor of external locus of control. Eventually it was observed that the subdimensions of sociotropic personal trait, disapproval and seperation anxiety had an impact on external locus of control.

Attitudes towards epilepsy among a sample of Turkish patients with epilepsy.

The attitude of patients with epilepsy towards their disease is an important factor in disease management and quality of life. The aim of this study was to define the attitudes of patients with epilepsy towards their disease and the factors that affect their attitudes. This descriptive study was performed on patients admitted to an epilepsy outpatient clinic of a university hospital between May and September 2015. The sample consisted of 70 patients over 18years of age with a diagnosis of epilepsy and no health problem other than epilepsy. Patients with no seizure in the last two years were excluded. The Epilepsy Attitude Scale was used to evaluate attitudes of the patients towards epilepsy; the Epilepsy Knowledge Scale, Rotter's Locus of Control Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the Quality of Life in Epilepsy-10 (QOLIE-10) were used to investigate the attitude-related factors. Among the 70 participants, 43 were female, and the mean age was 31.4years. The educational level of the patients was lower (primary school) in 38.6% of the sample, and 18.6% were unemployed. Time since diagnosis was 15.1years, 75.7% of the participants had generalized type of seizures, and more than half had seizures more frequently than once a month. The mean score of the attitude scale was 59.7±6.62 (range: 14-70). The attitudes of the patients towards epilepsy were found to be related to their educational status, living alone, and the attitudes of their families. The attitude scores were also related to the level of knowledge on epilepsy, stigma, and depression. Furthermore, the attitude was found to be correlated with quality of life. Patients with epilepsy had moderate-to-good attitude towards their disease. It was observed that the attitude was related to the knowledge, stigma, and depression rather than to demographic factors and the seizures, and furthermore, the attitude was found to be correlated with quality of life.

Study of Locus of Control in Female and Male MSc Students

The locus of control reflects whether individuals attribute their success and failure to their own behaviors (internal locus of control) or other people or luck (external locus of control). This study attempted to study locus of control among university students. The population included a total of 6,110 incoming master’s students at 10 major universities across Tehran. The sample consisted of 360 subjects selected randomly from 5 universities. The data were collected through Rotter’s Locus of Control Scale (RLCS). The data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistical measures (Pearson correlation, T-test). Individuals with external locus of control tend to be less certain about their ability to influence the future events. One of the important outcomes associated with internal and external locus of control is self-esteem. Any success attributed to external factors such as luck or help from others can create a sense of pride and confidence. The obtained results showed that locus of control was more internalized in male students than in female students. The results further revealed that male students attributed their successes to themselves and considered external factors to be responsible for their failure. However, the results indicated that the opposite was true about the female students since they would assume responsibility for the negative consequences of their actions. According to our results, male students had confidence in their abilities, whereas female students, due to their inbred lack of self-confidence, would constantly wait for confirmation of their actions from their environment.

Self-Efficacy and Locus of Control in Indian Youth

The purpose of the current study was (i) to find out the role self-efficacy and locus of control of the high and low performing job aspirants (ii) to study the Gender differences of the job aspirants. A random sample of 465 job aspirants males (n=264) and females (n=201) was selected from participants appeared in the Service Selection Board of Mysore. Participants belong to various part of India and their age ranges were between 20 to 27 years with Mean of 21.85 years and SD 1.15 years. Self-efficacy was measured using the General Self-efficacy Scale by Jerusalem &amp; Schwarzer, 1995) and the Locus of Control Scale by Rotter, J.B (1966). The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, S.D) and ANOVA. The results indicated that there were no significant differences in their self-efficacy of performing and non-performing groups. Further no significant gender differences were found in Self-efficacy. In addition both men and women were differed in their Locus of control and females were found to be external locus of control. The study brought out that high self-efficacy with internal locus of control influence the participants perform well in their field to attain success.

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Following Stillbirth: Trauma Characteristics, Locus of Control, Posttraumatic Cognitions.

This study examined the incidence of PTSD and psychiatric co-morbidity among women who experienced stillbirth and investigated the relationship between locus of control, trauma characteristics of stillbirth, posttraumatic cognitions, PTSD and co-morbid psychiatric symptoms following stillbirth. Fifty women recorded information on stillbirth experiences, and completed the Posttraumatic Stress Diagnostic Scale, General Health Questionnaire-28, Edinburgh Post-natal Depression Scale, Rotter's Locus of Control Scale and the Posttraumatic Cognitions Inventory. 60, 28 and 12% met the diagnostic criteria for probable full-PTSD, partial and no-PTSD respectively. Sixty-two percent and 54% scored at or above the cutoff of the General Health Questionnaire-28 and postnatal depression respectively. Women who experienced stillbirth reported significantly more psychiatric co-morbid and post-natal depressive symptoms than the comparison group. Both groups were similar in locus of control. Women who experienced stillbirth reported negative cognitions about the self the most. After adjusting for postnatal depression, trauma characteristics were significantly correlated with Posttraumatic cognitions which, in turn, were significantly correlated with PTSD and psychiatric co-morbidity. Locus of control was not significantly correlated with psychological outcomes. Mediational analyses showed that negative cognitions about self mediated the relationship between trauma characteristics and psychiatric co-morbidity only. Women reported a high incidence of probable PTSD and co-morbid psychiatric symptoms following stillbirth. Stillbirth trauma characteristics influenced how they negatively perceived themselves. This then specifically influenced general psychological problems rather than PTSD symptoms.