As an important factor in the development of spring gongs in Pingxiang, Jiangxi Province, local cultural factors play an increasingly important role in the symbiosis theory environment. In order to deeply study the influence of local cultural factors on the development of Pingxiang spring gongs, the article divides the local cultural factors into geographic environment, historical background, folk tradition and so on. Based on the perspective of symbiosis theory, the influence of local cultural factors on the development of Pingxiang spring gongs in Jiangxi Province is analyzed theoretically, and local cultural symbiosis is added as a mediating variable, a theoretical model is constructed according to the assumptions, and the following conclusions are drawn from the qualitative and quantitative research by taking Pingxiang spring gongs in Jiangxi Province as the object of the study and applying questionnaire survey method, fieldwork method, in-depth interview method, etc.: the local language, folklore and customs, and local cultural identity have a significant impact on the development level of Pingxiang spring gongs, and this impact is realized through local cultural heritage and development as a mediating variable. In the course of the research, we will pay attention to the key variables of local cultural identity, artistic performance, symbiotic relationship and sustainable development, aiming to provide useful references for the inheritance and development of Pingxiang spring gongs.