Birth Location Research Articles

Inflated Eccentric Migration of Evolving Gas Giants II – Numerical Methodology and Basic Concepts

Hot and warm Jupiters (HJs&WJs) are gas-giant planets orbiting their host stars at short orbital periods, posing a challenge to their efficient in situ formation. Therefore, most HJs&WJs are thought to have migrated from an initially farther-out birth location. Current migration models, i.e., disk migration (gas-dissipation driven) and eccentric migration (tidal evolution driven), fail to produce the occurrence rate and orbital properties of HJs&WJs. Here we study the role of thermal evolution and its coupling to tidal evolution. We use AMUSE, a numerical environment, and MESA, planetary evolution modeling, to model in detail the coupled internal and orbital evolution of gas giants during their eccentric migration. In a companion paper, we use a simple semianalytic model, validated by our numerical model, and run a population-synthesis study. We consider the initially inflated radii of gas giants (expected following their formation), as well study the effects of the potentially slowed contraction and even reinflation of gas giants (due to tidal and radiative heating) on the eccentric migration. Tidal forces that drive eccentric migration are highly sensitive to the planetary structure and radius. Consequently, we find that this form of inflated eccentric migration operates on significantly (up to an order of magnitude) shorter timescales than previously studied eccentric-migration models. Therefore, inflated eccentric migration gives rise to the more rapid formation of HJs&WJs, higher occurrence rates of WJs, and higher rates of tidal disruptions, compared with previous eccentric-migration models that consider constant ∼Jupiter radii for HJ and WJ progenitors. Coupled thermal–dynamical evolution of eccentric gas giants can therefore play a key role in their evolution.

Inflated Eccentric Migration of Evolving Gas Giants I – Accelerated Formation and Destruction of Hot and Warm Jupiters

Hot and warm Jupiters (HJs and WJs, correspondingly) are gas giants orbiting their host stars at very short orbital periods (P HJ < 10 days; 10 < P WJ < 200 days). HJs and a significant fraction of WJs are thought to have migrated from initially farther-out birth locations. While such migration processes have been extensively studied, the thermal evolution of gas giants and its coupling with migration processes are usually overlooked. In particular, gas giants end their core accretion phase with large radii, then contract slowly to their final radii. Moreover, intensive heating can slow the contraction at various evolutionary stages. The initial large inflated radii lead to faster tidal migration, due to the strong dependence of tides on the radius. Here, we explore this accelerated migration channel, which we term inflated eccentric migration, using a semi-analytical, self-consistent model of the thermal–dynamical evolution of the migrating gas giants, later validated by our numerical model (see the companion paper, paper II). We demonstrate our model for specific examples and carry out a population synthesis study. Our results provide a general picture of the properties of the formed HJs and WJs via inflated migration, and their dependence on the initial parameters/distributions. We show that the tidal migration of gas giants could occur much more rapidly then previously thought, and could lead to the accelerated destruction and formation of HJs and an enhanced formation rate for WJs. Accounting for the coupled thermal–dynamical evolution is therefore critical to understanding the formation of HJs/WJs, and the evolution and final properties of the population, and it plays a key role in their migration processes.

Factors influencing birth setting decision making in the United States: An integrative review.

The United States has the highest perinatal morbidity and mortality (M&M) rates among all high-resource countries in the world. Birth settings (birth center, home, or hospital) influence clinical outcomes, experience of care, and health care costs. Increasing use of low-intervention birth settings can reduce perinatal M&M. This integrative review evaluated factors influencing birth setting decision making among women and birthing people in the United States. A search strategy was implemented within the CINAHL, PubMed, PsycInfo, and Web of Science databases. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guided the review, and the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice model was used to evaluate methodological quality and appraisal of the evidence. The Whittemore and Knafl integrative review framework informed the extraction and analysis of the data and generation of findings. We identified 23 articles that met inclusion criteria. Four analytical themes were generated that described factors that influence birth setting decision making in the United States: "Birth Setting Safety vs. Risk," "Influence of Media, Family, and Friends on Birth Setting Awareness," "Presence or Absence of Choice and Control," and "Access to Options." Supporting women and birthing people to make informed decisions by providing information about birth setting options and variations in models of care by birth setting is a critical patient-centered strategy to ensure equitable access to low-intervention birth settings. Policies that expand affordable health insurance to cover midwifery care in all birth settings are needed to enable people to make informed choices about birth location that align with their values, individual pregnancy characteristics, and preferences.

Novel Device Used to Monitor Hand Tremors during Nocturnal Hypoglycemic Events

Diabetes is one of the lifelong diseases that require systematic medical care to avoid life-menacing ramifications. Uncontrolled diabetes can cause severe damage to most internal body organs, probably leading to death. Particularly, nocturnal hypoglycemic that occur usually at night during sleep. Severe cases of these events can lead to seizures, fainting, loss of consciousness, and death. The current medical devices lack to give the warning to reduce the risk of acquiring nocturnal hypoglycemic events because they use only for glucose monitoring during waking times. Consequently, the main goal of this work is to design and implement a new wearable device to detect and monitor tremors, which occur when a user has hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). The device can detect a frequency range of 4–12 Hz by using the accelerometer of Arduino Nano 33 BLE. It can send a signal to the phone application (app) via Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). Once the phone receives a signal, the phone application can activate an alarm system to wake up the patient, call three selected contacts number, and universal emergency number. In case of the user is unresponsive, the app can provide the patient’s location, name, and date of birth to the emergency contacts numbers and universal emergency number. Additionally, the device cost is economically feasible and competitive compared to other medical devices.

Understanding women’s decision-making process for birth location in Tanzania based on individual women’s reproductive pathways: a life-course perspective

ABSTRACT Background Determinants for women’s care seeking for birth in low-income setting are multifactorial and remain poorly understood. A life course approach can assist to structure the interplay of the different factors that lead to women seeking care or not. Objective In this study we aimed to explore individual women’s reproductive pathways, and increase understanding of how important life events including previous pregnancy and birth experiences can help us to understand individual choices made for care seeking during childbirth. Methods The study took place in Tanzania between 2015 and 2017. 14 women were followed throughout their pregnancy, birth and postpartum period through participant observation and in-depth interviews. In total 94 in-depth interviews were held (between 5–7 interviews per woman). Analysis occurred continuous throughout the data collection period resulting in detailed narratives of crucial events across women’s life course, with specific attention to their current pregnancy. Results Of the 14 women, seven had a facility birth, six a home birth and one woman gave birth at the home of a local birth attendant. Four different story plots were identified: expected home birth, expected facility birth, unexpected facility birth and unexpected home birth. Birth narratives of four women representative of the different story plots are presented. Narratives illustrate women’s individual reproductive pathways including the various factors influencing women’s expectations and justifications for their actions during their pregnancy and birth. Conclusion Women’s agency, including women’s perception of self, the self in relation to the social environment and reflection on risks associated with the range of options, influences the final decision made for birth. Women’s narratives suggest that quality of care can function as a primary pull factor for facility birth. As long as home birth is by some perceived to be a better alternative, achieving skilled care for all will be difficult to achieve.

The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on maternal delivery experiences and breastfeeding practices in China: data from a cross-sectional study

BackgroundThe COVID-2019 pandemic has placed extensive pressure on health systems and posed a severe public health challenge worldwide. Lockdown measures implemented in many countries have delayed virus spread. However, a considerable number of people have faced unprecedented pressure, especially pregnant and breast-feeding women, because face-to-face professional support has been reduced during the lockdown in many countries.ObjectivesTo compare the delivery and infant feeding experiences of women who delivered before (BL) versus during (DL) the Covid-19 pandemic in Beijing, China and to investigate predictors of breastfeeding at 6-months.MethodsWomen aged ≥18 years with an infant ≤18 months of age completed an anonymous survey. Information/links were shared online and via local clinics in Beijing. Logistic regression was performed to assess predictors of breastfeeding during the first 6-months.ResultsOne thousand eight hundred seven women provided data; BL 1231 (68.1%), DL 576 (31.9%). Significantly more mothers in DL group reported the lockdown had moderate to high impact to their household income (p = 0.013) and the convenience of purchasing daily necessities(p = 0.014). Compared to BL mothers, significantly more mothers in the DL groups thought their birth location and breastfeeding intention had been effected by the COVID-19 (p < 0.001, p = 0.036 respectively). Mostly breastfeeding (MBF, mainly breastfeeding with few non-formula fluids added) at 6 months was predicted by delivery during the lockdown period (OR1.43, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08, 1.90), younger maternal age (OR 0.96, 95%CI 0.93, 0.99), getting support from friends or relatives (OR 1.95, 95%CI 1.06, 3.59), and discussing health issues in online groups > four times a week (OR 1.66, 95%CI 1.09, 2.53).ConclusionThe COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown measures influenced mothers’ planned birth location and breastfeeding intention. However, breastfeeding practice was maintained during the pandemic. Our results highlight the importance of feeding support as well as potential beneficial effects of increased mother-infant contact during the lockdown period which is relevant even under normal circumstances.

Abstract WMP60: Characteristics Of Us-born Versus Foreign-born Stroke Survivors

Introduction: Black US residents face a disproportionate burden of both ischemic and recurrent stroke. There is a paucity of information about the impact of nativity on stroke prevalence among Black individuals in the US. The objective of this study was to evaluate prevalence of and factors associated with stroke among US Black individuals by region of birth. Methods: Using the 2000-2018 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), we identified individuals who identified as Black, aged 25-74 years. Stroke was determined by self-report. Respondents were stratified by age (25-55 or 56-74 years) and location of birth (US-born vs foreign-born [Caribbean, South and Central America (CSCA), or Africa]). Using logistic regression models, we assessed factors associated with stroke prevalence, adjusting for sociodemographic (sex, education, income) and medical characteristics (smoking, BMI), stratified by region of origin. Results: Among 64,717 respondents (weighted n= 12,983,173), 88.3% were US-born, 8.0% were from CSCA, and 3.7% were from Africa. Prevalence of stroke was 3.8% among US-born, 1.4% among CSCA, and 0.7% among those of African origin. In unadjusted logistic regression models foreign-born Black individuals were less likely to have had a stroke compared to those who were US-born (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.28-0.48 for CSCA-born and OR 0.18, 0.11-0.30 for African-born). These findings remained significant after adjusting for covariates (adjusted OR 0.44, 0.34-0.57 for CSCA, OR 0.39, 0.23-0.63 for Africa). After adjusting for covariates, among 25-55 year old individuals, the odds of stroke were lowest for those who had recently immigrated (OR stroke for foreign born vs. US born Black individuals in US &lt; 5 years: OR 0.21, 0.05-0.83; 5-14 years: OR 0.24, 0.10-0.60; ≥ 15 years: OR 0.41, 0.25-0.68). A similar pattern was seen for those over 55 years (&lt; 5 years: OR 0.18, 0.04-0.76; 5-14 years: OR 0.31, 0.12-0.78; ≥ 15 years: OR 0.56, 0.42-0.74). Discussion: Foreign-born Black individuals have lower prevalence of stroke than US born Blacks individuals. Homogenizing racial and ethnic groups without including differential characteristics may mask key epidemiologic trends and limit public health efforts and targeted interventions.

Labor & delivery unit closures most impact travel times to birth locations for micropolitan residents in Iowa.

Continued closure of rural hospitals and labor & delivery units can impact timely access to care. Iowa has lost over a quarter of its labor & delivery units in the previous decade. Calculating how travel times to labor & delivery services have changed, and where in the state the largest travel times take place, are important for understanding access to this critical service. Using parental address and facility location from birth certificate data in Iowa from 2013 to 2019, travel times to birth facility are assessed for rural, micropolitan, and metropolitan parents, as well as for complicated versus noncomplicated births and Medicaid versus non-Medicaid recipients. Parts of the state have travel times that are consistently greater than 30 minutes over the duration of the study. The largest increases in travel times are found among micropolitan residents, particularly those experiencing complicated births. Travel times are consistently the longest for rural residents but increased only slightly over the study time period. These findings suggest that access to hospital-based obstetric care is most changed for residents of small towns rather than rural or larger city residents.

Developmental origin of the Pair1 descending interneuron.

Pair1 is part of a Drosophila larval locomotor circuit that promotes backward locomotion by inhibiting forward locomotion. We hypothesize that lineage related neurons may function in neuronal circuits together. Testing this hypothesis requires knowing the progenitor of each neuron within this locomotor circuit, and here we focus exclusively on Pair1. During Drosophila melanogaster embryogenesis, unique neuroblasts form by inheriting the spatial transcription factors (TFs) expressed in their birth location within the neuroectoderm. We examine the Pair1 neurons using immunofluorescence to determine which neuroblast the Pair1s derive from. Our results show that Pair1 is derived from gnathal neuroblast 5-3 which expresses Gooseberry (Gsb) and Intermediate neuroblasts defective (Ind). When Gsb or Ind were overexpressed in the Pair1 lineage, extra neurons formed with similar Pair1 morphology.

Maternal-Newborn Health System Changes and Outcomes in Ontario, Canada, During Wave 1 of the COVID-19 Pandemic—A Retrospective Study

ObjectiveTo determine the population-level impact of COVID-19 pandemic–related obstetric practice changes on maternal and newborn outcomes. MethodsSegmented regression analysis examined changes that occurred 240 weeks pre-pandemic through the first 32 weeks of the pandemic using data from Ontario’s Better Outcomes Registry & Network. Outcomes included birth location, length of stay, labour analgesia, mode of delivery, preterm birth, and stillbirth. Immediate and gradual effects were modelled with terms representing changes in intercepts and slopes, corresponding to the start of the pandemic. ResultsThere were 799 893 eligible pregnant individuals included in the analysis; 705 767 delivered in the pre-pandemic period and 94 126 during the pandemic wave 1 period. Significant immediate decreases were observed for hospital births (relative risk [RR] 0.99; 95% CI 0.98–0.99), length of stay (median change –3.29 h; 95% CI –3.81 to –2.77), use of nitrous oxide (RR 0.11; 95% CI 0.09–0.13) and general anesthesia (RR 0.69; 95% CI 0.58– 0.81), and trial of labour after cesarean (RR 0.89; 95% CI 0.83–0.96). Conversely, there were significant immediate increases in home births (RR 1.35; 95% CI 1.21–1.51), and use of epidural (RR 1.02; 95% CI 1.01–1.04) and regional anesthesia (RR 1.01; 95% CI 1.01–1.02). There were no significant immediate changes for any other outcomes, including preterm birth (RR 0.99; 95% CI 0.93–1.05) and stillbirth (RR 1.11; 95% CI 0.87–1.42). ConclusionProvincial health system changes implemented at the start of the pandemic resulted in immediate clinical practice changes but not insignificant increases in adverse outcomes.

Incidence of and Mortality From Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in National Football League Athletes

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease; understanding ALS risk factors is a critical public health issue. To evaluate the incidence of and mortality from ALS in National Football League (NFL) athletes and to describe characteristics associated with ALS within this cohort. This population-based cohort study included all 19 423 NFL athletes who debuted between 1960 and 2019 and played 1 or more professional game. It was conducted between October 3, 2020, and July 19, 2021. Participation in the NFL, including playing 1 or more professional games. Cases of ALS and death information were identified based on public records from NFL statistics aggregators, news reports, obituaries, and National Death Index results. The standardized incidence ratio and the standardized mortality ratio were calculated based on data acquired from surveillance studies of ALS accounting for age, sex, and race. Secondary analyses examined the association of body mass index, NFL career duration, race, birth location, and markers of fame, using a nested case-control design, matching athletes with ALS to athletes without ALS, by NFL debut year. A total of 19 423 male former and current NFL players (age range, 23-78 years) were included in this cohort study and were followed up for a cumulative 493 168 years (mean [SD] follow-up, 30.6 [13.7] years). Thirty-eight players received a diagnosis of ALS, and 28 died during the study time frame, representing a significantly higher incidence of ALS diagnosis (standardized incidence ratio, 3.59; 95% CI, 2.58-4.93) and mortality (standardized mortality ratio, 3.94; 95% CI, 2.62-5.69) among NFL players compared with the US male population, adjusting for age and race. Among NFL athletes, nested-case-control analyses found that those who received a diagnosis of ALS had significantly longer careers (mean [SD] duration, 7.0 [3.9] years) than athletes without ALS (mean [SD] duration, 4.5 [3.6] years; odds ratio, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.1-1.3). There were no differences in ALS status based on proxies of NFL fame, body mass index, position played, birth location, or race. The age-, sex-, and race-adjusted incidence of and mortality from ALS among all NFL players who debuted between 1960 and 2019 were nearly 4 times as high as those of the general population. Athletes with a diagnosis of ALS had longer NFL careers than those without ALS, suggesting an association between NFL duration of play and ALS. The identification of these risk factors for ALS helps to inform the study of pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for this fatal neurodegenerative disease.

The impact of perinatal healthcare changes on birth trauma during COVID-19

BackgroundSince the onset of COVID-19, giving birth has involved navigating unprecedented healthcare changes that could significantly impact the psychological birth experience. AimResearch has demonstrated increasing rates of birth trauma and birth plan alterations during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study specifically examined these intersecting experiences to understand how COVID-related healthcare changes have impacted birth trauma during the pandemic. Methods269 people who gave birth in the U.S. during COVID-19 completed an online survey between November, 2020-May, 2021 which included questions about COVID-related perinatal healthcare changes and birth-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; The City Birth Trauma Scale). T-tests were run on birth demographics to assess for significant indicators of PTSD; variables having significant effects were used to build a hierarchical regression model to predict PTSD symptoms. Findings5.9% of the sample met criteria for PTSD and 72.3% met partial criteria. The overall regression model predicted approximately 19% of variance in total PTSD symptoms. Labor and birth demographics were entered in Step 1 and predicted approximately 11% of variance: limited length of stay for support person, being allowed 1 support person who had to be the same, and mask requirements were significant predictors of PTSD. Variables related to birth plan changes were entered in Step 2 and predicted approximately 8% of variance: changes to support person(s) for labor and birth, breastfeeding plans, and birth location were significant predictors of PTSD. ConclusionThe present study demonstrates the importance of COVID-related perinatal healthcare changes to the development of trauma symptoms following childbirth.

Wrong place, wrong time: The long-run effects of in-utero exposure to malaria on educational attainment

This paper investigates the long-term relationship between early life exposure to malaria and human capital accumulation in Brazil. The identification strategy relies on exogenous variation in the risk of malaria outbreaks in different states and seasons of the year to identify in utero exposure according to the timing and location of birth. I find consistent negative treatment effects of in utero exposure to malaria on educational attainment. The effects are stronger for exposure during the first trimester of pregnancy than during other periods of gestation. Effective anti-malaria policies can, thus, be an important factor contributing to reducing the educational inequality by targeting pregnant women, especially those in their first months of gestation.

Hunting wide-area optical surveys for high proper motion isolated neutron stars

ABSTRACT High-velocity neutron stars (HVNSs) that were kicked out from their birth location can be potentially identified with their large proper motions, and possibly with large parallax, when they come across the solar neighborhood. In this paper, we study the feasibility of hunting isolated HVNSs in wide-area optical surveys by modelling the evolution of NS luminosity taking into account spin-down and thermal radiation. Assuming the upcoming 10-yr Vera C. Rubin Observatory’s LSST observation, our model calculations predict that about 10 HVNSs mainly consisting of pulsars with ages of 104–$10^5\, \rm yr$ and thermally emitting NSs with 105–$10^6\, \rm yr$ are detectable. We find that a few NSs with effective temperature $\lt 5 \times 10^5\, \rm K$, which are likely missed in the current and future X-ray surveys, are also detectable, and the detectability highly depends on NS cooling models. In particular, if considering dark matter heating in NS cores, we find that such cold NSs would account for $70{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of the whole detectable sample, and they are typically older than $10^6\, \rm yr$ and tend to have slow transverse velocities, $\lesssim 100\, \rm km\, s^{-1}$, compared to already known pulsars. Thus, the future optical observation will give a unique NS sample, which can provide essential constraints on the NS cooling and heating mechanisms. Moreover, we suggest that providing HVNS samples with optical surveys is helpful for understanding the intrinsic kick-velocity distribution of NSs.

'Never waste a crisis': a commentary on the COVID-19 pandemic as a driver for innovation in maternity care.

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in rapid changes in many areas of health care worldwide.1 Some organisational and governance controls on innovation have been relaxed, to enable rapid adaptation to changing circumstances. The speed of innovation raises a range of ethical, governance and organisational issues. It is important to assess what changes have been instituted, which ones should be maintained, and how to encourage effective innovations in future.

The center-effect on outcomes for infants born at less than 25 weeks

Marked variation exists in the care of infants born at <25 weeks’ gestation. The center or location where a fetus or infant is cared for influences outcomes at very early gestational ages. Understanding this “center-effect,” including characteristics associated with centers that have high survival of births at <25 weeks’ gestation, may inform future studies and guide care practices to improve outcomes. This review focuses on the impact that the location or center of birth has on survival and other important outcomes for infants born at <25 weeks' gestation. We review potential sources of variation in care practices and other factors that might explain the “center-effect.”

A Paradigm shift in genotype-phenotype relationships in β-thalassaemia.

A Paradigm shift in genotype-phenotype relationships in β-thalassaemia.

Birth Location in Infants with Prenatally Diagnosed Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome.

There are conflicting data on how delivery location impacts outcomes in neonates with ductal-dependent heart disease. Our goal was to evaluate the impact of delivery location on hospital length of stay and survival in infants with prenatally diagnosed hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) after stage 1 palliation (S1P). A multicenter cohort study was performed utilizing the National Pediatric Cardiology Quality Improvement Collaborative dataset for infants with prenatally diagnosed HLHS who underwent S1P from August 2016 to December 2018. Univariate comparisons of demographics, clinical, and outcome data were made and multivariable logistic regression was performed between groups stratified by distance from surgical center. A total of 790 patients from 33 centers were analyzed: 85% were born < 5 miles from the surgical center with 72% of those (486/673) born at the surgical center. Infants born < 5 miles from the surgical center were significantly (p < 0.05) more likely to be male, white, full term, have no non-cardiac anomaly, and have commercial health insurance; they were significantly more likely to breastfeed pre-operatively, and less likely to have pre-operative cardiac catheterizations, pre-operative mechanical ventilation, or delayed surgery. There was no significant difference between groups in hospital length of stay, 30-day survival, or survival to hospital discharge. In this multicenter dataset, hospital length of stay and survival after S1P did not differ based on distance from birth location to surgical center. However, neonates born < 5 miles from the surgical center had lower rates of potentially modifiable pre-operative risk factors including mechanical ventilation and delays to surgery.

Family planning, pregnancy and birth in women with lung conditions: a worldwide survey.

Lung diseases can complicate pregnancy, but little is known about the experiences of pregnancy among women living with such diseases. This survey aimed to understand the experiences of women with a lung condition before and during pregnancy, in childbirth and post-partum.The survey was translated into nine languages and hosted online between March and May 2018. This paper reports on 327 women who had asthma, cystic fibrosis (CF), lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) and sarcoidosis as a sole or primary lung condition.Women with CF and LAM were most likely to report that their condition influenced their decision to have children. Those with CF and LAM who did become pregnant reported greater satisfaction with their healthcare during pregnancy and gave more consideration to factors such as location and type of birth; they were also more concerned about the impact of the pregnancy on their health than women with other diseases. Women with sarcoidosis reported receiving conflicting advice as to both the impact of their condition on pregnancy and how becoming pregnant might impact their health. Women with asthma reported not always being able to access the information they needed from healthcare professionals.The results suggest that healthcare providers should be having dialogues with affected women early on, from before conception, throughout the pregnancy and after giving birth, and training should be provided to healthcare staff to equip them with the information they need to do this.

Essential newborn care practices in Benin: Are there differences by birth location?

Annually, about 60 infant deaths occur per 1000 live births in Benin; nearly one-half of these deaths occur during the neonatal period. Home- and health facility-based newborn care practices are essential for reducing neonatal death. The aim of this study was to explore relationships between location of childbirth and essential newborn care practices in the Republic of Benin, West Africa. We used cross-sectional data from the 2017 Benin Demographic and Health Survey. The study included 6831 women who had a recent live birth. We used multivariable logistic regression to examine associations between location of birth and early initiation of breastfeeding, breastfeeding support, and cord examination while adjusting for potential confounding factors. There was no significant difference in early initiation of breastfeeding by birth location. Compared to women with home births, those who gave birth in public hospitals, public health centers/clinics, and private health facilities had significantly higher odds of receiving breastfeeding support (public hospitals: OR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.23-2.59; public health centers/clinics: OR: 2.06, 95% CI: 1.46-2.91; private clinics: OR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.35-2.88). Compared with women who gave birth at home, those who gave birth in public health centers/clinics and private health facilities were twice as likely to report newborn cord examination (OR: 1.99, 95% CI: 1.41-2.79; OR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.36-2.83, respectively). Despite the high prevalence of health facility births in Benin, the coverage of early newborn care is suboptimal, especially in public hospitals. Policies and public health interventions will be required, more so in public hospitals, to ensure that all mothers and newborns receive these potentially life-saving services.