Local Growth Control Research Articles

Proliferation pattern of capillary endothelial cells in chorioallantoic membrane development indicates local growth control, which is counteracted by vascular endothelial growth factor application

The density and distribution of whole mount BrdU-anti-BrdU labeled endothelial cells (days 6-15) in the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) was analyzed with computer-assisted microscopy. A significant loss of proliferative activity was noted after day 10: the density of labeled nuclei (in 10(-2) mm-2) decreased from a median 7.78 (days 6, 8, 10) to 2.42 (days 12, 14, 15). CAMs initially showed random patterns of labeled endothelial cells, but changed to clearly focal patterns after day 12. A regular arrangement of labeled nuclei was never seen. After application of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to the day 13 CAM, a significant increase in proliferative activity (11.50) and a random distribution of labeled endothelial cells was observed on day 15. Development of CAM precapillary vessels was assessed in terms of length density (in mm-1, mean +/- standard deviation), which was augmented three-fold from day 6 (1.22 +/- 0.05) to day 14 (3.54 +/- 0.23) and then remained nearly constant. VEGF application from day 13 to 15 raised arterial length per unit area to 4.53 +/- 0.77. It is concluded that normally a local regulation of endothelial proliferation and differentiation develops in the CAM, which doubles capillary endothelial cell density but simultaneously adapts to the decreasing need for endothelial cells, and thus maintains the quasi two-dimensional vessel pattern. However, proliferative foci persist in the capillary layer after day 10, and precapillary vessel density continues to increase until day 14. VEGF enhances DNA synthesis in all capillary endothelial cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Explaining the vote for slow growth

A model of equilibrium rent determination is developed to incorporate both the scarcity and amenity effects associated with limits to new housing construction in a non-open city where demand for housing has increased. Implications of the model are tested with data from California cities to determine which factors increase the probability that a local growth control ballot measure is proposed, or passed. It is found that limits to new housing development occur with greater frequency in communities where fewer substitute cities exist and where certain socioeconomic characteristics predominate, but not where current population densities, or growth, are high.

Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for the Treatment of Brainstem Tumors

Ten patients with brainstem tumors (BST) underwent Gamma Knife radiosurgery. In 5 cases, there were definitive histological diagnoses; ependymoma (n = 3) and CNS lymphoma (n = 2). The others were diagnosed as ependymoma (n = 1), CNS lymphoma (n = 2) and glioma (n = 2) on clinical grounds. Of 4 cases with ependymoma, the tumor showed a marked response in 3 cases. Of 4 cases with CNS lymphoma, all responded rapidly and the clinical symptoms improved markedly. However, in the 2 cases with glioma, the tumor remained unchanged or continued to grow. Gamma Knife radiosurgery was effective in local growth control of BST without adverse effects. An alternative treatment design will be required in glioma cases.

Reviews : Farming on the Edge: Saving Family Farms in Marin County, California John Hart University of California Press, Berkeley, 1991. 174 pages. $16.95 (PB). Regional Growth...Local Reaction: The Enactment and Effects of Local Growth Control and Management Measures in California Madelyn Glickfeld and Ned Levine Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1992. 160 pages. $15.00 (PB

Reviews : Farming on the Edge: Saving Family Farms in Marin County, California John Hart University of California Press, Berkeley, 1991. 174 pages. $16.95 (PB). Regional Growth...Local Reaction: The Enactment and Effects of Local Growth Control and Management Measures in California Madelyn Glickfeld and Ned Levine Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1992. 160 pages. $15.00 (PB

Do Growth Controls Work?: A New Assessment

Abstract This article presents a partial evaluation of local growth controls as applied in seven mid-size California cities: Camarillo, Livermore, Lodi, Red-lands, San Luis Obispo, Thousand Oaks, and Walnut Creek. Through a comparison of the seven growth control cities with similar (and usually nearby) cities that did not adopt controls, this article reports on three aspects of local growth control: Do local growth controls actually reduce local rates of population growth? Do local growth controls increase the price of housing? And what is the link between growth control and community fiscal health?

Citizen Mobilization and the Adoption of Local Growth Control

Citizen Mobilization and the Adoption of Local Growth Control

Citizen Mobilization and the Adoption of Local Growth Control

Citizen Mobilization and the Adoption of Local Growth Control

Court rulings on local efforts to manage growth by initiative and referendum in California

unusually broad and well-entrenched in California. As a result of that right, residents of that state have employed both of these tools of direct democracy to manage local growth. In this article the initiative will be treated as the power of voters to draft and implement growth control measures within local governmental settings. The local growth control referendum will, in turn, represent their power to rescind local governmental actions that fail to promote a desired level of growth control. This article describes how courts in California have developed a body of case law governing such local efforts to control growth by direct legislation.

Colchicine and antineoplastic therapy for the prevention of restenosis after percutaneous coronary interventions

The complexity of the events that culminate in intimal proliferation after arterial injury and similarities between this response and benign neoplasia suggest that conventional medical therapies will continue to be unsuccessful in preventing recurrent stenosis after percutaneous coronary revascularization. By preventing cell division after smooth muscle cell activation, antimitogenic therapy may inhibit the final common pathway in this complex chain of events and offset the apparent loss of local growth control. Colchicine, which causes metaphase arrest of cell division, has been shown in experimental studies to decrease the extent of atheromatous plaque formation and reduce the severity of arterial restenosis after balloon angioplasty. However, preliminary results from a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial suggest that low dose colchicine (0.6 mg twice a day orally) does not prevent restenosis.The use of more potent antineoplastic agents is limited by the potential for life-threatening side effects. It is possible that these adverse effects can be averted by using novel drug delivery systems to administer antimitogenic therapy locally at the site of arterial injury or by using low dose synergistic combinations of antiproliferative agents. This review examines the potential role of antimitogenic therapy in the prevention of restenosis after coronary interventions and considers the possibility of an overlap of the therapeutic realms of interventional cardiology and medical oncology.

Local land use regulations in the USA: A study of their impacts on housing cost

Local land use regulations are needed to protect the general health and welfare of the population and protect the environment. But, taken together, these regulations may have inflationary effects on the cost of housing. This article discusses the housing cost effects of local land use and growth control regulations In the USA, and proposes recommendations to reduce the cost by reforming these regulations and streamlining review procedures. The findings of this article would be useful to public officials who serve on different advisory and decision-making bodies having to do with local land use planning and affordable housing.

Do Suburban Growth Controls Control Growth?

This study attempts to replicate results of previous research on the consequences of growth controls in suburban municipalities. It combines longitudinal data for 1970-1980 from census materials with a 1973 questionnaire survey of city planning officials concerning local growth-control policies. Growth controls have only modest effects on subsequent changes in local population, median family income, median rent, and black percentage. We argue that formal policy tools or legislation cannot be accepted as indicating that their stated objectives will be realized. Data on such tools are potentially misleading; research on local growth politics requires more fine-grained information on the balance of forces in the community.

Trends in Local Growth Control Ballot Measures in California

Trends in Local Growth Control Ballot Measures in California

Bioelectric perturbations of bone. Research directions and clinical applications.

Bioelectric perturbation of living hard tissue produces clinically useful effects. It is being used effectively in the treatment of intractable orthopedic problems such as nonunion and avascular necrosis. Dental applications of this phenomenon are still in the early stages of research and development. Barring untoward circumstances, this form of local growth control may be used as an adjunct to localized bone induction therapy such as in the treatment of periodontal diseases, bone grafting or implantation of biocompatible products. It also appears to show promise in enhancing the rate of tooth movement or the stability of anchor teeth. The mechanism for these perturbation-induced changes in cells has not been explained. This is an active area of research with many implications for helping the clinician understand the molecular biology of hard-tissue cell proliferation, migration and differentiation.

Environmentalism and Local Growth Control

This is a report probing certain aspects of the argument that environmentalism and environmental protection policies are class biased in favor of the middle and upper classes. Survey data from a local growth control dispute are employed to test some assertions regarding the conditions under which a class division between supporters and opponents arises. The findings suggest that such divisions are likely to occur when the environmental policy has some immediate and real significance for the respondent, as opposed to being abstract or hypothetical, or when strong class appeals are made by a dominating campaign organization.

Characteristics of Support for Local Growth Control

It is often contended that support for local limitations on residential development results from the demands of the affluent, who wish to ensure limited access to their communities. This contention, along with alternative explanations of local growth-control support, are examined. The article explores empirical dimensions of support for elect orally induced control of residential development. A major finding, which utilizes a discriminant function analysis of a random sample survey of registered voters, is that under some circumstances there may be no relationship between measures of affluence or socioeconomic status and support for limiting residential development. In addition, the findings reveal the possible existence of substantial, wide-based support for protection of the local environment that is related to a commitment to the role of government in maintaining local amenities and services. The article concludes with an analysis of local growth control as an issue that significantly defines the agenda of suburban politics and the concerns of a broad spectrum of American citizens.

Host's immune state and kinetics of local tumor growth control--progression of postoperative lung metastasis.

In a study of the progression of lung metastases in tumor-bearing and tumor-excised mice as a function of the host's immune status and of the rate of local 3LL tumor development, the following observations were noted. 1) The total metastatic volume was larger in mice transplanted intrafootpad with the lower doses of 3LL tumor cells (1 x 10(5)--3 x 10(4)) than in mice inoculated with high doses of tumor cells (5 x 10(-6)--1 x 10(6)). 2) A dramatic acceleration of metastatic development followed surgical removal of the local tumor which developed following inoculation of low, but not high doses of 3LL tumor cells. 3) In immunoimpaired mice, growth of the local tumor induced by inoculation of 3 x 10(6) or 1 x 10(5) 3LL tumor cells was enhanced in cyclophosphamide-treated (200 mg/kg) mice and retarded in B mice, yet metastasis development was accelerated in both types of immunosuppressed tumor-bearing mice. Tumor excision was an additional stimulus for metastatic growth. In immunosuppressed animals, the growth of postoperative pulmonary metastases accelerated to the same degree, independent of whether local tumors had been produced by high or by low doses of 3LL tumor cells.