Local Development Approach Research Articles

Local Governance and Sustainable Development Goals: Local Development Approach in India

Local Governance and Sustainable Development Goals: Local Development Approach in India

Input legitimacy of bottom‐up fishery governance: Lessons from community‐led local development in two Nordic EU countries

AbstractIn European Union member states, the community‐led local development (CLLD) approach implemented through Fisheries Local Action Groups (FLAGs) represents different social organisational and democratic traditions. Hence, FLAGs operate and apply local development strategies and strengthen the role of fishing communities and the fishing industry under the influence of nationally contingent factors. Based on document analysis and mixed methods data, this article addresses the role of input legitimacy in FLAGs in Denmark and Finland. The findings show that Danish FLAGs demonstrate input legitimacy, while the fishery sector's interests are relatively weakly represented on FLAG boards. In Finland, the FLAG institutional system is perceived to be more flexible, demonstrating a lower level of input legitimacy, while the fishery sector's interests are substantially represented on FLAG boards. The comparison provides an analytical basis for member states financing CLLD through EMFAF and paves the way for reflexion on the FLAG governance system based on different programming periods and institutional contexts.

Tourism and health in Senegal: the local human development approach in the example of the Cap Skirring resort in Casamance

Tourism and health in Senegal: the local human development approach in the example of the Cap Skirring resort in Casamance

Lines of research related to the impact of gentrification on local development

Gentrification is an urban phenomenon that involves the transformation of neighborhoods, often characterized by their cultural and economic diversity, through the arrival of new residents with higher incomes, which can generate profound effects on local development. The objective is to analyze lines of research related to the impact of gentrification on local development. The research paradigm was quantitative, based on a descriptive, retrospective and bibliometric study, during the period from 1990 to 2024. A “.RIS” file format was downloaded and analyzed in the EndNote X8 bibliographic manager by two researchers independently. The behavior was heterogeneous, but towards an increase, with a maximum peak of 15 research papers. Research articles in the area of social sciences predominated. The most productive country was the United States with 82 research papers. A word co-occurrence analysis was carried out where six scientific research lines were identified. The maximum peak of citations was in 2010 with more than 500 citations. Gentrification, while it can bring about improvements in infrastructure and services, presents significant challenges for local development by causing the displacement of low-income communities and the cultural and economic homogenization of neighborhoods. This phenomenon highlights the need to implement local development approaches that are inclusive and equitable, ensuring that the benefits of urban development are distributed fairly among all sectors of the population

The Major Local Entrepreneurial Development Approaches of Local Government Units in the Contemporary Setting: A Phenomenology

The purpose of this phenomenological study is to present the different local entrepreneurial development approaches of local government units. The results of the study revealed major commonalities in local entrepreneurial development approaches that the local government units had been adapting. Major factors affecting the implementation of these approaches were revenue allotments, local economy, human development and institutional capabilities. Style of leadership and management approach by those manning the reign of authority provided a lot of influence as to how developmental undertakings are implemented. Notable difference in approaches to local entrepreneurial development could be attributed to the personal biases of the local chief executives due to their profession, passion and life endeavors. What is notable in this study is that the local chief executive’s management capability will be crucial to the development performance of every local economy.

The Major Local Entrepreneurial Development Approaches of Local Government Units in the Contemporary Setting: A Phenomenology

The Major Local Entrepreneurial Development Approaches of Local Government Units in the Contemporary Setting: A Phenomenology

Opportunities for local fishing action groups for transformation of rural areas

The importance of territorial governance structures in the context of neo-endogenous and locally based development is increasing for the development of rural areas in the European Union. EU policy and practice of involving stakeholders and building public-private partnerships (PPPs) are among the main tools for implementing this type of governance in rural and fishing areas. Local Action Groups (LAGs) and Fisheries Local Action Groups (FLAGs) work within the framework of Community-Led Local Development (CLLD) and ensure the participation of local residents in the planning and implementation of their Local Development Strategies (LDSs). The purpose of the report is to assess the distribution, development and problems of FLAGs and their role in the transformations and development of fishing territories. Opportunities and guidelines for their development during the current programming period should be presented on this basis. In the assessment of the development and problems of FLAGs, information from primary and secondary sources was used for the implementation of the Maritime and Fisheries Operational Programme (MFOP) and for the implementation of the Community-Led Local Development approach.

Transferability of the highway safety manual freeway model to EU countries

IntroductionIn roadway safety management processes, Accident Prediction Models (APMs) represent the best available tools to analyse potential safety issues, to identify safety improvements and to estimate the potential effect of these improvements in terms of crash reduction. The Highway Safety Manual (HSM) provides consistent predictive methods for estimating the predicted average crash frequency, but an appropriate calibration is necessary to use them in contexts different from the ones where they were developed. MethodThe present study provides a contribution in this field of research providing a European APM based on the one proposed by HSM and introducing a new methodology to transfer the HSM to different European rural freeways. Specifically, a new set of jurisdiction-specific (JS) base safety performance functions (SPFs) have been developed as a function of annual average daily traffic volume and roadway segment length, considering JS base conditions specific for each different national network, different from the HSM base conditions. These new SPFs were then used for the calibration of the full models, and the results compared with those obtained applying the HSM predictive model. This allows to evaluate the potential benefits of calibrating jurisdiction-specific base SPFs, with different base conditions. ResultsThe results showed that the local SPFs development approach allowed to obtain a better fit than the HSM predictive model for the analysed European countries. ConclusionsThe findings suggest that the development of jurisdiction-specific base SPFs will offer more suitable APMs for countries that differ from the USA, thus a more reliable prediction could be obtained by applying this procedure. Practical ApplicationsThe use of JS SPFs allowed developing European APMs based on those proposed by HSM but applicable to different conditions. This represents a useful starting point for further analysis and improvements in accident prediction modelling.

PKM Training for Rural Economic Empowerment (TREE) dalam Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Pesisir Paiton Probolinggo

The coastal community in Paiton District, Probolinggo Regency faces a development dilemma, even though the coastal area has great natural resource potential, especially the potential for coastal, fisheries and marine resources. This potential has not been exploited optimally and sustainably. Meanwhile, people, especially those living in coastal areas, Paiton District are still in high unemployment rates. The application of the Training for Rural Economic Empowerment (TREE) model is expected to overcome these problems. As a result, this empowerment program has implemented a development approach that ensures poor women and men get an inexhaustible resource of skills and knowledge that they can apply to increase their incomes and take a more active role in shaping their communities. Local development and gender approaches are heavily mainstreamed into the TREE program and therefore contribute to the empowerment of women and men. So that the Paiton coastal community can play a role in the development of their village through various fields including: economy, culture, social, religion, education, environment and health.

Indicators of the Public Participation Exercise for Designing Public Parks in Malaysia: A Systematic Review

In an attempt to enhance democratic governance, sustainable development goals (SDG), and Local Agenda 21 (LA21), the notion of public participation exercise (PPE) presents a range of possibilities. The PPE is observed as a method of solving the constraints faced by public parks in Malaysia, which in general suffer from two main challenges, namely (i) the underutilisation issue of public parks and (ii) the weakness of the present top-down development policy. Consequently, the objective of this study is to develop indicators for PPE in designing public parks in Malaysia. The method implemented in this study is an assessment of the construct, variable, and indicator adapted from Lazarsfeld’s scheme by conducting a document review of the Public Consultation Index (PCI), six sustainability assessment tools, namely LEED-ND, BREEAM, IDP, SITES V2, Green Mark-NRB, and GTI, and literature references. The variables and indicators were tabulated into the respective operational definition of the construct table and variables and measurement table. The findings include the identification of two main constructs, including public participation and public parks. Multiple variables were derived from each construct, including attributes of PPE in designing public parks in Malaysia, development stage, method of approach, type of public, and public parks design criteria. Subsequently, this study developed the fundamental basis for the PPE framework in designing public parks in Malaysia, which benefits the local development approach for public parks towards an integrated design framework.

Can rural stakeholders drive the low-carbon transition? Analysis of climate-related activities planned in local development strategies in Poland

In the postulated efforts to limit adverse climate change (CC), increasing attention is paid to the development of distributed renewable energy (RE) that meets the needs of local communities on the spot. This article analyses the objectives, planned actions and performance indicators related to CC and RE, defined by national and local stakeholders in: (1) the national Rural Development Programme (RDP) 2014–2020 in Poland and (2) in the bottom-up Local Development Strategies (LDS) financed from RDP and using a Community-Led Local Development approach. The content analysis method was used. We found that the strategy documents considered, created in the years 2014–2015, paid relatively little attention to local actions related to CC and RE. Some educational activities related to adaptation and mitigation of CC were planned in 66% of LDS, while investment support for RE was planned only in 9% of the LDS. Traditional goals such as supporting local businesses and farmers, local cultural heritage and the development of human and social capital were seen as more important. The results of the analysis suggest a relatively low level of interest from rural-policy actors in Poland in implementing the climate-friendly objectives of the Europe 2020 strategy. This article contributes to understanding why Poland failed to meet the European 2020 RE development goals. These issues are discussed in the context of national and continental climate policy and problems of transformation to post-carbon society.

The Finnish way of CLLD: place-based or half-hearted implementation?

ABSTRACT The European Commission proposed the community-led local development (CLLD) approach as a specific tool for place-based local development, offering a unique chance for an integrative use of European Structural and Investment Funds on a sub-regional level. But in Finland, as in most countries of the EU, the adoption of CLLD has so far been limited. Providing an insight into the rationales and the ways of reconfiguring the ‘original’ CLLD concept in Finland, this paper contributes to debates concerning a place-based approach to local development in the context of the European Union’s Cohesion Policy. It particularly addresses the persistent questions of what is gained and what is lost through adjusting a top-down policy instrument to diverse national and local situations? Despite its emphasis on a multi-scalar and cooperative application, the Finnish approach is by design mono-funded, remaining administratively and geographically distinct, and thus cannot serve as a truly integrated local development tool as envisioned by the EU. However, across governance scales and cross-cutting networks, processes of learning and policy negotiation have taken place, which are crucial in the creation of ‘place-based’ variants of the ‘European’ place-based approach.

Impact of community-led local development on territorial prosperity

Community-led local development is an approach that is increasingly applied in traditional territorial development policy. In this method, management is left in the “hands of local people”, who receive long-term funding, which they distribute according to the needs of the region. The aim of the study is to examine the impact and participation in the development of the territory through CLLD measures. The expert assessment and recommendations of the surveyed LAG leaders and specialists regarding the contribution of the community-led local development approach have been sought. The applied research methods in the present study are theoretical and empirical, incl. analysis, synthesis, comparison, survey, statistical processing. The results of the survey show that the majority of respondents are satisfied with the implementation of CLLD and have clear and concrete proposals for improving the approach in the next programming period. In conclusion it is necessary to note that despite all difficulties, the interest in CLLD on the part of local communities is very high, because the approach provides many opportunities to solve problems related to local development. Key words: community-led local development, LEADER program, LAG, territorial prosperity.

Europeanisation of energy policy and area-based partnerships: Regional diversity of interest in renewable energy sources in local development strategies in Poland

Cross-sectoral partnerships, known as Local Action Groups (LAGs), are a key pillar of the European Union’s Community-Led Local Development approach in member states. LAGs prepare bottom-up territorial strategies, having a relatively high degree of freedom to set their own development goals and the scope of the activities for which they receive EU funding. In this sense, there is clear potential for LAGs to implement local scale initiatives around renewable energies (RE). To understand the scope and extent of such bottom-up initiatives in Poland, we analyse the regional diversity of operations in RE in the local development strategies of 324 LAGs prepared for the EU Programming Period 2014–2020. Specifically, we analysed whether local communities planned to undertake educational actions or investments related to RE in their strategies. Content analysis shows a relatively low interest in this subject by the communities analysed at the time their strategies were prepared. Across the country, educational activities related to RE were planned in 13% of strategies and investments related to RE in only 9% of them. Possible reasons for the generally low local interest in RE may relate to the levels of education and income of local communities. However, the regional disparities could be the result of the individual policy of regional authorities. We discuss the possible causes of this apparent lack of interest in RE among local communities in the context of EU-wide efforts for a low-carbon economy. Alternative policy instruments, or more precise targeting of rural development funding to sustainable energy may be needed to accelerate the transition to low-carbon energy sources in Poland.

Nigeria’s automotive policy and the quest for a viable automotive industry: a lesson for the developing economies

PurposeIt is of concern that several attempts at making Nigeria an automobile producing country have not yielded much success. This paper aims to re-examine the history of automobile manufacturing and the consequences of auto policies of successive governments towards having a viable automotive industry in Nigeria and the lessons therefrom.Design/methodology/approachDispersed data were assembled from both primary and secondary sources on the automobile industry activities in Nigeria. The historic data cover Nigeria’s vehicles need, production levels, importations and local content developments. Time series data on Nigeria’s crude oil prices and the devaluation of the local currency were obtained and analyzed to elucidate effects and provide the trajectory. A comparative analysis of the policies of successful countries with initial status with Nigeria was carried out to elucidate the policy pitfalls in Nigeria’s industrial policies.FindingsThe automotive policies in Nigeria are not self-sustaining. It has been curiously observed that the automotive policy on import substitution and local content development approach did not include the key components in automobile manufacturing, making it a footloose industry. Nigeria’s crude petroleum mono-economy affects the manufacturing sector negatively. A fall in international crude oil price causes free fall of the country’s currency in the international market, the cost of imported new vehicles and parts become prohibitively high, consequently, individuals, as well as corporate organizations, resorted to imported fairly used vehicles and parts for their transportation needs. Capacity utilization dropped abysmally.Originality/valueNigeria’s experience has demonstrated the critical role the government can play in safeguarding the automobile industry in the developing economies. Apart from diversification of the economy, there is a need, therefore, for a more refined and pragmatic approach in the formulation of policies to enable only genuine investors to operate in the automobile industry which hitherto has been an all-comers affair with many taking advantage of unguarded and unguided government incentives.

Local Development Approaches and the ILDI Mechanism

It seems that the past paradigm of regional analysis gives its place progressively to the approach of the dynamics of local development since the evolving localities constitute the development motor behind innovation and the overall national competitiveness. This study aims to analyze recent theoretical perspectives of clusters and business ecosystems and their relation to policies promoting local entrepreneurship and innovation. The “Local Development and Innovation Institutes” are a business ecosystem policy that aims to enhance the “Stra.Tech.Man physiology” and, thus, the potential of innovation for the entire socio-economic system. The Stra.Tech.Man approach suggests that every socio-economic organization articulates its competitive survival by the way it manages to synthesize the inner spheres of strategy, technology, and management.

Eurocity: From Political Construction to Local Demand… Or Vice-Versa?

This study presents a diagnostic analysis of the concept of the Eurocity. It aims to compare the initial intentions of the concept with its actual results from the perspective of a sustainable local development approach, particularly assessing the attention given to local governance and its potential for boosting this development paradigm. To this end, a range of internal documents and press reports of the Guadiana Eurocity were analyzed, and 15 in-depth interviews and one focus group were conducted with the main stakeholders involved in implementing local development policy in order to uncover the cognitive structure of their collective discourse and the potentials and expectations of the Eurocity. The results showed that the Guadiana Eurocity seemed to be the cross-border and European integration entity with the most legitimacy among these municipalities for carrying out sustainable local development strategies. Its structure and closeness to residents’ daily lives, however, were not sufficient guarantees of its success.

INNOVATIVE APPROACHES AND INNOVATIONS IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN BULGARIA

The LEADER approach has an important role for strengthening and the development of local communities and for stimulating innovations and innovative practices in rural areas. The aim of this paper is to analyze and evaluate the LEADER approach as an innovative approach and on this basis to prepare general conclusions about the innovative development of rural areas in Bulgaria. The local active group (LAG) is interpreted as an innovative "coordinating" activity and it is the core of the innovation system that solves conflicts, and creates and implements local strategies for rural development. The LEADER and the Community – led local development approaches introduce innovative practices for Bulgarian conditions in order to improve local governance and facilitate innovations. The main contributions of the LEADER and the Community approaches are related to: the establishment of local active groups in different network structures of partnership; activating stakeholders, broadcasting leaders and improving coordination between them; establishing local expertise and administrative capacities; support for business organizations, local authorities and the non-governmental sector in the development and management of innovative projects. The factors that influence the success of the LEADER approach and its importance for rural development in each country differ in their administrative, socio-economic, historical and cultural contexts. Bulgarian LAGs continue to implement the Community – led local development approach (CLLDA) in the process of adapting to the specific conditions of rural areas.
 The results are part of scientific project DN 15/8 2017 Sustainable multifunctional rural areas: reconsidering agricultural models and systems with increased demands and limited resources funded by the Bulgarian research fund.

Konektivitas Pelabuhan Dan Pembangunan Ekonomi Daerah Provinsi Maluku Utara

The local development approach based on islands is different with the developing of land area. The natural limitations possessed by the islands region that constrained by some characteristics such as isolation, smallness, boundless, and fragmentation. The study analyzes the impact of port connectivity to the local economic development by taking the case in the island province (North Maluku) in east Indonesia. The analysis method using the panel data model of 9 residences in period 2010-2016 in which the indicators that used are GDP, roadway, port throughput, economic density, and also container port, sea-tollway as the dummy variables. According to the common effect, model shows that all independent variables have a significant influence on the GDP except roadway. While based on Hausman test suggest that random effect model is more appropriated than FEM of which the result shows that container port and sea-tollway have not a significant impact on the GDP. These results implied that the policy of port connectivity within sea-tollway is not effective to improve the local economic development in particular in the islands based on region.

Capacity Development re‐examined through the lens of Indonesia's learning experiences with international donors

AbstractCapacity Development (CD) is a long‐term endogenous process. Despite an abundant literature, CD and the length of time required for its realisation are still abstract in practice. The examination of the process of fostering CD contributes to understanding the time required and the role of external actors, such as international donors, in supporting CD. This article aims to reveal part of the process of fostering CD and the time required, and to consider the role of international donors. This qualitative study focuses on Wakatobi district in Southeast Sulawesi province, Indonesia. The data reveal how bottom‐up local development approaches have developed through national and external donor programmes and projects. This study confirms the long endogenous learning process that CD involves. The case of Wakatobi district shows the continual efforts to institutionalize and functionalize bottom‐up local development. The acquired knowledge and skills have gradually developed the core capacities of Wakatobi, with beneficial effects on other districts and society more broadly. The fostering of CD, which resists social transformation, will take longer than donors expect. Continual learning is key and constant for the growth of CD. Donors should consider the provision of training, which makes continual, endless learning possible.