Local Broadcast Research Articles

Critical Regionalism and the Policies of Place: Revisiting Localism for the Digital Age

Local broadcasting is at a crossroads in Western media systems. While regulators work to address emergent challenges, an enduring tension within the discourse of local media regulation remains how to define “the local.” Stemming from the inability to meet this challenge, an artificial duality has emerged between communities of place and communities of interest within regulatory discussions. The larger epistemological question, therefore, remains undertheorized: How can we think through these issues in a productive fashion, rather than reducing them to an artificial dichotomy of spatial versus social? Through the use of illustrative instances from the United States, United Kingdom, and Canada, I argue that the neo-Marxian theory of critical regionalism is a useful framework to approach this question.

UHD 방송 상용화에 따른 효율적 시스템에 대한 방안 분석 연구

UHD 방송 상용화에 따른 효율적 시스템에 대한 방안을 위해서는 정부의 UHD 보급 확대에 필요한 지원과 정책이 필요하다. 물론 UHD TV의 보급과 콘텐츠 개발도 시급하다 할 것이다. 방송통신위원회는 이미 지난 2010년 5월 국내 방송통신 시장 활성화를 위해 10대 방송통신 미래 서비스를 선정해 발표하는 자리에서 'UHD 방송의 도입'을 약속한 바 있다. 하지만 아직까지는 만족스러운 지원책과 정책들이 나오지 않고 있다. 이러한 부분에서는 정부, 기업, 소비자 모두의 의견이 조율되어 있어야 해결 방안이 나올 수 있다고 본다. 하지만 모두 한자리에서 의견을 나누는 것이 어려운 일이기에 이번 연구로 정부와 기업, 소비자들의 의견을 모아 좀 더 효율적이고 많은 활용법을 확산할 수 있도록 다방면으로 방법을 찾아보려고 한다. 따라서 본 연구는 위 내용의 해결책을 제시하기 위한 연구로 세계의 UHD 보급 현황을 구체적인 방안과 객관적인 자료를 토대로 UHD 방송 상용화에 따른 효율적인 시스템에 대한 방안 연구를 진행할 것이며 UHD 보급 확대에 필요한 소비자들의 반응과 콘텐츠 제작에 필요한 제작자와 정부의 지원책에 대한 적극적인 방안에 대하여 연구하게 될 것이다. 정부와 기업, 그리고 UHD 방송 콘텐츠를 개발할 제작자들에게 이번 연구결과가 조금이나마 보탬이 될 수 있는 지침서가 되길 바란다. With UHD broadcasting commercialization accelerating, It is urgent that government has to support a necessary policy and a flexible development of culture content to effectively spread UHD TV. On May 5, 2010, Korea Communications Commission already promised to introduce UHD broadcasting system to invigorate a local broadcasting and communication market while KCC announced top-ten future services of broadcasting and communication. To its disappointment, the market has not got a great result yet. Above all, government, companies and consumers have to exchange and meditate opinions constantly to find desirable solutions. This study aims at searching for more effective and versatile application to expand UHD TV and evaluate consumer's feedback. Based on the objective data on the current situation of the world wide UHD TV distribution and specific methods for solving challengeable issues, the research will find out more active approach to inducing government support and motivating content makers. Hopefully, the study result will make a helpful suggestion for government, company and UHD content makers.

Regulating local content on Australian radio: Can it restore local radio in an era of convergence?

Abstract In 1932 when the Australian government established the ABC as the national broadcaster, it expected commercial radio to fill the gaps left by the ABC and become the local broadcaster. For regional commercial radio operators, the idea of the local has been embraced when required and rejected when provided the opportunity under deregulation. When radio was deregulated in 1992, the government anticipated that market forces would create diversity and competition. However, deregulation resulted in a concentration of ownership and a perceived lack of diversity and localism by audiences and parliamentary committees. After a lengthy period of deregulation that allowed radio licence holders to create networks in regional Australia without hindrance, the Broadcasting Services Act 1992 (Cwlth) (BSA 1992) was amended in 2007. The then Federal government, led by Prime Minister John Howard, put in place rather prescriptive legislation that set out the requirement for commercial radio licensees to broadcast material of local significance and provide minimum levels of local content. Out of these circumstances some questions arise. First, did this legislation come too late? Second, what is local in the digital age and how do we define it? Finally, is it possible to regulate local content with the impending arrival of Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB+) into regional Australia? This article examines whether such prescriptive conditions for regulating local content in response to increased networking in this era of convergence and DAB can restore the concept of local to both networked radio and the community that depends on it. Can radio in its networked form satisfy the desire to embrace the benefits of being local?

Understanding low colorectal cancer screening uptake in South Asian faith communities in England--a qualitative study.

BackgroundColorectal cancer screening uptake within the South Asian population in England is approximately half that of the general population (33 % vs 61 %), and varies by Muslim (31.9 %), Sikh (34.6 %) and Hindu (43.7 %) faith background. This study sought to explore reasons for low uptake of CRC screening in South Asian communities and for the variability of low uptake between three faith communities; and to identify strategies by which uptake might be improved.MethodsWe interviewed 16 ‘key informants’ representing communities from the three largest South Asian faith backgrounds (Islam, Hinduism and Sikhism) in London, England.ResultsReasons for low colorectal cancer screening uptake were overwhelmingly shared across South Asian faith groups. These were: limitations posed by written English; limitations posed by any written language; reliance on younger family members; low awareness of colorectal cancer and screening; and difficulties associated with faeces. Non-written information delivered verbally and interactively within faith or community settings was preferred across faith communities.ConclusionsEfforts to increase accessibility to colorectal cancer screening in South Asian communities should use local language broadcasts on ethnic media and face-to-face approaches within community and faith settings to increase awareness of colorectal cancer and screening, and address challenges posed by written materials.

Expectations and Reality Towards Local Broadcast Development Council : A Critical Approach about Local Broadcast Development & Support Plan

Expectations and Reality Towards Local Broadcast Development Council : A Critical Approach about Local Broadcast Development & Support Plan

A distributed low tree-depth decomposition algorithm for bounded expansion classes

We study the distributed low tree-depth decomposition problem for graphs restricted to a bounded expansion class. Low tree-depth decomposition have been introduced in 2006 and have found quite a few applications. For example it yields a linear-time model checking algorithm for graphs in a bounded expansion class. Recall that bounded expansion classes cover classes of graphs of bounded degree, of planar graphs, of graphs of bounded genus, of graphs of bounded treewidth, of graphs that exclude a fixed minor, and many other graphs. There is a sequential algorithm to compute low tree-depth decomposition (with bounded number of colors) in linear time. In this paper, we give the first efficient distributed algorithm for this problem. As it is usual for a symmetry breaking problem, we consider a synchronous model, and as we are interested in a deterministic algorithm, we use the usual assumption that each vertex has a distinct identity number. We consider the distributed message-passing $$\mathcal {CONGEST}_\mathrm{BC}$$CONGESTBC model, in which messages have logarithmic length and only local broadcast are allowed. In this model, we present a logarithmic time distributed algorithm for computing a low tree-depth decomposition of graphs in a fixed bounded expansion class. In the sequential centralized case low tree-depth decomposition linear time algorithm are used as a core procedure in several non-trivial linear time algorithms. We believe that, similarly, low tree-depth decomposition could be at the heart of several non-trivial logarithmic time algorithms.

Results and Performance Analysis of Local Broadcast Algorithms in Wireless Ad hoc Networks: Reducing the Number of Transmissions

Among Many fundamental communication primitives in wireless ad hoc network, flooding in wireless ad hoc network reduces the number of transmission in network and it plays a significant role in which every node transmits the message after receiving it for the first time. To successfully reducing the number of transmissions of broadcast that are required to achieve full delivery and constant approximation to the optimum solution without using exact position information of node. This paper presents two main approaches such as static and dynamic to broadcast algorithm in wireless ad hoc network. In static approach node status depends on local topology and priority function of node using this approach it can’t guarantee both full delivery and constant approximation if node exact position information isn’t available. On other hand in dynamic approach if node exact position information is available or not they can achieve both full delivery and constant approximation to their optimum solution using their partial 2-hop hybrid algorithm.

A Print Crisis or a Local Crisis?

Local news is a crucial source of information, as well as a force for cohesion and an arena for debate in local societies. Consequently, it is important to reveal the transformation processes happening among local news audiences. All Western countries are facing a newspaper crisis. It is not, however, entirely obvious whether the crisis is a business model crisis for newspapers in general or only a local news crisis. Our aim is to analyse the consumption of newspapers and other local news media in the light of generational changes, through an annual, longitudinal survey conducted since 1986. The findings indicate that there is neither a print crisis, nor a local crisis, but a general newspaper crisis. The readership for both print and online newspapers is decreasing even as local broadcast news exhibits a rather more stable audience. Free daily newspapers seem to have faced the same kind of challenge as the paid-for daily newspapers, but the critical turning point occurred later and for different reasons. When analysing the transformation processes from a generational perspective, it is evident that the youngest generation in our society is abandoning newspapers, regardless of the form in which they are published, and the rate of decline has increased.

Konstruksi Realitas Siaran Berita pada Televisi Lokal

The research generally aims to know the reality of journalists and television media in local television news. This is a descriptive study through a qualitative approach. Techniques of data collection are done through observation, in-depth interviews with key informants (key person), which is leading people in the editorial, the coordinator of the coverage, presenter of news, finance and human resource development and master of ceremony room ATV Sukabumi. The survey results revealed that to serve a local television news required reporting from journalists. Before the news broadcast gets edit of journalists, the coordinator of the coverage and the editor in chief as the elaboration of filtering journalist and chief editor of coverage as the owner of a local television media. So that, a local television news broadcast can not avoid the subjective element of the journalists and media owners who are part of the construction.

Dependency and Exclusion : Internal Colonialism and Local Broadcasting in Korea

Dependency and Exclusion : Internal Colonialism and Local Broadcasting in Korea

An Analysis of the Broadcasting Companies' Horizontal Merger : focusing on local broadcasting coverage expansion of MSO from 2001 to 2014

An Analysis of the Broadcasting Companies' Horizontal Merger : focusing on local broadcasting coverage expansion of MSO from 2001 to 2014

The lost history of jazz on early Australian popular music television

This article seeks to develop existing cultural histories of genre and broadcasting in Australia. I argue that jazz was present on early music television but its history as such has been lost, and by extension, the genre’s contribution to broader popular music legacies in Australia has been overlooked. The article draws on original production documents for the pioneering local public service broadcaster program, Six O’Clock Rock, a programme from the late 1950s and early 1960s that featured an equal mix of jazz and pop/rock during its debut season. This mix was later replaced with a more homogeneous rock and pop schedule; however the question of why jazz was replaced has yet to be addressed.

Birmingham, Alabama 8; Birmingham, UK 1: Local television in the United Kingdom and an ethnographic case study of one service in the north of England

Abstract Local television has existed in one form or another for several decades in the United Kingdom with the first licences awarded in 1972 and subsequent waves of licensing over cable and later broadband networks throughout the 1980s and 1990s. In 2011, as the digital switchover drew to a close, the incoming coalition government launched a new framework to establish the United Kingdom’s first digital terrestrial network of local public service broadcasters. Building on decades of campaigning by pro-local media providers, but triggered by a withdrawal from local news and programming by the recently consolidated ITV plc, the then Secretary of State Jeremy Hunt M. P. argued erroneously that local TV markets in the United States were flourishing. At time of writing, 34 licences have been awarded (and the Birmingham licence re-awarded when the first licensee collapsed before launch); seventeen services have begun broadcasting; and several have failed to launch within the regulator’s two-year deadline. This article provides a brief history of local television in the United Kingdom, and describes the current policy, licensing process and early developments within the fledgling industry. It then presents an ethnographic case study of an emergent local TV service in the north of England, including interviews with practitioners, observations and analysis of broadcast content and schedules. The study argues that local TV has the potential to serve as a powerful engine of capital transformation, developing local stocks of economic, social, cultural and political capital, but that this potential is severely limited by inadequate funding regimes and heightened vulnerability to bias.

Bounded-Contention Coding for the additive network model

Efficient communication in wireless networks is typically challenged by the possibility of interference among several transmitting nodes. Much important research has been invested in decreasing the number of collisions in order to obtain faster algorithms for communication in such networks. This paper proposes a novel approach for wireless communication, which embraces collisions rather than avoiding them, over an additive channel. It introduces a coding technique called Bounded-Contention Coding (BCC) that allows collisions to be successfully decoded by the receiving nodes into the original transmissions and whose complexity depends on a bound on the contention among the transmitters. BCC enables deterministic local broadcast in a network with \(n\) nodes and at most \(a\) transmitters with information of \(\ell \) bits each within \(O(a\log {n}+a\ell )\) bits of communication with full-duplex radios, and \(O((a\log {n}+a\ell )(\log {n}))\) bits, with high probability, with half-duplex radios. When combined with random linear network coding, BCC gives global broadcast within \(O((D+a+\log {n})(a\log {n}+\ell ))\) bits, with high probability. This also holds in dynamic networks that can change arbitrarily over time by a worst-case adversary. When no bound on the contention is given, it is shown how to probabilistically estimate it and obtain global broadcast that is adaptive to the true contention in the network.

Comprehensive and analytical meta-analysis of studies on local broadcasting

본 연구는 지역방송 연구의 ‘주제’에 관한 종합적 메타분석과 함께 지역방송 ‘활성화’에 초점을 맞춰 분석적 메타분석을 실시했다. 종합적 메타분석은 지역방송과 밀접한 관계에 있는 4개 학회가 발간하는 6개 등재학술지에 2014년 10월까지 게재된 논문 62편을 대상으로 삼았다. 이 가운데 지역방송 활성화와 관련된 논문 18편은 분석적 메타분석의 대상이 되었다. 그 결과 지역방송 연구의 양적 빈곤이 두드러지게 나타난 가운데 당위적?규범적 성격의 논문이 주를 이루었다. 이 두 현상은 독립적이라기보다 후자가 전자의 원인으로 작용하는 양상이었다. 한국적 환경에서 당위적?규범적 성격의 정책?법제 연구로 흐르기 쉬운 지역방송 연구의 특수성을 감안할 때 형식과 절차를 중시하는 학계의 풍토는 학술 생태계 다양성과 현실세계 개선 측면에서 달라져야 한다. 이에 조응해 지역방송 연구도 다양한 갈래로 주제가 분화되고, 접근과 분석 역시 참신하고 정치(精緻)한 방향으로 나아가야 할 것이다.

Hacking Radio History’s Data: Station Call Signs, Digitized Magazines, and Scaled Entity Search

This article uses scaled entity search (SES), a data mining technique and interpretive framework, to study the historically dynamic role of local radio broadcasters in the United States. The authors model the technique by searching for more than two thousand individual radio call letters and discussing the call signs with the highest number of page hits, with critical attention to the meaning of those results within the 1.6 million page digitized corpus of the Media History Digital Library. They also detail the strategies of one of the top-trending stations, WCCO Minneapolis, to distinguish itself in the broadcasting marketplace through the trade press. The authors conclude that WCCO’s emphasis on various aspects of the local market through facts and figures, constructions of local market identity, and relationships with sponsors instantiated a larger trend on the part of local broadcasters to position themselves favorably to advertisers and other industry participants.

Children and Adolescents in the Media: the Veneto Region Case Study

In our paper, we investigate the role of the media, specifically local television stations, in producing a shared culture of infancy and adolescence. We pursue this inquiry by analysing the varying representations of the under-aged, disseminated by local TV channels in the Veneto Region. We discuss the ways in which the television stations portray the under-aged, the presence and the role of children and adolescents in the local news and broadcasting, the status accredited to them and their role in the narrations that relate to them. We pursue this inquiry by analysing the varying representations of the under-aged, disseminated by local TV channels in the Veneto Region. The research was conducted within a Convention among the Regional Committee for Communications (Co.Re.Com.) of the Veneto region and the Interdepartmental Centre of Research on the North-East 'Giorgio Lago' of the University of Padua. In greater detail, we monitored the local news and the programmes transmitted during the restricted time-slot scheduling (reserved for minors, 4 p.m. - 7 p.m.) of 7 regional TV stations during the week of Monday 24th February to Sunday 2 nd March 2014.

Effects of Vertex Insertion on Local Rescheduling in Wireless Sensor Networks

Rescheduling has abundant issues yet to be explored. The local rescheduling problem in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been firstly addressed and investigated in this paper. The algorithms of local rescheduling have been proposed and evaluates the performance of reschedule solutions with different metrics. The solutions have to be under the limitation that the network should stay connected after the process of rescheduling. This paper introduces a theoretical bound of maximum degree after node insertion. Along with empirical results in real world settings, the results motivate the design of algorithms and give possible reasons why existing rescheduling algorithms do not work efficiently. Two local link rescheduling algorithms and one local broadcast rescheduling algorithm are developed as improvements. With different node densities and other critical parameters, simulations show that the developed algorithms greatly improve the ratio of finding proper solutions successfully in both types of scheduling compared with other existing simple algorithms.

Does meta-linguistic awareness play any role at the beginning of an ongoing sound change? The case of some vowel-ended verbs in Catalan

As Ohala (1989) pointed out, in any language there exists variation in the pronunciation of words that is not recognized by speakers. Furthermore, several studies from subfields of linguistics and psychology (Preston, 1989; Markham, 1999; Williams, Garret and Coupland, 1999) provide evidence of individuals’ ability to perceive and encode the variability of what is heard around them. Apart from that, phonological awareness is an important part of the oral language acquisition process, which is directly related to schooling and learning grammar. Finally, as Labov (2001) stated, linguistic insecurity may be regarded as an aspect of social mobility rather than of social insecurity, and it seems that linguistic insecurity is shaped by social and geographic dialects and education (Baron, 1976). Taking this background into account, this paper investigates an ongoing sound change through the analysis of speaker perceptions via a series of awareness and discrimination tasks and observations of meta-linguistic awareness. The informants analyzed are speakers of the Lleidatà dialect, a Western variety of Catalan. The ongoing sound change studied concerns the productive variability of the ending (i.e. [e ]/ [E ]) in different verb tenses, such as canta ‘she/he sings’ or cantava ‘she/he used to sing’. This ending has been traditionally pronounced [e ]; however, nowadays it is starting to be pronounced [E ]. The analysis of the perception of this phenomenon sheds light on the fact that the prestige of the new vowel [E ] (spread through schooling and local broadcasting) is linked to more linguistically innovative and insecure speakers. Those included in this group are subjects who have both knowledge of written Catalan and a higher sociocultural status.

Peran Pengelola Radio Komunitas dalam Mengembangkan Siaran Kearifan Lokal

Facing the wave of globalization, community radio as broadcast industry with local content, are required awareness to increase local wisdom in every aspect of life particularly culture aspect. Therefore management of community radio need to understand local wisdom for implemented in packaging content. The problem is how management of community radio in developing local wisdom broadcast, the purpose of this research is to find out the role of community radio management in development local wisdom broadcast. This research is qualitative, purposively informan selection, data collection technique by interview, observation, and documentation. The result show that the role of community radio management in developing local wisdom broadcast is realized in form of local wisdom broadcast in community radio is the featured broadcast program. Programs and broadcasts local wisdom in the form of the local culture, manifested through broadcast programs compiled and presented in a packed agenda that creatively with interactive concept.