Literary Art Research Articles

DECLARATIVE AND IMPERATIVE MOOD IN LIR-ILIR SONG

Javanese songs as a traditional literary art that are currently very close to the lives of Javanese people are becoming less and less popular. Since that time, the popularity of traditional songs began to be replaced by modern songs. Preserving these traditional songs is crucial because they hold significant cultural and emotional value. The Lir-Ilir song is a traditional song created by Sunan Kalijaga as part of the effort to spread Islam in Java in the early 16th century. This research aimed to understand the interpersonal meaning and identify mood types of the Lir-Ilir song. The research was conducted using a qualitative method, which explains the research results with description and not with statistics. Therefore, The results showed that there were two types of mood, namely declarative and imperative, and 50% declarative mood and 50% imperative mood were found. This showed that the songwriter gave a combination of statements and commands, which meant that this song gave a message and invited listeners to take action according to the message of the song.

Leaps in the dark

This study investigates how the desire to ascertain a sense of place for Black, Caribbean diasporic subjects living on Indigenous lands can be pursued through respectful engagement with Indigenous literary art. Although returning to our own ancestral homes may not be possible, I argue, as a diasporic person myself, that it is possible for diasporic subjects to find meaning and belonging on the Indigenous lands of Aotearoa, New Zealand and what is now known as Canada through analysis of works like the bone people by Māori author Keri Hulme and Monkey Beach by Haisla author Eden Robinson. Drawing upon each text’s use of narrative, incorporation of Indigenous language, and depiction of tradition, I develop frameworks towards finding belonging whilst respecting Māori and Haisla lifeways. Both personal experience and textual analysis colour this research, which was spurred by a longing for place as a subject of the Black, Caribbean diaspora. This paper argues that humble engagement with Māori and Haisla knowledges, as elicited by Hulme and Robinson’s novels, can contribute to a greater sense of belonging for such diasporic subjects to decolonizing ends. The paper focuses on place as a fluid concept, the importance of humility when engaging with Indigenous knowledge and practices, and the acceptance of Indigenous education without expectation of mastery. Belonging is not a rigid concept, and this paper is not a guidebook, but a launching pad towards a lifetime of learning, unlearning, change and acceptance.

One Unconscious Talking to Another Unconscious Through Photography: Notes from the Creative Literary Arts Editor

One Unconscious Talking to Another Unconscious Through Photography: Notes from the Creative Literary Arts Editor

Key Aspects of the Translation of Works of the Epic Genre from English to Russian

The article explores the key aspects of translating epic genre works from English to Russian. Translating epic texts is a complex task that requires not only linguistic skills but also a deep understanding of cultural context and artistic devices. The article discusses methods and strategies aimed at preserving cultural features, rhythm, and melodiousness, as well as ways of conveying metaphors and images. Studying these issues can contribute to a broader understanding of the relationship between language, culture, and literary art.

Mirror of Self and the World: Magical Realism and Power Dynamics in Indonesia Literature

Magical realism in literary art is often only understood in a limited way as an aesthetic element, without taking into account the depth of the symbolic meaning contained in it. In addition, the merger between magical elements and everyday reality is often not fully explored, so the potential for the narrative that can be generated is lost. This research aims to analyze the use of elements of magical realism in contemporary literary art and uncover how these elements enrich literary narratives. This research uses hermeneutic methods to explore the symbolic meanings hidden behind magical elements in literary artworks. Through a hermeneutic approach, the selected works of art are deeply analyzed through literary description, contextual interpretation, and critical reflection, with a focus on how these magical elements are integrated into literary narratives. The results show that the elements of magical realism not only enrich literary narratives, but also create a deeper and more complex experience for the audience, by blurring the boundaries between reality and fantasy. The implication of this study is that magical realism can be used effectively in contemporary literary art to create narratives that are not only aesthetically beautiful but also rich in philosophical and symbolic meaning.

INTERPRETATION OF LITERARY WORKS IN THE CHOREOGRAPHIC ART OF UKRAINE OF THE 20TH – EARLY 21ST CENTURIES

The article deals with the determining role of the primary literary source on the Ukrainian theme in the creation of ballets. This made it possible to assert that at the junction of various arts, choreography and its special plastic form contribute to the creation of new avant-garde forms of art, thereby realizing the richest artistic potential of the direction. Based on this, it becomes clear that the relationship between literary and choreographic arts is close, because it affects the enrichment of the ballet repertoire. Creating a choreographic work based on a literary background is one of the most important achievements of choreography.The artistic integrity of choreographic works forms the basis of the principle of art synthesis. The author of the article determined the important role of Ukrainian dance in creating a choreographic performance based on a literary source, because Ukrainian choreographic art is noted for its inexhaustible wealth of dance colors, emotional fervor, subtle folk humor and sincerity of performance, therefore creating a choreographic work based on literary works, especially on national themes, which is an auxiliary factor for activating the harmonious interrelationship of the specified time, space and transmitted events of the work with the means of stage and everyday dance vocabulary. The aim. The purpose and task of the article is to show the interpretation of literary works in the Ukrainian choreographic art of the 20th and early 21 centuries. Research methodology. A content-comparative method for comparing the works of researchers in different fields, the method of historicism - for researching a phenomenon within specific chronological limits, the method of generalization - for identifying the common and different points of view of scientists on the phenomenon under study. Research results: however, in the Ukrainian ballet theater of the late 50s of the 20th century, new aesthetic principles began to dominate, which were of great importance for the development of all musical and choreographic creativity. It is about rejecting prosaic plausibility as the only way to reproduce the truth of life on stage, restoring the hegemony of dance in the system of expressive means. In the ballet work of Ukrainian artists, the direction towards the heroization of the genre, the tendency towards the epic type of drama and the wide use of folklore becomes noticeable. Conclusion. In the process of working on the embodiment of a literary work or an image, the dramaturgy has the ability to change, develop, acquire specific features and details, the dramaturgy becomes alive, filled and exciting for the viewer. The ballet master’s solution to the embodiment of the literary source is embodied by the ballet dancers, who bring it to the audience with their art. The development and enrichment of choreographic art, the search for new forms, in this way, we observe in a creative union with adjacent muses, in interaction with other arts, where choreography does not dissolve in them, but while keeping its face, makes a fruitful contribution to the development of this union. The artistic integrity characteristic of the best choreographic works is based on the principle of synthesis of arts. Forms and means of dance-plastic action, principles of music-choreography dramaturgy, which allow to create works commensurate with the outstanding achievements of other arts, were formed in this experience. The key to the success of choreographic art is the mastery and development of this experience.

인공지능 문학의 가능성과 한계에 대한 연구

Today, the Fourth Industrial Revolution is accelerating with the development of ICT and AI, and people are enjoying benefits such as “biological human enhancement” through various advanced technologies. However, there are also concerns that the advancement of science and technology may shrink the realm of human creativity. This study explores the possibilities and limitations of AI's ability to create literary art. Since the first AI-authored literary attempt in 1984, AI's ability to create literature has improved by leaps and bounds with the introduction of deep learning. GPT-3, in particular, has learned far more text and 175 billion parameters than its predecessors, resulting in a remarkable linguistic ability. GPT-3 can produce text that is virtually indistinguishable from human writing, and some researchers describe it as creative, witty, deep, and beautiful. However, there are questions about GPT-3's capabilities. GPT-3 is limited to generating text based on existing works, does not form a coherent narrative, and requires guidance from a human user. It has also been criticized that GPT-3 plays a “probability game,” choosing words based on statistical probabilities, which is inherently different from human creation. Nevertheless, GPT-3's creations often contain compelling and eye-catching parts. In the creation of literary works, novelty is divided into novelty in the “story” and novelty in the “telling” of the story. A story requires a “fictional world” that includes characters and events, and to create a finished story is to create a fictional world. The narrative technique or style is telling, which refers to the author's distinctive style. It is still useful to examine whether AI can reach each stage. While AI may be able to imitate some forms, the question remains whether its output will have lasting and unique formal characteristics. The technology for creating AI poetry involves entering keywords based on a language model, extracting.

Madness and Crime: Anguish Zone of Crazy Seven by Roberto Arlt

This analysis focuses on Augusto Remo Erdosain, who is the main character of Crazy Seven and The flamethrowers. The introduction offers an approach to the literary artifice of Roberto Arlt from the zone of anguish. Here, 3 main axes are mentioned to understand the significance of the novel: (a) Urban daily life, where a hybrid language, a bureaucratic shield, a capitalist morality and a peculiar aesthetic are integrated; (b) the petty-bourgeoisie, is identified through cowardice, pathos and hypocrisy; (c) Marginality, all the reflectors point to this narrative niche because that is where the vanguard of the novel lies. The paradox of continuous humiliation refers to the adverse conditions from which the characters intend to emerge victorious, but end up facing circumstances of greater collapse. The second part of the article characterizes crime as a trivialized procedure, since Erdosain concludes: to kill someone, rob a bank or detonate a bomb, it is enough to become a courageous beast. The third phase constitutes the most provocative proposal of Roberto Arlt: madness as a piece of artistic exhibition. Consequently, Roberto Arlt not only transcribed the sensations, emotions and singularities of a gloomy city, his work ended up setting the themes of urban narrative.

Digitizing literature teaching materials through the AnyFlip application

Literature is considered a refined and aesthetic literary art (Ali Ahmad, 1994). However, it can be understood that Malay literature is a reflection of society. Literature is also seen as a medium utilized by authors to convey ideologies, experiences, thoughts, and knowledge in a concrete form. Literary works function as education, teaching, and aesthetic satisfaction. Therefore, literary works are crucial to be highlighted as primary reading materials because they are rich in knowledge. Works produced by National Laureates, for example, have significant meanings that need interpretation. Indirectly, they are important in shaping the character of society. On the other hand, literature seems to be marginalized and looked down upon. Literary works are often considered boring, lacking commercial value, and using language that is difficult to understand. The lack of teaching aids is also criticized as one of the factors making it difficult for students to review in a more systematic way. This study was conducted to change the public perception of literature and make literature learning more accessible, easier, and less boring. The study explores learning innovation through the AnyFlip digital book. It focused on award-winning short stories by National Laureates, including "Angin Timur Laut" (1969) by S.Othman Kelantan, "Gunung" (1988) by Shahnon Ahmad, "Perjalanan Terakhir" (1971) by Anwar Ridhwan, and "Darah dan Airmata" (1984) by Keris Mas. A quantitative method, using a survey instrument in Google Forms, was conducted on 26 part time students of JMK221, Modern Malay Fiction at the School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia. The study was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) system. The study found that digital short stories had a positive impact on students. This acceptance proves that literary materials should be updated to attract the interest of students, particularly Generation Z, and that literary knowledge can be delivered more efficiently and interactively.

НАПИСАНИЕ СЦЕНАРИЯ КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ БИБЛИОТЕРАПИИ

In addition to individual or shared therapeutic reading, creative writing is a common part of bibliotherapy, which deals with the use of literary arts for preventive and therapeutic purposes. Often this involves the professional writing of stories, essays, poems and other literary works, therapeutic diaries and therapeutic letters with a therapeutic-educational purpose, with the aim of processing experiences and memories after the fact. The paper discusses life script writing as an important part of the therapeutic instrumentation used in therapeutic-educational oriented bibliotherapy. It is about the conscious creative shaping of one's own life story in the immediate future here and now. The paper is loosely connected to the paper Literary Art in Therapeutic Education, which was published in the last issue of Medicine & Art (3/2023); therefore, some terms that have been used before are not reexplained in this paper. It is intended for experts who are interested in bibliotherapy and imagination as tools for mobilizing a person's internal healing powers to support their health and well-being.

Kendine Zarar Verme Davranışının İnşa Edilmiş Doğası: Eleştirel Bir Değerlendirme

Despite the increasing interest in self-harm behaviors after 1980, comprehensive approaches regarding the definition, classification, reasons for preference, and motivations that sustain such behaviors have not been established. This situation has led individuals who engage in self-harm behaviors to encounter negative attitudes and behaviors such as stigmatization and unqualified service provision. In order to minimize negative attitudes and behaviors, all professional groups who are in contact with individuals engaging in self-harm behaviors need to consider their own personal, cultural, political, and intellectual backgrounds. The aim of the current study is to discuss the ambiguity, fluidity, and permeability of the boundaries between pathologically classified self-harm behaviors and socio-cultural or artistically approved self-harming acts. In this regard, definitions of self-harm behaviors have been critically evaluated to encourage awareness of the socially constructed nature of self-injury and to call for reflective practices. Self-harming acts embedded in literary texts, cultural practices, and art performances have been explored for this purpose. As a result, there are multiple individual and cultural meanings attached to what self-harm is, and no meaning takes precedence over the other because all meanings are historically and culturally relative. When this relativity, contextuality, and fluidity are understood, it will be realized that self-harm behaviors are not marginal but even common human experiences. This awareness can enable reflective and empathic practices that are important in increasing individuals’ self-care capacities and enhancing their well-being in self-harm behaviors.

ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЕ СВЯЗИ И ВЛИЯНИЕ АЗЕРБАЙДЖАНСКОЙ ДРАМАТУРГИИ НА УЗБЕКСКИЙ ТЕАТР В ХХ ВЕКЕ

This study examines the connection between Eastern dramaturgy and Uzbek theatre through the perspectives of thinkers, including Nizami, Bekhbudi, and Fitrat. Notable pioneers of Azerbaijani drama, such as M.F. Akhundov and G. Javid, play a significant role in this context. Special attention is given to G. Javid, whose works, such as "Sheyda", "Sheikh Senan", "Iblis", were successfully staged on the Uzbek stage in the 1920s. Research by scholars such as S. Aliyev and Sh. Turdyev underscores the broad popularity of G. Javid's works among the Uzbek people. Archive data and testimonies of Uzbek artists also highlight the important role of Azerbaijani drama in shaping the Uzbek theatrical scene. Furthermore, the study reflects the influence of scholars and artists from Azerbaijan on the local theatrical and literary arts through their presence in educational institutions in Uzbekistan.`

FEATURES OF FUNCTIONING OF EXPRESSIVE REDUCED VOCABULARY IN CONTEMPORARY FICTION TEXTS

This article is devoted to the consideration of the category of expressiveness and its embodiment in literary language and art text. Expressive lexical units belonging to the reduced lexicon in fiction works of the first quarter of the 21st century (“Textˮ by Dmitry Glukhovsky, “Earthˮ by Mikhail Elizarov and “Hijackingˮ by Danil Korecki) are singled out and their functions are determined. The analysis is carried out on the material of various lexicographic editions, among which both explanatory dictionaries and highly specialised dictionaries (dictionaries of argot, jargon) are used. The most common functions that were identified in the context of the named works are the following: characterisation of the linguistic picture of the world of the hero and the author, the “anti-aestheticˮ artistic picture of the world of the author (author’s intention) and a means of characterisation of the character – speech or author’s when using non- self-directed speech. It is indicative that some functions can be combined in the text, which is confirmed by the examples from contemporary works of fiction given in the article. It is concluded that the use of reduced expressive vocabulary in the modern fiction text demonstrates both general linguistic processes and methods of creating artistic imagery, the specificity of which is associated with a kind of “anti-aestheticˮ.

Forgotten names: Kashshaf Patii

The article studies Kashshaf Patii’s work, identifying the development features of his poetry in the context of literary and aesthetic thought of the early twentieth century. As research shows, the educational paradigm contributes to the formation of a poetic concept of the world, the concept of a lyrical hero and motifs in his works. Tracing the main trends in the development of Kashshaf Patii’s poetry and the main periods of his work, we identify the features of the development of national literature of the early twentieth century as a whole and determine general and specific aspects in the patterns of the national literary art development. This determines the relevance of our work. It is for the first time that the work of Kashshaf Patii has become the object of a systematic study and literary analysis. It is the first study about the life and creative biography of the poet. As a result of the study, we conclude that Patii’s first works put forward the idea of developing Tatar society on the basis of education, knowledge and culture; their dominant motif is Tatar society’s call for social transformation. At the same time, romantic techniques predominate in the artistic and aesthetic aspects. This indicates that the poet’s work belongs to educational romanticism. At the second stage of his work, the author reflects on the mission of the poet and poetry in the context of classical romanticism - on the highest values in the world, while serving the nation is interpreted as divine predestination. The alienated lyrical hero, experiencing loneliness, comes to the fore in his philosophical lyrical poetry.

On the Eastern style of thinking in A. Bely’s theory of symbolism

RELEVANCE. The study is devoted to understanding and identifying the significance of the eastern style of philosophy and aesthetics of Taoism in the work of the prominent representative of Russian symbolism Andrey Bely (Boris Nikolaevich Bugaev), who determined the development of the literary process (modernist and post-modernist movements) and art of the first third of the 20th century and influenced the further development Russian literature. The purpose of the study is to show the conceptual content of the aesthetic thought of the Russian philosopher and symbolist poet through the prism of Taoism and to clarify the presence of Eastern traditional wisdom (“Tao Te Ching”) in the construction of A. Bely’s theory of symbolism.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The research material was the collected works of A. Bely. The translation of the book “Tao Te Ching” written by the great Chinese thinker Lao Tzu, presented for the first time for the Russian-speaking reader, was used.” When solving research problems, a description method with the interpretive function of language was used, that is, a method of studying the interpretation of knowledge about the world. In our case, the interpretation of Taoism is focused on the interpretive activity of an individual creative personality, which always presupposes the subjective selectivity of the word.RESULT AND DISCUSSION. An analysis of the work of A. Bely showed that in reflecting the problems of the symbol, the philosophical principles of symbolism, in addition to two sources, they participate: on the one hand, the ideas of the Slavophiles, arising from the philosophy of V. Solovyov, on the other hand, the system of Western philosophy (the ideas of A. Schopenhauer and F. Nietzsche), a reflection of the creative borrowing of Eastern wisdom, ideas and functions of Chinese literature. The originality of the imaginative thinking of the Russian symbolist poet, who, in accordance with his spiritual nature, followed his bright creative path, is reflected in the development of the artistic method – symbolism.CONCLUSION. The idea of A. Bely’s symbolism is based on the compatibility of the concepts of various thinkers, including philosophizing in the Taoist style. A. Bely created a unified symbolic picture of the world - the unification of artistic, aesthetic, religious, mystical and everyday ideas and knowledge about the world into one whole. The connecting sign of this unification is the Symbol, which has a pronounced authorial character, has an infinity of boundaries of value, and not a semantic individual interpretation of the word and broadcasts the manifestation of systemic pluralism, revealing the essence of the world and being.

Key Terms and Definitions in Balāǧat

The science of balāǧat, an Eastern classical subject within philology, was fully systematized in the 12th century by Khorezmian scholar Abu Yāqub Yūsuf as-Sakkākī (1160-1229). This article analyzes the content of balāǧat, demonstrating that it is a discipline focused on the rules and methods for expressing meaning through properly structured phonetics, morphology, lexicon, semantics, and syntax, in a manner appropriate to the context. It identifies the core components of the balāǧat system as lafẓ (word), kalām (speech), meaning, phrase, condition (situation), speaker (mutakallim), and addressee (muḫātab). The article explains that the science of ma‘ānī explores how to craft speech (kalām) suitable to the circumstances dictated by the situation; the science of bayān covers methods and principles for elucidating a single meaning through various ways and identifying signs directly related to the meaning; and the section known as badī‘ examines artistic devices, or "literary arts," which are now a focus in literary criticism and the study of poetic language.

‘Counting fry under a waterfall’: the history, development, and current use of the Small Press Collections at University College London

ABSTRACT University College London Special Collections holds the Small Press Collections consisting of the Little Magazines, Alternative Presses, and Poetry Store of poetry pamphlets, artist’s books, and other text bearing print objects. This essay outlines the history and growth of the collections, founded by Geoffrey Soar in 1964, and starts by exploring the networks essential to the development of a large collection of international, independently published literary and visual art material. I draw on fifteen years’ experience as Collection Manager to examine the challenges of acquiring, cataloguing, and managing non-mainstream, self-published, ephemeral material in an institutional context and facilitating access for researchers. It considers selected comparable collections in the UK and the US and the difficulties in aligning institutional holdings and practices. The notions of materiality and obsolescence in the context of library collections are considered in relation to mimeographed and other format little magazines and small press publications. It concludes with examples of object-based learning scenarios that reactivate the material in a teaching and research context.

Kaleidoscope of a Self: Byron’s Ravenna Journal

The Ravenna Journal (written 4 January – 27 February 1821) documents a critical and complex period of Byron’s life. In light of the codependent and fluid relationship between Byron’s poetry and prose, this essay explores the literary value and poetics of the Journal and its function as a testing ground for Byron’s experimentation with style, tone, and language. I also place the Journal within Byronic self-representation and the era’s strong autobiographical impulse and suggest that the diary does not only reflect on the poetry/politics dilemma but reveals versions of Byron’s selfhood in a kaleidoscopic mode, one which resembles the make-up of Don Juan . In this way, the narrated self emerges as a refracted identity and an aggregate of moods and contradictions which, however, interrelate and are given shape and purpose through the regularity and conventions of the journal. Despite the limitations and challenges it poses to the reader due to its mediated and excised form, the essay argues that the Ravenna Journal enhances our understanding of the Byronic self and enriches our appreciation of the literary artistry of Byron’s prose.

Bots and Books: How Artificial Intelligence is Shaping Contemporary Literature

The coming of the robotized millennium has brought about a period of time in which artificial intelligence (AI) has a significant impact on many facets of existence for humans, including the literary arts. This research paper explores the various ways that AI is changing the field of literature. AI has had a significant and all-encompassing impact on literature, from the development of new forms of literary expression to the improvement of conventional writing techniques. The examination of literature produced by AI takes up a large amount of the paper. It highlights noteworthy endeavors and projects that use AI to produce literary works, from poetry collections to novels in their entirety. The paper explores the distinctive features of AI-generated literature, such as its stylistic inclinations, thematic concerns, and structural patterns, through case studies of texts written by AI. It also discusses how these works have been received critically, illustrating the various viewpoints held by readers, academics, and literary critics regarding the significance and uniqueness of texts created by artificial intelligence. The collaborative potential of AI in the process of creating literature is further examined in this work. It looks at how modern poets and writers are using AI tools to improve their creative processes, from coming up with ideas and getting beyond writer's block to trying out novel narrative structures and styles. The study offers insights into the useful applications and advantages of artificial intelligence (AI) in literature through surveys and interviews with authors who have used AI into their creative processes It looks forward to more developments in AI technology and how they can transform the literary industry. It provides a nuanced view of the future of literary creativity in the robotized millennium by highlighting the opportunities and problems posed by AI in the literary arena. The research advances knowledge about AI's influence on the direction of literature by combining historical study, current case studies, and futuristic conjecture.

Innovation of Augmented Reality (AR) Technology Applications Android based for Learning Indonesian Language Especially Learning Literary Arts

Innovation of Augmented Reality (AR) Technology Applications Android based for Learning Indonesian Language Especially Learning Literary Arts