Listeria Denitrificans Research Articles

Characterization of microorganisms from Sitakunda hot spring

Water, leaf, stone and sand samples from Sitakunda hot spring were studied and the microorganisms isolated from these samples were thoroughly characterized. The pH of the collected samples was found to range from 8.5 to 8.9 and the recorded temperature varied from 26.1 to 29.8 ºC during winter season. BOD of the collected water samples ranged from 10 to 92 mg/L, while COD was almost zero. The total alkalinity and chlorine content ranged from 12 to 20 mg/L and 13.9 to 18.3 gm/L respectively. Quantitative enumeration of bacterial population showed the range of 8.0×102 to 3.8×105 cfu/ml or gm sample. All the 9 selected isolates were identified as Bacillus coagulans (S1B4), Bacillus laterosporus (SB18), Bacillus megaterium (S2B11), Bacillus popilliae (S4P1), Bacillus firmus (S5B1), Citrobacter intermedius (S4B17), Listeria monocytogenes (S1B1), Listeria denitrificans (S2B) and Pseudomonas mendocina (S4P3). Bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus megaterium and Listeria denitrificans showed better growth in presence of methane gas in nutrient broth. By direct microscopic observation 7 genera of cyanobacteria (Arthrospria, Microcoleus, Oscillatoria, Schyzothrix, Scytonema, Nostoc and Gloeocapsa) and 4 genera of diatoms (Gomphonema, Melosira, Navicula and Pinnularia) were detected in the water sample DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v4i1.13394 The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 4(1&2):107-117, 2009

Optimization of conditions for extracellular amylase production from Listeria denitrificans

The foodborne Listeria denitrificans was isolated from degraded rice and studied as an amylase producer. This microorganism showed maximum amylase production at temperature 27 ºC and medium pH 7.0, and on 3rd day during incubation period. Maximum amylase production by the isolate was found in medium containing 3.0 % starch as carbon source and 0.50 % yeast extract as nitrogen source. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v4i1.13388 The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 4(1&2):73-81, 2009

Biodeterioration of Thermally Treated Jack Beans (<i>Canavalia ensiformis</i>,L) Cotyledons

Dehulled cotyledons of Jack beans (Canavalia ensiformis, L) were thermally treated by roasting and pressure cooking, allowed to deteriorate for seven days and the microorganisms involved isolated and identified.. This was after five days of natural solid state fermentation, using the natural micro flora of the air and banana leave used in wrapping. The physiochemical compositions of the deteriorated cotyledons were monitored. There was a significant increase in the microbial count for the first three days of deterioration followed by gradual decrease. A total of eighteen bacteria were isolated however Bacillus subtilis, Leuconostoc lactic, Leuconostoc meseneroides, Listeria denitrificans, Listeria murrayii and Xanthomorias fragariae were dominant in all the samples. A total of eight fungal isolates were involved which were all dominant except Geniculosporium serpens found in pressure cooked ground sample. All treated samples had higher protein content than the control but the carbohydrate content was significantly low when compared with the control; however there was a significant decrease in the antinutrient content of the treated samples when compared to the control.© 2012 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v4i3.8684 J. Sci. Res. 4 (3), 689-700 (2012)

Syntheses and Antimicrobial Activity of Tetrasubstituted Tetrahydrofuran Lignan Stereoisomers

The syntheses of all stereoisomers of tetrasubstituted tetrahydrofuran lignan were accomplished, and the antimicrobial activity was examined. The 9,9'-diol compound bearing (7R,7'R,8R,8'R) and (7R,7'S,8R,8'R) stereochemistry showed the strongest antibacterial activity against Listeria denitrificans and Bacillus subtilis, respectively. It was also found that (-)-virgatusin bearing (7S,7'R,8S,8'S) stereochemistry had strongest antifungal activity.

Antimicrobial Activity of Stereoisomers of Morinols A and B, Tetrahydropyran Sesquineolignans

The antimicrobial activity of all stereoisomers of morinols A and B was tested. All stereoisomers of morinols A and B showed antifungal activity against Alternaria alternata, especially (-)-morinol B which showed the strongest activity. The natural component, (+)-morinol A, and unnatural stereoisomer, (7S,7'S,8R,8'R)-morinol B, showed antibacterial activity against the gram-positive bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and Listeria denitrificans.

Antibacterial Activity of a Virgatusin-Related Compound

The relationship between antibacterial activity of tetra-substituted tetrahydrofuran lignans (1-4) and their absolute configurations was tested. Only compound 4 among two virgatusins and two related compounds exhibited growth inhibitory activity against the Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria denitrificans. Compound 4 affected the growth of B. subtilis in a bactericidic manner, and its ability to dissipate the cytoplasmic membrane potential was investigated using the fluorescence probe 3,3'-dipropylthiadicarbocyanine iodide. These results suggested that compound 4 damages cells by causing the loss of the proton motive force and disruption of the cellular integrity of the membrane, leading to cell death. In addition, it was shown that the antibacterial activity of a lignan was closely related to its absolute configuration and functional groups.

Cellular fatty acid composition of Oerskovia species, CDC Coryneform groups A-3, A-4, A-5, Corynebacterium aquaticum, Listeria denitrificans and Brevibacterium acetylicum

Twenty four strains representing eight species of gram positive yellow-pigmented rods (Oerskovia turbata, Oerskovia xanthineolytica, CDC Coryneform groups A-3, A-4, A-5, Listeria denitrificans, Corynebacterium aquaticum and Brevibacterium acetylicum) were divided into two major groups based on the relative amounts of 12 methyltetradecanoate (15:0a) obtained by capillary gas liquid chromatography. O. turbata, O. xanthineolytica, CDC groups A-3 and A-4, L. denitrificans and C. aquaticum were placed in the first group due to the presence of a higher percentage (29-47%) of 15:0a, than CDC group A-5 and B. acetylicum. The latter contained 2-6% of this fatty acid, and were placed in the second group. All species in the two groups except C. aquaticum and CDC group A-4, were further separated from each other based on the qualitative and quantitative differences in their fatty acid compositions. In addition, the eight strains of CDC group A-5 revealed four different patterns and were further divided into four subgroups. This study supports the importance of the composition of cellular fatty acids in differentiating some closely related organisms.

Taxonomy of the genus Listeria

According to DNA homology values as well as to 16S rRNA cataloguing results, the genus Listeria presently contains two groups of closely related species: one is constitued by Listeria gravi and Listeria murrayi, the other by Listeria monocytogenes, Listeria ivanovii, Listeria innocua, Listeria welshimeri, and Listeria seeligeri. Among these seven species, only two are pathogenic for humans and animals: Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria ivanovii. Listeria denitrificans was recently excluded from this genus and transferred to a new genus, Jonesia, as Jonesia denitrificans.

Transfer of Listeria dentrificans to a New Genus, Jonesia gen. nov., as Jonesia denitrificans comb. nov.

The 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid catalog of Listeria denitrificans CIP 55134T was determined. The results confirmed previous evidence that this organism is not a member of the genus Listeria. Whereas L. monocytogenes is a member of the Bacillus-Clostridium subdivision of gram-positive bacteria, L. denitrificans is phylogenetically related to members of one of the several subbranches of the actinomycetes subdivision, defined by the genera Actinomycetes, Arthrobacter, Micrococcus, Cellulomonas, Stomatococcus, and Promicromonospora and allied taxa. The low similarity coefficients found between L. denitrificans and these genera, together with previously described chemotaxonomic properties, indicate that this species should be transferred to a new genus, Jonesia gen. nov., as Jonesia denitrificans comb. nov.

Monoclonal Antibodies Directed Against the Flagellar Antigens of Listeria Species and Their Potential in EIA-Based Methods

Monoclonal antibodies directed against antigens of Listeria spp. were produced. Three main classes of immunoglobulins were found that reacted with Listeria strains containing either the A, B, or C flagellar antigen. These antibodies reacted with Listeria monocytogenes, Listeria welshimeri, Listeria seeligeri, Listeria ivanovii and Listeria innocua, but not Listeria grayi, Listeria murrayi or Listeria denitrificans. The monoclones tested did not cross-react with any of the 30 non-Listeria cultures examined, including Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus faecalis. Cheese and milk samples naturally-contaminated with L. monocytogenes were found to be positive for Listeria within two working days after initiation by using the monoclonal antibodies in an enzyme immunoassay.

Occurrence and biochemistry of lipoteichoic acids in the genus Listeria

Summary Lipoteichoic acids were isolated from strains of the genus Listeria , representing all valid species and different serotypes. The lipoteichoic acids consisted of hydrophilic poly(glycerophosphate) chains covalently attached to glyco- or phosphatidylglycolipids (galactosyl → a glucosyl → a acyl 2 glycerol or phosphatidyl- (galactosyl → a glucosyl → a acyl 2 glycerol), the hydrophobic moieties of the molecules. The glycerophosphate units of the hydrophilic chains were substituted with ester-linked D-alanine and α(1–2) linked galactosyl residues. Only in Listeria grayi and Listeria murrayi were galactosyl substituents missing. In Listeria denitrificans lipoteichoic acid was absent. The results are discussed with regard to their chemotaxonomic and serological implications for the genus Listeria .

Isolation de micro-organismes du genre Listeria à partir de lait cru destiné à la consommation humaine

Refrigerated mixtures of raw milk provided by a dairy which was supplied by farms from west and central Spain were tested for the presence of Listeria microorganisms. A total of 95 samples were taken at regular intervals over a 16-month period. Listeria grayi was isolated from 89.5% of the samples, Listeria monocytogenes s. str. from 45.3%, Listeria innocua from 15.8%, Listeria welshimeri from 3.1%, and Listeria seeligeri from 1.05%. Listeria ivanovii, Listeria murrayi, and Listeria denitrificans were not isolated.

The Murein Types of Listeria grayi, Listeria murrayi and Listeria denitrificans

The amino acid sequences of the mureins of the type strains Listeria grayi ATCC 19120, Listeria murrayi ATCC 25401 and Listeria denitrificans ATCC 14870 were determined. L. grayi and L. murrayi contain the murein variation A1γ (A(2)pm-direct-type) which is also present in the type strain of L. monocytogenes. L. denitrificans has a different murein. It belongs to the variation A4α, exhibiting a γ-D-glutamyl-L-seryl-interpeptide bridge between alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-lysyl-D-alanine peptide subunits (Lys-Ser-D-Glu-type). The taxonomic implications are discussed.

Cell wall, DNA base composition and lipid studies on Listeria denitrificans (Prevot)

Cell wall, DNA base composition and lipid studies on Listeria denitrificans (Prevot)

Numerical classification of some Rhodococci, Corynebacteria and related organisms.

Nineteen strains of Corynebacterium sensu stricto, 23 received as Corynebacterium equi or Rhodococcus equi, marker cultures of Arthrobacter, Brevibacterium, Bacterionema matruchotii, Cellulomonas flavigena, Kurthia zopfii, Listeria denitrificans, Microbacterium lacticum, Rhodococcus rubropertinctus and 88 representatives of Mycobacterium, Nocardia, Rhodococcus and the 'aurantiaca' taxon were the subject of numerical phenetic analyses using 92 characters. The data were examined using the simple matching (SSM) and Jaccard (SJ) coefficients and clustering was achieved using the average linkage algorithm. With a single exception, strains containing meso-diaminopimelic acid, arabinose, galactose and mycolic acids were recovered in five aggregate clusters corresponding to Corynebacterium sensu stricto, Mycobacterium, Nocardia, Rhodococcus and the 'aurantiaca' taxon. Most of the Corynebacterium (Rhodococcus) equi strains formed a good taxospecies which included the type strain of Corynebacterium hoagii. The numerical data, and the results of earlier chemical and genetical studies, also provide sufficient evidence for the transfer of Bacterionema matruchotii to Corynebacterium sensu stricto as Corynebacterium matruchotii comb.nov. and for the recognition of Rhodococcus globerulus sp.nov. for some strains previously classified as Rhodococcus rubropertinctus (Hefferan) Goodfellow & Alderson. The classification of the remaining marker strains correlates well with other major developments in coryneform taxonomy.

Pathogenic synergism between Treponema hyodysenteriae and other selected anaerobes in gnotobiotic pigs.

Gnotobiotic pigs were orally exposed to various anaerobes at 6 to 9 days of age and similarly inoculated with Treponema hyodysenteriae B204 3 to 6 days later. Watery diarrhea and fecal excretion of large quantities of mucus and some fibrin clots were observed 4 to 20 days after inoculation with B204 if other anaerobes were present. Colonic lesions characteristic of swine dysentery were observed when B204 was present with Fusobacterium necrophorum, three strains of Bacteroides vulgatus, a Clostridium species, and Listeria denitrificans individually and when some of these microbes were present in various combinations, but not when B204 was present alone. These results are consistent with the conclusion that T. hyodysenteriae is the primary pathogen in the etiology of swine dysentery and that the presence of one or more other anaerobes is a prerequisite for expression of pathogenicity of T. hyodysenteriae. This prerequisite can be met by a variety of anaerobes.

Isoprenoid quinone composition as a guide to the classification of Listeria, Brochothrix, Erysipelothrix and Caryophanon.

Summary: Representatives of the genera Brochothrix, Caryophanon and Listeria all contained fully unsaturated menaquinones as their sole isoprenoid quinones but Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae contained neither menaquinones nor ubiquinones. Menaquinones with six isoprene units were the major isoprenologues in Caryophanon tenue whereas menaquinones with seven isoprene units predominated in Brochot hrix thermosphacta, Listeria grayi, Listeria mono-cytogenes and Listeria murrayi. Listeria denitrificans had menaquinones with nine isoprene units.

Antagonistic interactions of phylloplane bacteria with Drechslera dictyoides (Drechsler) Shoemaker

Strains of Listeria denitrificans (E2), Pseudomonas fluorescens (C37 and C92), and Xanthomonas campestris (D119), isolated from the phylloplane of Lolium perenne (S24), were antagonistic to Drechslera dictyoides (Drechslera) Shoemaker. From in vitro and in vivo experiments it was deduced that their mode of activity included an initial inhibition of spore germination, a retardation in the rate of germ-tube elongation, and ultimately lysis of the hyphae. The effects were expressed on the plant in terms of reduced levels of disease symptoms and sporulation.