Liquid Level Indicator Research Articles

Liquid level Indication and Control System using Arduino

Overflow from Liquid tank is a common problem which leads to the wastage of Liquid. Though there are many solutions to it like ball valves which automatically stop the Liquid flow once the tank gets full. So a simple device has been created. This device allow to detect the Liquid level and will raise an alarm upon getting the Liquid tank full or a preset level show the level percentage on LCD, then controlling the process of turn pump on and turn it off operation. Liquid level indicator is a modern way of measuring the liquid level using latest technologies like Arduino as as a programming unit and many different types of sensors like Ultrasonic, LDR,PIR, ……etc. The main aim of the project is to calculate the Liquid level at any instant of time and to turn the pump on when the tank is empty or at specific level and turn it off if the tank is filled completely. As a result of this project the percentage of liquid’s level has shown on a display unit (16*2 Liquid Crystal Display), and the fuel pump has been automatically controlled.

Least Restrictive Adaptation Model: Anything You Need You Can Find in the Kitchen Drawer (First printed inRE:view, 36(2), 63–69.)

Least Restrictive Adaptation Model: Anything You Need You Can Find in the Kitchen Drawer (First printed in<i>RE:view</i>, 36(2), 63–69.)

Empowerment of mosque communities to increase body immune with aroma therapy robots

Treatment of patients suffering from infection with the novel corona virus by means of therapy because there is no one drug to cure patients affected by Covid-19. Patients with COVID-19 are undergoing therapy to boost their immune system. One of the therapies to increase the body's immunity is by using aromatherapy. This community empowerment program applies aromatherapy robots to increase the immunity of the congregation who are carrying out worship activities at the mosque. The purpose of this community empowerment is to create and implement an aromatherapy robot that has an aromatherapy liquid level indicator and can refill aromatherapy with liquids from plants. The method of implementing the community empowerment program is as follows. The robot was made by UMY community service staff consisting of nine people who are experts in their respective fields, chaired by Dr., Ir., Iswanto., S.T., M.Eng., IPM who is an expert in robotics. There are members from the University of Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, University of UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, Ahmad Dahlan University and the University of Tlaxcala, Mexico. There are five members from the University of Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, namely Dr., Adhianty Nurjanah, S.Sos., M.Sc. expert in disaster communication, Dr. Ir. Gatot Supangkat who is an expert in the field of plants and Dhiya Uddin Rijalussalam., S.T who is an expert in the field of robot assembly. Members from outside UMY are Nia Maharani Raharja., S.T., M.Eng. from the University of UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, an expert in instrumentation, Alfian Maarif., S.T., M.Eng. from Ahmad Dahlan University, an expert in control and Professor Ph.D. Carlos Sánchez-López is an expert in the field of autonomous robots from the University of Tlaxcala, Mexico. With this aromatherapy robot, mosque congregations can increase their immunity by inhaling the aromatherapy in the robot.

An Ultra-Sensitive Liquid-Level Indicator Based on an Etched Chirped-Fiber Bragg Grating

A novel ultra-sensitive liquid-level indicator using an etched chirped fiber Bragg grating is experimentally demonstrated with a sensitivity of 1.214 nm/mm for detecting tens of micro-meter liquid-level variation. The operation mechanism is based on the superposition wavelength-peak shift created by the overlap between the spectrum of the etched CFBG section immersed in the liquid and the spectrum of the rest of the grating in air. This sensor may be used to precisely measure the liquid-level variation in bio-hazardous systems or industrial containers that demand accurate interrogation of the amounts of the contents.

A self-supported 40W direct methanol fuel cell system

A self-supported 40W Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) system has been developed and performance tested. The auxiliaries in the DMFC system comprise a methanol sensor, a liquid-level indicator, and fuel and air pumps that consume a total power of about 5 W. The system has a 15-cell DMFC stack with active electrode-area of 45 cm2. The self-supported DMFC system addresses issues related to water recovery from the cathode exhaust, and maintains a constant methanol-feed concentration with thermal management in the system. Pure methanol and water from cathode exhaust are pumped to the methanol-mixing tank where the liquid level is monitored and controlled with the help of a liquid-level indicator. During the operation, methanol concentration in the feed solution at the stack outlet is monitored using a methanol sensor, and pure methanol is added to restore the desired methanol concentration in the feed tank by adding the product water from the cathode exhaust. The feed-rate requirements of fuel and oxidant are designed for the stack capacity of 40 W. The self-supported DMFC system is ideally suited for various defense and civil applications and, in particular, for charging the storage batteries. A self-supported 40W Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) system comprising a 15-cell DMFC stack with active electrode-area of 45 cm2 has been developed and performance tested. The auxiliaries in the system comprise a methanol sensor, a liquid-level indicator, and fuel and air pumps that consume a total power of about 5W.

A Novel Fiber-Optic Liquid Level Sensor with Adjustable Light Path Based on Principle of Light Refraction

Considering the difficulty to precisely indicate the specified height for transparent or semitransparent thin liquid column, a novel fiber-optic liquid level sensor is reported which remarkably enhances the sensitivity by regulating the external light path based on the principle of light refraction. The structure and working principle of this sensor is introduced. A light path model is developed on the condition that the incident light ray obliquely penetrates the medium in the liquid level indicator. The formulae of deflection angle are deduced. Factors affecting the precision of the sensor are analyzed by means of an example. Finally the feasibility of this novel design is verified by experiments.

Cryogenic liquid level indicator based on t.e.m.f. of high-temperature superconductors

Abstract The results of earlier experiments obtained during the investigation of the thermoelectromotive force (t.e.m.f.) of different high- Tc superconductors have led to the development of a system for cryogenic liquid level indicators. The sensors can be made from high-temperature ceramic and thick-film superconductors, such as Y Ba Cu O and Bi (Pb) Ca Sr Cu O compounds, which are stable over time and also on repeated thermal cycling. The measuring equipment designed in the study is suitable for the examination of different materials to be used as cryogenic liquid level indicators. An example demonstrates the method of selecting the proper material, the sensitivity of the material and the simplicity of application.

Liquid Level-to-Frequency Converter

One simple way of measuring the level of a nonconducting liquid is to use, the capacitance between two conducting surfaces suitably placed inside the liquid, as the basis. The value of the capacitance in a proper set up is directly related to the level of the liquid. The capacitance is initially converted into pulsewidth and then into frequency for possible use in the digital equipment or in process control. The authors designed and constructed a digital liquid-level indicator employing such a liquid level-to-frequency converter.

Liquid helium level indicators with superconducting wire

Liquid helium level indicators with superconducting wire

A Simple and Inexpensive Liquid Level Indicator for Cryogenic Fluids

First Page

175. Liquid helium level indicator with superconducting wire

175. Liquid helium level indicator with superconducting wire

Liquid helium level indicator, applicable in very strong magnetic fields and for continuous indicating

Liquid helium level indicator, applicable in very strong magnetic fields and for continuous indicating

TESTING THE TECHNICAL STATUS OF SPRAYNG MACHINES TO REDUCE ENVIROMENTAL POLUTION

SUMMARY The sprayers for agrochemical applications, which a re working in Romanian agriculture, should be today improved for increasing the efficiency of the treatment with minimum chemical substances consume and low environmental pollution together with a high sa fety for users . On the world scale there are available at this mome nt high tech, performing machines, which are using artificial intelligence for adjusti ng different functional parameters. In Romania some manufacturers of these machines tries to develop, with low investments, machines that have the quality-price ratio as good as possible for our farmers. It’s necessary to increase the technical performanc es of the sprayers because at a European level exists some norms, which must be accomplished by these machines. Starting from this point of view, in this paper we intent to research the possibilities to increase the performance of sprayers regarding the reduction of environment pollution, to assure the users safety and to comply the requirements of European n orms. The checking of different parameters of sprayer mac hines is made using suitable equipment and test stands . The results of the tests will be written on a checking and diagnose card which give us information about what parts of sprayer machines are good, are bad or must repaired or replaced to increase the ef ficiency of the treatment and reduce environmental pollution. The parts of sprayer machi nes which must be test are: the tank liquid level indicator, the filters, the boom, the pressure gauge and the setting system . The checking and diagnose card will give us informations about the technical status of sprayng machines, so we will be able to setting up the machines to increase the technical performances In conclusion, the spraying machines checking and d iagnose ensure the spraying efficiently and environmental protection. To achiev e this goal, it is necessary to use adequate equipment and stands for a quick and precisely diag nose.

Method of regulating analogue indication of supersonic liquid level indicator: Shimada Riko Kaguaku , Japanese Patent JPC 4750/69 (26 February 1969) (Applied for 14 November 1966) (1373)

Method of regulating analogue indication of supersonic liquid level indicator: Shimada Riko Kaguaku , Japanese Patent JPC 4750/69 (26 February 1969) (Applied for 14 November 1966) (1373)

Heat transfer from carbon thermometers and their use as liquid helium level indicators

Heat transfer from carbon thermometers and their use as liquid helium level indicators

An improved cryogenic liquid level sensor

A new liquid level indicator, consisting of a diode heated by a resistor, is described. The effects of diode current, resistor power, heater pulse duration and pressure are discussed.

Ultrasonics in Industry

This paper presents a brief description of various successful industrial applications that have been made of ultrasonics. The applications are divided into three broad groups: low, medium, and high power. In the low-power group are included reduction of friction, inspection, remote control, flaw detection, and other types of gauging and nondestructive testing. The medium-power group includes ultrasonic machining, soldering, medical therapy, liquid level indicators, and similar types of depth gauges and instruments. The high-power group includes precision cleaning, emulsification, dispersion of metals, metallurgical, bacteriological, and other chemical and physical processing applications. It is only natural that the lowand medium-power applications received first commercial acceptance, while the high-power applications advanced more slowly awaiting the development of low-cost high-power ultrasonic transducers and low-cost ultrasonic power supplies. These latter requirements are at present reasonably well met, which means that great increases in industrial high-power ultrasonic applications can be expected in the immediate future.

Liquid Level Indicator for Condensed Gases at Low Temperatures

The instrument described here is designed to measure, indicate, record, and control the level of liquefied gases inside a closed vessel. It is especially designed for use at low temperatures with liquefied gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, and helium. It operates on a capacitance principle, and makes use of the difference in dielectric constants of the liquid and vapor. The sensing element is a cylindrical capacitor whose capacitance is a function of the height of the liquid column. The sensing capacitor is one element of an automatically balanced bridge which both indicates and records the liquid level. An over-all accuracy of ±1.0 percent has been obtained. The sensitivity is adequate for use where the difference in dielectric constants of the liquid and vapor is 0.05 or greater. The instrument also incorporates a control function and supplies a controlled air pressure to a pneumatically operated valve for maintaining the level at a predetermined point.

A liquid air level indicator and alarm

A liquid air level indicator and alarm