Culinary MSMEs are among the fastest-growing subsectors of the creative economy in Indonesia,including in Kampar Regency. However, most of them still face challenges in competitiveness,particularly in terms of limited digital literacy, marketing strategies, and technology adoption. Thisstudy aims to analyze the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based digital marketing inenhancing the competitiveness of culinary MSMEs in Kampar. A mixed-methods approach wasemployed, combining quantitative surveys of 50 culinary MSMEs and qualitative in-depthinterviews with business owners. The findings reveal that AI-driven digital marketing contributesto improving promotional effectiveness, personalized content, consumer trend analysis, andproduct distribution efficiency. Nevertheless, AI adoption remains limited to basic chatbots andsales analytics, with major barriers including investment costs, low digital literacy, and limitedecosystem support. These results highlight the importance of collaboration between government,academia, and industry in strengthening the digital capacity of culinary MSMEs to compete inboth local and global markets

Virtual care in residential aged care and primary care settings: a systematic literature review using the SEIPS framework.

This study explores local wisdom-based accounting practices in medium-scale Limited Liability Companies (LLCs) across five industrial sectors in Cirebon, Indonesia. These businesses often prioritize trust, kinship, and cultural values over formal accounting standards like PSAK. Financial transactions are frequently recorded manually, verbally, or based on memory, reflecting a trust-based culture that resists strict documentation and auditing. The study employs a qualitative exploratory method through interviews and observations, revealing limited accounting literacy, cultural resistance, and inadequate institutional support as major barriers to adopting formal systems. While some companies are beginning to use digital tools, integration remains inconsistent. The research finds that although these informal practices foster internal trust, they hinder transparency, external audits, and access to financing. Ultimately, the study recommends a hybrid model that bridges local cultural values and formal accounting principles. Such an approach could enhance financial accountability and sustainability while preserving cultural identity. This research contributes to the development of a contextual accounting model suitable for culturally diverse economic environments.

The global poultry sector is under pressure to increase efficiency, sustainability, and animal welfare amid growing demand and resource constraints. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a key enabler of digital transformation in poultry farming, yet evidence on practical adoption remains fragmented, especially for smallholder and UMKM contexts. Objective: This study systematically maps AI applications in poultry farming, classifies their functional domains and technological approaches, evaluates reported benefits and limitations, and identifies research gaps related to real-world implementation. Method: A PRISMA 2020-guided Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted on 28 peer-reviewed, open-access, Scopus-indexed journal articles published between 2020 and 2025. Data were extracted on AI techniques, data modalities, application domains, implementation settings, and reported outcomes, then synthesized using thematic analysis. Findings: AI applications concentrate on disease detection and health monitoring, environmental control, behavior and welfare analysis, feed optimization, and productivity forecasting. Deep learning and computer vision dominate image/video-based tasks, while conventional machine learning supports multivariate prediction. Most studies report laboratory or pilot validation rather than full field deployment. Common barriers include high initial costs, limited digital literacy, infrastructure constraints (e.g., connectivity), and scarce localized datasets challenges that are particularly salient in developing-country settings. Implications: Adoption is most feasible through affordable, modular monitoring and decision-support solutions, supported by local dataset development, capacity building, and multi-stakeholder partnerships to translate pilots into sustained deployments. Originality/Value: This review integrates functional classification, technological mapping, and implementation maturity into a unified framework, offering an operational perspective on how AI can be scaled inclusively in poultry farming.

The use of digital technology has significantly transformed traditional pedagogical practice for pronunciation instruction. Numerous studies have explored the positive and negative impact of digital tools in pronunciation instruction, yet only a limited number of studies emphasize the pedagogical challenges and opportunities of digital devices in pronunciation instruction, particularly within Indonesian higher education level. To fill this gap, this qualitative study investigates the pedagogical challenges and opportunities of pronunciation instruction in digital EFL programs at Indonesian university. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews and class observations involving 29 participants, including 2 EFL lecturers and 27 university students. Findings reveal that while digital platforms such as mobile apps, websites, YouTube, LMS, and AI-powered platforms facilitate increased learner autonomy and provide authentic pronunciation models, barriers persist in the form of limited digital literacy among lecturers, inadequate institutional support, and infrastructural constraints. Despite these challenges, lecturers and students generally hold positive attitudes toward technology integration, recognizing its potential to enhance the process of pronunciation teaching and learning. The study underscores the need for targeted professional development and greater institutional investment to fully leverage digital technologies in pronunciation instruction. Implications for policy and pedagogy in similar developing contexts are discussed.

Digital health technologies can potentially increase the efficiency and quality of pediatric palliative care (PPC), yet their use in home-based PPC remains limited. Limited digital health care literacy and inadequate training can reduce confidence and foster negative attitudes, whereas positive experiences and basic digital health care literacy may encourage adoption. This study aims to explore the use of digital health technologies by Norwegian health care personnel in home-based PPC and examine the association between their digital health care literacy and their attitudes toward digital health. A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2023 to May 2024, with an online survey targeting health care personnel involved in home-based PPC through primary or specialist health care services. Data were collected using selected items from the Norwegian Healthcare Personnel Survey on eHealth 2022, the Digital Health Care Literacy Scale (DHLS), and the Information Technology Attitude Scales for Health (ITASH), alongside demographic characteristics. Higher DHLS scores indicate greater digital health care literacy, while higher ITASH scores reflect more positive attitudes toward digital health technologies. Pearson correlation, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to comprehensively explore the relationships and associations among the variables. Health care personnel (n=148) from diverse health care services responded to the survey. Half of the respondents (72/144, 50%) had experience with real-time video consultation, while phone calls were the primary communication method (138/145, 95.2%). Additionally, 55.6% (79/142) of the respondents had limited or minimal access to electronic health records from other health care services. Health care personnel perceived digital health technologies for remote PPC as a supplement (126/135, 93.3%) rather than a replacement for in-person care. Mean digital health care literacy was 18.29 (SD 3.8) on a scale from 0 to 23. On a scale from 1 to 4, the highest recorded scores pertained to attitudes toward digital health technologies in supporting care (mean 3.17, SD 0.39) and the perceived need for training (mean 3.16, SD 0.43). A statistically significant association was found between the respondents' level of digital health care literacy and their attitudes toward digital health technologies in supporting care (β=0.030, 95% CI 0.014-0.047; P<.001). This study examined the use of digital health technologies by Norwegian health care personnel in home-based PPC, their digital health care literacy, and attitudes toward digital health. Despite positive attitudes and high digital health care literacy, use of digital health technologies was limited, suggesting that inadequate digital health solutions may hinder effective implementation. Addressing these barriers is crucial to enhancing the implementation of digital health in home-based PPC. Future research should focus on integrating digital health technologies into existing infrastructure and workflows while exploring their impact on personalized care to ensure high-quality home-based PPC.

This study examines how forensic accounting mechanisms, when complemented by maqāṣid al-sharīʿah–based ethical principles, can strengthen accountability, transparency, and fairness in Indonesia’s subsidised LPG distribution system. Specifically, it explores governance challenges—including weak internal controls, information asymmetry, ethical dilemmas, and limited public accountability literacy—and develops an integrative accountability framework to support ethical public governance. This study adopts an interpretive qualitative approach using in-depth interviews, limited field observations, and document analysis. Participants include government regulators, distribution agents, and public auditors involved in subsidy supervision. Data were analysed through thematic coding guided by forensic accounting indicators and maqāṣid-informed ethical considerations, with credibility ensured through triangulation and reflexive analysis. The findings indicate that governance inefficiencies largely arise from inadequate alignment between forensic control mechanisms and ethical accountability practices. While forensic accounting enhances transparency through evidence-based oversight, maqāṣid al-sharīʿah contributes an ethical foundation for distributive justice and public trust. Based on these findings, the study proposes an integrative accountability framework that connects technical control with ethical reasoning in public sector governance. The study suggests that policymakers strengthen fraud mitigation and governance quality by reinforcing forensic oversight alongside ethics-oriented capacity building grounded in principles of justice (‘adl), moral responsibility (amānah), and public welfare (maṣlaḥah). This study offers an integrative perspective on forensic accounting and maqāṣid al-sharīʿah in public sector governance, contributing to the literature on ethical accountability and value-based governance in subsidy management contexts.

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and adolescent malnutrition remain significant public health challenges, particularly among school-aged populations. Unhealthy snacking behaviors, combined with limited science literacy, reduce adolescents’ ability to make informed dietary decisions, underscoring the urgent need for effective, school-based educational interventions. This study aimed to develop and assess the effectiveness of a Smart Snack Strategy e-module that integrates peer education and problem-based learning (PBL) to enhance science literacy. The research used a Research and Development (R&amp;D) approach with the ADDIE model, comprising needs analysis through health screening and stakeholder consultation, followed by design, development, expert validation, and product trials. The e-module covers three main topics: the smart snack concept, basic food microbiology, and food label reading. Validation by content, language, media, and learning experts confirmed that the module is highly feasible in terms of quality and usability. Subsequent limited and broader trials with 25 students demonstrated a significant improvement in science literacy, with an average gain of 30.92 points (p &lt; 0.05). The e-module also fostered greater motivation, problem-solving skills, and healthier snack decision-making. These findings indicate that integrating peer education and PBL is effective in promoting active learning and healthy lifestyle behaviors. Therefore, the Smart Snack Strategy e-module represents a viable and innovative medium for enhancing science literacy and supporting adolescent health promotion in school settings.

The rapid growth of digital technologies has encouraged organizations to adopt management systems that prioritize transparency, security, and efficiency. Blockchain has emerged as a transformative innovation capable of reshaping conventional management processes through its decentralized and tamper-resistant architecture. This study analyzes the implementation of blockchain in enhancing transparency and security within management systems. A literature review approach was used to examine recent scholarly publications related to blockchain applications across various organizational settings. The findings indicate that blockchain significantly improves data integrity, prevents fraud, and strengthens accountability through distributed ledgers, cryptographic mechanisms, and smart contracts. However, challenges such as scalability limitations, infrastructure readiness, regulatory uncertainties, and limited technical literacy remain major obstacles. This study concludes that blockchain presents substantial benefits, but its effective implementation requires a comprehensive and strategic approach to ensure organizational readiness and long-term sustainability.

The rapid development of technology has significantly transformed trade dynamics and economic growth in Indonesia. However, the benefits of digital transformation remain unevenly distributed across regions, creating a digital divide that hinders inclusive development. This study aims to analyze the disparity between internet penetration and its economic utilization, as well as to identify barriers faced by non-connected populations in participating in the digital economy. A mixed-method approach was employed, combining quantitative descriptive analysis of secondary data from the Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) and the Asosiasi Penyelenggara Jasa Internet Indonesia (APJII) (2025), with qualitative thematic analysis of policy documents and literature on digital inclusion. The findings reveal that although 80.67% of Indonesia's population are internet users, more than 55 million people remain unconnected, primarily in rural and remote areas. Furthermore, connectivity alone does not guarantee economic participation; limited digital literacy, inadequate infrastructure, low trust in digital financial services, and cultural barriers significantly impede the utilization of digital platforms for productive economic activities. The study also finds that existing policies tend to focus disproportionately on infrastructure expansion while neglecting capacity-building and community empowerment strategies. This research contributes to the formulation of more comprehensive digital development policies by emphasizing the necessity of integrating infrastructure investment with digital literacy programs, MSME empowerment, and social inclusion frameworks. The findings imply that bridging the digital divide requires a multidimensional approach that addresses not only access but also skills, trust, and institutional support to ensure sustainable and equitable digital transformation in Indonesia.

The Smart Village concept in Indonesia seeks to integrate information and communication technology (ICT) into rural development to enhance public service efficiency, community empowerment, and overall quality of life. This study adopts a qualitative descriptive approach through document analysis to explore the implementation of Smart Village initiatives as a strategy to reduce disparities between urban and rural areas. Key challenges identified include infrastructure gaps, limited digital literacy, budget constraints, resistance to change, and data security concerns. Successful case studies such as Banyuwangi’s Smart Kampung, public-private partnerships in Pangandaran, and the adoption of telemedicine and e-learning platforms illustrate significant improvements in administrative efficiency, transparency, healthcare access, education, and local economic empowerment. The findings emphasize the importance of multi-stakeholder collaboration involving government, private sector, academia, and communities to overcome these barriers. Furthermore, the study outlines the phased process of digital transformation in public services: digitization, digitalization, integration, and intelligent governance, exemplified by initiatives such as e-KTP, the Village Information System (SID), and the One Data Indonesia portal. Policy frameworks including the National Electronic-Based Government System Architecture (SPBE) and the Digital Village Movement are identified as critical enablers. Ultimately, equitable infrastructure, comprehensive digital literacy, secure data governance, and sustainable funding models are essential to scale Smart Village initiatives nationwide, fostering inclusive and sustainable rural development.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Africa, accounting for over 1 million deaths annually. As CVD prevalence rises, Africa faces challenges in prevention, diagnosis, and management. Addressing this crisis requires innovative approaches, and artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative solution. Studies already show how machine learning (ML) algorithms can predict various CVDs from patients' data with accuracy of 73.8%-97.7%. This review explores the potential of AI to improve African cardiovascular care while discussing opportunities, challenges, and pathways for effective implementation. Hence, a comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar, Africa Journals Online (AJOL), and other online publications and grey literature relevant to the topic. This study discusses opportunities offered by AI to revolutionize cardiovascular care and improve diagnostic accuracy to include predictive analytics, ML, and telemedicine to process structured and unstructured data from m-Health applications, wearable devices, and hospital records. Moreover, advanced applications could include genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and precision medicine. Despite its advantages, AI integration faces challenges, including inadequate infrastructure, high implementation costs, policy and funding constraints, as well as limited digital literacy among healthcare providers. Data privacy concerns also remain critical, with only 36 of 55 African countries enacting data protection laws. Pathways to overcome these barriers include Africa's development of ethical standards for data use, investment in workforce training, collaborative partnerships, better funding structure, and strengthening of healthcare infrastructure and research.

Abstract This scoping review explores the use of digital technology to address intimate partner or domestic violence (IPV/DV) among diverse migrant populations, including forcibly displaced individuals. Informed by a feminist intersectional and critical digital equity lens, we examine the systemic challenges empirically reported to affect migrants’ use of digital tools in responding to IPV/DV, as well as the strategies used by migrants and service providers to address these challenges. Twenty studies were analyzed. The findings show a range of digital tools used for outreach, public education, services, and platforms for community support and activism. The studies collectively illustrate how barriers, such as digital IPV/DV, financial insecurity, fear due to precarious immigration status, linguistic marginalization, and limited digital literacy, intersectionally compromise migrants’ access to or use of digital tools to address IPV/DV. While a few studies reported on individual strategies for migrants to navigate digital IPV/DV and digital safety concerns, and for service providers to ensure privacy, there remains a notable lack of research addressing intersecting challenges faced by diverse migrant survivors. Future research that intentionally addresses intersecting systemic factors impacting the use of digital tools for IPV/DV among diverse groups of migrant survivors is needed.

Library resources play a critical role in supporting academic learning and research, particularly in health sciences education. Despite increased availability of both physical and digital library materials, the extent to which dental students utilize these resources remains uncertain. To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) related to library resource usage among undergraduate and postgraduate dental students at a single dental institution. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among dental students using a structured, self-administered questionnaire. The survey assessed students' awareness of available library resources, their attitudes toward library use, and their actual practices regarding both physical and digital resource utilization. Data were analyzed using Pearson chi-square test and a p value of ≤0.05. The study included 300 participants of which 221were undergraduates and 43 post graduates. While most participants acknowledged the importance of library resources for academic success, only a moderate proportion reported frequent use of these resources. Postgraduate students demonstrated higher awareness and usage of digital resources compared to undergraduates. Several barriers were identified, including lack of time, insufficient awareness of available resources, and limited digital literacy. Although dental students exhibit a positive attitude toward library use, there exists a gap between their knowledge and actual practices. Strengthening awareness programs, improving digital resource access, and integrating library training into the curriculum are recommended to enhance resource utilization and academic performance.

The digital divide and limited AI literacy pose significant barriers to technology adoption among older adults in low-resource communities. This study investigates the potential of socially assistive robots (SARs) to promote social engagement and psychosocial well-being by analyzing interactions with the AI-driven Hyodol SAR. Multimodal data-including log-based usage patterns and voice recordings-were collected via SAR-embedded sensors. Pre- and post-intervention surveys provided demographic and health information. Human-robot conversations were classified into nine emotional and topical categories, along with six types of activity participation. K-means clustering was employed to identify distinct user personas reflecting engagement patterns. Of the participants, 44.6% engaged in conversation with the SAR, and 30.2% discussed activity participation. Three user personas emerged: Social Engagers (28.35%) balanced social and personal interactions with positive emotional tone; Independent Reflectors (41.79%) showed high conversational engagement; Emotionally Expressive Users (29.85%) demonstrated the highest overall SAR usage, including tactile and content-based interactions. While some clusters exhibited numerical reductions in loneliness and depression, these changes did not reach statistical significance. These findings suggest that SARs can complement caregiving services for older adults in low-resource communities. By integrating narrative data with quantitative survey responses and usage logs, this study advances methodological approaches in AI-driven gerontological research. The results highlight opportunities for persona-based customization, AI-adaptive learning, and emotion-informed care in future SAR development.

Background Digital technology in dental education has changed how dentists communicate with and educate patients. Although quantitative studies show benefits of technology-based tools, limited qualitative evidence exists on patient perceptions.  Aim This study aimed to explore patients’ experiences, perceptions, and satisfaction with technology-based dental education.  Method A qualitative exploratory design was used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 150 adult patients who received technology-based dental education during treatment at a tertiary dental care center using purposive sampling. Interviews were conducted in English or Tamil, audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and translated where required. Data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis following Braun and Clarke’s framework.  Results Eight themes emerged. Patients reported improved understanding of their dental condition using visual aids such as videos, intraoral images, and digital radiographs. Technology-based education reduced fear and anxiety, improved trust, and increased satisfaction with care. Digital explanations were preferred over verbal explanations when combined with clear communication. Challenges included information overload, limited digital literacy, and concerns about time and cost. Patients emphasized that technology should support, not replace, human interaction.  Conclusion Technology-based dental education improves patient understanding and satisfaction when used in a patient-centered manner. Combining digital tools with empathetic communication supports patient engagement in dental practice.

This study explores the impact of Self-Help Groups (SHGs) on capability development among tribal women in Dahod district, Gujarat. It uses the capability approach to examine how microfinance expands substantive freedoms – such as agency, autonomy, and valued functioning like education and reduced dependency – beyond mere income increases. A mixed-methods analysis of primary data from 360 respondents (180 SHG members and 180 matched non-members) reveals substantial gains for the majority of participants in economic agency, skills, resource access, and moderate improvements in social participation and decision-making. These outcomes highlight SHGs’ role in enhancing women's confidence, networks, and practical abilities to convert resources into meaningful achievements. Persistent barriers include caste discrimination, patriarchal norms, geographic isolation, and limited financial literacy. However, constrain broader transformation, indicating that complementary support in education, healthcare, and infrastructure is essential to deepen capability expansion in marginalized tribal contexts. By shifting the analytical focus from income metrics to capability expansion, this research offers a more nuanced understanding of how microfinance initiatives can potentially address gender inequalities. The findings suggest that future interventions would benefit from designing programs that explicitly target multiple dimensions of women's empowerment rather than treating economic advancement as the sole indicator of success.

The use of technology-based learning media is one of the strategic efforts to improve the quality of learning in elementary schools in line with the growing demands of 21st century education. This study aims to describe the application of technology-based learning media and analyze its contribution to improving the quality of learning at SD Islam Al Azhar 32. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. The research subjects included elementary school teachers and students, while data collection techniques were carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. The technology-based learning media used in this study included Canva as a medium for presenting material, learning videos as a means of deepening concepts, and Wordwall as a medium for learning evaluation. The results of the study indicate that the application of technology-based media can increase student activity, motivation, and involvement in the learning process. In addition, the use of technological media encourages teachers to be more creative and innovative in designing and implementing learning. However, the application of technology-based media still faces obstacles in the form of limited digital literacy among teachers and infrastructure support. Overall, this study concludes that the application of technology-based learning media has a positive impact on the quality of learning at SD Islam Al Azhar 32 and needs to be developed continuously with the support of teacher competence and adequate infrastructure

Background: Digital transformation demands that fashion MSMEs (Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises) adopt integrated multi-platform marketing strategies to remain competitive. Despite widespread social media use, many MSMEs struggle to leverage digital tools effectively. Objective: This study aims to develop the Google Ads and Social Media Optimization Framework for Fashion SMEs (GAOF-FS 2.0), providing a strategic tool for MSMEs in Cirebon to optimize their digital marketing efforts and integrate various platforms. Method: The study used a Design Science Research approach involving thirty fashion MSMEs in Cirebon. A mixed-methods methodology was employed, including surveys, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions to gather insights on current digital marketing practices and challenges. Results: The findings revealed a significant knowledge gap. While 90% of MSMEs are active on social media, more than three-quarters struggle with integrated digital marketing. Fewer than 5% utilize Google Ads, and only a small portion strategically use Facebook Ads or Instagram Ads. The developed framework integrates five core modules: strategic planning, social media integration, Google Ads campaigns, budget management, and performance monitoring. Validation by six experts and fifteen MSME practitioners showed high acceptance, with scores exceeding 85% across all evaluation dimensions. Conclusion: The study introduces an innovative GAPS-S metric to simplify multi-platform analytics for MSMEs. The academic contribution includes a locally context-based adaptive model, while the practical contribution offers an operational toolkit for MSMEs with limited digital literacy. This framework bridges the gap between digital presence and strategic utilization, enhancing competitiveness in the e-commerce ecosystem.

This study aimed to develop and implement a centralized database system covering the agri-fishery sector of the Province of Apayao to address persistent challenges related to fragmented, inaccurate, and inaccessible agricultural and fisheries data. Anchored on the Input–Process–Output (IPO) framework, the study employed a developmental research design focusing on database planning, analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation, and maintenance. Data were collected from government officials, agricultural extension workers, farmers, fisherfolk, and data managers using structured interviews, surveys, observations, and document reviews, and were analyzed through descriptive statistics, content analysis, and gap analysis. The results showed that the developed relational database successfully consolidated data on crop production, aquaculture, land use, farmer and fisherfolk profiles, and market information into a single, user-friendly platform. The system improved data accessibility, reduced redundancy in reporting, and enabled real-time monitoring and evidence-based decision-making for government agencies and stakeholders. Agricultural extension workers reported increased operational efficiency due to reduced administrative workload. However, challenges related to limited digital literacy, inconsistent internet connectivity in remote areas, and sustainability concerns regarding long-term funding and technical support were identified. The study concludes that a well-structured agri-fishery database can significantly enhance data management, policy formulation, and program implementation in the province. The study is aligned with Sustainable Development Goals 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), 9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure), and 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production) by supporting data-driven agricultural planning and digital infrastructure development. Overall, the study contributes to institutional and socio-economic sustainability by strengthening data governance, improving service delivery, and supporting sustainable agricultural and fisheries development in Apayao.