Lightweight Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Research Articles

Ultralight Hierarchical Fe3O4/MoS2/rGO/Ti3C2Tx MXene Composite Aerogels for High-Efficiency Electromagnetic Wave Absorption.

Aerogel-based composites, renowned for their three-dimensional (3D) network architecture, are gaining increasing attention as lightweight electromagnetic (EM) wave absorbers. However, attaining high reflection loss, broad effective absorption bandwidth (EAB), and ultrathin thickness concurrently presents a formidable challenge, owing to the stringent demands for precise structural regulation and incorporation of magnetic/dielectric multicomponents with synergistic loss mechanisms within the 3D networks. In this study, we successfully synthesized a 3D hierarchical porous Fe3O4/MoS2/rGO/Ti3C2Tx MXene (FMGM) composite aerogel via directional freezing and subsequent heat treatment processes. Owing to their ingenious structure and multicomponent design, the FMGM aerogels, featured with abundant heterogeneous interface structure and magnetic/dielectric synergism, show exceptional impedance matching characteristics and diverse EM wave absorption mechanisms. After optimization, the prepared ultralight (6.4 mg cm-3) FMGM-2 aerogel exhibits outstanding EM wave absorption performance, achieving a minimal reflection loss of -66.92 dB at a thickness of 3.61 mm and an EAB of 6.08 GHz corresponding to the thickness of 2.3 mm, outperforming most of the previously reported aerogel-based absorbing materials. This research presents an effective strategy for fabricating lightweight, ultrathin, highly efficient, and broad band EM wave absorption materials.

In-situ synthesis of Co/Co3O4 nanoparticles decorated carbon nanofiber aerogels for lightweight electromagnetic wave absorption rubber composites with multiple loss effects

Carbon-based magnetic absorbents are widely used for electromagnetic wave absorption (EMWA) rubber composites due to the dual electromagnetic wave loss effects of dielectric loss and magnetic loss. Co/Co3O4 nanoparticles decorated carbon nanofiber aerogels (C/Co/Co3O4 aerogels) are prepared by carbonization of nanofiber network structure agarose/cobalt acetate. The in-situ synthetic C/Co/Co3O4 aerogels with carbon nanofiber network structure and controllable particle size of Co/Co3O4 nanoparticles that have the good conductivity and tunable magnetic property increasing both of the dielectric loss and magnetic loss capabilities, which can improve the EMWA performance. Lightweight EMWA rubber composites with 3.75 wt% C/Co/Co3O4 aerogels have the same density as that of silicone rubber (PDMS), the effective absorption band (EAB, frequency for reflection loss<−10 dB) of PDMS/Co-1.25 is aways above 3 GHz when the thickness is bigger than 2.5 mm, the max EAB is 4.24 GHz at the thickness of 2.74 mm. The radar cross section (RCS) reduction can achieve 14 dBm2 when the perfectly electrically conductive (PEC) is covered by a 4.5 mm thick PDMS/Co-1.25. The intensity distributions of electric field, magnetic field and power loss density of EMWA rubber composites are exhibited based on the electromagnetic parameters. The rubber composites based on C/Co/Co3O4 aerogels can be used as lightweight flexible EMWA materials.

High-performance electromagnetic wave absorbers based on hierarchically porous (Zn1/2Ni1/2)Co2O4 spinel clusters

The development of lightweight electromagnetic wave absorbers with strong absorption performance, and broad absorption bands has garnered significant attention toward electromagnetic protection. In this study, 3D hierarchically porous (Zn1/2Ni1/2)Co2O4 spinel clusters were synthesized via a straightforward hydrothermal reaction followed by calcination. Notably, the (Zn1/2Ni1/2)Co2O4 spinel calcined at 500 ℃, the hierarchically porous (Zn1/2Ni1/2)Co2O4 spinel clusters achieved the minimum reflection loss value and effective absorption band of −66.6 dB and 6.45 GHz at a matching thickness of 2.47 mm and 2.35 mm, respectively. These outcomes were due to the synergistic effects induced by dielectric loss, magnetic loss, and the unique hierarchical porous structure of the prepared spinel. Our findings will promote the development of electromagnetic protection technologies and inspire the design and fabrication of high-performance electromagnetic wave absorbing materials.

Hollow silicon carbide microspheres for excellent and lightweight electromagnetic wave absorber

Developing semiconductor ceramic materials with lightweight, outstanding stability, and high-performance electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption are attractive for harsh environments. Due to thermal and chemical stability, designable microstructure, and tunable dielectric property, microstructured silicon carbide (SiC) ceramics offer promising potential as excellent EMW absorbers while limited by the scarce fabricating methods. Here, a simple coaxial electrospinning technology and the high-temperature calcination process are developed for the first time to fabricate hollow SiC microspheres (HSCMs) for EMW absorbers. Owing to the sizeable SiC-free space interface in the shell and internal void, the inner hollow structure also endows HSCMs with excellent EMW absorbing properties. By comparing with the composite of 40 wt% solid SiC microspheres (SSCMs)/paraffine, it is found that the 40 wt% HSCMs/paraffin composite exhibits superior dielectric properties and a minimum reflection loss (RL) value of − 61.6 dB at 7.7 GHz and 3.4 mm thickness, associated with the most considerable adequate absorption bandwidth of 4.9 GHz (from 12.6 to 17.5 GHz) at 1.9 mm thickness. This work gives rise to a handy method for fabricating hollow SiC with lightweight and high-efficiency EMW absorption. It will potentially boost the development of next-generation EMW absorbers for harsh environment applications.

Defect Engineering Activates Schottky Heterointerfaces of Graphene/CoSe2 Composites with Ultrathin and Lightweight Design Strategies to Boost Electromagnetic Wave Absorption

AbstractTo tackle the increasingly complex electromagnetic (EM) pollution environment, the application‐oriented electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption materials with ultra‐thin, light weight and strong tolerance to harsh environment are urgently explored. Although graphene aerogel‐based lightweight EMW absorbers have been developed, thinner thickness and more effective polarization loss strategies are still essential. Based on the theory of EMW transmission, this work innovatively proposes a high attenuation design strategy for obtaining ultra‐thin EMW absorption materials, cobalt selenide (CoSe2) is determined as animportant part of ultra‐thin absorbers. In order to obtain a dielectric parameter range that satisfies the ultra‐thin absorption characteristics and improve the lightweight properties of EMW absorption materials, a composite of CoSe2 modified N‐doped reduced graphene oxide (N‐RGO/CoSe2) is designed. Meanwhile, the controllable introduction of defect engineering into RGO can activate Schottky heterointerfaces of composites to generate a strong interfacial polarization effect, achieving ultra‐thin characteristics while significantly improving the EM loss capability. In addition, infrared thermal images and anti‐icing experiments show that the composite has good corrosion resistance, infrared stealth, and thermal insulation properties. Therefore, this work provides an effective strategy for obtaining thin‐thickness, light‐weight, and high‐performance EMW absorption materials, embodying the advantages of N‐RGO/CoSe2 composites in practical applications.

Architecture Design of a Bamboo Cellulose/Nb2CTx MXene/ZIF-67-Derived Lightweight Co/Nb2CTx/Carbon Aerogel for Highly Efficient Electromagnetic Wave Absorption, Thermal Insulation, and Flame Retardant

Designing biomass-derived carbon-based lightweight electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbers with multiple functions is promising research. However, the design of carbon-based EMW absorbers with multifunctionality for practical application remains a substantial challenge. Herein, a porous architecture engineering strategy was used to prepare a high-performance EMW absorption composite material with thermal insulation and flame-retardant properties The multifunctional Co/Nb2CTx/carbon aerogel with porous architecture composed of a bamboo-derived carbon aerogel, two-dimensional (2D) Nb2CTx, and ZIF-67-derived Co nanoparticles was prepared. Bamboo cellulose and few-layered Nb2CTx MXene constructed the three-dimensional (3D) aerogel architecture, ZIF-67 was then uniformly anchored on the aerogel skeleton through chemical deposition, and the Co/Nb2CTx/carbon aerogel was finally prepared by pyrolysis. The 3D interconnected network heterostructure not only contributes to conduction loss but also prolongs multiple reflection and scattering paths of EMW, which can improve the dielectric loss. Nb2CTx and Co nanoparticles play an important part in modulating the impedance matching and promoting the EMW attenuation ability due to the plenty of dipole/interfacial polarization loss and supplementary magnetic loss. The obtained Co/Nb2CTx/carbon aerogel possesses low density (54.03 mg cm–3) and achieves excellent reflection loss and broad effective absorption bandwidth (−60.25 dB and 4 GHz, respectively) at an ultrathin thickness of 1.67 mm with an ultralow filling content of 10 wt %. The radar cross section (RCS) reduction value can reach 31.24 dB m–2, indicating that the absorber can effectively reduce the probability of the target being detected by the radar detector. The strategy of porous architecture engineering provides guidance for the design of biomass-based electromagnetic wave absorption materials with thermal insulation property and flame-retardant capacity.

Integrating large specific surface area and tunable magnetic loss in Fe@C composites for lightweight and high-efficiency electromagnetic wave absorption

Porous Carbon-based composites with large specific surface area are promising as lightweight electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbers due to their inherently rich interfaces that facilitate microwave attenuation. However, the exertion of the intrinsic advantage of large surface area was underexplored. Herein, we described a facile strategy using MOF-derived large surface area porous carbon to construct dielectric-magnetic composites for high-efficiency EMW absorbers. In particular, a series of Fe@C composites were fabricated by pyrolysis of MOF-5 to form porous carbon matrix (SBET ∼ 1800 m2/g), followed by ferrocene deposition and reduction. By altering Fe species amount, surface area and electromagnetic parameters of the composites were tuned. It is found Fe@C-0.6 composites with sufficiently high SBET ∼915.8 m2/g exhibited outstanding microwave absorption performance with the minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −64.6 dB (1.98 mm thickness and 15 wt% loading) and the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) up to 6.27 GHz (2.2 mm thickness). Besides, Fe@C-1 (SBET ∼820.1 m2/g) also achieved desirable loss capability, with EAB covering the whole Ku band. This work demonstrates the potential of high surface area to achieve optimal EMW attenuation, and may provide a facile alternative to develop more high-performance carbon composites for EMW absorption application.

Lightweight MXene-Based Hybrid Aerogels with Ultrabroadband Terahertz Absorption and Anisotropic Strain Sensitivity

MXene aerogels with a three-dimensional (3D) network structure have attracted increasing attention for lightweight electromagnetic wave absorbers. It is intriguing to expand their absorption band, i.e., to the booming terahertz (THz) region, and explore multifunctionality. Herein, we assemble MXene (Ti3C2Tx)-based hybrid aerogels into an aligned lamellar architecture using a bidirectional freezing technique. With air pore size and lamellar layer spacing comparable to THz wavelengths, high porosity of the aerogels allows nearly isotropic absorption of 99% and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness with a remarkable value of 57.5 dB, in the ultrabroad bandwidth ranging from 0.5 to 3.0 THz. Simultaneous, strain-sensing response reflects the macroscopic anisotropy of the network structure of the aerogels. The improved sensitivity is measured for the out-of-lamellar layer plane under 0-30% strain. The corresponding long-term stability and durability persist over 120 stretching-releasing cycles. Our findings thus not only expand multiple functions of MXene in an anisotropic 3D macroscopic form but also clarify its nearly isotropic absorption in the THz band.

A Novel Hierarchically Lightweight Porous Carbon Derived from Egg White for Strong Microwave Absorption

Egg custard is a common dish on the dining table and exhibits a uniform porous structure after freeze-drying. The protein within egg custard is a rich source of carbon and nitrogen, and the custard’s unique microstructure and adjustable electrical properties make it a potential porous carbon precursor. Herein, nitrogen in situ doped porous carbons (NPCs) and potassium-carbonate-modified NPCs (PNPCs) are obtained through a simple gelation and carbonization process using egg white as the raw material. The unique morphologies of the porous carbon are inherited from the protein and include fibrous clusters, honeycomb holes, and a grooved skeleton. Their excellent impedance matching and effective internal loss make the obtained porous carbons good candidates for lightweight electromagnetic (EM) wave absorbers without the need to dope with metal elements. As a representative porous carbon, PNPC10-700 has multiple structures, including fibrous clusters, honeycomb holes, and a porous skeleton. Moreover, it achieves a maximum reflection loss value of −66.15 dB (with a thickness of 3.77 mm) and a broad effective absorption bandwidth of 5.82 GHz (from 12.18 to 18.00 GHz, with a thickness of 2.5 mm), which surpasses the reported values in most of the literature. Thus, gelation combined with the further carbonization of egg white (protein) is a new method for designing the morphology and EM properties of porous carbon absorbers.

Monodispersed Co@C nanoparticles anchored on reclaimed carbon black toward high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption

• CB/Co@C nanocomposites composed of sustainable carbon black and anchored Co@C nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized. • As a novel lightweight electromagnetic wave absorber, the optimal RL min and EAB of -53.989 dB and 6.0 GHz were achieved at thin thickness. • A reasonable absorption mechanism was proposed according to various loss mechanism induced by different components. Recently, developing carbon-based hybrid materials loaded with magnetic components has been generally regarded as a promising and practically feasible strategy when it comes to constructing lightweight electromagnetic wave absorbers. In the current work, reclaimed carbon black (CB) nanopowder was firstly produced by simple burning of wheat straw, which was then employed as sustainable carbon-based host materials (carrier) and successfully decorated Co@C nanoparticles via a simple thermal reduction process. Remarkably, both the as-fabricated nanocomposites and corresponding electromagnetic wave absorption performances could be effectively tuned by tailoring the dosage of the Co@C nanoparticles. The minimum reflection loss (RL min ) of –53.989 dB was achieved for CB/Co@C-2# at 2.28 mm thickness, meanwhile, CB/Co@C-3# was featured by a wide effective absorption band (EAB) of 6 GHz (6.72–12.72 GHz) at a 2.73 mm matching thickness, which covered the entire X band, suggesting that the CB/Co@C nanocomposites were an attractive candidate for electromagnetic wave absorber. According to the synergistic influence of dielectric loss and magnetic loss from CB and Co@C, respectively, as well as the properly matched impedance, a reasonable electromagnetic wave attenuation mechanism was illustrated. It is noteworthy that the preparation process of CB is a facile, recycled, and low-cost strategy for achieving nanoscale carbon-based absorbing materials, moreover, the CB/Co@C nanocomposites provide a reference for constructing lightweight dielectric-magnetic products with superb electromagnetic wave absorption performances.

ZnO/nitrogen-doped carbon nanocomplex with controlled morphology for highly efficient electromagnetic wave absorption

In this work, zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) with yolk-shell and hollow structures were prepared by a convenient chemical etching method. A subsequent pyrolysis of ZIF-8 enabled one to produce ZnO/nitrogen-doped carbon nanocomplexes with original ZIF-8 morphology, where hollow structure showed superior electromagnetic wave absorption capacity and was responsible for matching the impedance of free space. The minimum reflection coefficients of hollow ZnO/nitrogen-doped carbon nanocomplexes were -51.2 dB (700 °C) and -52.4 dB (800 °C), respectively, whereas the effective absorption band width was as large as 4 GHz and the content of pyrolyzed hollow ZIF-8 was 15 wt%, which was inferior to the level among similar electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption materials. The convenient and facile strategy paves the way toward designing hierarchical structures for highly efficient and light-weight electromagnetic wave absorbers.

Manipulation of microstructure of MXene aerogel via metal ions-initiated gelation for electromagnetic wave absorption

MXene aerogels with 3D network structure have gained much attention as lightweight electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbers. It is still challenging to construct MXene aerogel monoliths with excellent EMW absorption capability in a simple way. Herein, the assembly of MXene aerogels was realized by gelation initiated by various metal ions in an aqueous dispersion, where metal ions link the MXene sheets together by bonding with OH groups on the MXene surface. It is found that metal ions have a great influence on the assembly microstructures of MXene aerogels, which are closely related with the complex permittivity of MXene aerogel absorbers. Versus divalent metal ions, MXene aerogels assembled with trivalent metal ions possess relative lower complex permittivity and deliver superior EMW absorption performance. Typically, a broadest EAB of 7.12 GHz can be achieved by MX-Fe3+, ascribing to its good impedance matching and multiple dissipation modes. Overall, this work provides an effective way to fabricate MXene-based aerogels to satisfy the lightweight requirement of future high-performance EMW absorption materials.

Lightweight and broadband electromagnetic wave absorbing foamed cement-based composites incorporated with hybrid dielectric fibers

A novel lightweight electromagnetic wave absorption foamed cement-based material incorporated with carbon and polypropylene fibers was prepared. The effects of fiber category, fiber dosage, and hybrid fiber combination on the wave absorption performance were investigated. Furthermore, the matrix density, pore structure, thickness, and the mechanism of electromagnetic wave absorption for the foamed composites were also evaluated in detail. The results indicated that the foamed cement-based composite incorporated with hybrid dielectric fibers showed favorable absorption capacity with the lowest reflection loss value of −26.40 dB and a broad effective bandwidth of 10.30 GHz. Based on the specific porous structure, the comprehensive electromagnetic wave absorption mechanism was elucidated.

Metal-organic framework-derived Co/C composite with high magnetization as broadband electromagnetic wave absorber

Metal-organic framework (MOF) derived composite is one of the most promising lightweight electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbers. However, it is still a significant challenge to raise its effective absorbing bandwidth (EAB) for enhancing the EMW absorbing performance. Herein, a novel Co/C composite derived from Co-MOF with a large saturation magnetization was fabricated via a solvothermal reaction and a subsequent annealing process. The resultant Co/C composite shows prominent EMW absorbing performance. The EAB of the Co/C composite obtained at 700 °C reaches an ultra-wide bandwidth of 6.9 GHz at 2.5 mm which is much higher than that of most other MOF-derived composites. The excellent EMW absorbing performance is mainly attributed to the perfect impedance matching, caused by the synergetic effect of dielectric loss and magnetic loss. Hence, this work provides a simple method for the synthesis of MOF-derived Co/C composites with prominent EMW absorbing ability.

Confined tailoring of CoFe2O4/MWCNTs hybrid-architectures to tune electromagnetic parameters and microwave absorption with broadened bandwidth

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are highly alluring as an electromagnetic (EM) wave absorber owing to their multi-dimensional structure, high chemical stability, low density, and significant conduction loss, which provide great promises as an excellent EM wave absorber in practical applications. Herein, a simple and controllable solvothermal technique is applied to synthesize cobalt ferrite/MWCNTs (CoFe2O4/MWCNTs) hybrid composite. Various analytical techniques were used to investigate the composition, morphological structure, and electromagnetic parameters of the as-prepared hybrid composite. The obtained results revealed that, a strong network of CoFe2O4 microspheres interweaved with MWCNTs in the prepared hybrid composite. The resultant CoFe2O4/MWCNTs composites achieve a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −50.80 dB at a thickness of 4.2 mm and effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 3.36 GHz at a thickness of 1.6 mm exhibiting the superior RLmin compared to the typical magnetic composite derived absorbers. This research advocates the precise development and designing of unique MWCNTs-based composites as a high-efficient and lightweight electromagnetic wave absorber.

Lightweight Ni/CNT decorated melamine sponge with sensitive strain sensing performance for ultrahigh electromagnetic absorption in both GHz and THz bands

Lightweight electromagnetic wave absorbers with high absorption performance are urgently indispensable in the application of 5G electronic devices and promising 6G communication. Herein, cost-effective approaches of autocatalytic plating and dip-coating with a series of surface grafting are proposed to construct nickel/carbon nanotube (Ni/CNT) decorated Melamine sponge (MS) composite. The resultant MS-Ni/CNT samples exhibit favorable average Reflection loss (RL) of − 25.7 dB (2–18 GHz) and − 69.7 dB (0.1–2.2 THz) at a thickness of 2 mm, respectively. Simultaneously, the Specific shielding effectiveness (SSE) value is over 45.6 dB cm3 g−1 (2–18 GHz) and 66.3 dB cm3 g−1 (0.1–2.2 THz), surpassing most reported electromagnetic wave absorbers. Particularly, to explore the transmission of electromagnetic waves, the RL values and electric field were calculated through Finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulation, and verified by experimental results. In addition, the foldable and electric properties endow the MS-Ni/CNT composite with smart pressure sensitivity which is promising for strain monitoring. The optimized MS-Ni/CNT sensor exhibits high sensitivity under a relatively small strain (4–28%). And the outstanding long-term stability and durability were also conducted by 1200 stretching-releasing cycles between 0 and 28% strain. The as-prepared electromagnetic absorber with high pressure sensing performance demonstrates enormous potential in future military and civilian applications.

Boron nitride nanosheets decorated N-doped carbon nanofibers as a wide-band and lightweight electromagnetic wave absorber

Carbon nanofibers are widely used for electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption. However, it is still worthy attention for rationally optimizing their permittivity. Herein, a satisfactory EMW absorber of few-layer BN nanosheets decorated N-doped carbon nanofibers (BNNS-CNFs) was successfully prepared by electrospinning-assisted synthetic technology. The permittivity of CNFs can be adjusted by introducing of BNNS and N-doped in carbon matrix. As a EMW absorber, BNNS-CNFs/paraffin hybrid with a low filling ratio of 10 wt% shows excellent absorption performances. The minimum reflection loss (RL) is about −58.41 dB at a thickness of 1.6 mm and the widest absorption bandwidth (RL<−10 dB) of 5.76 GHz can be obtained at 1.75 mm. The significant enhancement of EMW absorption performance is mainly attributed to the improvement of impedance match and multiple polarizations after introduction of BNNS and more defects by N-doped. Thus, BNNS-CNFs with lightweight and wide-band at low load content would be utilized as a high-efficiency EMW absorber.

Synthesis of NiCo-LDH/MXene hybrids with abundant heterojunction surfaces as a lightweight electromagnetic wave absorber

In this research, a flower-like nickel/cobalt layered double hydroxide (NiCo-LDH) was synthesized and mixed with flaky MXene to obtain a series of NiCo-LDH/MXene hybrids. The NiCo-LDH/MXene hybrids with excellent electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption performance were obtained by adjusting the load of MXene in the mixture. For a NiCo-LDH/MXene hybrid, its excellent EMW performance comes from the synergistic effect of dielectric loss and magnetic loss as well as the excellent attenuation ability and impedance matching characteristics of the material. The results showed that only with a thickness of 2.18 mm at 12.0 GHz, a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −64.24 dB was obtained when the MXene content is 75 wt%. For the same sample, a maximum effective absorption bandwidth (EAB, RL <−10 dB) of 4.48 GHz (11.04 ~15.52 GHz) was obtained only with a thickness of 2.00 mm. This research proved the effect of the structure and composition of EMW absorber on its performance, and developed ideas for the design and development of high-performance EMW absorption materials.

Enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption performance of polymer/SiC-nanowire/MXene (Ti3C2Tx) composites

Electromagnetic pollution has become a serious issue with the ever-increasing development of portable technologies and commercialization of 5th generation wireless systems. Polymer composites of emerging nanomaterials such as 2D MXene Ti3C2Tx are promising candidates for manufacturing high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption materials. In this work, heterogeneous nanostructures of SiC-nanowire (SiCnw)/MXene were developed in a poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) matrix through electrostatic self-assembly, followed by solution casting and hot pressing. The synergism of the 2D MXene nanosheets and 1D SiCnw with numerous stacking faults in the structure created many heterogeneous interfaces in the polymer matrix. The unique nanostructures within the polymer matrix efficiently led to superior electromagnetic wave absorption properties. The SiCnws:MXene ratio and the SiCnw/MXene concentration were optimized to be SiCnw:MXene = 7:1 and 20 wt%, respectively, to achieve an effective bandwidth of 5.0 GHz over the Ku-band. A minimum reflection loss of −75.8 dB was found at the matching thickness from 1.45 mm to 1.5 mm. The excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance of the flexible PVDF/SiCnw/MXene nanocomposites was attributed to the proper impedance matching, enhanced interfacial polarization and high dielectric loss. Thus, this study introduces a simple approach to develop high-efficiency, flexible and lightweight electromagnetic wave absorption materials with a tailored nanostructure.

NiFe LDH/MXene Derivatives Interconnected with Carbon Fabric for Flexible Electromagnetic Wave Absorption.

Cross-linking network structures are critical to construct flexible and lightweight electromagnetic (EM) wave absorbers, for which effective regulation of the EM parameters is essential. Herein, a versatile strategy has been developed by interconnecting carbon fibers with NiFe-layered double hydroxide (NiFe LDH)/MXene derivatives. The large-sized flaky morphology and conductive nature of the interconnectors induce the percolation effect in the fabric networks with ultralow addition. As such, efficient adjustment of the EM parameters can be achieved by tuning the content of the interconnectors around the percolation threshold, giving rise to an optimal reflection loss (RL) of -58.0 dB and a wide effective absorption band (EAB) of 7.0 GHz at a thickness of 2.5 mm under the incorporation of 7.0 wt % NiFe LDH/MXene. This work provides insights on constructing percolation networks and effective manipulation of electronic and magnetic properties, which can be extended to various areas such as sensing, catalysis, and energy storage.