Light Fidelity Research Articles

Design of Precrash System for Smart Cars by using Li-Fi

In this paper we proposed a system to avoid collision between vehicles by using light fidelity (Li-Fi) technology. The data transmission from one vehicle to another is facilitate with the help of car to car communication (C2C). The model consists of Li-Fi circuit, Arduino UNO, Ultrasonic Range Sensor, Servo Motor. The transmitter section will be placed on the rear light of the leading car and the receiver section will be placed on the front of the following car. The transmitter section placed on the leading car will sent the calculated speed to the receiver section placed on the following car and according to the data received the speed of the following car will change such that it avoids collision. The system makes use of the visible light spectrum for communication between vehicles. Hence the collision detection system become cheaper.

Decent Transmission of Visible Light Communication Info through Light Fidelity

Decent Transmission of Visible Light Communication Info through Light Fidelity

Li-Fi based data transmission and analysis using IoT platform

To transfer the basic information radio communication technologies, like Bluetooth, global positioning system (GPS) and Wi-Fi are used. The need to transmit the data wirelessly and more efficiently is must even so radio communication technologies are universal, limitations of Radio communication technology relies on overpopulation and interference with many other radio applications. For transferring the data through a wireless medium a study has been organized proving the use of visible light. So instead of using a basic radio waves as a communication medium we use visible light and this new technology is called Light fidelity (Li-Fi). The research community has been attracted by the Li-Fi technologies. Because of the modernity there is a need to support the technology. Many leading companies are working on manufacturing of light fidelity (Li-Fi) projects precisely many surveys and research has been organized on this Li-Fi technology. Data is collected from multiple environments through visible light and enhance services in many sectors by making intelligent decisions obtained data are evaluated and processed.

Modern Secured Li-Fi Healthcare System by Using Body Sensor Network

This paper convenes checking patient's prosperity and giving a liberal disapproving of system using quick data trade advancement which is Li-Fi development. Light Fidelity as in the explained structure for Li-Fi was introduced and proposed by German scientist and physicist Harold Hass amied the Ted Global Talks, Edinburgh, Scotland. Li-Fi tackles the standard of clear light correspondence where LED is the wellspring of lighting up for trading the data. Li-Fi goes about as bidirectional, versatile, genuine and a complete organized remote advancement. The proposed model is used to develop a therapeutic administrations watching structure reliant on the thoughts of Li-Fi advancement, which can be an exceedingly convincing variable in crisis facilities and focuses. Li-Fi development is set to endure and override its past advancement which is Wireless Fidelity. Wi-Fi development is certain to have constrainments which are repeat impedances, multipath inciting, etc., which can cause defenselessness in the course of the last results (data).

Adopting Dilution of Precision for Indoor Localization

Due to the rising number of aged people in the last decades, many apprehensions about their quality of life and their personal security in their own homes came to surface especially when these persons prefer to live alone. Compared to other age groups, old persons are more susceptive to domestic incidents, such as sudden illnesses and falls. Therefore, using new technologies in elderly homecare became one of the most urgent issues to study. These technologies are classified into three categories: real time vital sign monitoring, activity recognition and indoor localization. In this paper we present our work in indoor positioning which is the combination of three existing technologies in a more effective, precise and accurate way: Bluetooth Low Energy, Acoustic and Light Fidelity (LiFi). Our main contribution is the proposition of new “dilution of precision” (DOP) indicators as precision weights of the results given by each technology. Depending on these new DOP-like indicators, we were able to judge how much precise and accurate the returned results are. The experiments we conducted proved that precision is much better when using these new precision metrics.

The Role of Optical Wireless Communication Technologies in 5G/6G and IoT Solutions: Prospects, Directions, and Challenges

The upcoming fifth- and sixth-generation (5G and 6G, respectively) communication systems are expected to deal with enormous advances compared to the existing fourth-generation communication system. The few important and common issues related to the service quality of 5G and 6G communication systems are high capacity, massive connectivity, low latency, high security, low-energy consumption, high quality of experience, and reliable connectivity. Of course, 6G communication will provide several-fold improved performances compared to the 5G communication regarding these issues. The Internet of Things (IoT) based on the tactile internet will also be an essential part of 5G-and-beyond (5GB) (e.g., 5G and 6G) communication systems. Accordingly, 5GB wireless networks will face numerous challenges in supporting the extensive verities of heterogeneous traffic and in satisfying the mentioned service-quality-related parameters. Optical wireless communication (OWC), along with many other wireless technologies, is a promising candidate for serving the demands of 5GB communication systems. This review paper clearly presents how OWC technologies, such as visible light communication, light fidelity, optical camera communication, and free space optics communication, will be an effective solution for successful deployment of 5G/6G and IoT systems.

Mobility-aware load balancing for hybrid LiFi and WiFi networks

Light fidelity (LiFi) is a recently proposed wireless technology that operates in a way similar to wireless fidelity (WiFi) but uses light as a signal bearer. Combining the high-speed data transmission of LiFi and the ubiquitous coverage of WiFi, hybrid LiFi and WiFi networks (HLWNets) are able to improve the system capacity of indoor wireless communications. Meanwhile, the process of access point (AP) selection becomes challenging, since the coverage areas of different networks completely overlap each other. Relying on instantaneous channel information, the conventional load balancing method assigns each user to a specific AP, providing the optimal solution for a given time instant. However, this method might cause frequent handovers for mobile users and compromise their throughputs. In this paper, mobility-aware load balancing (MALB) methods are proposed for HLWNets in both single transmission (ST) and multiple transmission (MT) modes. In the ST mode, each user is served by only one AP, chosen from either LiFi or WiFi. In this mode, the proposed method assigns each user to a certain type of network over a period of time, to suppress vertical handovers. In the MT mode, each user is simultaneously served by LiFi and WiFi, and no vertical handover occurs. A joint optimization problem is formulated to balance traffic loads between LiFi and WiFi in this mode. Results show that against the conventional load balancing method, MALB-ST and MALB-MT can improve system throughput by up to 46% and 76%, respectively, with significantly reduced computational complexity.

Implementation of Li-Fi Technology in Classrooms

In this paper the implementation of Li-Fi technology in classrooms has been investigated. It is well known that the visual information is better perceived by the brain as compared with the textual information. Using visuals to explain a concept helps student get a better perception about the topic. To ensure the best of the visual experience, there is a big need of an efficient way of communication between the devices used by students and the teacher.The traditional methods like Wi-Fi or wired connections are not much efficient due to the speed limitation and other factors. Light fidelity, also known as Li-Fi is a type of data transmission technology which uses light rays to transmit data. By implementation of this technology, high volume of data can be transmitted at extremely high speed as it gives higher bandwidth. It also ensures efficiency, security, as well as the mobility of the device. Hence, we are looking to implement this technology to enhance the learning experience of the students. Every student gets a visual input on what, when, where and how anything happens and the concepts are understood easily and thoroughly. Also, it is cheap and safe to the human body.

Li-Fi BASED REAL TIME VIDEO TRANSMISSON FOR PATIENT MONITORING SYSTEM

The aim of this work is to achieve live surveillance of the patient using LI-FI (light fidelity). Lifi is an advanced and promising technology can be used in many medical applications. In this paper, a prototype of live video broadcast using LEDs is proposed. The prototype presented transfers the data with single LED, and is capable of illumination as well as data broadcast. Whole process is kick started by converting analog signal into digital form in transmitter section. LM359 IC amplifies video signal with two inverting amplifiers which possess high gain bandwidth and allows high frequencies and it is coupled to LED which accelerates the transmission process and it’s geared at high speed by receiving the high frequency video signal in digital form by a photo detector. The output from the receiver circuit is analog output given to television module using a RCA cable.

Complex Signal Mapping for Improving Spectral Efficiency of Li-Fi Systems

Light fidelity (Li-Fi) systems based on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme have gained more attention in the communications circles, as a means to provide high spectral efficiency and ensure stricter data rate requirements for visible light communication (VLC) systems. However, common OFDM schemes employ Hermitian symmetry to obtain a real-valued signal which is necessary in intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD) optical systems, at the expense of doubling the required bandwidth. In this paper, a novel transmission scheme for an OFDM-based Li-Fi system is proposed to tackle the issue in question. A new approach to complex signal mapping (CSM), based on the pairing function method, has been developed for Li-Fi systems. It does not require Hermitian symmetry and, hence, saves about 50% of the required bandwidth. Unlike existing OFDM-based VLC approaches, the proposed scheme employs CSM to ensure a real and positive signal without Hermitian symmetry in order to fully utilize the bandwidth available to Li-Fi networks. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme significantly outperforms other systems in terms of spectral efficiency. The CSM-OFDM based Li-Fi system also achieves a good peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction with acceptable bit-error-rate (BER) performance, compared to conventional approaches.

Data Communication Security Issues of Wi-Fi over Li-Fi

Visible Light Communications (VLC) system is called Light Fidelity One such example, analog data is passed to a LED (Light-Emitting Diode) bulb (using signal processing technology), after that it transmits data (which is implanted in its beam) to the detector or photodiode. The small commutes in the brisk feeble of LED bulbs is modulated by the receiver circuit into electrical signal. The signal is then reversed into a duplex data runnel that could be recognized in the same way that of audio, video and web programs that run on devices that has internet enabled. Wi-Fi is vulnerable to breaches involving various security issues such as Rouge Access Points, Denial of Service, Wireless Trespasser, Data Interruption, End point attacks etc. To overcome such restrictions, this paper proposes application level substructure for data communication using Li-Fi (Light Fidelity) Technology. By using LED lights as a transmission medium, the indoor wireless communication is achieved in much faster rate than the one Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) can provide.

Indoor Industrial Monitoring System

Remote Monitoring in industries is most necessary criteria to raise production, profitability, availability of plant and for safeguarding health of the machines. Industries stand in need more man power to monitor; some occasion in faraway of technician it may occur abnormal condition. The system discussed here presents an alternative approach which consists of a robot capable of moving on its own and it has ability to gain information about their environment by keep on observing myriad parameters such as hazardous gas leakage, fire, variation in temperature, cracks in pipeline etc continuously in all the parts of an industrial complex to prevent catastrophic failure and can immediately convey message to central station using light fidelity (LIFI) Technology. It reduces the labor activities necessary in all industries for continuous monitoring of overall parameters using self reliant robot with aid of light fidelity (LIFI) application.

An optical backhaul solution for LiFi-based access networks

The light fidelity (Li-Fi) technology is being considered as one of the most promising solutions that can achieve a dramatic increase in communication capacity and a significant reduction in transmission latency especially when it is deployed in the indoor scenario. This technique can enable fully networking capabilities by exploiting the high speed transmission of visible light communication (VLC) technique and supporting massive deployment of LiFi access points to create a network of attocells. In this paper, we investigate the design of an optical backhaul network architecture that can provide efficient interconnection for LiFi access points. Specifically, we propose a LiFi access-point structure implementing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and optical encoding technique to provide multi-users access and allow all-optical processing and transmission in the backhaul network. A tunable optical encoding/decoding technique based on delaying optical pulses in a vector of optical delay line (ODLs) loops is designed to allow efficient mapping of the OFDM based access and data forwarding in the optical backhaul network. In this encoding scheme, optical codewords can be easily modified by dynamically changing the number of rounds that must be performed by the optical pulse in the ODL. This feature was exploited in the backhaul architecture to enable appropriate mobility management schemes and allow seamless handover between attocells. Performance evaluation using simulation was performed to show that the proposed optical backhaul solution can achieve high transmission capacity with reduced latency.

APSK-CSK Systems Based on Kite and Color Wheel Constructions

Visible light communications (VLC) technology has emerged as a solution for the radio frequency relief and can be implemented, for example, through light fidelity. In most applications, VLC relies on a backbone technology due to its short-range nature. Hence, a combination technique is required to join the backbone network and VLC, preferably in an amplify-and-forward scenario, to reduce the implementation cost. In this paper, leveraging on the robustness of amplitude phase-shift keying (APSK) against channel nonlinearities, we propose a design framework consisting of a mapping technique using APSK and color shift keying (CSK), referred to as hybrid APSK-CSK scheme, to link a backbone network to VLC. The APSK constellation, made of two rings, is based on the kite structure. The ratio of inner by outer rings radii, $\beta$ , combined with four other parameters, namely, the attenuation coefficient of the backbone channel, $\alpha$ , the amplification coefficient of inner signal, $\delta _i$ , the amplification coefficient of outer signal, $\delta _o$ , and the ratio of the APSK-CSK inner by outer rings, $\gamma$ , are exploited to control lighting, color rendering, and the communication performance. Results reveal that the scheme performance is based on the obtained characteristic equations and provides better lighting comfort as the constellation size increases.

Transmission of Audio signals using Visible Light Communication via LEDs

With the episodic increase of advancement in technology, wireless communication has become the need of the hour. The rate at which the use of wireless technology is being developed is tremendous. However, with the increase in usage, there has been unfortunately an increase in network complexity. In order to resolve the crisis of radio frequency spectrum, a newly developed technology has been proposed. This technology has been coined as Li-Fi: Light Fidelity. It is a technology, based on Visible Light Communication, which is used to transmit signals and data from one system to another with the help of a Led. The paper proposes a transmission system which will be responsible for transmitting audio signals from one system to another with the help of Li-Fi. Here a light emitting diode acts as the Li-Fi transmitter and photodiode acting as a Li-Fi receiver.The spontaneous switching of the Led enables propagation of signals through a wireless channel and is picked up by the receiving photodiode. The photodiode adhering to its functiontransforms the optical signals into electrical signals and therefore original data is retrieved and transferred. Additionally, with proposition to the system, a comparative study has been delineated with the already existing system.The existing system of networking and communications involve Wi-fi. The emergence and usage of Li-fi is necessary because it offers a substantially similar user experience to Wi-Fi except using the light spectrum. It is essential as it will able to meet up the connectivity demands of future as it is able to unlock unprecedented data and bandwidth.

Lifi Based Audio Communication for Coal Mine Parameter Monitoring and Automatic Control System

Li-Fi (Light Fidelity) is a quick and shoddy optical rendition of correspondence. The principle segments of this correspondence framework are a high power white LED which goes about as a correspondence source and a silicon Photo diode which demonstrates great reaction to noticeable wavelength locale filling in as the getting component. An essential factor while planning Li-Fi is Line of Sight (LoS). The LED can be turned on and off to create advanced series of 0s. Information is coded in the light which changes into new information by shifting the glinting rate of the LED. Since the speed of the light is exceptionally quick, the transmitted yield is gotten as voice signs to the specialists at the coal mineshaft. Coal mining and oring includes the disclosure of coal and its troublesome works of extraction, notwithstanding its evacuation and deal in the generation of concrete industry. Most wounds occurring in the underground mines incorporates the falling of rocks, slips and blasts. Harmful gas is produced amid the season of mining and oring forms. The mining laborers are influenced by lung illness by breathing in residue and lethal gas in Coal mining condition. This data is implied to the specialists at the coal mineshaft from the higher authorities through Li-Fi as a voice motions in this work

Implementing IoT in Underwater Communication using Li-Fi

Internet of Things (IoT) is attracting more research interest as a result of increased interaction of human with underwater world. IoT technology using Light fidelity (Li-Fi) module plays a vital role in Environmental monitoring, underwater exploration, underwater Disaster management and underwater military Applications. In this paper, we implement IoT in underwater communication using Li-Fi module. However Implementing Li-Fi module in underwater pose grand challenges due to the unique features of underwater channel and acoustic systems. We comprehensively investigate these unique features and finally possible solutions are provided. Simulations are done using MATLAB software to find which color of light emitting diode (LED) is suitable for underwater Communication. It is found that Blue – Cyan-Green Spectral range of wavelength 490nm to 560nm is suitable for underwater communication. We obtain low absorption, scattering and attenuation loss in the Blue – CyanGreen Spectral range. An application was developed for the fisherman to identify number and variety of fishes available in particular location.

VLC, OCC, IR and LiFi Reliable Optical Wireless Technologies to be Embedded in Medical Facilities and Medical Devices.

New, emerging technologies, transform every day our life and have direct consequence on our health and well-being. More and more wearable medical devices (MD) with wireless communication technologies embedded are being developed by innovative academic community and companies. Optical wireless communication (OWC) consisting of Visible Light Communication (VLC), infrared (IR), Optical Camera Communication (OCC) and Light Fidelity (LiFi) along with the conventional Radio Frequency (RF) wireless communication are suitable technologies to be used for hybrid Wireless Integrated Medical Assistance Systems (WIMAS). The WIMAS addressed in this paper consists of two Wireless Medical Body Area Networks (WMBAN) (an insulin wearable kit and an ECG test device with VLC/OCC are considered) and an Emergency Remote Medical Assistance (ERMA) with LiFi technology embedded. Using RF in medical facilities is subject of strict regulations due to interferences with other RF medical devices, negative effects on human health and lack of security. VLC and OCC are suitable to be embedded in MDs in order to be used by the patients with wearable WMBAN. Research on IR transdermal communication for implantable MDs has also been demonstrated as feasible and both VLC and OCC have promising future, as well. On the other hand, LiFi technology, recently deployed on the market, is mature enough to be integrated in the ERMA system addressed here.

Smart Health Care Monitoring System using Light Fidelity and Wireless Biomedical Sensor Network

This paper presents smart health care monitoring using Light Fidelity (Li-Fi) technology and Wireless Biomedical Sensor Networks (WBSNs). The node of each WBSN poised of health care sensors and patient’s health information are transmitted and received using Li-Fi technology. The breathing rate, pulse rate, body temperature and other patient’s body parameters are regularly monitored using WBSNs and Li-Fi based patients monitoring system. The health of the patients cannot be monitored 24X7. Sometimes the health of the patients becomes abnormal in the absence of care taker. For those critical conditions we have proposed a smart health care monitoring system to transfer patient’s records to the observer.

Design and Implementation of LiFi Communication system

Visible Light Communication technology is considered complimentary to Radio Frequency (RF) technology. More specifically, Light Fidelity (LiFi) based Visible Light Communication system appears to have enhanced wireless capability to realize IoT, 5G Cellular System conforming to requirements such as high data rate, low latency, connectivity etc. Recent developments in solid-state lighting technology have significantly influenced LiFi system Architecture. In view of these developments, we propose to carry out a study on feasibility of deploying LiFi technology along with the existing RF infrastructure. We emphasize to look for designing full-duplex LiFi Indoor communication module, utilizing multiple White Light Emitting Diode (WLED) based lighting equipment and integrate the module with network edge devices such as PC, smart phones for establishing efficient communication systems.