Life In World Research Articles

Choosing between energy and ecologies of health: Understanding developmentalism, state formation and local life worlds

AbstractEnvironmental crises, precipitated by a globally dominant model of developmentalism, have changed the lives of less visible communities in geographical peripheries. This study draws on our participant observation of the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) in general as a massive infrastructural development project and the Qadirabad coal power plant as one of many CPEC projects where developmentalism and local lives intersect with each other. We have presented evidence of how massive development projects bring about consequential but disguised social and environmental impacts on locals. The locals' narratives show that the Qadirabad project has brought about economic, agricultural and environmental degradation in their lives. They believe that the governments in Pakistan are conscious of foreign projects with adverse effects on the everyday lived realities of the people but willfully choose to ignore them.

A FOLKLORE EVENT AS AN EXISTENTIAL PERSPECTIVE OF A NON-RITUAL LYRO-EPIC WORK

The article examines the peculiarities of the representation of an existential event in a folklore work, primarily, the function of the existential word. It emphasizes that the category of freedom in the perception of the natural characteristics of a person and their spiritual integrity correlates in lyric-epic works with the understanding of a moral act as an individual decision and an axiom of the entire life path.
 The work focuses on the peculiarities of the existential consciousness of the author-performer, which are revealed in the folklore work through the understanding of the uniqueness of each person, the moments of entering their life world into the world of other people. This can be traced on the example of ballads, chronicle songs, emigrant, rebel, prison songs, etc. The plot modeling of a non-ritual folklore work makes it possible to present each individual act of a person in the aspect of meaning-making of the whole life. So, the folklore event represents such an ethical-philosophical paradigm that makes it possible to understand the act as a fact of unique, unrepeatable being and the moral-ethical dimension of this fact.
 The work focuses on how a poetic word in a folklore work stands out in the field of perception of an important episode of a person's life, which in an artistic interpretation becomes a significant folklore event. The author-performer presents their own vision of the causes of life's drama, and this assessment becomes a kind of invective for understanding important moral imperatives.
 On the basis of examples of lyrical-epic folklore, one can understand the true dimension of the ontological values of the ethnos, in which all events, realities of reality, human actions are shown not in some chosen hierarchy, but in the constant flow of complex and contradictory human existence. The author-performer presents all subjects and objects in a single plane, giving each of them an important meaning.

플랫폼은 인지자본주의를 어떻게 강화하는가

“The human condition in the age of artificial intelligence” analyzes artificial intelligence from the perspective of a combination of data and artificial intelligence in terms of the connection between cybernetics and cognitive capitalism. The human condition in the age of artificial intelligence] discusses cognitive capitalism, focusing on the keywords of mechanical subjugation and social subordination and the cyclical causal relationship between individuation and disintegration occurring in the digital environment. Cognitive capitalism and the way it develops based on its critical perspective helps to form a critical perspective on the impact of artificial intelligence on human existence and life. In this paper, “The human condition in the age of artificial intelligence” is centered on the three keywords of cognitive capitalism, platform, and divided entity, and the way to recognize the essence of the AI era and the mechanism of artificial intelligence, as well as the human perception and understanding of it. Discuss how to respond.
 Cybernetics, which presented the basis for independent automated machines that adapt to environmental changes through automation and feedback, evolved in the form of artificial intelligence and shifted control initiative between humans and machines from humans to machines. The daily use of the Internet and smartphones and the development of artificial intelligence inevitably speed up the inter-transformation between data, information and knowledge and promote automation of the transition. Platforms have become the backbone of cognitive capitalism, which sees information and knowledge as a source of new wealth. In industrial capitalism, if factories that produce products were the main foundation of the economy, in cognitive capitalism, platforms take their place, establishing a system in which most of the labor of workers is also performed through platforms. The foundation of cognitive capitalism is a mechanism built by platforms, big data generated through platforms, and algorithms that combine big data into meaningful information to transform it into concrete profits.
 The platform seeks coexistence with state power by accommodating access by state devices for specific purposes. The ruling system built on the basis of a mixture of mechanical subjugation and social submission causes people's class consciousness or critical social consciousness to change into other forms. It is not the confrontation or contradiction between capital and labor as before, but takes the form of subjectivity combined with consumer consciousness formed in the life world. The platform automates individual thoughts and actions while repeating divisionalization, which reduces individual actions to numerical values, and fragmentation, which returns the data set of divided figures back to the individual.
 The reason why platform companies can grow with high profits lies in the accumulation of various contents produced and shared through voluntary participation and interaction of individuals and the data generated in this process, but platform companies conceal this as much as possible. It is because the platform plays the role of ‘platform rent price’ that it can build a dual accumulation system that receives unlimited data on the results of users’ activities while maximizing their own profits by minimizing responsibility for workers. A platform company is a digital landlord that realizes a dual accumulation system that accumulates both rent profits through land capital and profits using industrial capital. In the end, cognitive capitalism as platform capitalism is maintained through the dual accumulation system of platform rent price. Therefore, a more specific discussion is needed on how to activate the will of individuals to escape from the platform and attempt to recover from a divided body to a substantial body.

How Does Homo Digitalis Empathize?

Purpose. The article aimed at identifying the effects of modern digital technologies on the formation of human morality. Theoretical basis. The research base is the practical communicative philosophy. Originality. It lies in the fact that the article considered a moral interaction between a person and artificial intelligence. Conclusions. Nowadays modern digital technologies have acquired a new importance. Previously, they were only passive assistants. But now they are able to actively influence human nature not only from the outside, yet also from the inside. Now they influence not only the form of thoughts but also their character. It is artificial intelligence that is the cause of the phenomenon of the "information bubble" ("echo chamber"). They are formed by mathematical algorithms for each individual user of the Internet. It is because of these algorithms, which are the basis of artificial intelligence, that we can conclude: they are guided only by strategic rationality. Therefore, they relate to the Internet user only as an object. That is why such a situation can also be a manifestation of the expansion of strategic rationality into the lifeworld, which gives rise to social pathologies. New digital technologies (first of all, social networks) are becoming an integral part of a person’s everyday life, and therefore the background of his/her life world. Virtual life becomes an important part of real life. However, virtual life is formed by the influence of the information stream, which constantly sets new "trends", including "trends" on morality. That is why a person begins to perceive only those events that are contained in this stream. Moreover, s\he can express his\her empathy only when s/he him/herself is able to join this stream and express it in virtual life.

NAHDLATUL ULAMA AND THE TRILOGY OF BROTHERHOOD

Digital technology’s advances are not fully profitable for mankind, but have led to the phenomenon of destructive social change which has changed the mindset and behavior of mankind throughout the world in personal, national and state life. This requires a solution which is a common basic principle in interacting with each other in the digital era. This research looks at the historical role of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) in responding to all social changes that have occurred in realizing peace in the world and reimplementing the spirit of the trilogy of brotherhood (ukhuwah islamiyyah, ukhuwah wathaniyyah, and ukhuwah basyariyyah/insaniyyah) initiated by KH. Ahmad Shiddiq in digital life. This research was conducted by using a literature study approach in gathering data and information, then analyzed and concluded. The results of the study show that there is NU's strong determination and commitment to maintain the world peace through its religious leaders, and the relevance of implementing the ukhuwah trilogy as a basis for thinking, acting and behaving in interactive relationships in the digital era to create world peace.

The Life and Literary World of Kim Seok-beom, Korean Generation Writer in Japan

The Life and Literary World of Kim Seok-beom, Korean Generation Writer in Japan

Lesia Ukrainka: Ukrainian National Identity Against the "Russian Ukrainians" Dichotomy

Purpose. The article is dedicated to the research of Lesia Ukrainka’s correspondence, journalistic and literary-critical articles concerning the problem of national identity as a factor in overcoming the "Russian Ukrainians" dichotomy. Achieving this purpose involves solving the following tasks: 1) to reveal the poetess’s views on the essence and social manifestations of worldview fluctuations in the life activities of the Ukrainian elite at the end of the 19th and 20th centuries; 2) outline her strategy for overcoming cultural "inter-words" in the individual and society. Theoretical basis. The author applies the existential discourse of Foreignness by G. Marcel, criticism of Christianity by F. Nietzche, the theory of the nation by F. Meineke, typology of patriotism by A. Valitsky, the phenomenology of the relationship between the Self and the Other by J. Kristeva, the typology of the Stranger by B. Waldenfels, the ideas of D. Dontsov, O. Zabuzhko, S. Varetska, S. Matsenka, D. Melnyk, Y. Tarasiuk. Originality. The author proves that Lesia Ukrainka is one of the first among Ukrainian thinkers who critically considers the issue of dichotomy in the worldview and life world of "Russian Ukrainians" of the early twentieth century – One’s own and Others’, stopping in the uncertainty of one’s belonging to Russian or Ukrainian culture, rejection of national self-identification. Conclusions. The ways to overcome this dichotomy, alienation from the values of Ukrainian culture, betrayal, and collaborationism, Lesia Ukrainka sees, firstly, awareness of the cultural difference of Ukrainians, that is, the spiritual and psychological incompatibility of the Ukrainian national identity with the Russian one. Secondly, the need for an effective volitional separation from others and the political struggle for unification into the Ukrainian nation as a social and culturally self-sufficient collective self, worthy of a free dignified existence and recognition by other nations of the world.

Образовательный и воспитательный потенциал истории повседневности как компонента исторического образования

The issue of cognitive motivation of students is one of the key issues in pedagogy and teaching methods. The actualization of this issue is currently connected with the problems of modernization of education in Kazakhstan. One of these problems is caused by the search for funds for the development of cognitive abilities of students. The solution of this problem can be facilitated by the use of materials of everyday history in teaching history. This article is devoted to the educational potential of the history of everyday life, the direction of historical research that appeared relatively recently, in the last quarter of the twentieth century, and explores the life world of ordinary people – participants in the historical process. The relevance of the study of the possibilities of using the potential of everyday history in the process of teaching historical disciplines for the development of cognitive motivation of students and their socialization is due to the fact that this issue has been little studied in domestic methodological works. According to the authors of the article, it is impossible to get an objective picture of the past without taking into account all the wealth of historical knowledge, including the history of everyday life. Familiarity with the everyday behavior of people of other historical eras, with their mentality and system of moral values will show students the commonality and continuity of universal culture. The formation of a value attitude to one's past, its emotional perception determines the effectiveness of training. The article analyzes the educational tasks of the history of everyday life, considers the possibility of using innovative methods for teaching it. The authors believe that the formation of students' knowledge on the history of everyday life will contribute to a more adequate perception of the historical process, easier and more productive assimilation of educational material, increase the cognitive motivation of students, stimulate their socialization in society.

‘Life World’ on Ledger: A ‘Scenic’ View

This paper explores the sociological and cultural implications of blockchain technology, specifically focusing on three prominent blockchain ecosystems: Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Algorand. The study utilizes the concept of the lifeworld, which encompasses collective human perceptions and everyday communicative social interaction, to analyze the formation and perpetuation of lifeworlds within these ecosystems. By employing scene theory as an analytical framework, the research identifies structural and thematic aspects of the lifeworlds represented in the discourse on Reddit and Twitter. The analysis reveals how these virtual spaces shape the unique social orderings, normative politics, and cultural identities associated with each blockchain. The study emphasizes the role of identity expression, cultural attitudes towards money, and the dynamics of boundary work within these scenes. Overall, the paper provides insights into the distinct lifeworlds and dynamics of Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Algorand, showcasing the significance of sociocultural factors in blockchain ecosystems and illustrating how a scenes lens offers insights into dynamics at the ecosystem level that may not be visible in an exploration of blockchain technology at the level of technological category.

For Many of Us, He Was a Sort of Guide to the World of High Professional Sociology”. Interview Prepared by D.M. Rogozin

This interview is dedicated to Gennady Semyonovich Batygin (1951–2003), a colleague and friend of Gevork Aramovich Poghosyan. The interview reveals the specifics of his personal communication, the influence that Batygin had on others. The issues of arranging scientific publications, his personal meetings during the 1980’s and 1990’s are also touched upon. The life world is presented of scientific employees who, on the one hand, have achieved significant results in their scientific careers, who by that time had written relevant works on the methodology of social research, received recognition among colleagues, and, on the other hand, those who are easy to communicate with, meet up in their kitchens – not only at the workplace – to discuss things, argue and support each other. The interview reproduces the social environment of the 1990’s, shows how the Merton principle of scientific communism can be realized in practice, according to which knowledge is open and accessible to everyone who is in search of it, and has no status or administrative boundaries.

<em>Roblox</em> and Meta Verch

<em>Roblox</em> and Meta Verch

Герой эпохи новой искренности: попытка культурологического, психологического и литературоведческого анализа монодрам Евгения Гришковца

The paper presents a study of the nature of the experiencing expression in monodramas by E. Grishkovets. This analysis is based on the idea of the human consciousness layering and the hierarchical principle of the organization of “mental spaces” in it, which was considered by F. E. Vasilyuk in relation to experiencing and its expression. The ideas about the work of experiencing as a movement between different life worlds, which are reflected in the monodramas by Grishkovets, are studied in the paper as a feature of the writer’s idiostyle. The narrator of the one-man theatrical shows is considered as a literary hero of the “New Sincerity” era, which replaced the period of postmodern literature. The article traces the features of the experiencing expression in the monodramas by Grishkovets, the associative nature of the author’s consciousness slipping into other life worlds, and the ways of creating (virtualizing) these life worlds.

Overlivings and the complexity of the lives we live

The book consists of an Introduction, Three Parts (Part One “Lifetime and Society's Suffering: A Sociology of Generativity”; Part Two “The Generative World: Perspectives on Genetic Phenomenology” and Part Three “Promulgation of Generative Time: Towards a Phenomenological Critique of Biocapitalism”) and Epilogue. As the exhibition progresses, there is an increasing relevance of the subject of research, reaching a socio-analytical and critical review of fully presented events in contemporary times such as the global pandemic caused by COVID-19 (2020 – 2022) and the war in Ukraine (2022 – 2023). Special emphasis in the review are the socalled “aporias” of the category of property when it is applied to one's own body. They are the subject of exposition in Chapter Seven, entitled “Biocapitalism and the World of Life”.

Colonial Capitalist Heterochronicity: Socio-Ecological Rhythms of the Sugar Plantation and the Formal Subsumption of Historical and Cultural Difference

The Black and Third World Marxist tradition have demonstrated that colonialism is inseparable from historical accounts of global capitalism. This paper contributes to that project through an account of heterochronic capitalist time by indexing both its uneven incorporation of socio-ecological temporalities and its disciplining of enslaved people. To illustrate this, I examine how Western industrial temporal relations are generative of, and imposed through, its conflictual relations with Indigenous Taíno and enslaved West African socio-ecological forms of time within the Caribbean sugar complex. In addition, I emphasize that despite colonial capitalism seeking to merge African and Indigenous socio-ecological temporal knowledge into abstract labour, it is never a totalizing process. In effect, while colonial capitalism wields various techniques to incorporate Indigenous and African life worlds, there are always phenomenological remainders of cultural temporal difference that do not reproduce the logic of capital. Highlighting two contrasting postcolonial readings of Marx’s notion of subsumption, I argue that we can index the existence of a multiplicity of non-linear and cyclical forms of eternal time that comingle and link past, present and futurity. Inscribing their own emergent dialectics, however, I caution that preserved forms of temporal difference can potentially be taken up in service to reactionary political projects.

Tao Te Ching: The Unity of Moral and Social Action for Peaceful Life

Tao Te Ching sacred text, written in China around 600 BC, recommends cultivating non-action by observing the nature of the world. Tao Te Ching first articulated the idea of Wu Wei which means do that which consists in taking no action and order will prevail. The text explains the idea that we should stop trying to force action and get comfortable doing less. Taoism is widely understood to be a single (unity), unitary philosophy, social movement, and natural act. Then, when we do move, our actions are natural and energetic. It can be summarized that Taoist principles are inaction or non-action, simplicity, and living in harmony with nature then everything accomplished the desired result. Tao Te Ching delivered a treatise on how to live in the world with goodness and integrity. Perhaps if we were more aware, we would worry less and could see better what actually needs doing. Therefore, Tao Te Ching reminds us that everyone has a choice to practice self-awareness and exercise their own power in and over the world for a present peaceful life.

Hiroshima als Hindernis und Anstoß

Abstract Hiroshima as Obstacle and Stimulus. War, Attitudes, and Everyday Cosmopolitanisms The article queries the theoretical foundations of cosmopolitan attitudes from the perspective of anthropology and educational philosophy. In a first step, a cosmopolitan attitude is defined as an expression of inner structures of the self towards the ›world‹. In a second step, ›world‹ is differentiated using sociology and anthropology into ›the world of everyday life‹ and ›the world as a totality‹. To bridge the gap between these two conceptions, ›everyday cosmopolitanisms‹ are introduced. The potentials and limits of everyday cosmopolitanisms are discussed in a final step on the example of the Hiroshima Peace Memorial.

Compact Vernier sensor with an all-fiber reflective scheme for simultaneous measurements of temperature and strain.

We propose an all-fiber reflective sensing scheme to simultaneously measure temperature and strain. A length of polarization-maintaining fiber serves as the sensing element, and a piece of hollow-core fiber assists with introducing Vernier effect. Both theoretical deductions and simulative studies have demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed Vernier sensor. Experimental results have shown that the sensor can deliver sensitivities of -88.73 nm/°C and 1.61 nm/με for temperature and strain, respectively. Further, Both theoretical analyses and experimental results have suggested the capability of simultaneous measurement for such a sensor. Significantly, the proposed Vernier sensor not only presents high sensitivities, but also exhibits a simple structure, compact size and light weight, as well as demonstrates ease of fabrication and hence high repeatability, thus holding great promise for widespread applications in daily life and industry world.

Reading Magical Realism in Salman Rushdie’s Midnight’s Children for Supporting EFL Students’ Cross-Cultural Awareness

The present study explores the magical realism contents in the Midnight’s Children by Salman Rushdie. It also aims to investigate the way the magical realism contents to be adapted and integrated into the cross-cultural understanding material to support the EFL students’ cross-cultural awareness. The qualitative research method is employed for analysing the primary source by consulting it to the secondary sources. From the story, it is found that the struggle is available between two opposing structures in a mystical realist document, and one of them is working toward the development of a fantasy universe from the other. These are the worlds of fantasy and life, and they are all present and vying for the reader's interest. Thus, the study may deduce that Rushdie employs magical realist features such as time dilation and the introduction of myth, legends, and folklore. Rushdie has built something unique with Midnight’s Children, and Saleem is honestly attempting to tell the tale of his existence, and the life of the new country. Moreover, based on the contents found, the instructional activities can be designed by adapting the magic realism content found in the story to build the cross-cultural awareness of the Indonesian EFL students. Moreover, magic realism content can also be an alternative and variation on the language and cultural classes.

Plausibility in models and fiction: What integrated assessment modellers can learn from an interaction with climate fiction

Integrated assessment models (IAMs) are critical tools to explore possible pathways to a low-carbon future. By simulating complex interactions between social and climatic processes, they help policymakers to systematically compare mitigation policies. However, their authoritative projections of cost-effective and technically feasible pathways restrict more transformative low-carbon imaginaries, especially because IAM pathways are often understood in terms of probability rather than plausibility. We suggest an interaction with climate fiction could be helpful to address this situation. Despite fundamental differences, we argue that both IAMs and climate fiction can be seen as practices of storytelling about plausible future worlds. For this exploratory article, we staged conversations between modellers and climate fiction writers to compare their respective processes of storytelling and the content of both their stories and story-worlds, focusing specifically on how they build plausibility. Whereas modellers rely on historical observations, expert judgment, transparency and rationality to build plausibility, fiction writers build plausibility by engaging with readers’ life worlds and experience, concreteness and emotionally meaningful details. Key similarities were that both modellers and fiction writers work with what-if questions, a causally connected story and build their stories through an iterative process. Based on this comparison, we suggest that an interaction between IAMs and climate fiction could be useful for improving the democratic and epistemic qualities of the IAM practice by 1) enabling a more equal dialogue between modellers and societal actors on plausible futures and 2) critically reflecting upon and broadening the spectrum of plausible futures provided by IAMs.

Anticipation as Platform Power: The Temporal Structuring of Digital Everyday Life

This article explores anticipation as a temporal structure in digital platforms. It contributes to the growing research of platformisation of everyday life by focusing on temporality as a central dimension of platform power, a key mechanism tying participants by structuring intimacies, socialities, and relations that platforms enable and engender. The article shows how the temporality of foreboding, prospecting and speculating about one’s own and other’s social media presence and actions permeates the user experience. Studying media diaries and interviews with participants from different social and occupational groups (politicians, actors, the unemployed, undocumented migrants), the article analyses anticipation as a structure of feeling, as time- and energy-consuming digital labor and as the embodiment of platform power’s mechanisms. While anticipation has previously been examined as operational logics of the platform economy, this article demonstrates how anticipation also concerns ordinary media users on the level of their everyday life worlds, experiences and practices.