Life Difficulties Research Articles

B - 6 The BRIEF-2A Pattern of Self and Informant Executive Functioning Difficulties in Adults with Epilepsy

Abstract Objective People with epilepsy (PWE) commonly have executive functioning (EF) difficulties on objective testing. However, less is known about subjective EF difficulties in everyday life. We examined self- and informant-rated EF in PWE using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function for Adults-2 (BRIEF-2A). We hypothesized that PWE and their informants would endorse greater EF difficulties relative to healthy participants. Method Participants included 43 PWE who completed comprehensive clinical neuropsychological evaluation at a large Northeastern academic medical center, which included BRIEF-2A Informant and Self Report Forms (Age M = 40.4 ± 17.2 years, 53% female, Education M = 13.0 ± 1.8 years). Twenty-four participants completed self-reports, while 19 had both self and informant reports. The comparison sample included 43 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HC). We analyzed BRIEF-2A subscales using MANOVAs, where elevated T scores indicated worse EF. Repeated measures ANOVAs compared self and informant ratings. Multi-rater comparisons (90% CIs) and chi-squares analyzed patterns of discrepant ratings. Results Self-reported EF difficulties in PWE were elevated across all scales, compared to HC (p’s0.25), with greatest difference observed for working memory (PWE = 69.7 ± 12.7, HC = 44.5 ± 16.7, ηp2 = 0.61). Similar elevations across all scales were observed for PWE informant reports (p’s0.14). PWE rated greater self-monitoring (p = 0.03, ηp2 > 0.23) and emotional control (p = 0.08, ηp2 > 0.16) difficulties than informants. There was 42.1–68.4% concordance between self and informant reports for PWE, compared to 84–95% in HC. Patterns of self and informant ratings were similar between PWE and HC for initiation, planning/organization, and task-monitoring (p’s > 0.20). Conclusions PWE and their informants report high, yet relatively similar, levels of EF difficulties in daily life.

Teacher-Student Relationships and Coping Styles in Chinese Children: The Chain Mediating Role of Peer Relationships and Psychological Suzhi.

As age increases, children will face more and more adversity. How effectively they cope with stress and difficulties of life is of great significance to the development of children's mental health and academic achievement. However, few studies have explored how different interpersonal relationships and psychological suzhi work together to influence children's healthy behaviors, particularly healthy coping in adversity. Therefore, this research focused on the teacher-student relationships and coping styles, as well as the chain-mediated effects of peer relationships and psychological suzhi. A total of 688 children (360 boys, 52.3%; Mage = 10.98 and SD = 0.89) completed questionnaires that assessed using teacher-student relationships, peer relationships, psychological suzhi, and coping styles. The results indicated that teacher-student relationships correlated positively with coping styles, peer relationships, and psychological suzhi in children. Besides, teacher-student relationships positively affected coping styles through both the mediating roles of peer relationships and psychological suzhi. This research elucidated the extrinsic and intrinsic factors impacting the coping styles of children, thus providing empirical validation of existing theoretical frameworks. In China, interventions aimed at promoting Chinese children's positive coping could benefit from strategies focused on cultivating high-quality relationships and enhancing psychological suzhi.

Experiences of Faculty in Nursing Colleges: A Descriptive Phenomenology Study

The future of patient care is being paved by nurse educators, who mentor, teach, and inspire the next generation of novice nurses. Without them, aspiring nurses wouldn't be prepared to handle the constantly shifting needs of the modern, dynamic healthcare system. Nursing faculty needs to be knowledgeable and competent in evidence-based practice, informatics, quality improvement, inter-professional teamwork, and patient-centred care that are delivered with a focus on a culture of safety. As nursing faculties perform multidimensional work with balancing their home environment can create chaos in their life. Hence this aspect lit a spark within us to conduct a qualitative study on Nursing facultiesof southern region of Tamilnadu to analyse their work experiences. Further the study was led by in-depth face to face interview by using semi structured questionnaires. The data saturation was attained with sixteen participants. Colaizzi’s method was incorporated to analyse the data from the nursing faculty. This qualitative study lead a hand for us to showcase various themes like daily routine, job satisfaction, work life balance, interpersonal relationship and difficulties and challenges. There were also various subthemes which gave us insight on work atmosphere of the staff. Hence this study gave us an in-depth knowledge and understanding of individual nursing faculty and improvement so that the work balance could be maintained.

Actions speak louder than words: An exploration of the role of shared activities in mentoring.

The paper explores the experience of mentoring for a group of 18 disadvantaged young people taking part in the PromiseWorks mentoring programme in the Southwest of the UK. It builds on previous studies which showed that the young people in the scheme found mentoring to be valuable in building a positive relationship of trust, mutual understanding and safety. Also, the young people had stated that ‘actions speak louder than words’, namely, that engaging in mutually rewarding shared activities was an important way that this sense of trust had developed. This study aimed to explore this finding further through shared interviews with 18 pairs of mentors and mentees examining the nature of the activities they had engaged in, participants’ views and how this had contributed to the development of their relationship. The findings indicated that they had engaged in a very wide range of shared activities and that these were experienced as having a variety of benefits. They were seen as a source of mutual pleasure, relief from the troubled lives of the young people, helping to gain a state of calmness and fostering abilities to think. The activities were also seen as important in distinguishing the mentoring relationship from relationships with professionals, such as with teachers, counsellors and social workers. An important overall finding was that shared activities could generate a sense of calm for the young people which could make it more possible for them to express and reflect on their circumstances. Talking and reflection emerging spontaneously rather than being felt as an expectation, as in counselling was seen as helpful.

Effect of background noise and memory load on listening effort of young adults with and without hearing loss

ObjectivePeople with hearing loss often encounter difficulties in hearing under adverse conditions, such as listening in the presence of noise. Listening effort is an indicator used to assess listening difficulties in daily life. Although many studies on listening effort have been conducted in recent years, there is a notable gap in the exploration of how task load influences listening effort in young adults. This study compared the effects of background noise and memory load on task performance and subjective listening effort in young adults with and without hearing loss. MethodsThe study included a group of 8 adults with hearing loss (mean age: 24.1 ± 6.0 years) and a group of 16 individuals with normal hearing (mean age: 27.9 ± 4.9 years). A number memorizing task was conducted, involving two types of auditory digits (either three or seven digits) presented under multi-talker babble noise conditions of signal-to-noise ratio of −5 dB [SN −5 dB] or SN +5 dB. Participants determined whether the number presented in the encoding interval matched the one presented in the retrieval interval. Subsequently, they were asked to complete a questionnaire using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) to assess their subjective listening effort. Percentage of correct responses, reaction times, and VAS ratings were compared between adults with and without hearing loss. ResultsOur results showed significant differences between the two groups in the percentage of correct responses and the reaction time under the SN −5 dB conditions, regardless of the memory load. Under the SN +5 dB conditions, a significant difference was found only in the percentage of correct responses for seven digits. In the normal hearing group, the percentage of correct responses and VAS ratings tended to decrease as the memory load increased, even under the same noise condition. Conversely, in the hearing loss group, a consistent trend could not be identified in the effects of noise and memory load on the percentage of correct responses and VAS ratings. ConclusionThese results suggest that in conditions of high noise load, young adults with hearing loss show a higher tendency for listening effort to be affected by other loads. We confirmed that for some participants with hearing loss, the task exceeded a certain level of difficulty in the SN −5 dB and seven digits condition, leading to a change in their motivation and strategy used. Future research should examine ways to control for participants’ motivations.

Mindfulness intervention, homogeneous medical concept, and concentrated solution nursing for colorectal cancer patients: a retrospective study

ObjectiveWe aim to explore the differences of the psychological distress of postoperative chemotherapy patients with colorectal cancer between mindfulness intervention combined with homogeneous medical concepts and mindfulness intervention only.MethodsOne hundred patients with colorectal cancer undergoing chemotherapy after surgery from Sep 2020 to Sep 2022 were enrolled and divided into active control group (Solution centered nursing interventions; homogenized medical and nursing professional teams; dedicated personnel responsible for “admission notices”; Regular follow-up after discharge) and mindfulness group (homogeneous medical concept + and concentrated solution + Mindfulness intervention) with 50 cases in each group according to different nursing methods.ResultsAfter nursing, the physical function, emotional function, cognitive function, and social function of the patients in the mindfulness group were significantly higher than those in the active control group. However, the overall life and economic difficulties of the patients in the mindfulness group were significantly lower than those in the active control group (P < 0.05). After nursing, the observation score, description score, action score, intrinsic experience score, non-judgment score and non-reaction score of the mindfulness group were significantly higher than those of the active control group (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe implementation of mindfulness intervention in colorectal cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy can alleviate the patients’ negative emotions, improve the level of mindfulness, and improve the quality of life of patients.

A laughing matter? Managing hearing difficulties in real life everyday social interactions with adults with hearing loss

Objective This study examines the interactional management of hearing difficulties and hearing aids (HAs) in real-life, video-recorded social interactions with adults with hearing loss (HL) and their families/friends. Design 32 video-recordings in various social settings were analysed using Conversation Analysis. Study sample 20 adults with HL and their families/friends. Results HL and/or HAs did not typically become explicit in conversation. When adults with HL’ hearing difficulties did become explicit in the conversation, they were typically accompanied by laughter/humour. Sometimes the humour/laughter was initiated by the person with HL themselves (i.e. self-directed joking) but more frequently it was initiated by someone else within the conversation (i.e. a tease). Conclusions The findings display the management of the “to tell or not to tell” dilemma in practice, and how humour was often used to lighten the tension when “telling” about HL and/or HAs. The findings also highlight that not all humour is equal: there are different outcomes for adults with HL depending on who initiated the humour/laughter within the context of the interaction. This study highlights stigma-in-action – how stigma related to HL and/or HAs is occasioned and managed within real-life social interactions.

Demographic Dividend and Life Skills in India

Abstract: The current population of India is 1,430,662,911 in the month of August, 2023 based on Worldometer elaboration of the latest United Nations data. India population is equivalent to 17.76% of the total world population. In India, almost 41% of the population was below the age of 20 years. They can utilize their potential to contribute to the economy’s growth by having a better primary, secondary and higher education system. Skill knowledge is very important to utilize their potential effects and it also increases productivity, which further helps in economy’s growth. Youth has a potential and power to change the world for the better. Harnessing the potential of youth for burgeoning economic opportunities is the role of key stakeholders. India has the largest youth population in the world; it becomes a dire need to focus on their development in this 76th year of India’s independence. The cut-throat competition, unemployment, lack of job security, etc. are some of the major concerns for the educated and as a result, they are caught in the mad race. Skill development is a crucial sector relevant to economic growth and reaping India’s demographic dividend. This new challenge requires immediate and effective responses from a socially responsible system of education. Education is important, but education to support and live life better is important, but life skills education bridges the gap between basic functioning and capabilities. Imparting life skill training through inculcating life skill education will help youth to overcome such difficulties in life. Keyword – Demographic dividend, Life skills

Robot voice calls asking older adults daily life difficulties for the prevention of early dementia

Robot voice calls asking older adults daily life difficulties for the prevention of early dementia

Overactive bladder symptoms experiences of diabetic women in Türkiye: A qualitative study.

In diabetic patients, poor management of hyperglycemia and prolonged disease duration may lead to neuropathy-related overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms. To effectively manage OAB symptoms in women with type 2 diabetes, it is essential to know how patients perceive these problems, their lives, and strategies. This study aimed to understand the experience of OAB symptoms in Turkish women with type 2 diabetes from their point of view. A qualitative descriptive design was adopted with individual, semi-structured interviews. Participants were selected by purposive sampling. The data were evaluated by using Van Manen's thematic analysis method. The symptom management theory formed the conceptual framework of this study. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research checklist was used. A total of 18 patients were recruited and individually interviewed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted from May to August 2023. The three main themes emerged: (i) the meaning of OAB symptoms; (ii) difficulties caused by OAB symptoms; and (iii) coping with OAB symptoms. The subthemes included the negative effects of OAB symptoms on daily life, difficulties in physical, psychological, and sexual life, and positive and negative behavior in coping with OAB symptoms. OAB symptoms affect the physical, psychosocial, and sexual lives of women with type 2 diabetes. Women with type 2 diabetes try to cope in different ways but often do not receive the support they need from families. Therefore, nurses should integrate the urinary problems of women with type 2 diabetes into routine clinical assessments and provide counseling to women.

IMPLEMENTATION OF CHARACTER FORMATION FOR STUDENTS THROUGH EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITY MANAGEMENT AT INTEGRATED ISLAMIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOL BANDAR LAMPUNG

Education seeks to build students' moral character and personalities as well as their ability to collaborate with others, be responsible, autonomous, and have high moral standards. It does not merely concentrate on academic success. Participating in extracurricular activities helps students develop positive character traits. Utilizing a case study methodology and a descriptive qualitative approach, this study examines how extracurricular activities shape students' personalities and how they are managed. According to the study's findings, extracurricular activities help kids grow in their social skills, leadership, feeling of accountability, self-assurance, and academic prowess. The purpose of evaluating extracurricular activities is to find out how well they help kids develop desirable character traits. It is possible to develop extracurricular activities by offering a greater range of options, encouraging student participation in the planning and execution process, training managers, and providing suitable infrastructure and facilities. Good extracurricular activity management is essential to developing students' good character traits and equipping them for life's difficulties.

Antipsychotics: beyond dopamine

People with schizophrenia often experience considerable difficulties in daily life because of a wide constellation of symptoms associated with the condition. This article examines the pharmaceutical targets that are being investigated to provide greater efficacy and tolerability than the current dopamine‐focussed drugs.

Use of structural psychological protection mechanisms in dealing with youth in crisis situations

Introduction. In modern conditions, adaptation to the dynamics of tension in social reality is of particular importance. One of the adaptation systems of personality is psychological protection. The optimal functioning of the complex system of psychological protection of the individual determines the effectiveness of overcoming life difficulties, preserves the positive ideas of the individual about himself, allows him to "live" problematic situations with the preservation of mental well-being. The main function of psychological defense mechanisms is to "protect" the content of consciousness from negative, traumatic experiences, ensuring the quality of psychological security of the individual. This allows, in a situation of optimal anxiety, adequate self-esteem, an adequate level of claims, to build and support the socio-psychological adaptability of the individual to the life situation. The purpose of this article is to reveal the possibilities of using constructive mechanisms of psychological protection in working with young people in crisis situations. Materials and methods. 40 students of the Armavir State Pedagogical University (Armavir, Krasnodar Territory, Russian Federation) participated in the study of the content of the protection mechanisms used. The testing was carried out using the methodology for diagnosing the structure and strength of psychological defense (developed by L. Y. Subbotina), and the methodology for diagnosing the dominant strategy of psychological defense in communication (V.V. Boyko). The results of the study. Experimental data obtained during the study showed that in the hierarchy of the high level of protection use, the projection mechanism (22.5%), then rationalization (15%), then the denial mechanism (15%) is the most common in the experimental sample of young people. At the same time, in the response variant of 40 respondents, 18 revealed such psychological protection as aggression, 12 are characterized by peacefulness, and the remaining 10 – avoidance. And when choosing strategies to overcome difficult life situations, respondents chose by importance – orientation to the goal, process and result. Conclusion. Thus, psychological protection is a multi-valued, phenomenologically complex, systemic education that determines the nature of the manifestation of personality and behavior. Therefore, in order to work out an adequate way of responding to young people in crisis situations, it is necessary to take into account the substantial mechanism of psychological defense mechanisms. During the construction of counseling and correctional work, it is possible to use activity aimed at building an adequate strategy for overcoming difficult life situations.

Interpersonal Communication and Mental Health: An Impact Study of Interpersonal Communication Skills on Mental Health of Youth

Effective communication is crucial for mental as well as emotional well-being, playing a key role in determining the way people express themselves, build connections and relate to others. This research focuses on understanding the impacts of interpersonal communication in life of an individual and how does it affects the mental health. Through conducting a survey of 100 individuals of age ranging between 18 to 25 years, we came to the finding that many of the participants struggle in talking or conveying their emotions, which leads to feelings of suffocation and difficulty in daily life. A substantial portion of the respondents mentioned that communication challenges often affect their relationships, while some of them told about experiencing worsened bonds due to communication difficulties. Our findings emphasize the importance of encouraging a better open communication to enhance mental well-being and improve overall quality of life.

Stability analysis of the control object using the Nyquist criterion

Stability is one of the main qualities of control systems, expressing the ability of the system to maintain its current state under the influence of external influences. The study of system stability plays a key role in medicine, psychology, engineering, etc. For example, in psychology, the correct regulation of a person's stress state allows her to withstand life difficulties, adverse pressure of circumstances, maintain health and efficiency. The benefit of analysys the stability of systems is that, having determined the degree of stability of the designed system, it is possible to develop measures and determine means to optimize its structure and parameters, make the system workable and useful. The advantage of using graphoanalytic methods over analytical ones lies in their clarity and simple interpretation. In this paper, models of control objects are considered, and the task of analyzing the stability of the system according to the Nyquist criterion is presented. This criterion allows us to assess the stability of a closed automatic control systems based on the frequency characteristics of an open system. An algorithm for constructing a Nyquist hodograph is also provided, which makes it easy to determine the stability of the system according to the schedule. The paper also provides a comparative analysis of a stable and unstable object, as well as the features of their management. The models presented in this paper can be applied to solving applied management problems in the field of medicine, psychology, technology, economics, etc.

Resilience of men with different types of emotional attachment

The results of a study of the resilience of men in the aspect of their emotional attachment are presented. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the problem of emotional attachment is becoming more and more relevant in psychological research in connection with the recognition of this phenomenon as an immanent source of effective human functioning, its resilience, and the ability to successfully overcome adverse environmental conditions. Modern society, with its information saturation, instability, and acceleration of the rhythm of life, requires resilience from a person to help cope with difficult life situations. In this regard, it becomes important to identify, study, and comprehend those personal characteristics that are responsible for successful adaptation and coping with life difficulties. It is especially important to study this issue in men of the period of middle adulthood – the time not only of the heyday of personal and professional achievements, but also the time of crisis, decrease in vital activity, and the collapse of hopes. The study involved 50 male people, aged 26 to 35 years (Msr. = 30.6), with higher education, married. To process the results of the study, cluster analysis (hierarchical, K-means), the Mann-Whitney difference criterion were used. Two groups of men with reliably avoidant and avoidantly cautious types of attachment were identified, taking into account the data obtained, the features of their resilience were studied. It was found that in men with a reliably avoidant type of attachment, the indicators of vitality are significantly higher than in men with an avoidantly cautious type of attachment. In the theoretical aspect, knowledge on the problems of resilience and emotional attachment of men has been enriched; in practical terms, the results of the study can be used in the activities of a psychologist to prevent men's crisis states during middle adulthood.

Healthy lifestyle of Ukrainians during war: primary analysis of survey data

Purpose. In wartime, individual behavior significantly affects the health status of citizens, as the basic conditions of health are constantly under attack, and the usual way of life is under the destructive influence of various traumatic factors. Understanding the factors, conditions, and trends in promoting a healthy lifestyle (HLS) in wartime realities requires empirical research. The purpose of the article is to conduct a frequency analysis of the data from the survey “Healthy Lifestyle of Ukrainians during War” to incorporate them into the HLS promoting strategies. Methods. Data collection (end of 2023—beginning of 2024) was conducted through surveys (random and panel online samples) containing seven blocks and using Google Forms; 6042 cases were included in the analysis. Results. 1) Sociodemographic characteristics of the sample: men predominate (60%); average age – 38 years; education – mostly higher education (almost 50%) and variations of secondary (40%); professional occupation – most in the field of civil security (44,6%) and social and behavioral sciences (17,9%); geography – predominantly regions in Ukraine distant from the frontline (57,6%) and near-frontline areas (20%); family status – majority lives in families (62%), and alone – 13,2%; monthly income is predominantly low (60%) and average (31,3%); time of taking the survey due to massive missile attacks on Ukraine – mostly during attack-free days (77,5%). 2) Features of HLS: leading health preservation factors – lifestyle (99,8%) and social environment (95,5%); over 50% of respondents currently adhere to HLS; the greatest difficulties in maintaining HLS – during anxiety period, from February to May 2022 (47,7%); almost 40% of respondents understand HLS as both harmful habit cessation, existing beneficial habits adhering, and forming of new ones, while another 28,3% prioritize only harmful habits cessation; leading incentives for HLS adherence – signs of health deteriorating (38,3%), pursuit of personal goals (34.1%), awareness on the destructive impact of chronic stress (31,4%); leading barriers – lack of material resources (46,9%), unfavorable emotional state (26%), and adverse environmental conditions (24,8%); the most challenging aspects of HLS adherence – work-rest regimen (35,1%), rational nutrition (31,1%), physical activity (21,5%). 3) Leading health maintenance (care) practices: making plans, setting goals (80,4%); adhering to a regular work schedule (77%); independent search for information on overcoming psychological difficulties (68,8%); trustful communication with close surroundings (64,5%); attention to hygiene and appearance (61,4%); contributing money to volunteer fundraising (57,9%); keeping informed of news from close circles (56%) and moderate use of expert sources (49,8%); watching movies /series (53,3%) and taking walks (43,3%); prayer (37,4%); awareness on playback theatre (19,6%). 4) Digital well-being: manifested at a moderate level, digital engagement overall fosters positive communication and accompanies respondents’ pursuit of personal goals. 5) Attitudes toward uncertainty: women, those with experience of past failures, and those requiring social support are more sensitive to uncertain conditions. 6) Existential motivations: most realized ones – the ability to value moments of life, respect oneself, and orientation toward the future, yet anxiety, stress, and exhaustion are still the case. 7) Experience related to full-scale invasion: forced displacement (25%); psychological (33,4%), human (death, missing persons) (27,6%), material, financial (27%) losses; law enforcement activity (21,6%); changes in life priorities (71,2%), awareness on the ability to cope independently with life difficulties (58,5%). Conclusions. The results require further processing and will be used to develop HLS promotion strategies in various settings and population categories.

HOẠT ĐỘNG GIÁO DỤC NÂNG CAO KỸ NĂNG XÃ HỘI CHO TRẺ KHUYẾT TẬT

Children with disabilities are a vulnerable group of children who face many difficulties in life and lack basic social skills. By selecting a typical case study, the Vocational Education and Training Center for People with Disabilities in Nghe An province, a combination of quantitative and qualitative information collection methods has been used to clarify educational activities to improve social skills for children with disabilities. Research results show that children with disabilities face many difficulties in social communication. Therefore, children with disabilities have a need for education to improve social skills. Activities to improve social skills for children with disabilities have been organized and received a positive response; However, children with disabilities still have difficulty participating in social skills education activities. On that basis, some solutions have been proposed to improve the quality of social skills education for children with disabilities at the Nghe An Center for Education and Vocational Training of People with Disabilities.

Risk factors and service gaps affecting a sustainable work: a qualitative multi-stakeholder analysis in the context of persons with acquired brain injury living in Switzerland

IntroductionAlong with the social and economic challenges posed by an aging society, creating work conditions that allow persons to stay healthy and work into old age has become a major task of Western societies. Retaining employment after returning to work is particularly difficult for individuals with a disability, as evidenced by the high rate of premature labor market dropout. Individuals with acquired brain injury (ABI) exemplify this challenge, as it often impairs cognitive, technical, and interpersonal abilities that are crucial in today’s labor market. To effectively support these individuals, vocational integration practitioners require comprehensive knowledge of risk factors for premature labor market dropout and effective strategies for sustainable work.ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify perceived risk factors and related service gaps regarding sustainable work for people with ABI, as reported by affected individuals, employers, vocational integration professionals, and health professionals.MethodsSecondary data analysis. Data that was originally collected through seven focus groups and two interviews with persons with ABI, 15 interviews with employers, and 13 interviews with vocational integration and health professionals in the context of the project ‘Sustainable employment’ was re-analysed thematically.ResultsTwo major themes of risk factors were identified: (1) person-related factors (including the subthemes: post-ABI impairments; lack of understanding of post-ABI impairments; poor health management) and (2) environment-related factors (including the subthemes: challenges related to the service structure; insufficient knowledge and education about ABI; challenges at the workplace; difficulties in private life). While stakeholders noted the variety of the currently available services, they particularly pointed to the missing long-term monitoring and counseling services for persons with ABI following the initial return-to-work, reflecting a major challenge for sustainable work. An overarching gap related to the fragmentation of the service structure and the lack of case coordination along the working life.ConclusionsMultiple stakeholders emphasized the importance of empowering individuals, ensuring easy access to professional support, and providing a suitable work environment to address key risk factors and facilitate sustainable work for individuals with ABI. Continuous coaching, long-term monitoring and counseling following return-to-work, were identified as potential strategies to achieve these goals.

Program Pengabdian Mahasiswa kepada Keluarga Dhuafa Pak Ido Syams Warga Plumpang Melalui Pengembangan Usaha Seblak

Introduction: Community empowerment is an effort to increase the dignity of layers of society who are unable to escape the trap of poverty and backwardness. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of empowering poor people. So far, poverty in Indonesia has been recorded to be still very high, which is largely due to the low level of education of the Indonesian people. Therefore, we formed a program to empower the poor by providing skills training programs as an effort to improve their standard of living. In this empowerment, the method of observation/observations in the field/houses of poor families is used. This method is important to provide valid and precise information. So that the category of poor family can be chosen as the most priority, both in terms of life difficulties, family conditions, and the environment where the poor family lives. The results of this empowerment are being able to provide food such as food needs as well as capital assistance to help the business owned by Mr. Ido Syams' family. Through this community service program, Mr Ido Syams can help the economy. In this way, this community service activity has had a positive impact on families experiencing economic problems Objective: This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of empowering poor people. Method: The method used is Participatory Action Research (PAR) Result: The results of this empowerment are being able to provide food such as food needs as well as capital assistance to help the business owned by Mr. Ido Syams' family. Conclusion: Through this community service program, Mr Ido Syams can help the economy. In this way, this community service activity has had a positive impact on families experiencing economic problems