Life Cycle Assessment Of Emissions Research Articles

Configuration Optimization for Sustainable Temporary Houses Employing BIM Procedure

Building information modeling (BIM) is a process for managing the construction information model. The possibility of managing very complex construction orders using information processes has made the work of designers both easier and more productive. In this research, a new process of “assisted design” was implemented for self-assembling temporary houses with high environmental sustainability. The developed procedure allows for the supporting of a nonexpert user in the configuration of housing modules, using the base elements, and assisting them until the energy verification process based on the place of installation. Furthermore, a lifecycle assessment of emissions is made available. This is the result of the interoperability of software enabled by using BIM logic. The proposed work contributes to enriching the range of technical solutions developed to meet the demand for temporary buildings, providing a valid support tool in the design phase, especially when it needs to be completed within a short timeframe. This study introduces a smart configuration procedure that combines aspects of project automation and flexibility with energy efficiency and environmental sustainability needs required for the green transition of building stock.

Life cycle assessment of emissions in construction and operation phases of liquid swine manure management technologies

Life cycle assessment of emissions in construction and operation phases of liquid swine manure management technologies

Assessment and Mitigation of Methane Emissions from Livestock Sector in Pakistan

The study examined Pakistan’s livestock sector to assess the scale of GHG emissions and identified feasible technical interventions through which GHG particularly methane can potentially be reduced. Life Cycle Assessment of emissions from livestock production supply chain for the year 2014 was performed using Global Livestock Environment Assessment Model (GLEAM-i, version 2) developed by FAO. Annual emissions from the livestock sector were estimated at 404.2 million ton CO2 eq., representing carbon dioxide 6.6%, methane 70.6% and nitrous oxide 22.8%. Enteric methane averaged 63.4% of total emissions. Feed production and processing, manure management and energy use contributed 25%, 11% and 1%, respectively to the total sector emissions. Carbon footprint of milk from cows and buffalo was 184.9 against global average of 110.0 kg CO2-eq/kg milk protein and that of beef and mutton was 606.4 against the global average of 235 CO2-eq/kg meat protein. The emission intensity of chicken meat and eggs were lowest 49.6 and 20.8 kg CO2-eq/kg protein, respectively and compared to global averages. Buffaloes produced maximum GHG followed by cattle, goats, sheep and poultry. Mitigation interventions in the form of improved fodder, herd heath and genetics reduced methane intensity ranging from 14.6 to 43.2% compared to baseline. This was associated with 25–100% increase in milk yield and 10–65% in meat supply above baseline scenarios. The strong inverse correlation between methane intensity and milk yield suggested that efforts to enhance productivity reduce carbon footprint of the livestock products thus achieving the dual goals of protecting environment and food security.