Levels Of Tourism Activity Research Articles

Measuring visitor flows using mobile positioning data in three Hungarian second-tier cities

PurposeThe research analyses the spatial-temporal behaviour of international visitors using mobile positioning data (MPD) in three second-tier cities in Hungary: Szeged, Debrecen and Pécs. The purpose of this study is to identify the origins of visitors, length of stay, seasonal concentrations and mobility between cities.Design/methodology/approachA large volume of data generated by foreign mobile phone users was processed and analysed for six consecutive months in 2018. The movements of around 3.5 million foreigners visiting Hungary were captured.FindingsThe data showed significant differences in tourist turnover, mobility patterns and flows indicating different levels of tourism activity and potential in the three cities. This included day trips, cross-border tourism, seasonal fluctuations and activity-driven demand (e.g. special events and cultural tourism).Research limitations/implicationsMPD cannot fully explain or predict drivers of visitor behaviour, such as purpose of visit, the precise activities that they undertake there and the experiences that they gain. It can, however, provide information on spatial and temporal flows, patterns and concentrations of visitors.Practical implicationsThe investigated cities should follow distinct tourism development policies to attract more tourists and strengthen the links with their neighbouring destinations at the same time as differentiating themselves through marketing as competitive alternative destinations.Social implicationsAugmenting tourism has socio-economic implications for residents and communities. The development of cultural tourism and local event-based tourism must incorporate community needs.Originality/valueThe paper analyses the extent to which MPD can provide insights into visitors’ spatio-temporal mobility and flows in relatively under-visited second-tier cities and it highlights opportunities and gaps for big data research in an urban context.

The Diversity of Anuran Species in the Talago Waterfall, Tanjung Raya, Agam, West Sumatera

Changing the function of habitat into a tourism area will have an impact on the diversity of Anuran species. This condition is currently happening in the Talago Nagari Paninjauan Waterfall Area, Tanjung Raya District, Agam Regency, West Sumatra. This study is therefore important for revealing the diversity of Anuran species before the impact to this habitat increase in the future. This study used the VES (Visual Encounter Survey) sampling technique, and information on various localities and the microhabitat of each species was recorded. A total 48 individuals, with 12 species belonging to six families of Anuran was collected. Species diversity in the Talago Waterfall area shows a medium level of diversity, with an index of 2.2653, a medium species richness index of 2.8414. In this area, no dominant species were found with a low dominance index (0.1207). If the level of tourism activity in the Talago Waterfall area increases, it will have an effect in the future by causing habitat disruption and the presence of Anura; thus, related parties must be able to take appropriate action on tourism activities in the area.

A Study on the Localization of Urban Residents' Recreation: A Moderated Mediation Model Based on Temporal Self-Regulation Theory.

The pandemic has resulted in a further reduction in travel distance, recreational radius of destinations and other levels of tourism activity, making "local people traveling locally" a new feature. From the perspective of localization of urban residents' recreation, this paper describes a moderated mediation model based on temporal self-regulation theory. Five representative urban parks in Beijing were selected as study areas, and data collected through a questionnaire were used to discuss the behavioral characteristics of localized recreation and the formation mechanism of sense of place among urban residents in Beijing. The results showed that: (1) connectedness beliefs and temporal valuations positively influenced sense of place, and had a positive indirect effect on sense of place through the mediating role of recreation involvement; (2) recreation benefits positively influenced sense of place; (3) recreation benefits reinforced the direct and mediating role of recreation involvement. Based on these findings, the paper concludes with a discussion of the theoretical value and practical implications, as well as future research directions for park and city management.

Current situation and prospects of the tourist market development of Ukraine

The travel industry is a complex system with diverse economic links. It brings together a large number of industries whose function is to meet the growing demand for tourism products and services. Moreover, world trends in tourism development indicate that its role is growing both locally and globally. To confirm, if we look at individual indicators using the analytical method, according to the International Tourism Organization, the share of tourism in world GDP is about 9% and about 30% in world exports of services and 6% of world trade. The tourism industry employs more than 235 million people or every 12-th worker. If in 2015 about 983 million foreign tourists used the services of the tourist industry, in 2017 their number reached 1 billion. World Tourism Turnover by the end of 2018 reached over $ 1.2 trillion. USA (https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/). It is estimated that Western Europe and the United States receive the highest profits from tourism. Taking a closer look at the characteristics of these indicators, it should be noted that during the period 2014-2018, the share of direct revenues from tourism activity in the structure of GDP production increased slightly from 1.42% to 1.44% respectively over the years. At the same time, in recent years, the total contribution of tourism to the GDP of the country has significantly increased, more than twice or by 97.6 billion, indicating that the tourism industry is gaining importance for the development of the economy and social sphere of Ukraine. By region, the largest number of tourism enterprises is located in Kyiv, Odesa, Lviv and Dnipropetrovsk regions; the smallest number is in Luhansk, Kherson and Zhytomyr regions (Ukraine). Most European countries have a good tourist image, a long tradition of quality tourism services, making extensive use of marketing tools to promote tourism services. Being located in the center of Europe and possessing the potential of tourist attraction, Ukraine has every opportunity to become its tourist center. However, in the current context, our country holds a small share of the world and European inbound tourism market, mainly serving as a tourist supplier to these markets, which means an outflow of funds from the country. Among the problems of development of the sphere of tourist services are following: 1) the political situation in the country; 2) poor information promotion; 3) inconsistency of the quality characteristics of the provision of tourist services; 4) inconsistency of legal regulation; 5) lack of a consistent state policy in the field of tourism; 6) poor quality of transport in the country; 7) domestic tourism. To continue the transformation, the Tourism and Resort Development Strategy for the period up to 2026 was approved. In the long term, the economic effect of the strategic goals of tourism market development will be reflected in the increase of tax revenues from all levels of tourism activity, increase of tourist flows, especially of foreign citizens, attraction of foreign investments in development of tourism infrastructure, creation of new jobs, increase in the volume of tourist services provided. As a consequence, creating systemic and complex transformations in the tourist services market will help accelerate the country's economic growth.

Is the protection of beach and dune vegetation compatible with tourism?

The paradox of development vs. protection and conservation of the coasts highlights the need to determine if tourism and conservation can be compatible rather than opposite activities. We analyzed the spatial and temporal changes in vegetation cover, composition and diversity in three beaches located in the state of Veracruz (Mexico) with different levels of tourism activity (Natural, Trailer Park and Hotels). We calculated tourist density and evaluated vegetation cover, species richness and diversity and analyzed the changes before and after three holiday seasons (winter, spring and summer). The Natural site had the highest vegetation cover (42.8 m2), species richness (14) and diversity (1.50), and Trailer Park the lowest (4.9 m2, 8 species, and 0.897 respectively). The BACI (Before-After-Control-Design) analysis showed no significant differences before and after the holiday seasons. Our results show how low and medium density tourism can be compatible with the protection of beach and coastal dune vegetation.

The Factors of Residents’ Support for Sustainable Tourism Development

In this paper we examined the factors of residents’ support for sustainable tourism development in Mardin city-Turkey, in the context of gender as social structure. We found that people are sensitive about positive and negative effects of tourism, in association with society attachment and involvement, with bigger role for the later. And the perceptions of positive effects reduce their evaluation of the negative effects. Also we found that women are less active in transforming their attitude toward the effects of tourism to behavior toward sustainable tourism. But they are ready, more than men, to support sustainable tourism and ignore its negative effects, in spite of their higher sensitivity for the negative effects. So we recommend raising the role of local community and giving women more chances in the different levels of tourism activities.

Active forms of tourism among lower and higher secondary students in Cracow

The purpose of this paper is to determine organizational forms (formal, non-formal) and the level of tourism activity among young people of secondary schools in Cracow depending on gen- der, the type of school and the education of the parents. The study included 1472 students of schools in Cracow. Physically active forms of tourism are undertaken mostly by girls - 63% rather than by boys - 52%. With increasing levels of education of the parents, the number of young people practicing active forms of tourism also increases. The undertaking of active forms of tourism varies, depending of the type of school attended. Young people in second- ary (63,9%) and primary (65,7%) schools most often chose to go for tourism. In primary (50,1%) and secondary (39,4%) vocation- al schools they go least often. Active forms of tourism usually take the form of informal practice among friends and acquaintances (mostly hiking - 47%).

Tourism activity, terrorism and political instability within the commonwealth: the cases of Fiji and Kenya

AbstractThis paper discusses the effects of terrorism and political unrest on the level of tourism activities in two developing countries that are a part of the Commonwealth, Kenya and Fiji. The paper explores the nature of the attacks and their impacts on the case studies in terms of the effects on the number of tourism arrivals and the volume of receipts. The responses of the governments, the media and the international communities are also examined to see if there are any guidelines to the likely magnitude and duration of the effects. The selection of case studies was limited to developing countries that are also members of the Commonwealth and which have had severe political instability or cases of terrorist attacks, or both. In so doing the paper observes the relationship that exists between the changes in arrivals and the changes in tourism receipts as a result of the occurrence of political/terrorist events. Comparisons are made between the effects on arrivals and receipts and the attempted recovery of both destinations. Although there is some commonality found in the results, the evidence of such a strong stable relationship is by no means conclusive. However, the results do suggest that political events such as a coup and internal political problems have far more severe impacts on the level of tourism activity than a low‐to‐medium, one‐off terrorist attack. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The Hidden Cost of Tourism: Detecting Long-term Effects of Tourism Using Behavioral Information

Increasingly, whales and dolphins are the focus of tourism activities in many coastal locations. Although these activities can affect individuals and populations of cetaceans, the biological significance and hence the cost of these impacts are as yet largely unknown. This study assessed the effects of boat interactions on the behavioral budget of two populations of bottlenose dolphins (Tersiops truncatus) living in similar fjords but exposed to different levels of tourism activities. This comparison makes it possible to assess the costs of short-term avoidance strategies and the threshold at which those strategies are no longer effective. The effects of boat

Accelerated Tourism Development And Its Impacts In Kullu-Manali, H.P., India

Accelerated growth of tourism in the Kullu District of Himachal Pradesh in the Himalaya over the past decade has had substantial impact on the local society, economy and environment. Based on research focused in Manali and environs over this period, growth, development and impacts are described and explained by the unusual geopolitical and other factors which pertain in this area. The analysis shows that the rapid rate of growth which occurred in the early- to mid-1990's has not continued, that the current level of tourism activity may not be sustainable, and that the physical and cultural attractions of the area are compromised by some of the impacts of tourism. The Kullu District contains spectacular mountain scenery and a fascinating cultural heritage with deep historical roots. For centuries it has attracted visitors and has catered to travellers and traders. From the beginning of the 1990's, violent conflict in Kashmir, upgrading of National Highway 21, improvement in communications, effective marketing, and growth of the Indian economy all have contributed to a very rapid growth in tourist visitations and supporting infrastructure which has occurred with both positive and negative effects.

Environmental Considerations in Tourism Development on Island Microstates

The fragility of island environments and the strong perceptual and aesthetic demands by tourists result noticeably in more intense impacts of tourism. This paper examines some of the critical issues involved in tourism planning and development in Bermuda. The discussion centres on broad planning areas aimed at curtailing adverse environmental impact while sustaining appropriate and acceptable levels of tourism activities which ensure desired economic benefits. While tourism-induced environmental problems do exist, this paper argues that Bermuda provides a rare model for other island microstates with dominant tourism sectors such as those in the Caribbean, the South Pacific and off the coast of East Africa in the Indian Ocean.

Tourism and development in South Pacific microstates

This article compares the economic impact of tourism development in five South Pacific island microstates: Tonga, Vanuatu, Kiribati, Niue, and the Cook Islands. While each nation is characterized by very different population sizes, resource bases, and levels of tourism activity, they face a range of common problems in attempting to foster their tourist industries. Following an outline of these problems, the article presents a detailed analysis of the role that tourism plays in the various national economies. The conclusion focuses on the ways in which careful planning may reduce some of tourism's negative impacts and increase the benefits it provides for the people of the region.

Monitoring Current Activity in Arizona With a Quarterly Tourism Model

This article presents a county-specific model for monitoring the level of tourism activity and estimating the volume and expenditures of out-of-state visitors on a quarterly basis.