Level Of Individual Enterprises Research Articles

Features of personnel management of enterprises on the basis of digitalization

Introduction. The transition to the digital economy and rapid development of information technologies actualize the task of companies to find new models of business management. The formation and development of the digital strategy integrated with business and HR strategies becomes prerequisite for ensuring the stable competitive position of enterprise in the market due to its transformation into the technological one. Personnel management is a dynamic subsystem of any enterprise, and qualitative rethinking of human resources management methods and technologies entails a significant impact on the results of the enterprise as a whole. It confirms the special importance of studying the impact of digitization on this area of management. The purpose of the paper is to study the features of personnel management of enterprises on the basis of digitalization. Results. Important aspects of digitization impact on enterprise personnel management are shown. It is focused the attention on the transformation of the most important subsystem of enterprise management – the system of personnel management under the influence of the digital economy. At the junction of digitalization and personnel management, a new form of management arises – digitalized personnel management. The main theoretical provisions of digitalized personnel management are considered, its principles, influence on the internal environment and the labor market as a whole are indicated. Conclusion. Personnel management is the most dynamic subsystem of the enterprise, and a qualitative rethinking of methods and technologies of personnel management entails a significant impact on the results of the enterprise as a whole. It confirms the special importance of studying the impact of digitalization on this area of management. Transformation of personnel management processes under the influence of digitalization is inevitable due to the evolution of enterprise management in general and it is a positive event, because entails increasing efficiency and shifting staff employment to more creative professions, which require unique knowledge, skills and abilities. Undoubtedly, such qualitative transformations will affect not only the internal environment of the enterprise, but also the labor market as a whole and in connection with it the education system. To achieve the positive effect of such transformations, comprehensive work is needed to implement them both at the level of individual enterprises and at the level of the national economic system. Modernization of personnel management methods may require significant investment in technology and communication, but the consequences of non-compliance with consumer experience can be significant not only for the reputation, brand, involvement and retention of employees, but also to achieve the key purpose of the enterprise.

ВЛИЯЕТ ЛИ ГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКОЕ СОСРЕДОТОЧЕНИЕ НА ПРИБЫЛЬНОСТЬ РОССИЙСКИХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ?

The article shows that profitability is, first, the best measurable approximation to productivity at the level of individual enterprises, and, second, an indicator that captures the possible benefits (or costs) of geographical concentration (agglomeration externalities) in their entirety. The analysis of open microdata of Rosstat and the Federal Tax Service on organizations with an average number of employees of no more than 250 reveals that in Russia the differences in profitability between cities and between industries with different levels of spatial concentration are small and poorly related to geographical conditions (the so-called benefits of localization and urbanization). Worse terms of trade, in particular higher labour costs, outweigh the productivity gains from concentration. At the same time, there are weak signs of a smaller spread of profitability among enterprises in more central territories due to better opportunities for imitation and exchange of experience. The profitability of enterprises is significantly influenced by their industry, but this relationship does not arise due to differences between industries in the degree of their geographical concentration. To assess the agglomeration effects, new measures of centrality that appreciate the network nature of territorial relations between residents of localities were used.

СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ И ПРОБЛЕМЫ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ИНВЕСТИЦИОННОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ СЕЛЬСКОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА КИРОВСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ

Investment security is one of the components of economic security both at the country level and at the level of individual enterprises and industries. This structural element is correlated with the level of food security, in connection with which an assessment of investment security was carried out on the example of such a sector of the economy as agriculture. Based on the results of the assessment, conclusions are drawn regarding the need for further study of the level of investment security of agriculture in order to form an appropriate program to ensure its effective level

ВИРОБНИЦТВО АЛЬТЕРНАТИВНИХ ВИДІВ ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНИХ РЕСУРСІВ ЯК ЧИННИК ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ

The article examines the impact of the production of alternative energy resources on improving the efficiency of agricultural enterprises. It is indicated that efficient production in modern conditions is impossible without the extensive use of various energy resources: solar energy, energy from other natural resources, human energy, as well as energy used for the creation and operation of technical means, feed, plant protection products, fertilizers, fuel lubricants, electricity, natural gas, etc. It is emphasized that modern agricultural production is equipped with powerful and high-performance equipment that requires high quality petroleum products. It is emphasized that when evaluating the performance of economic entities, the system of employee incentives should take into account the consequences of energy consumption, the level of energy intensity of production. It is stated that the development of alternative energy in Ukraine is especially important in terms of energy independence, import substitution and environmental and economic security of the country and requires not only technological problems, adoption and unification of legislation, state financial support for projects, but also justification related to the analysis of the resources of the national economy for the development of energy production from various types of alternative sources. It is substantiated that the reduction of energy consumption (along with labor costs and cash) is one of the ways to increase production efficiency, ensure its competitiveness. It is concluded that energy efficiency is one of the main indicators of the effectiveness of any production system as a whole. It is emphasized that the implementation of active energy saving policy (both at the state level and at the level of individual enterprises) can break the proportional relationship between economic development, improving the welfare of citizens and increasing energy consumption, which is achieved through a systematic transition from resource to innovative economic development. The issue of energy security is proposed to be solved at the expense of own sources, by reasonable consumption and economy, at the expense of introduction of innovative energy saving technologies. It is noted that the development and use of alternative energy sources (wind and solar energy, biofuels, etc.) is an important factor in strengthening energy security and reducing the negative man-made impact on the environment.

FORECASTING OF FINANCING OF ENTERPRISE CONVERSION

Purpose of the study. The task set by the President of Russia to increase the output of civilian products at the enterprises of the defense complex to 50% in 2030 requires the study of various ne-cessary resources, as well as models and methods of managing them. In the context of the econom-ic crisis caused by the coronavirus in 2020, the relevance of studying the possibilities of achieving this significant task is increasing. In this work, the goal is to develop a mathematical model, conduct modeling and assess the need for financing the growth of civilian output at enterprises in the re-search and development industry. Methods. A simulation model for multi-period forecasting of the financial state of the enterprise is used. Methods of processing big data are used to obtain the in-itial information. The means of regression analysis are used to determine the dependencies of the fi-nancial statements. Scenario analysis methods allow us to consider and highlight the significant fac-tors influencing the research goal. Results. A multi-period model of forecasting the financial and economic state of an enterprise has been developed to assess the consequences of an increase in ci-vilian production at enterprises of scientific research and development. The initial data of financial statements based on open data from Russian Agency for Statistics (Rosstat) were obtained, and the aggregation of reporting indicators was carried out. Simulation calculations were carried out in the scenarios of inertial growth, growth with an increase in efficiency, and replacement growth. The task of increasing the share of civilian products to 50% by 2030 at scientific and technical en-terprises in Russia will require significant additional funding, an estimate of about 1,300 billion ru-bles in an inertial scenario. The development and implementation of a program to improve the effi-ciency of enterprises significantly reduces the need for additional financing, the estimate is about 1,100 billion rubles with a slight improvement in efficiency parameters. Conclusion. The results of this study can be used to develop industrial development programs both at the industry level and at the level of individual enterprises. Increasing the output of civilian products will require significant funding. Development and implementation of operational efficiency programs of enterprises can significant-ly reduce the need for additional funding.

The role of foreign investments in the Ukrainian enterprises innovative development financing

The market economy opens wide opportunities for intensification of innovation, so therefore its characteristic feature is the acquisition, use of new knowledge and transformation of knowledge and technologies into a full-fledged factor of production. One of the characteristic features of the market economy and the national economy in general is the ability to attract foreign direct investment, which determines the rapid pace of the country's economic development. Foreign investments, in turn, are indispensable for Ukrainian enterprises in today's realities. Foreign direct investment indicates the long-term interest of foreign investors in the functioning of enterprises, it also stimulates development of enterprises through access to foreign capital. It is a way of development stimulation of enterprises through access to foreign capital. Thus, FDI is a way of combating the problem of low domestic savings. The dynamic development of market relations in Ukraine in the context of the transitive type market transformation requires new approaches to economic management both at the macro level and at the level of individual enterprises. The problems of creating such mechanisms for managing the activities of enterprises, which, in addition to ensuring a sufficient level of solvency, liquidity and profitability, would contribute to the direct growth of the general level of scientific and technical knowledge and, as a result, its use in order to boost business efficiency. In general, innovation is a novelty in the field of engineering, technology, labor organization or management, based on the use of scientific advances and best practices. Innovation is the result of innovative activity, as an activity aimed at transforming research and development or a new approach to the process of providing services. As a result of research the basic problems of financing of innovative activity of the enterprises are studied. Emphasis is placed on the fact that innovation activity involves attracting investment resources of foreign business entities to the process of development and implementation of innovations.

STRATEGIC CAPABITIES OF THE ENTERPRISE AS A COMPONENT OF ENTERPRISE MANAGEMENT

Objective. The objective of the article is to substantiate the essence and substantive charac­teristics of the strategic capabilities of an enterprise as an object of the administrative influence of the enterprise management system. Method. In the course of the research, methods of analysis, synthesis and generalization, in­duction, deduction (to identify approaches to understanding the essence of strategic capabilities and their characteristics), as well as calculation, analytical and comparative methods (to study the dynamics of the levels of strategic capabilities of enterprises), graphical and tabular methods (for a visual presentation of statistical material, visualization of the obtained theoretical and practical provisions), as well as matrix methods are used. The theoretical and methodological base of the research includes the provisions of management theory, strategic management, strategic analysis. Results. In the study, based on the analysis of modern approaches to the interpretation of the essence of strategic opportunities, it is proposed to understand them as a set of dynamic strategic resources of an enterprise, which are quite capable of meeting the requirements of market con­ditions and ensuring a stable competitive position in the market in accordance with the chosen strategic course of development. The characteristics of the strategic capabilities of an enterprise as a management category is determined, for which their levels (unique, threshold and average) are identified and strategic management approaches that correspond to them are identified. The authors carry out a study of the existing strategic capabilities of the enterprises of the mining and processing complex according to their levels, the dynamics of their change and the implementa­tion rates both at the industry-wide level and at the level of individual enterprises. The matrix of identification of approaches to the implementation of the strategic capabilities of individual enterprises of the mining and processing complex is compiled, approaches to the management of strategic capabilities are determined by types of activity. The key aspects of managing the strategic capabilities of enterprises are identified as a sequence of implementation of management actions.

The foundation’s principles to the evaluating the logistical potential as a factor in the successful commercialization of innovative production

The purpose of the article is to evaluate the logistical potential of Poltava region in the context of commercialization of innovative production. The article is devoted to the analysis of each component of the logistics regional potential, as well as to the logistics efficiency index for Ukraine. Methodology of research. The tasks set in the article are solved with the help of such general scientific and special methods of research: analysis, synthesis, systemic and dialectical approaches, generalizations, statistical analysis. Findings. The analysis of the values of the logistics efficiency index in terms of indicators: border control, infrastructure, international transportation, quality of logistics services and competence, tracking and delivery, timeliness of delivery), which helps to build a reliable supply chain for commercialization of innovative production at the level of individual enterprises. Based on the set of indicators of each component of logistics potential (transport, human resources, consumer, service, spatial and transit), which affects the success of commercialization of innovative production, the Poltava region was estimated on the basis of statistical data 2016–2018. Practical value. The results of the conducted research can be applied by industrial enterprises of Ukraine to identify opportunities for further development of logistical support for regional markets. Keywords: logistic potential, evaluation, commercialization, innovative production, region. REFERENCES 1. Logistics Report 2015 FTA. (2019). Retrieved from http://www.fta.co.uk/export/sites/fta/_galleries/downloads/logistics_report/Web_files/LR15_WEB_270415.pdf (accessed 20.10.2019) [in English]. 2. Connecting to Compete Trade Logistics in the Global Economy. The Logistics Performance Index and Its Indicators. (2019). Retrieved from http://d21a6b425f3bbaf58824-9ec594b5f9dc5376fe36450505ae1164.r12.cf2.rackcdn.com/LPI_Report_2014.pdf (accessed18.11.2019) [in English]. 3. Logistics performance index. (2019). Retrieved from https://lpi.worldbank.org (accessed 10.10.2019) [in English]. 4. Bilovodska, O. A. (2019). Marketynhova polityka rozpodilu innovatsiinoi produktsii promyslovykh pidpryiemstv [Marketing distribution policy of innovative production at industrial enterprises]. Kyiv : Tsentr uchbovoi literatury [in Ukrainian]. 5. Frejdman, O. A. (2011). Logisticheskij menedzhment potokovyh processov v regione [Logistic management of streaming processes in the region]. Irkutsk : IrGUPS [in Russian]. 6. Frejdman, O. A. (2013). Metody kriterialnoj otsenki logisticheskogo potentsiala regiona [Methods of criteria-based assessment of the logistics potential of a region]. Rossijskoe predprinimatelstvo –Russian entrepreneurship, 3 (225), 127–130 [in Russian]. 7. Transport i zv’iazok Ukrainy (2016–2018). [Transport and Communication of Ukraine]. Retrieved from http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/(accessed 10.11.2019) [in Ukrainian]. 8. Ekonomichna aktyvnist naselennia Ukrainy (2016–2018). [Economic activity of the population of Ukraine]. Retrieved from http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/ ( accessed 10.11.2019) [in Ukrainian]. 9. Pratsia Ukrainy (2016–2018). [Labor of Ukraine]. Retrieved from http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/ (accessed 10.11.2019) [in Ukrainian]. 10. Holovne upravlinnia statystyky u Poltavskii oblasti (2016-2018). [Main Department of Statistics in Poltava Region]. Retrieved from http://pl.ukrstat.gov.ua/ (accessed 10.11.2019) [in Ukrainian]. 11. Valovyi rehionalnyi produkt (2016–2017). [Gross regional product]. Retrieved from http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/(accessed10.11.2019) [in Ukrainian]. 12. Naselennia Ukrainy (2016–2018). [The population of Ukraine]. Retrieved from http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/ (accessed 10.11.2019) [in Ukrainian]. 13. Zovnishnia torhivlia Ukrainy (2016–2018). [Foreign Trade of Ukraine]. Retrieved from http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/ ( accessed 10.11.2019 [in Ukrainian]. 14. Naukova ta innovatsiina diialnist Ukrainy (2016-2018). [Scientific and innovative activity of Ukraine]. Retrieved from http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/ (accessed 10.11.2019 [in Ukrainian]. Published: 2020-03-26

THE ADOPTION OF A GLOBAL ACCOUNTING FRAMEWORK AS A FOUNDATION FOR THE INTEGRITY OF THE FINANCIAL REPORTING

The subject of research in this work is the accounting of non-financial enterprises on a global scale. The subject of the article is to develop a global accounting framework for preparing and presenting the financial statements of business enterprises. The primary objective of the study is by analyzing the applicable accounting frameworks of IFRS, US and EU to derive the concept of financial reporting fundamentals. In the article is supported the thesis that the integration of different national accounting legislation and internationally applicable accounting frameworks is a theoretical and practical possible and feasible process at the center of which lies the deductive conceptual approach. The ultimate outcome of accounting integration will be reflected in the global adoption of the concept that financial reporting is a whole, comprehensive and complete process that aims to provide high quality information about the entity's business, the results achieved and the effectiveness of its operations, the changes in its cash flows and equity. The research approach is aimed at carrying out a structural analysis of the fundamental rules, norms and requirements of the conceptual frameworks of IFRS and the US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles as well as the EU Accounting Regulations. On this basis, on the one hand, the basic similarities and resemblances of the accounting frameworks in question are systematized and, on the other hand, their most significant contradictions are summarized. An attempt has been made to outline the factors, conditions and circumstances that have led to the establishment and adoption of different concepts in the accounting and presentation of financial statements of business enterprises. The article presents the role and importance of the processes of harmonization, convergence and adaptation of accounting rules as part of the evolutionary development of financial reporting. The author draws special attention to the fact that the integration of financial reporting should not be absolutized. Accounting globalization implies that, at global level, basic concepts, principles, rules and bases of accounting and presentation of aggregated accounting information are adopted in the financial statements of enterprises but at the same time hierarchically subject to specific rules and norms corresponding to the local , national and regional specificities. Although a global consensus has been reached on the purpose of financial reporting, at an individual enterprise level, accounting needs to meet the objectives, requirements and needs of both the owners of the capital and the external users of the summarized accounting information. In this regard, the European Union's experience with the enterprise categorization approach and, for each category, the applicable accounting basis and the minimum requirements for the content and structure of the financial statements can be successfully used internationally.

Texmatrix – The knowledge matrix for innovation applied to textile enterprises

Several enterprise management instruments are used to support innovation. The Knowledge Matrix for Innovation (KMI) quantifies intangible assets of an enterprise in order to keep an improved inventory, gap bridges and eliminate redundancies. The KMI was defined and implemented for textile enterprises within the Erasmus+ project TexMatrix, in order to respond to their innovation needs: the KMI was transformed to a Benchmarking questionnaire, a Benchmarking study was conducted with 64 European textile enterprises and Reports on European, national and individual enterprise level were created. The needs of the enterprises were drawn from a SWOT analysis of the European Benchmarking report: 35 project solutions provided by the consortium partners were assigned to six main Opportunities of SWOT analysis. These project solutions contain results in fields like: research, market and training. The solutions altogether with three educational modules for supporting innovation were implemented within an e-learning course in five European languages of the project’s partners: English, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian and Slovenian. The Moodle e-learning course includes various resources (Book, Video) and activities (Quiz, Glossary, Chat and Forum).Training was performed for 199 textile professionals within 8 multiplier events and for 137 young students within 5 blended courses. Textile professionals expressed their interest in implementing some of the project solutions. All created Open Educational Resources are available with free access on the project’s e-learning platform: www.advan2tex.eu/portal/.

Special aspects of master data-based integrated management of region reputation in modern IT environment

Relevancy of issue under investigation is stipulated by rapid changing of traditional assumptions about regions competitive strength. These tendencies are explicitly characterized by (I) digitization of IT processes and (II) convergence of tools enabling advancement and formation of particular territory image. Today’s on-line environment is simultaneously (I) a platform for presenting the region in virtual space and (II) a tool forming preferences of territorial product consumers. While handling the region’s reputation it is necessary to take into account ‘digital footprint’ as an element which is forming the region’s image and competitive strength. Goal of research — development of recommendations to enable task-oriented formation of territorial image in targeted public consciousness.Main methods of this case study are: analysis of theoretical framework and statistic data, monitoring of news media and social media.The present article is addressing special aspects of regional reputation formation in modern IT medium and foreign and national experience regarding territory advancement in IT environment. It displays the possibility of master data employment for the purpose of particular territory image formation in the consciousness of main targeted public.It becomes possible to improve reputation and, as a consequence, to raise competitive strength of the regions in condition of today’s information-communication environment through sequential, systematic and orderly going through ‘recognition and assumption’ stages both in off-line and on-line media which allows, using targeting, to promptly disseminate information with minimum financial costs.Materials presented herein, constitute practical value for active and consistent implementation of digital technologies not only at the level of individual enterprises but for regional authorities as well.

Problem aspects of use of the intellectual property of Ukrainian enterprises

The article is devoted to the study of the processes of formation and use of intellectual capital at Ukrainian enterprises and the analysis of the efficiency of innovative activity of domestic enterprises. The analysis conducted showed that domestic enterprises and organizations nowadays slow down the innovation activity and reduce the efficiency of the use of intellectual capital. Such tendencies are the consequence of the imperfection of the legislative framework for stimulating innovative activity of domestic enterprises; lack of incentive mechanism for developers and inventors, innovative enterprises and organizations. Problems of innovative development are inherent in both the state level of management and the management at the level of individual enterprises. It is necessary to form effective innovative state and regional development programs, to create modern innovative infrastructure, to develop at the legislative level the mechanism of preferential taxation and crediting of innovatively active enterprises, etc.

КОМПЛЕКСНОЕ УПРАВЛЕНИЕ СПРОСОМ НА ЭНЕРГОРЕСУРСЫ НА ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯХ И В РЕГИОНЕ

The article regards the problem of integrated demand management for electricity and natural gas consumption at the level of the Unified Energy System of Russia. The author analyzes the technological and economic features of the processes of production, transmission, distribution and consumption of electricity and natural gas at the level of individual industrial enterprises and regions of Russia, proving the need and feasibility of comprehensive management of demand for their consumption. The author has classified the factors that simultaneously affect the volatility of demand parameters for the consumption of electric energy and natural gas at industrial enterprises, the accounting of which is a key aspect of the information base for managing the demand for energy resources. The article describes the developed model of combined demand management for electricity and natural gas consumption at the UES level, the peculiarity of which is the comprehensive management of demand for electric energy and natural gas, taking into account the general characteristics that affect their consumption, and the synergies of the mutual influence of demand on the consumption of electricity and natural gas. Results of the research have both theoretical and practical significance and can be used in the development of energy efficiency enhancement programs both at the level of individual enterprises and at the level of regions and the country as a whole.

ORGANIZATION AND METHOD OF ACCOUNTING THE SETTLEMENT OPERATIONS AT THE ENTERPRISE

The purpose of the article is to study the essence of the concept of accounting operations as a prerequisite for the effective functioning of any enterprise in the modern market environment. The article considers the problems of organization of accounting in domestic enterprises. Accounting organ-ization studies settlement operations. The Ukrainian legislative approach to accounting is analyzed. The paper presents the author’s definition of the concept of “organization”. In the article the mechanism of organization of registration process and its influence is examined on forming the complete accounting information and acceptance of effective administrative decisions. It was revealed that without the perfect organization of accounting of settlement transactions, it is impossible to achieve positive results of op-erations. It is established that the organization of accounting is a creative process at a particular enterprise or organization and is largely determined by its specificity: volumes of economic activity, the level of mechanization and automation of accounting processes, the presence of highly qualified accounting per-sonnel, management system, reporting and its periodicity. It is stated that the accounting policy is an integral part of accounting organization. Proposals for improving the organization and methodology of accounting and strengthening control over the state of settlements at the level of individual enterprises are substantiated. The author substantiates that the organization of accounting of settlement operations – is the construction of a complex integrated system of information that will provide effective guidance and increase the financial performance of any business entity. It is proved that the organization and methodology of settlement operations is quite a complex system, on which depends the efficiency and correctness of the accepted managerial decisions and the development of the business entity as a whole; therefore, it requires constant research and improvement in the context of a separate accounting object for the performed calculations.

КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ОЦІНКИ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ІННОВАЦІЙНИХ ПРОЕКТІВ ЗАЛІЗНИЧНОГО ТРАНСПОРТУ

Currently, the issues of innovation development are the objects of attention, both at the level of state regulation, and at the level of individual enterprises. One of the methods of increase of innovative activity is the financing of innovation. Investments in innovative projects determine the degree of development, and in consequence of the success of the structures at different levels. Naturally, it is impossible to completely commercialize all innovation projects. In this regard, increased responsibility in the adoption of competent management decisions on the effectiveness and selection of innovative projects based on the methodological principles and evaluation criteria of the projects selected subject to assessment. In contrast to investment, to innovation projects, specific risks and uncertainties due to technological backwardness and market novelty of innovation. Therefore there is a need for new approaches to the assessment of the effectiveness of any innovation project.The article is devoted to approaches to evaluation of efficiency of innovative projects. The evaluation results are the basis for making management decisions about the implementation of the project, both at the level of state power, and at the level of the entity. The article notes the relevance of innovative design, including the introduction of innovative projects at the enterprises of railway transport. The results of theoretical investigation of the essence of the innovative project. Identifies the General features and characteristics of the essence of the innovation project, such as deadlines, performers, etc. are Marked features causing the efficiency of the innovative project. Factors that determine the conditions for decision-making on project implementation. A review of approaches and methods of economic estimation of efficiency of innovative projects and compare methods such as static, dynamic and special. The comparison describes their advantages and disadvantages regarding the application of the innovative project. The advantage of application of a method of evaluation of the effectiveness of advocates simplicity and ease of calculations. When assessing the effectiveness of various methods vary depending on the indicators and criteria of effectiveness of these indicators of efficiency of the innovative project. Each indicator is given a short characteristic. Highlights specific features that contribute to the future development of the innovation project. The conclusion is formulated about the lack of research results concerning approaches to the evaluation of efficiency of the innovative project, and the need for further research.

The Effect of Macroeconomic Factors on the Financial Results of Industrial Enterprises

The dynamics of financial results before the taxation of industrial enterprises of Ukraine for 2005-2017 has been studied, a group of main macroeconomic factors has been identified and the degree and direction of their impact has been quantified. The operation of the mechanism of operating leverage on the change in financial results and at the macroeconomic level has been confirmed. Similar trends were traced in the relationship between the dynamics of financial results and such factor indicators as the dynamics of real disposable incomes of the population, capital investments, exports and imports. The interrelation between the financial results of enterprises of industries and the state of the foreign exchange market and the interrelation of the dynamics of financial results with the market of credit resources has been established. A macroeconomic analysis of the influence of external factors on the dynamics of the financial results of industrial enterprises confirms the existence of a connection between them and provides a basis for concluding that it is necessary to take them into account in the decision-making process at the level of individual enterprises. To assess the degree of interrelationship between the index, the change in the financial results of industrial enterprises and the indexes of changes in the corresponding factor indicators, paired correlation coefficients were calculated, which made it possible to confirm the existence of a link between dynamic changes in financial results before taxation of industrial enterprises and factor indicators. It was determined that the growth of financial results contributes to the positive dynamics of indicators of GDP and real incomes of the population, an increase in foreign trade turnover, especially imports, and, to a lesser extent, capital investments. A multiplicative model for integrated generalized assessment of the influence of a group of macroeconomic factors is proposed and tested, provides a level of certainty and validity of management decisions on forecasting and managing financial results of industrial enterprises.

A Study on the Perception of the Impact of Fourth Industrial Revolution on the Performance of Logistics Management

2016년 클라우스 슈밥에 의해 처음 제기된 4차 산업혁명은 물류 4.0이란 이름으로 물류산업에서도 활발하게 논의되고 있다. 과거 3차례의 산업혁명을 통해 대량생산에서 맞춤형 제품의 생산이 가능해지고 효율화된 소량다빈도 운송으 로까지 발전을 해 왔다. 4차 산업혁명은 사이버와 물리적 시스템(CPS)의 결합이며, 모든 사물과 인간에 발생하는 데이 터와 정보를 상호 교환하게 함으로써 제조기능을 포함한 공급사슬의 디지털화와 물리적 결합을 가져오게 될 것이다. 본 연구는 제4차 산업혁명의 기술들이 물류관리의 효율성과 효과성에 미치는 영향에 대한 화주와 물류업체의 인식 도를 고찰해 보는 데 목적이 있다. 선행연구와 최근 자료를 통해 4차 산업혁명의 물류에 적용되는 기술을 선정하여 화주와 물류업체를 대상으로 설문분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 응답업체들은 4차 산업혁명이 운송, 창고관리, 공급사슬관리, 정보 등에 많은 영향을 미칠 것으로 인식하고 있으며, 물류의 효율성보다는 효과성에 보다 높은 효과(영향)를 가져올 것으로 인식하고 있었다. 또한 개별 기술적인 측면에서는 빅데이터, 인공지능, 사물인터넷, 로봇 등의 기술 순으로 물류에 영향을 미칠 것으로 인식하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 시사점으로는 4차 산업혁명의 기술적 특성이 개별 기업 차원에서 개발 및 대응하는 데 한계가 있기 때문에 국가적 차원에서 관련 이해당사자들과의 협의체를 조직하여 효율적이고 선제적인 대응이 요구된다. 또한 이러한 혁명은 우리가 생각하고 있는 것보다 훨씬 빨리 도래할 수 있기 때문에 4차 산업혁명 관련 기술의 인프라를 준비 하고 데이터 분석 능력에 대한 투자에 관심을 기울여야 할 것이다.The Fourth Industrial Revolution, initiated by Klaus Schwab in 2016, has been actively discussed in logistics industry under the name of Logistics 4.0. Through three times of industrial revolution in the past, we have achieved significant shifts from mass production to tailor-made manufacturing, and have also developed efficient transport system delivering a large volume of small-parcel cargoes. The Fourth Industrial Revolution is a combination of cyber and physical systems(CPS), which will bring together the digitization and physical integration of the supply chain including manufacturing functions, by exchanging data and information between all things and people. The purpose of this study is to examine the perception of logistics companies and shippers how the technologies of the 4th Industrial Revolution have effects on the efficiency and effectiveness of logistics management. Through the previous literature and recent data survey, the technologies of the 4th Industrial Revolution which applied to the logistics are selected and the questionnaire survey have been conducted for the shippers and logistics companies. As a result of the study, the respondents have recognized that the Fourth Industrial Revolution will have a great impact on transportation, warehouse management, supply chain management, and information in order, and predicted that the effectiveness would be more stronger than effectiveness in logistics operation. In addition, it was also found that logistics will be influenced more by technologies such as big data, artificial intelligence, Internet of things, and robots in order. The study implies that the technical characteristics of the Fourth Industrial Revolution are limited to developing and responding at the individual enterprise level, so it is necessary to organize cooperation with related members at the national level in order to take efficient and preemptive measures.

The Information Industry: Measuring Russia by International Standards

Structural changes influenced by ICT are having an impact on production processes and the release of products in the information and communication technology (ICT) sphere and content (on the level of individual enterprises) and are resulting in the pursuit of new approaches to socio-economic development, to increase the competitiveness of the country and to participate in the international division of labour. In order to identify development priorities and prospects in the information industry we therefore need a clear understanding of what the information industry is, what its boundaries are, what forms of economic activity make up this economic segment, and which products form the corresponding market.This working paper summarizes the results of a study to ‘measure’ the information industry as a segment of the economy producing goods and services linked to ICT and content. Methodological approaches are proposed to establish the ‘Information industry’ definitions based on the Russian Classification of Economic Activities (OKVED) and the Russian Classification of Products by Economic Activities (OKPD) in line with international standards and recommendations by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Key indicators of the development of the information industry are also tentatively calculated for Russia and compared with countries abroad.The content of this paper is based on research results commissioned by the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation and the outcome of evaluations and testing at a round table on the subject ‘IT industry: problems of classification and application’ round table (2014) and a session of the statistics section of the Central House of Scientists at the Russian Academy of Sciences on the subject of ‘Developing the “Information industry” and “IT industry” definitions based on the OKVED2 and OKPD2’ (http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/rosstat/sec/tez-abdr.doc). The paper was also supported by the Basic Research Program at the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE) and the subsidy granted to the HSE by the Government of the Russian Federation for the implementation of the Global Competitiveness Program.

Regulation of Structural Changes in the Economy of Ukraine

The purpose of the study is to develop suggestions to improve the government structural policies in the economic sphere. World experience shows that during the restructuring the role of government in regulating the economy is growing. Its high effectiveness in practice has been proven by the approach, according to which structural changes in the country should start from primary industries. Export revenues of those industries are specifically used for the modernization of industries following next in the technological chain, and the expansion of high-tech production. High and stable results were achieved in economic development of those countries, which pursued the policy of dosed liberalism. This enabled them to not only maintain the current level of domestic production, but also improve its international competitiveness according to the principles of dynamic (not static) comparative advantages. The current technologies in Ukrainian government and public administration are not effective and seem to be inappropriate. Result of comprehensive liberalization and loss of control over economy was the lack of a meaningful strategy during the transformation of the national economy. Accordingly, at the level of individual enterprises in the region there is no strategic vision of the problems. Thus, during the years of reform there emerged an objective conflict between strategic management (which is missing) and operational management. This point of view makes it impossible to answer the question, which of the many options offered by structural reform has a historical perspective, also this point of view contradicts to all experience about ways to get out of structural crisis. Studying the experience of implementation of structural change in many countries has shown that despite the theoretical recognition of monetarism as the primary and most effective means of resolving most of the economic problems, and despite the long and strong market traditions in most developed countries, during the period of structural changes and the formulation of targeted structural changes, the role of state becomes more significant, the government structural policy is actively used, the main objective of which is to accelerate the transition from recession of production to growth and improve national competitiveness at the global level. The main areas of mechanism of structural policy implementation in Ukraine should be: 1) optimization of sectoral and technological structure of the economy 2) providing progressive structural changes by means of organization of investment breakthrough. Only in terms of the investment boom by creating own innovative products and supporting demand for those products, there may be progressive structural changes. The efficient implementation of structural changes in the economy of Ukraine, which is a set of measures aimed at restoring the sphere of material production and diversification of the real economy sector, is not possible without deliberate government regulation. Methods: dialectical, Economics and Statistics, abstract and logical

Non-Farm Enterprise Productivity and Spatial Autocorrelation in Rural Africa: Evidence from Ethiopia and Nigeria

The productivity of non-farm enterprises in rural Africa may be associated with the productivity of other spatially proximate farm and non-farm enterprises. To test for the presence and significance of such spatial autocorrelation we use data from the geo-referenced 2011 Ethiopian Rural Socioeconomic Survey (ERSS) and the 2010/2011 Nigeria General Household Survey (NGHS). We find evidence of significant spatial autocorrelation. Productivity of non-farm enterprises is widely dispersed across space in both countries. In Ethiopia rural non-farm enterprises are more productive in locations where farms are less productive. In Nigeria, we find evidence for spatial autocorrelation at the individual enterprise level but not at the community level, once we control for location variables. Hence, taking spatial autocorrelation into account using spatial lag and spatial error models, we find education, age, size of the household, religious affiliation and community infrastructure are significant determinants of the labour productivity of non-farm enterprises in Ethiopia and Nigeria. This is the first time, to the best of our knowledge, that the productivity of rural non-farm enterprises in Africa has been studied in this way.