Leucocyte Picture Research Articles

Hybrid Convolution neural Network and Graph Neural network for Detection of Leukocyte

In pathology and medical diagnostics, the identification of leukocytes, white blood cells essential for immune system function, is significant. The hybrid neural network model used in this study, which combines the strengths of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and graph neural networks (GNNs), gives a unique method for the identification of leukocytes. Due to the intricate spatial and relational patterns visible in microscopic pictures of blood samples, leukocyte identification is difficult. The proposed hybrid model incorporates a GNN module to record the contextual associations among leukocytes in a blood sample and a CNN module to extract fine-grained characteristics from individual leukocyte pictures. Each leukocyte picture is seen in this paradigm as a node in a network, with the edges denoting the interactions between the cells' locations or contexts. While the GNN module uses graph-based representations to capture the connections and dependencies between leukocytes within a blood sample, the CNN module efficiently extracts local visual characteristics from leukocyte pictures. These two modules are used to produce a thorough and context-sensitive depiction of the leukocyte detection issue. The importance of this study resides in its potential to increase the precision and effectiveness of leukocyte identification in pathology and medical diagnostics, leading to better patient care and illness diagnosis. This hybrid CNN-GNN model may also be used for a variety of other medical image analysis tasks that call for taking both local and contextual information into account. In successfully identifying leukocytes in microscopic images, this hybrid CNN-GNN technique shows promising results. Accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score are common assessment metrics used to assess the model's performance.

Leukocytic picture in pediatric Coronavirus Disease-19 infection

Background: Coronavirus is a large family of enveloped single-stranded zoonotic RNA virus, causes a wide spectrum of disease including Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). It is a systemic disease where immunological response has been cited as the most important parameter for both COVID-19 related death as well recoveries. Among all the blood parameters, leukocytes play the most important role in mounting an immune response. COVID-19 being a novel virus has enough literature on its leukocytic picture in adult population which is being lacking in pediatrics study. Aim: The aim of the study was to study the leukocyte picture of COVID-19 positive pediatric populations admitted in Assam Medical College and Hospital. Methods: An observational study was conducted on COVID-19 positive pediatrics patients (Age >1 month–12 years) as detected by rapid antigen test/reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and whose blood samples could be sent for investigations. Patient’s status and leukocytic picture at the time of admission were studied. They were followed up till discharge. Results: A total 54 COVID-19 positive patients were enrolled in the study. The mean age group was 8±2 years and gender was male predominant. Out of 54 patients enrolled in the study, 38.89% had lymphocytopenia, 25.9% neutropenia, 24% normal blood picture, and 12.96% had leukocytosis. Four patients expired and 50 patients were discharged. Neutropenia was found in 100% of the mortalities. Conclusion: Lymphocytopenia is the most commonly found deranged blood parameter. Neutropenia when found in COVID-19 positive pediatrics population, signify poor prognosis.

Erythrocytic Oxidative Stress Indices and Haemato-biochemical Changes in Fluorotic Cattle from Industrial Fluorotic Zone of Odisha

Effect of chronic fluorosis on haemato-biochemical parameters and oxidant-antioxidant equilibrium in cattle of industrial fluorotic zones of district Angul, Odisha, India was studied. Ten fluorotic cattle of visible clinical signs of endemic area and ten healthy cattle of non-fluorotic area were selected for the present study. Plasma fluoride level along with haemato-biochemical parameters was studied. Erythrocytic oxidative stress parameters like catalase, superoxide dismutase and lipid peroxidase were examined from 10 % red blood cell hemolysate. Statistical analysis of these two groups revealed altered haemato-biochemical parameters. There is high plasma fluoride level in the fluorotic cattle as compared to the healthy ones. The blood samples of the fluorotic cattle showed significant decrease (P ≤ 0.05) in haemoglobin, total erythrocyte count, total leucocyte count and packed cell volume as compared to healthy cattle. Differential leukocyte picture showed significant decrease (P ≤ 0.05) in neutrophil count in fluorotic cattle while increase in eosinophil, monocyte and lymphocyte percentage as compared to cattle of non fluorotic zone. Fluoride affected cattle revealed significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) levels of alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine level, whereas significant decrease (P ≤ 0.05) in plasma calcium level and increase in plasma phosphorous level was recorded in fluorotic cattle as compared to healthy ones. Marked increase (P ≤ 0.05) in lipid peroxidation whereas decrease in catalase and superoxide dismutase activities was observed in fluorotic cattle as compared to healthy ones.

It takes two to tango: Phagocyte and lymphocyte numbers in a small mammalian hibernator

Immunity is energetically costly and competes for resources with other physiological body functions, which may result in trade-offs that impair fitness during demanding situations. Endocrine mediators, particularly stress hormones, play a central role in these relationships and directly impact leukocyte differentials. To determine the effects of external stressors, energetic restraints and competing physiological functions on immune parameters and their relevance for fitness, we investigated leukocyte profiles during the active season of a small obligate hibernator, the edible dormouse (Glis glis), in five different study sites in south-western Germany. The highly synchronized yearly cycle of this species and the close adaptation of its life history to the irregular abundance of food resources provide a natural experiment to elucidate mechanisms underlying variations in fitness parameters. In contrast to previous studies on hibernators, that showed an immediate recovery of all leukocyte subtypes upon emergence, our study revealed that hibernation results in depleted phagocyte (neutrophils and monocytes) stores that recovered only slowly. As the phenomenon of low phagocyte counts was even more pronounced at the beginning of a low food year and primarily immature neutrophils were present in the blood upon emergence, preparatory mechanisms seem to determine the regeneration of phagocytes before hibernation is terminated. Surprisingly, the recovery of phagocytes thereafter took several weeks, presumably due to energetic restrictions. This impaired first line of defense coincides with lowest survival probabilities during the annual cycle of our study species. Reduced survival could furthermore be linked to drastic increases in the P/L ratio (phagocytes/lymphocytes), an indicator of physiological stress, during reproduction. On the other hand, moderate augmentations in the P/L ratio occurred during periods of low food availability and were associated with increased survival, but reproductive failure. In this case, the stress response probably represents an adaptive reaction that contributes to survival by activating energy resources. In contrast to our expectation, we could not detect an amplification of stress through high population densities. Summarized, results of our study clearly reveal that the leukocyte picture of active edible dormice responds sensitively to physiological conditions associated with hibernation, reproductive activity and food availability and can be linked to fitness parameters such as survival. Thus edible dormice represent an excellent model organism to investigate regulatory mechanisms of the immune system under natural conditions.

The measurement of serum haemoglobin reactive protein in selected groups of cattle and its use in clinical practice

Abstract The presence of serum haemoglobin reactive protein (HRP) as an indicator of infection has been suggested. The serum HRP levels in varying groups of cattle were measured. A reference range, established on 233 cattle, of 0–10ώmol/1 (as methaemoglobin binding capacity) was used. Forty eight of 104 cows that had recently aborted had raised serum HRP levels. Of 37 cows that had recently aborted, 26 had a leucocyte picture typical of bacterial infection and 18 of these had raised serum HRP levels. Eleven cows with a normal leucocyte picture had normal serum HRP levels. Seventeen cattle, with clinical infection and leucocyte pictures typical of bacterial infection, all had raised HRP levels. Of 133 cattle in which infection was considered a possibility by the attending veterinarian, 53 had an abnormal leucocyte picture with a raised serum HRP level. The mechanisms of a raised serum HRP level are unknown but, at the clinical level, its association with pyogenic infection make it a useful test in the confirmation of pyogenic infection.

Effect of Antibiotics Therapy Following Abdominal Cesarean Section on Leukocyte Picture

Effect of Antibiotics Therapy Following Abdominal Cesarean Section on Leukocyte Picture

Effect of Antibiotics Therapy Following Abdominal Hysterectomy on Leukocyte Picture

Effect of Antibiotics Therapy Following Abdominal Hysterectomy on Leukocyte Picture

Lymphocytopenia induced in a strain of laboratory mice by agents commonly used in treatment of ectoparasites.

SummaryThe normal leucocyte picture of heart blood of the Prince Henry strain of mice is presented. Tetmosol and Lanokil have been shown capable of producing gross modification to this picture by inducing an acute lymphocytopenia. The results are discussed with respect to immunological aberrations‐which might follow the use of disulfiram for the treatment of chronic alcoholism.

Studies on the Biological Effect of Eosine

The author conducted feeding tests to determine the biological effect of eosine with D.D. strain of mice ond rabbits. The following resutts were obtained : 1.LD50 Test : The LD50 was 5.491g/kg and the 95% reliable range was3.621 to 8.322g/kg 2.Blood Concentration : Maximum blood concentration and urine excretion values were ohtained 4-6 hours after oral admininstration. Traces were still evident in the blood after 5 days and 5.2% of the amount administered were excreted in the urine after 5 days. Continous feeding for 3 days revealed that blood concentration increased with the number of feedings and that it was stored in the body. 3.Body weight Changes : Decrease in body weight was noticed in the group fed with eosine. 4.Blood Changes : Daily feeding of eosine resulted in a significant decrease in the number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin and blood sugar values, but no changes were found in the number of leukocytes, specific gravity of the whole blood, Plasma and inorganic elements of the serum. Nageli's toxic granules were observed in the leukocyte picture after two weeks of feeding which increased with the length of feeding and covered 31% of the field after 6 weeks of feeding.This phenomenon is signiicant in addition to the changes found in the number of erythrocytes and blood sugar value. 5.Urine Changes : Analyais of the urine showed no significant changes in the sugar and urobilinogen. Proteinuria was found in the group fed eosine which clearly shows that the kidneys were ffected. 6.Organotropism : Significant pathological changes were found in the kidney. Acute nephrotic tissue changes were foudd. The aomodnt of congestion of the kidney and haemosiderosis of the spleen makes it difficult to conclnde that eosine was responsible. No Significant changes were found in the other organs.

The Acute Radiation Syndrome in Dogs after Total-Body Exposure to a Supralethal Dose of Ionizing Radiation (Co 60 LD 100/88 hours )

Changes in the following variables were measured in two groups of dogs before and after exposure to a supralethal dose of gamma -radiation LD/sub 100/ 88/ hr: (1) blood picture. (2) serum protein and electrolyte levels, (3) measured and estimated total blood volume and ratio F cells, (4) clearance of rose bengal as an estimate of hepatic blood now, and 15) clearance of Diodrast as a measure of renal blood flow. - I group I measurements were made at daily intevals until exitus, and the results from each dog were compared with its preirradiation baseline values and with those from a shamtreated group; in group 2, in order to minimize blood toss from sampling, only baseline and premortal determinations were made. I both groups, after proper allowance was made for sampling deficits, the results were similar. (1) The well-known changes in the leukocyte picture were again observed: early abortive leukocytosis was followed by rapidty progressive leukopenia until only a negligible number of white cells were present at 12 to 18 hr before death. (2) No significant changes in serum etectrolyte or protein levels were obseved that could be interpreted as contributing to the death of the animal. (3) Significant reductionsmore » in total blood volume brought about by a reduction in red cell mass and a relatively greater reduction in plasma volume occurred only in the premortal stage (10 hr or less before death) and onty in a few instances were the reductions in blood volume of the magnitude to be considered intolerable. (4) Both hepatic and renal blood flow were well-maintained until shortly before death, when a general coltapse of the circulation occurred. (auth)« less

The effect of cecal coccidiosis on the blood cells of the domestic fowl. 3. The changes in the leukocyte picture during the course of the infection

Eimeria tenella infection causes marked changes in the leukocyte picture during the course of an infection. A lymphopenia and heterophilia were observed on the 5th day and an eosinophilia on the 10th day of the infection. No significant changes were observed in the monocytes and basophils through the course of the infection. A marked leukocytosis began on the 7th day and persisted through the recovery phase of the disease.

肺結核患者の血清Bilirubinに関する研究

I have measured the serum bilirubin of the lungtuberculosis patients with various types. The results are as follows:(1) The total bilirubin in the healthy persons and patients having become positive to the tuberculin skin test within 6 months shows a little high level, but not efficent.(2) The total bilirubin of the lungtuberculosis patients become decreased in the severe cases and become increased in the light cases, but it's increase is not efficient. The prosperity and decay of the indirect bilirubin follows in the one of the total bilirubin, but the direct bilirubin is not observed in the most of cases and it's prosperity and decay is parallel to the one of the total bilirubin when it is observed. But it become increased in the severe cases while the total bilirubin become decreased. Because of the reverse absorption by the connection with the pathogenic changes of the liver tissue.(3) The total bilirubin become decreased in tPe gollowing cases, with active process, aggrabating symptomes, strict rest, cavity especially big cavity or maltiple cavities, remarkable body weight loosing, increased blood sedimentation rate, fever, positive bacillus in sputum, and aggravating leucocyte picture etc.(4) The total bilirubin become most decreased in the exsudative type of the mixed phthisis and the next is the productive type of it.(5) The total bilirubin of the lungtuberculosis patients with the complications especially intestinal tuberculosis shows remakably low, and it shows high in the cases with hemothorax or bloody phlegm, but it shows low in the ceses with the tendency of anemia.(6) No connections are observed between the total bilirubin and the days of illness or/and the lung function.(7) The total bilirubin is not influenced in the most of cases with the short period of various treatments, except it become decreased in the cases with the treatment of INAH and increased in the cases with the treatment of artificial pneumoperitoneum.In the cases with the longstanding administration of BAS, the total bilirubin become increased as same as the cases getting well by other treatmtnts, but it is not changed in the cases without any changes of symptomes by the use of PAS. The direct bilirubin is not easily changed even on the cases having showed a good respondency to the treatments.(8) The prosperity and decay of the serum bilirubin is not a characteristic of the prognosis in lungtuberculosia at the present time with advanced treatments.

Leucocyte Picture after B. C. G. Inoculation

In the observation of leucocyte change after B. C. G. inoculation especially the leucocyte picture was compared with tuberculin allergy.1) After B. C. G. inoculation the number of leucocyte increased and it continued 1 to 2 months duration.2) In leucocyte picture the number of lymphocyte decreased within 1 to 2 weeks after B. C. G. inoculation. On the contrary. the number of neutrophil leucocyte increased and moncyte was late in increasing, moreover irregular in rate. Eosinophil leucocyte always increased within 1 to 2 weeks after inoculation and it continued 1 to 2 months duration.3) In relation between tuberculin allergy and leucocyte picture. especially eosinophilia, the appearance of eosinophilia was earlier than that of tuberculin allergy.

Effects of Choline on the Leucocyte Picture and on the Serum Cholinesterase Activity in Rabbits

In 1906, Werner and Lichtenberg reported that choline injections in rabbits produce sterility or lessened fertility, analogous to the effects of x-ray or thorium X, which was followed by Werner and Asher, reporting blood and skin changes similar to that produced by x-ray (1–4).

骨髓穿剌に関する基礎的研究

I have taken some investigations on the manipulation of intramedullary transfusion, along with on the effects of the transfused blood on bone-marrow vessels, parenchyma, as well as the peripheral blood picture; then, further about the fate of blood used for the blood transfusion.(1) It has been observed that sinus nets have increased its capacity to an maximum extent, immediately after the blood transfusion, centering on a part of blood transfusion, so that the diameter of sinuses has become several times larger that of normal one; though it is evident that certain sinus nets would never succumbed to change. The destruction-ends of sinuses owing to marrow-puncture have already been blockaded immediately after the operation. Some sort of recovery on the part of vessels was taken place in an area destructed in the bone marrow, due to blood transfusion; which probably would cost it 7 days or so until the entire regeneration has been achieved. No intersinusoidal capillaries could be detected in those sinus nets.(2) Though such sinuses as the collective sinuses which were not affected by the marrow puncture, or the principal sinus that were not subjected to ordinary obstruction, have increased their volume after the transfusion on a sudden, no self-destruction occurred; which, it would cost 2 or 3 days to recover normality; in some cases, even after 5 days, entire recovery could not occur.(3) Arterial capillaries have been influenced in no wise at the time of puncture, except they suffered the destruction; even in that circumstance, their destraction-hole would be closed in two days lapse.Moreover, no marked change occurred to the position of arterial capillaries and capacity, under the blood transfusion.(4) Almost no vessel destruction would happen to both the paralell arterial branches or the principal artery, due to the marrow puncture, and transfused blood; besides, neither the positions nor the capacity proved change at all.(5) A marked appearance of nucleated erythocytes were detected in peripheral blood after the blood transfusion, but it would decrease in paralell whith the regeneration of sinus nets. so, after 5-6 days, no trace has been detected.(6) The left shift of nuclear is wont to cotinue till 7th day from the operation, at leucocyte picture, arriving at the climax 2 or 3 days after. Also, the leucocytes stood in a correlation with those pseudoeosinophilic lucocytes which, even if would decrease for a while after the blood transfusion, increases on the spot, regenerating gradually into the normal state in 24 hours.(7) As to the fate of transfused blood, a part would invade directly into sinuses at its end, then went out of the body; while other part, though existing for a while between the sinus-wall and the parenchyma, in gradual stage demolish sinuswall, shifting into the sinuses and out of the bone-marrow. Further, that part of transfused blood destructed in parenchyma has turned to Hemosiderin, and been absorbed as foreign matter.

Choline Studies in Rats Following Whole-Body X-Irradiation

ArticleCholine Studies in Rats Following Whole-Body X-IrradiationDorothy J. Buchanan, William J. Darby, E. B. Bridgforth, Granville W. Hudson, and J. Ann EfnerDorothy J. BuchananFrom the Departments of Biochemistry and Radiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, William J. DarbyFrom the Departments of Biochemistry and Radiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, E. B. BridgforthFrom the Departments of Biochemistry and Radiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, Granville W. HudsonFrom the Departments of Biochemistry and Radiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, and J. Ann EfnerFrom the Departments of Biochemistry and Radiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TennesseePublished Online:01 Sep 1953https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplegacy.1953.174.3.336MoreSectionsPDF (931 KB)Download PDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesGet permissionsTrack citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInWeChat Previous Back to Top Next Download PDF FiguresReferencesRelatedInformation Cited ByEffect of γ-irradiation on Blood lipidsExperientia, Vol. 16, No. 12Effects of Choline on the Leucocyte Picture and on the Serum Cholinesterase Activity in RabbitsJapanese Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 5, No. 1 More from this issue > Volume 174Issue 3September 1953Pages 336-340 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1953 by American Physiological Societyhttps://doi.org/10.1152/ajplegacy.1953.174.3.336PubMed13092252History Received 4 June 1953 Published online 1 September 1953 Published in print 1 September 1953 Metrics

The blood leucocytes in infectious malignant catarrh of the ox and rabbit

Summary The results are recorded of repeated examinations of the blood leucocyte picture in eleven cattle and fourteen rabbits infected with a virulent “head-and-eye” strain of bovine infectious malignant catarrh. In cattle there was a progressive leucopenia commencing at about the same time as generalised lymphatic gland enlargement. The leucopenia affected all cell types, but there was a relative mono nucleosis, with the appearance of large primitive cell-types. In one animal which survived 4o days following the first reaction there was recurrent fever with polymorphonuclear leucocytosis. In rabbits the response varied. In nine there was a leucocytosis, in three a mild leucopenic response, in two no significant change in total counts. The leucocytosis was due to large numbers of cells which appeared to be abnormal large lymphocytes. In all cases there was an increasing proportion of non-granular cells during the reaction.

The Peripheral Blood Picture in Some Diseases of Animals

Examinations of single or multiple blood samples have been made in a variety of diseases of domestic animals. The total peripheral blood picture is of no diagnostic significance except in the case of the anaemias. The leucocyte picture may, in conjunction with the clinical picture, be of some value as an aid to prognosis.

Some Observations on the Blood Leucocyte Picture During the Intradermal Tuberculin Test: II—The “Skin-Lesion” Reactor

Some Observations on the Blood Leucocyte Picture During the Intradermal Tuberculin Test: II—The “Skin-Lesion” Reactor

Some Observations on the Blood Leucocyte Picture in Bovines During Reaction to the Intradermal Tuberculin Test

Some Observations on the Blood Leucocyte Picture in Bovines During Reaction to the Intradermal Tuberculin Test