Lens Of Theory Research Articles

Perceived uncertainty and multiple embeddedness of digital startups

PurposeThis study focuses on the multiple embeddedness of digital startups into digital platforms and explores how digital startups utilize this strategy to cope with the uncertainty of digital entrepreneurship. This study examines the effects of perceived uncertainty (PU) on the multiple embeddedness of digital startups and the boundary condition effects of investment irreversibility (IR) and industry growth potential. Through the lens of real options theory, this study proposes a theoretical model that considers the nature of multiple digital platform embeddedness as a process of constructing a real option portfolio in response to uncertainty and a mechanism for creating strategic flexibility.Design/methodology/approachThe current research conducted a two-wave questionnaire survey and collected data from digital startups in China. The final sample consists of 316 digital startups. This study used Stata and Amos to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe findings reveal that digital startups are more inclined to embed in more digital platforms under uncertainty, and PU negatively affects relational embeddedness and structural embeddedness. These results suggest that digital startups leverage multiple platform embeddedness to manage PU and maintain flexibility. Moreover, IR positively moderates the relationship between PU and flexible multiple embeddedness strategies, whereas industry growth potential negatively moderates the relationships.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature on digital entrepreneurship by extending the nature of digital platform embeddedness. It integrates a novel perspective of real options theory into the research stream of digital platform entrepreneurship, thus offering insights into how startups can navigate the complexities of a rapidly evolving digital landscape.

Cinephilistinism and the Second Coming

This article argues that Palestinian cinema can collectively be understood as adopting a crip aesthetic that gives expression to how, after Jasbir K. Puar (2017) , Palestinians are routinely and systematically rendered disabled, or debilitated, by the Israel Occupation Forces. It is through the twin lenses of disability theory and critical race theory that I propose the concept of cinephilistinism, a term that attempts two things: firstly, to express an essayistic opposition to both a cinematic settler-colonial occupation and the support, be that tacit or explicit, lent to that occupation by various purportedly cinephilic institutions; and, secondly, to function as a means for currying what Steven Salaita might term, apropos of Indigenous and Palestinian relations (but here applied to Palestinian solidarity networks more generally), “inter/nationalism” or “solidarity, transnationalism, intersectionality, kinship, or intercommunalism” with Palestine at this moment of intensified Israeli state brutality. What is more, the article will latterly pitch cinephilistinism against a western theological Zionist myth regarding the (Second) Coming, which has Palestine as its focus, such that the battle for Palestinian freedom becomes the battle for the future of humanity, with cinema playing a key role in this struggle.

Digital inclusion in public services for vulnerable groups: A systematic review for research themes and goal-action framework from the lens of public service ecosystem theory

Digital inclusion in public services for vulnerable groups: A systematic review for research themes and goal-action framework from the lens of public service ecosystem theory

Musculoskeletal triage physiotherapists' perspectives on their role, the patient journey and implementation of interface triage clinics in primary care in Ireland.

Musculoskeletal triage physiotherapists' perspectives on their role, the patient journey and implementation of interface triage clinics in primary care in Ireland.

TINJAUAN TEORI FEMINISME LIBERAL TERHADAP TRADISI LAMARAN GANJURAN DI DESA MAYONG KABUPATEN LAMONGAN

The tradition of proposing ganjuran is a tradition of proposing marriage carried out by women. This tradition is carried out by women because it is seen as a form of respect for men. However, this tradition is often considered to have deviations from the concept of gender equality. Therefore, this research will examine in more depth whether the practice of applying for ganjuran carried out by women is in line with the principles of gender equality promoted by liberal feminism. This research aims to analyze the tradition of ganjuran proposals in Mayong Village, Lamongan Regency through the lens of liberal feminist theory. Using qualitative methods, this research will explore the meaning of each stage in the ganjuran proposal tradition, and analyze how this tradition influences the position and role of women in society. The results of the research show that the ganjuran tradition reflects more progressive social change, namely a shift in patrilineal norms in Mayong Village society as in liberal feminist theory. The existence of the ganjuran tradition shows that women can be active in public spaces, especially in determining their life partner and by referring to liberal feminism it can be a tool to encourage gender equality in the Mayong Village community.

Degrowth and Public Choice: Navigating Private Interests and Power Dynamics for a Sustainable Future

This article examines degrowth through the lens of public choice theory. Since degrowth is both a political and economic concept, public choice provides a useful framework for analyzing its various dimensions. Degrowth challenges the dominant ideology of constant economic expansion, promoting a deliberate reduction in resource consumption to restore ecological balance, reduce inequality, and improve collective well-being. However, the article emphasizes the difficulties of implementing degrowth policies, pointing to the self-interested motivations of key social actors: voters, politicians, and bureaucrats. Voters often prioritize their own utility when choosing a party or policy, while politicians focus on reelection and bureaucrats aim to expand their department’s budget. These individual interests often conflict with the broader goals of degrowth, making the transition to a more sustainable and equitable society difficult. The article critically analyzes degrowth from a public choice perspective, underscoring the systemic obstacles posed by inherent self-interest. It also argues that since government outcomes are often the result of the collective actions of self-interested individuals, the public choice perspective has the potential to provide useful insights for degrowthers.

‘“It was not a bad dream … it was reality.” Examining sequential unprecedented crises in an ultra-peripheral tourism destination through the complexity theory lens

ABSTRACT While the tourism and hospitality literature discusses different crises affecting businesses and their stakeholders, few studies examine firms confronting sequential extreme situations, in particular, firms operating in ultra-peripheral regions. While addressing this research gap, this study makes conceptual and empirical contributions. First, the experiences of La Palma Island’s hospitality and tourism firm owners and managers, after experiencing COVID-19 and the 2021 volcanic eruption, were gathered through semi-structured interviews to determine their impacts, ways to overcome them, and lessons learned. The analysis helped develop 12 dimensions with conceptual and practical value, including the bottom-line predicaments (impacts), harnessing entrepreneurship (overcoming impacts), and community welfare (key lessons learned) dimensions. Differences in perceptions between those living near and more distant from the volcano’s impacts were identified. Second, the study proposes a theoretical model that enhances understanding of sequential, unprecedented crises, offering insights into the future sustainability of tourism and hospitality firms.

A contingency-coping framework for tourism decision-making strategies under adverse weather

ABSTRACT Weather adversity poses a considerable stressor for tourists, shaping their coping strategies and the responses of tourism companies. However, the full extent of this impact remains underexplored. This paper investigates the effects of adverse weather on the tourism sector, with a focus on the adaptive strategies employed by both businesses and tourists. Using a social constructivist approach, we analyse interviews with tourism business representatives and tourists’ written narratives through the theoretical lenses of coping and contingency theory. The findings offer a theory-driven integration that captures the nuanced effects of weather on tourism, providing empirical support for the contingency-coping framework.

Analytical and Practical Study of Digital Game-Based Learning under the lens of Activity Theory: a Geometry game case study

Digital Game-Based Learning (DGBL) is a complementary methodology to traditional instruction. However, it often faces conceptual and practical limitations in learning environments that are in constant change, such as its focus on the closed nature of games, and a narrow focus on single competences. To address these drawbacks, this paper proposes a holistic and systemic analysis of DGBL through the third generation of Activity Theory (AT). Specifically, it presents an analysis of DGBL as a socio-technological system, exploring the ”zone of proximal development” of Learning, Teaching, and Game Designing Activity Systems (AS). Emphasizing several components of AS, we propose a learning-teaching model that involves students and teachers as both players and creators of game challenges, and also consider game designers as orchestrators of scaffolded competences. This model is vali- dated through a case study of GeoBuild, a geometry game for 3D spatial skills development, conducted in a Math’s class at a secondary school. The initial results are promising and highlight the potential of our proposal, showing that when students both play and create game challenges, the learning experience becomes more effective and engaging even with complex content like that found in the geometry curriculum.

Emergency Medical Commander: a multimethod case study applying the lens of Path-Goal leadership theory.

In 2020, the Gold Coast University Hospital emergency department (ED) established a Medical Commander role; a medical leadership position with a focus on optimising patient flow. The objective of this study was to understand how the role executes leadership tasks to promote patient flow and its impact on staff working in and with the ED. A multimethod case study approach combined data from documents, observations staff interviews and surveys across a breadth of stakeholders. Data were deductively themed and triangulated through the analytical framework of Path-Goal leadership theory to provide a comprehensive analysis of the Medical Commander role functions and impact. The Medical Commander role dynamically exhibits a combination of directive, supportive and participative leadership behaviours to enact and deliver patient flow leadership across a breadth of stakeholders. Path-Goal theory illuminates the environmental and personnel characteristics that have contributed to the role's perceived successes in patient flow and employee motivation. In addition, the application of this theory identifies several crucial enablers, including role characteristics (ie, clinical and service seniority, division-wide oversight and absence of clinical load) that support the dynamic use of leadership behaviours observed in this study and their effect on staff morale and patient flow. As rising demand and complexity increase the risks associated with delays to patient care coordination and flow, the senior-level oversight and enabling leadership behaviours provided by the Medical Commander role represent a viable and effective intervention to manage these gaps.

Understanding the achievement goals of adolescent instrumental learners

ABSTRACT Instilling positive motivational beliefs in musical learners is vital to promoting long term engagement with music beyond the school years. This qualitative interview study explores the motivation of nine adolescent instrumental learners in an English school through the lens of achievement goal theory. Participants discussed experiences aligning with self-approach, other-approach, other-avoidance and task-approach goals. Thematic analysis identified a number of influences on achievement goals not yet fully explored in the achievement goal literature, namely family influence, peer influence, musical identity, ownership over learning and the intrinsic value of music. As well as illuminating the lived experiences of adolescent musicians, the findings of this study also provide new insights in achievement goal theory research by applying the 3 × 2 achievement goal model to adolescent instrumental learners. Implications for music educators seeking to promote longer-term musical engagement are recommended, notably in the provision of broad musical experiences to promote positive musical identities.

Financial Deception: Analyzing the Solvency Misstatement at Lehman Brothers

ABSTRACTThis study examines the misrepresentation of solvency at Lehman Brothers, focusing on a pivotal moment in financial history. The analysis reveals that a closer evaluation of the components of the accounting equation indicates significant leverage, which is critical to understanding Lehman's overall solvency. In contrast, liquidity pertains only to short‐term solvency. The findings are viewed through the lens of agency theory and insights from positive accounting theory, particularly about managers’ self‐interest and the role of corporate governance in mitigating managerial opportunism that led to significant misstatements in financial reports. It was noted that Lehman's CEO withdrew considerable amounts through bonus compensations and equity sales. Testing the debt‐equity hypothesis showed that Lehman manipulated solvency figures to obscure excessive leverage resulting from substantial debts. This investigation highlights how deceptive financial practices can have extensive repercussions, underscoring the need for transparency and accountability within the banking sector. Understanding these misstatements is essential to prevent future crises and foster a more ethically sound financial environment. Additionally, ineffective governance and inadequate audits manipulated accounting transactions that obscured Lehman's solvency risks.

Auditor insights on hyperinflation and audit practices in Lebanon under IAS 29: a qualitative approach

PurposeThis study investigates the practical implications of IAS 29, Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies, on audit practices in Lebanon. It examines how Lebanese auditors address the challenges posed by hyperinflation while maintaining compliance and audit quality.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopts a qualitative methodology, relying on interviews with ten experienced auditors in Lebanon conducted between December 2023 and April 2024. Two rounds of interviews were conducted to gather data.FindingsThe findings reveal significant challenges in implementing IAS 29, particularly in the restatement of financial statements to reflect current purchasing power, the use of reliable inflation indices and addressing inconsistencies across clients. The study highlights the unique pressures faced by auditors in Lebanon, including weak institutional frameworks and hyperinflation’s complexities and inconsistencies in applying IAS 29. The insights gathered were analyzed through the lenses of institutional theory and positive accounting theory (PAT) to contextualize the interplay between regulatory pressures, economic incentives and audit practices.Research limitations/implicationsThe study centers on auditors’ insights, potentially neglecting perspectives from other stakeholders.Practical implicationsThe study offers recommendations for enhancing the IAS 29 framework and its application, addressing gaps in institutional support and harmonizing standards like IAS 21 to resolve currency-related challenges.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to and advances the growing body of knowledge on the challenges of IAS 29 implementation and auditing practices in hyperinflationary contexts, specifically within Lebanon’s economic environment. These insights are invaluable for policymakers and stakeholders in understanding the practical implications of hyperinflationary accounting standards. The findings may also provide transferable lessons to other developing economies grappling with hyperinflation and regulatory complexities.

Child death review: understanding variations in practice using normalisation process theory.

In England, Child Death Review (CDR) is a statutory process designed to identify full reasons for death, support parents, improve care and save lives. At CDR meetings, professionals review care and identify learning. Although parents do not attend CDR meetings, they should be invited to contribute questions and feedback and be informed of outcomes. There is a lack of evidence to support implementation, particularly for families after an expected child death. To examine how parent involvement in CDR is operationalised currently, following expected child death, to support improvements in practice. A secure online questionnaire was developed to collect data on parental CDR involvement in hospitals and palliative care services in England. Semistructured interviews were undertaken during 2022-2023, with 21 professionals in five care settings, purposively sampled from the survey to include sites with different provision contexts. Quantitative data were analysed using basic descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were analysed using directed qualitative content analysis and through a conceptual lens of Normalisation Process Theory. Questionnaires were completed by 13 Paediatric Intensive Care Units and 16 palliative care services. 25/29 (86%) held CDR meetings reflecting statutory guidance, 17/29 (59%) routinely informed parents about CDR and 10/29 (28%) shared outcomes with them. Interviews with 21 professionals revealed that despite valuing CDR, many struggled to implement the process and lacked confidence to involve parents. Professionals felt that parents need good bereavement support to be able to contribute and wanted resources to help inform parents about CDR and support their involvement. Enthusiastic leaders were important. Lack of funding, particularly for CDR and bereavement keyworkers, was a challenge.

FINTECH REGULATION IN SCHOLARLY DEBATE: A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS

This study used bibliometric analysis to assess 688 scientific publications on fintech regulation, which were published across 436 academic publishing outlets and authored by 1,395 scholars. Research questions were developed through the lens of bibliometric theories, e.g., performance evaluation, citation and co-citation analysis, keywords analytics, and bibliographic coupling, to investigate the most influential papers, scientific publication outlets, authors, emerging trends, and affiliated institutions related to fintech regulation. This work primarily employed R Studio and VOSviewer to analyse bibliographic data from the Scopus database. Of the findings, the most influential source for fintech regulation was Sustainability (Switzerland), the most influential author was Douglas W. Arner (Professor at the University of Hong Kong), and the foremost institution was the University of Cambridge. Furthermore, qualitative inductive analysis was performed to address timely issues from the bibliometric findings. The issues identified were fintech and banking regulation, the implications of money laundering for financial regulators, the impact of central bank digital currency (CBDC) on financial inclusion and stability, and the challenges posed by cloud technology for fintech firms. Employing quantitative bibliometric analysis and qualitative inductive reasoning offers critical novelty in evaluating academic debates on fintech regulation, providing practical implications for the regulators, academia, and industry professionals.

When Parent–Teacher Collaboration Turns Violent: Corporal Punishment in American Schools and Subsequent (Secondary) Trauma

Methods. Through the lens of childhood trauma theory, a qualitative phenomenological study was conducted using purposive and snowball sampling methods to gain a deeper understanding of the experiences of former students with corporal punishment and how those experiences have shaped their academic and psychological outcomes. Interviews were conducted via Zoom with 19 men and women of different ages and races who attended schools in Mississippi. Results/Conclusions. The study revealed that parents and school personnel collaborated to punish the student corporally both on campus and at home. Related, beaten students did not share their punishment with their parents/caregivers, and if their families did find out, they received another beating at home. There was a general lack of consistency in how and who administered corporal punishment. In addition to the well-documented ways that corporal punishment is administered in school, we also found that students were made to hold painful positions or perform painful tasks. There were also peer effects of trauma, with students experiencing fear or anger following a friend or classmate being beaten in front of them. Race was an influence if the abused students felt that their punishment was racist, with Black American participants feeling there were racial undertones regardless of the perpetrator’s race. The study’s findings align with those of previously conducted research, but also extend them and can be used to create policy to allow schools to address trauma and create instructional practices that eliminate the fear and racial disparities that have been proven to exist in schools with corporal punishment.

Community Accountability Boards: A Macro Intervention to Address the Disproportionate Surveillance and Separation of Black Children and Families by Child Welfare

Due to systemic racism, Black children and families are disproportionately represented in child welfare at an alarming rate and suffer disparate outcomes as compared with their white counterparts at every decision point. This conceptual paper explores the issues through the lens of critical race theory and provides an overview of various efforts at the service and policy levels that have yet to yield sustained improvements. Informed by empowerment theory, community engagement, and antiracism organizing principles, Community Accountability Boards are proposed as a macro-level intervention to contribute a solution for the issue of disproportionality, which has implications for both the impacted communities and the social workers employed in child welfare systems. As such, the implications for practice and recommendations for future evaluation are provided.

Data circulation between statistics agencies and journalists

This study investigates how data circulate between statistics agencies and journalists, with particular attention to the role of dissemination strategies—especially press releases—in shaping news production. While much of the literature addresses data production and use, the dynamics of data circulation remain understudied. Drawing on a case study of the statistical agency of the state of São Paulo (SEADE) in Brazil, the paper analyzes all news articles published in 2024 that referenced SEADE data. Articles were categorized according to the level of influence of press releases: full reproductions (verbatim replication), value-added reproductions (with complementary analysis or context), or organically produced (independent of any press release). These were examined through the lenses of framing theory and journalistic role performance approach. Results show that 70% of the news articles were influenced by press releases, with a significant presence of the Loyal-Facilitator dimension, particularly in government-issued releases. National outlets were more likely to produce organic content, while local media— despite showing higher demand for statistical information—relied more heavily on press releases to produce their coverage. Thematic focus also varied: national journalists prioritized economic indicators, while local outlets focused more on labor statistics. The study also found that articles based on SEADE press releases more frequently incorporated added value, while those based on government releases were more likely to be reproduced verbatim. These patterns may indicate structural constraints, particularly in local newsrooms, and varying levels of data literacy among journalists. By mapping how official statistics circulate in the media ecosystem, the research highlights the importance of hybrid, user-centered dissemination strategies that combine traditional tools like press releases with open government data practices. Such approaches can broaden the reach and enhance the relevance of official statistics in journalism and public discourse. By demonstrating how a better understanding of data circulation helps statistical agencies tailor their dissemination practices, this study contributes to the Open Government Data literature and highlights how user-centered strategies can foster more meaningful and critical engagement with official data.

The wallet demarcation problem

Digital wallets are emerging as new tools that provide citizens with control over their personal data while allowing innovation in service delivery. Wallets promise various functionalities, from authentication, authorisation, and signing, to storage and generating qualified electronic attestations. Given the potential, policymakers and service providers face significant challenges in selecting, developing, implementing, and regulating digital wallets due to the lack of clarity about their characteristics. This paper focuses on this lack of clarity. Through a socio-technical systems theory lens, we developed a comprehensive taxonomy for classifying digital wallets. Our empirical analysis reveals a taxonomy of 47 characteristics in 14 dimensions. The contribution of this taxonomy is two-fold. Firstly, it can help develop a more precise theory on specific types of wallets. Secondly, actors in the field can use the taxonomy for more granular communication on wallet development and adoption challenges, standardisation efforts, and policy development.

Identifying Greek Mythological Characters in Philippine Mythology Using Archetypal Theory Among BSED-English Students at Granby Colleges of Science and Technology

Archetypal theory has been a cornerstone of mythological studies; it serves as an important lens to understand the connections between different cultures. This paper aims to assess the level of interest and understanding of BSEd-English students in the connection of Greek and Philippine mythology within the lens of archetypal theory by Carl Jung as a tool to analyze the similarities of their mythological characters. This paper used mixed methodology where 86 English students who have learned Mythology and Folklore were surveyed to measure their exposure in Greek and Philippine mythology and also the connection of mythological characters within the lens of archetypal theory. This study employed descriptive and comparative design to answer the research questions. The quantitative part utilized a descriptive approach by distributing researcher-made survey questionnaires that is designed to measure the understanding of the respondents in identifying Greek mythological characters in Philippine mythology and a comparative textual analysis to qualitatively show the archetypical connections of the two myths. This paper finds out that the BSEd-English who were surveyed show strong interest in Greek and Philippine mythology and understanding in identifying the archetypical connections between them. However, the respondents also show that they are not confident in discussing mythology in academic settings which proves that there is a need for the wider implementation of mythological subjects in the curriculum. This paper uses mixed methods to assess the interest and understanding of the respondents in Greek-Philippine mythological connections using survey questionnaires and a comprehensive textual analysis to analyze the similarities between Greek and Philippine mythology using available texts.