Leisure Boredom Scale Research Articles

Leisure Boredom dan Kecenderungan Kecanduan Media Sosial Tik Tok pada Gen Z

This study aims to analyze the relationship between leisure boredom and the tendency of social media addiction to TikTok among Generation Z. This research employs a quantitative approach using a correlational method. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling, with a total of 120 participants from Generation Z. Measurements were conducted using the TikTok social media addiction scale and the leisure boredom scale. The data analysis results using Product Moment correlation indicate a significant and strong relationship between leisure boredom and the tendency for TikTok social media addiction among Generation Z. These findings suggest that the higher the level of leisure boredom, the greater the tendency for individuals to develop social media addiction to TikTok. Based on these findings, it is recommended that Generation Z engage in more diverse and meaningful activities during their leisure time to reduce the risk of social media addiction. Additionally, parents, educators, and relevant stakeholders should provide education on time management and healthy social media usage. Future research can explore other contributing factors to social media addiction, such as self-regulation and social support, to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the issue.

Anyone with A Charger? Correlation of Nomophobia, Leisure Boredom and Quality of Life in Youth at University

Aim: Along with affecting our daily lives and habits majorly, rapidly developing technology is known to increase the leisure boredom of youth in case they stay away from the technology. The fear of staying away from smartphones which is the most important material of portable technology is described as a recent disturbance and even a “a disorder of the modern world” (King et.al., 2010). In order for smartphones which have a significant place to meet the needs of life with aims such as pandemics, earthquakes etc. not to become an illness, it is important to investigate the reasons behind it. Considering these, the aim of the current study is to compare the digital game addiction, leisure boredom and quality of life of the students of Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University in terms of different variables and to evaluate the correlation and effect sizes of these scales. Method: The study group consists of 405 university students (Meanage = 21.71± 4.13) studying at Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University 239 of which are female (Meanage = 21.69± 4.30) and 166 of which are male (Meanage = 21.74± 3.88). As data collection tool, Leisure Boredom Scale (LBS) (Iso-Ahola & Weissinger 1990; Kara et.al, 2014), Nomophobia Scale (NFS) (Yıldırım & Correia 2015; Yıldırım et.al, 2016) and Quality of Life Scale – Short Form (QOL-SF) (Eser et.al, 2010) were used. In the analysis of the obtained data, descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson Correlation and regression tests were used. To determine the reliability of scales, Cronbach Alpha intern coefficients were calculated. Findings: When the analysis results were evaluated, it is determined that there is a statistically significant difference in the total scores of LBS, NFS and QOL-SF in terms of “having difficulty in evaluating leisure”, “participation frequency in physical activity” and “evaluating oneself as smartphone addict”. Also, it is determined there is a statistically significant difference in the total scores of LBS and NFS in terms of “use of smartphone times/hour” (p<0.01). According to the Pearson correlation analysis, there is a positive and medium level correlation between NFS and LBS whereas there is a negative and low level of correlation between NFS and QOL-SF. Also, there is a negative and medium level of correlation between LBS and QOL-SF. The data showed that NFS has a negative impact on QOL-SF LBS has a negative impact on QOL-SF, and NFS has a positive impact on LBS. Conclusion: It is concluded that the group which has no difficulty in making use of leisure, who participates in physical activity regularly, who has less connection with their smartphones and who doesn’t see themselves as smartphone addicts have lower levels of leisure boredom perception and nomophobia whereas they have higher levels of quality of life. The fear of losing connections increases the level of boredom perception in students and it decreases the quality of life. Also, quality of life decreases due to the increase in boredom perception.

Evaluation of the Leisure Boredom Perception of Coaches from Different Sports Branches

The aim of this study is to evaluate the perceptions of leisure boredom of coaches working in different sports branches. The sample group of the study consists of 224 coaches, 173 men, and 51 women, actively working in different sports branches. In the study, in order to determine individuals' perceptions of leisure boredom, a method developed by Weissinger and Iso-Ahola, "Leisure Boredom Scale (LBS)," which was adapted to Turkish culture by Kara et al. (2014), was applied. When the internal consistency coefficients of the Leisure Boredom Scale were examined, it was determined that α = .721 for the boredom sub-dimension and α = 721 for the satisfaction sub-dimension. In order to compare the boredom perceptions of the participant group in terms of different variables, t-Test for Independent Samples and One-way ANOVA were applied. As a result of the analyses, no difference was detected in the coaches' perception of leisure boredom in terms of gender variable (p>.05). No significant difference was detected as a result of the single-factor analysis of variance performed, according to the coaching branch variable of the participant group (p>.05). However, when the results of the single-factor analysis of variance for the coaching experience variable were examined, it was seen that there was a significant difference in the "boredom" and "satisfaction" sub-dimensions according to the experience of the coaches (p

The Relationship Between Perception of Leisure Boredom, Motivation for Participation in Physical Activity and Presenteeism

The aim of this study was to test the leisure boredom perceptions and predictive power for motivations for participation in physical activity and presenteeism perceptions and analyze the effects among university students. Additionally, a secondary aim was to reveal whether leisure boredom perceptions, physical activity motivation and presenteeism differed according to some variables or not. In line with these aims, a total of 517 students attending different universities in Türkiye and volunteering to participate in the research completed the Leisure Boredom Scale (LBS), Motivation Scale for Participation in Physical Activity (MSPPA) and Presenteeism Scale for Adults (PSA). The data underwent correlation, regression, MANOVA and ANOVA. According to regression analysis, the LBS boredom subscale predicted the PSA work completion and avoiding distraction subscales; while it significantly predicted the MSPPA subscales of “individual reasons” and “lack of reasons”. Additionally, the LBS “dissatisfaction” subscale appeared to significantly predict the PSA “work completion” and MSPPA “individual reasons”, “environmental reasons” and “lack of reasons” subscales. The research findings identified significant differences according to gender, membership status and physical activity participation variables. In conclusion, the physical activity motivation and presenteeism of university students were identified to be associated with perceived boredom during leisure, and it is understood leisure perceptions positively affect important areas of life (like health and education).

Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı ve Serbest Zaman Sıkılma Algısı Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi

People have become active users of Internet and social media applications going into every aspect of life. The purpose of this study was to investigate social media addiction and perception of boredom in leisure with respect to some variables and to examine the predictive power of perception of boredom in leisure on social media addiction. There was a total of 453 (212 females and 241 males) university students selected with convenience sampling method in the study group of the research. The participants filled the “Social Media Addiction Scale-Adult Form” (SMAS-AF) and “The Leisure Boredom Scale” (LBS). According to t-test results, there was not a statistically significant difference between mean scores in “SMAS-AF” and “LBS” scales. (p>0.01). MANOVA indicated that the main effect of the physical activity participation on the subscales of the “SMAS-AF” and “LBS” was statistically significant (p< 0.05). According to the MANOVA results, significant differences were found in the "SMAS-AF" and “LBS” for daily social media usage frequency, (p< 0.01). According to the results of the correlation test, there was a statistically significant between “SMAS-AF” and “LBS”. Regression analysis indicated that leisure boredom were significant predictors of social media addiction.

Examining the Relationship between Cognitive Flexibility and Leisure Boredom in Students

Cognitive flexibility studies are being handled and studied in a multidisciplinary manner day by day. In this study, cognitive flexibility levels and leisure boredom perceptions of university students who do sports were examined. The "leisure boredom scale" adapted to Turkish by Kara, Gürbüz and Öncü (2014) and the "Cognitive Flexibility Scale" adapted to Turkish by Altunkol (2011) were used as data collection tools. The universe of the study consists of the students of Atatürk University Faculty of Sports Sciences. Sample; it consists of 188 people, 100 men and 88 women, using simple random sampling technique. As a result of the normality tests, it was determined that the data (Skewness -1.5 and Kurtosis +1.1) showed a homogeneous distribution in the value ranges. Our findings show that students who are interested in team activities have more leisure time satisfaction than those who are interested in individual activities (p=.000). The increase in the rate of engaging in leisure time activities indicates that the scores of the students regarding the perception of leisure boredom decline. It is supported by our findings that high cognitive flexibility is also associated with leisure satisfaction (r=,514).

The Relationship between University Students' Perception of Boredom in Leisure Time and Internet Addiction during Social Isolation Process

Objective: The aim of the study is to examine the relationship between university students' perception of leisure time boredom and internet addiction levels during the social isolation process and to compare them in terms of various demographic variables. 
 Method: The universe of research exists students who continue their education at Manisa Celal Bayar University. The sample group consists of a total of 503 volunteers, 296 females and 207 males selected by convenience sampling method. Additionally the personal information form, the "Young Internet Addiction Test-Short Form" (YIAT-SF) and the "Leisure Boredom Scale" (LBS) were applied to the participants. 
 Results: University students had average scores for YIAT-SF (2.67±0.88), boredom (2.66±1.11) and dissatisfaction (2.50±0.97). In addition, there was a positive and significant relationship between YIAT-SF and LBS’s subscales, while the level of boredom significantly affected internet addiction and it was found to predict with a variance of 41%. 
 Conclusion: The perception of boredom in leisure significantly affects the internet addiction levels of individuals. As the perception of boredom in leisure increases in the social isolation process of university students, the level of internet addiction also increases.

Investigation of the Consumer Perspective on Leisure in Mental Health Inpatient Units.

This study aimed to explore the barriers to engagement in activity and consumer satisfaction in inpatient settings. Participants were current inpatient consumers and completed an online anonymous survey. This included the Mental Health Satisfaction Improvement Program (MHSIP), Leisure Boredom Scale (LBS), and the Checklist of Leisure Interests and Participation (CLIP). A total of 57 participants partially completed the survey with 41 completed responses. Participants reported several barriers to engagement, including lack of staff, limited social engagement, limited range of activity, and a lack of resources. Most participants reported to be either "very satisfied" (24.24%) or "somewhat satisfied" (36.36%) with the level of activity offered. Participants reported to be bored due to a limited occupational range offered in the mental health inpatient unit. Participants identified the need for assistance in the facilitation of activity.

The role of desire thinking in the problematic use of social networking sites among adults

The role of desire thinking in the problematic use of social networking sites among adults

We Playing Mobile Games Because We Bored? An Exploratory Study on University Students

The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between university students' motivation to play mobile games and their perception of boredom. In addition, it is to reveal the effect value of the perception of boredom as a motivating variable to play mobile games. For this purpose, "Mobile Game Motivation Scale (MGMS)" developed by Üstün and ÖZ and "Leisure Boredom Scale" developed by Iso-Aloha and culturally adapted by Kara et al. were used. 552 (Nwoman=226;Nman=326; Xage=21.79±2.40) university students participated in the study on a voluntary basis. SPSS 24 data analysis program was used in the study. Necessary assumptions for regression analysis were tested. In the study, pearson correlation test was used to determine the relationship, and simple linear regression analysis was used to determine the effect of boredom perception on mobile game playing. As a result of the study, moderate positive correlations were found between the mobile game motivation scale and the boredom perception scale. The predictive level of boredom perception on motivation to play mobile games was 33% (R=.582; R2=.338; P<.01). In the light of these findings, it is concluded that university students tend to play mobile games as a result of the perception of being bored in leisure time.

Study on psycho-social predictors of smartphone addiction among adult females

This study was conducted to examine the psychosocial predictors of smartphone addiction. Social Support, Leisure Boredom and Life Satisfaction were the predictor variables. For this purpose, a sample of 100 participants was taken. It consisted of adult female population between 45 to 60 years of age from the Punjab state. Data was collected through standardized questionnaires namely Life satisfaction scale (Diener et al., 1985), Leisure Boredom Scale (Aloha &Weissinger, 1990), Interpersonal support evaluation list (Cohen et al., 1985) and mobile addiction scale (Kwon et al., 2013). Results revealed that there exists negative relationship between social support and smartphone addiction and leisure boredom is positively correlated with mobile addiction. Furthermore, social support and leisure boredom came out to be significant predictors of smartphone addiction, social support being the stronger predictor out of the two. Results are discussed as per implications.

Investigation of College Students’ Perception of Boredom and Loneliness Level in Leisure Time Activities during Covid-19

Background: The Covid-19 virus has affected every aspect of life on a large scale, specifically on people’s social and psychological leisure behaviour. And it led people to make certain changes to their lifestyles, habits and human relations at a large scale. Aim: Our study aimed to compare individuals' levels of boredom and loneliness regarding active sport status, social, artistic and cultural activities in leisure time before and during the period of Covid-19. Methods: A purposeful sampling technique and a non-probabilistic sampling method were applied in determining the individuals in the study group. Data were collected through online questionnaire form. The sample group of this research constitutes 799 participants in different age groups. Results: The initial indication of the study stated that the participants' perception of boredom in leisure time and their loneliness levels were high during Covid-19. In the study's major findings, it was observed that participants who were involved in active sports, social, artistic and cultural activities before and during Covid-19 had a low level of boredom perception and loneliness levels during leisure time.. Conclusion: In the regression analysis, all sub-dimensions of the leisure boredom scale have a significant relationship with individuals' level of loneliness during Covid-19 (p<0.05). As a result, the loneliness levels of individuals positively affect their perception of being bored during leisure time. Keywords: Covid-19, boredom, leisure, loneliness, active sports, social activity, artistic and cultural activity.

The Relationship between the Leisure Boredom, Leisure Satisfaction, and Smartphone Addiction: A Study on University Students

This study aimed to describe the relationships between leisure boredom, leisure satisfaction, and smartphone addictions among university students. The study sample consisted of 258 participants, 143 males and 115 females, studying at Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Sports Sciences. The participants were selected using the purposeful sampling method. Data collection tools involved a personal information form, the "Leisure Boredom Scale (LBS)", the "Leisure Satisfaction Scale (LSS)" and "Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV)". Independent t-Test results revealed a significant difference in SAS-SV by gender. The MANOVA results indicated a significant difference between the "Satisfaction" sub-dimension of LBS and the "Educational," "Social," "Physical," and "Relaxation" sub-dimensions of LSS by gender. A significant difference was found between LBS's "Satisfaction" sub-dimension and all sub-dimensions of LSS by income status. According to the ANOVA results, there was no significant relationship between the SAS-SV scores by income status of the participants. Besides, there was a negative and low-level correlation between age and the "Satisfaction" sub-dimension of LBS, the "Physical" and "Relaxation" sub-dimensions of LSS and SAS-SV. There was a negative and low correlation between "Boredom" of LBS and "Psychological," "Social," and "Relaxation" sub-dimensions of LSS, and there was a positive and low correlation between LBS and SAS-SV. Similarly, a positive and low-level relationship was determined between all sub-dimensions of LSS and SAS-SV. In this sense, it was concluded that the LBS, LSS, and SAS-SV scores differed according to the socio-demographic characteristics of the participants. As leisure boredom increased, leisure satisfaction decreased, and smartphone addiction increased. It was also found that as leisure satisfaction improved, smartphone addiction increased.

Examining the Correlation between Smartphone Addiction and Leisure Boredom Perception in Ice Hockey Players

The purpose of this study was to determine smartphone addiction and leisure boredom perception levels in ice hockey players in Turkey, examine them in terms of age, sex and educational level, and investigate the correlation between smartphone addiction and leisure boredom perception. The population of the study consisted of athletes actively playing in ice hockey leagues in Turkey. The sample group comprised a total of 85 athletes (51 males and 34 females) who were selected randomly from the population and were voluntary to participate in the study. In the study, a questionnaire with three sections was used as the data collection tool. The first section of the questionnaire was a personal information form prepared by the researcher to determine the age, sex, and educational background of the participants. In the second section of the questionnaire, the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV) was used for measuring the smartphone addiction levels of the participants. In the third and last section of the questionnaire, the Leisure Boredom Scale (LBS) was used for determining the leisure boredom perception of the participants. In the data assessment, the SPSS 26 package software was used. After transferring the data collected via the data collection tool into the electronic environment, the normality was first tested and then non-parametric analyses were performed upon detecting that the data were not normally distributed. When examining the findings of the study, it was observed that most of the participants were male, had high school education and below and were aged 15 to 17 years. In addition, the mean scores of the participants were higher in the Leisure Boredom Scale Boredom Subscale, moderate in the Leisure Boredom Scale Satisfaction Subscale and higher in the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version. It was determined that the female participants had higher mean ranks in the Leisure Boredom Scale Boredom Subscale compared to the male participants at a statistically significant level. When examining the correlation between the smartphone addiction and leisure boredom perception of the participants, it was also observed that there was a statistically significant, positive, and weak correlation between the smartphone addiction and the boredom subscale of the leisure boredom perception.

여가권태척도(Leisure Boredom Scale: LBS)에 관한 연구: 여가활동을 적용하여

Iso-Ahola and Weissinger (1990) developed Leisure Boredom Scale (LBS) to measure individual differences in perceptions of boredom in leisure, with a self-report questionnaire. The study aimed to compare and analyze LBS, applied on four leisure activities: camping, reading, sports spectating, and moviegoing. LBS is scored on 1 to 5 scale, with higher numbers equaling higher boredom and consists of 16 statements, with satisfactory reliability and validity.<BR> Total samples (n=400) were valid and used as a quota sampling to four activities respectively. The survey was conducted from August 1 to September 15 of 2021 through Google on-line survey.<BR> While Ragheb (1990) insisted outdoor recreation and reading be more likely to reduce feelings of boredom. Rather than sports spectating and media experiences, the result of study showed that camping in LBS was higher than moviegoing. There are sports spectating, camping, moviegoing, and reading in order. Furthermore, it is expected that LBS will be potentially useful in clinical remedy for adolescents.

Leisure Boredom dan Religiusitas: Pengaruhnya terhadap Kecenderungan Adiksi Internet

The internet is an unavoidable necessity. There are positive and negative impacts of internet. One of the negative impacts is addiction. Reasons for someone become addicted to the internet including leisure boredom and religiosity. This study aims to determine whether leisure boredom and religiosity have an influence on the internet addiction in students of UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung. The research method used a quantitative causality design which is analyzed using multiple regression. The study was conducted on 265 students recruited using the accidental sampling method. The measurement uses three scales, the Leisure Boredom Scale, The Centrality of Religiosity Scale, then the Internet Addiction Test. The results showed that leisure boredom and religiosity had significant influence on internet addiction. Influence given is 5.3%. This finding indicates that leisure boredom and religiosity affect someone to become internet addicted by 5.3%, Meanwhile, 94.7% of other factors that influence addiction to the internet may still need further research.

Do tourists experience boredom in mountain destinations?

Do tourists experience boredom in mountain destinations?

Relationship Between Adolescents’ Leisure Boredom and Substance Use in Turkey

This study aimed to determine the relationship between adolescents’ leisure boredom, substance use, and participation in recreational sports in a high-risk substance use region of Turkey. To determine high-school adolescents’ socio-demographic characteristics, data collection relied on an adolescent self-report data form and ‘substance’ and ‘boredom’ subscales of the Adolescent Risk-Taking Scale and Leisure Boredom Scale, respectively (n = 235, all males, Mage = 15.75 years, SD = 1.19). While there was a positive correlation (r = 0.43) between leisure boredom and substance use, a small significant negative relationship was observed between leisure boredom and participation in recreational sports (r = - 0.27) and between substance use and participation in recreational sports (r = -0.16). However, as research has shown that recreational sport activities may play an effective role in preventing leisure boredom, the results of the present study suggest that sports may play role in preventing substance use as well.

The Relationship Between Leisure Time Management and Perceptions of Boredom

The purpose of this research is to examine university students’ leisure time management and perceptions of boredomaccording to various factors and to put forward the relationship between those two concepts. The test group of theresearch has been selected with purposive sampling among students from Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa Faculty ofSport Sciences and 170 “Male” and 82 “Female” students with an average age of 21,71 ± 3,10 have volunteered totake part. In the research “Leisure Time Management Scale,” which has been developed by Wang et al. (2011) andadapted into Turkish by Akgül and Karaküçük (2015), and “Leisure Boredom Scale,” which has been developed byIso-Ahola and Weisseinger (1990), and adapted to Turkish by Kara et al. (2014), has been used. In order todetermine the personal information of participants the percentage and frequency methods; to determine whether thedata has normal distribution or not the Shapiro Wilks normalcy test has been applied and after concluding, that thedata is conformable with the parametric test conditions, MANOVA and Pearson Correlation tests have been used fordata analysis. According to the analysis; in view of gender variable, in both leisure time management and leisureboredom perceptions scale a significant difference has been observed (p&lt;0.05). In view of age variable, in the“Programming” subdimension of leisure time management and in all subdimensions of leisure boredom perceptionscale a significant difference has been observed (p&lt;0.05). In view of wealth variable, in the “Leisure time manner”and “Programming” subdimensions of leisure time management scale a significant difference has been observed butno difference has been observed in leisure time perception. Finally, a negative and meaningful relationship has beenobserved between the two scales. In conclusion it is possible to claim, that the leisure time management and boredomperception of participants has had significant differences in view of some variables and that when they can managetheir leisure time, they are satisfied.

Internet Addiction: Relationship with Perceived Freedom in Leisure, Perception of Boredom and Sensation Seeking

This study aimed to examine the university student&amp;rsquo;s internet addiction, perceived freedom in leisure, leisure boredom, and sensation seeking level with regard to gender and physical activity participation, and to investigate the relationship between internet addiction, perceived freedom in leisure, leisure boredom and sensation seeking. The participants who were chosen using a convenience sampling method filled the &amp;ldquo;Short Form of Young&amp;rsquo;s Internet Addiction Test&amp;rdquo; (YIAT-SF), Perceived Freedom in Leisure Scale (PFLS), &amp;ldquo;Leisure Boredom Scale (LBS), and &amp;ldquo;Sensation Seeking Scale&amp;rdquo; (SSS). T-test, MANOVA, ANOVA and correlation analysis were used to analyze the data. T-test results indicated there were no significant differences in the mean scores of &amp;ldquo;YIAT-SF&amp;rdquo; with respect to gender (p&amp;gt; 0.05). However, analysis revealed significant differences in the mean scores of &amp;ldquo;YIAT-SF&amp;rdquo; with regard to not regularly physical activity participation. There were significant differences in the mean scores of &amp;ldquo;PFLS&amp;rdquo; in favor of men participants and regularly physical activity participants (p&amp;lt;0.05). Gender and regularly physical activity participation were significant of &amp;quot;LBS&amp;rdquo; (p&amp;lt;0.01) in favor of women participants (p&amp;lt;0.05). Similarly, gender were significant of &amp;ldquo;SSS&amp;rdquo; (p&amp;lt;0.01) on the all sub-dimensions in favor of men participants (p&amp;lt;0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the mean scores of regularly physical activity participation.