Laws Of Motion Research Articles

Analisis Hukum Kepler Dalam Gerak Planet Dan Satelit

Kepler's laws are one of the most important milestones in the history of astronomy and physics, explaining the motion of planets and satellites around the sun. This research aims to analyse the existing literature on Kepler's Laws, including the First, Second and Third Laws of Motion. Through this analysis, it is expected to understand the contribution of Kepler's Laws to the development of science and technology, as well as their application in modern astronomy. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis of various relevant literature sources. The results show that Kepler's Law not only explains planetary motion, but also provides the basis for the development of Newton's theory of gravity and modern astronomy. In addition, the application of Kepler's Law in satellite technology and space missions demonstrates the relevance of this law in today's scientific and practical context.

Igniting gifted minds through space science: an ISS mission experience with 5E learning model and immersive virtual reality

The International Space Station (ISS) provides gifted students with an interdisciplinary learning context that integrates space exploration and scientific inquiry. Renzulli’s Three-Ring Conception of Giftedness offers a strong framework for designing educational programs that cultivate creativity, task commitment, and intellectual challenge. Building on this foundation, we designed an educational activity that integrates the 5E Learning Model with Immersive Virtual Reality (IVR) to create an enriched and interactive space science learning experience. Using the Mission: ISS application, students engaged in a structured learning process that simulated key aspects of life and work aboard the ISS. The learning began with the Engage phase, where students developed concept maps linking space sciences to various disciplines and designed mission patches representing their ISS tasks. In the Explore phase, students used IVR to experience microgravity navigation, astronaut tasks, and extravehicular activities (EVA), applying Newton’s Laws of Motion while interacting with simulated ISS operations. The Explain phase encouraged students to analyze their virtual experiences, discussing scientific principles, astronaut research, and STEM career pathways. During the Elaborate phase, students collaborated in groups to design astronaut-friendly games incorporating physics, engineering, and biology concepts while ensuring feasibility in microgravity. The study concluded with the Evaluate phase, where students reflected on their learning through open-ended discussions, peer feedback, and rubric-based assessments. By immersing students in authentic space exploration scenarios, this approach fosters science engagement and equips them with the skills necessary to tackle interdisciplinary scientific challenges.

Development of a Dragonfly-Inspired High Aerodynamic Force Flapping-Wing Mechanism Using Asymmetric Wing Flapping Motion.

Bionic micro air vehicles are currently being popularized for military as well as civilian use and dragonflies display a wealth of skill in their remarkable flight capabilities. This study designs an asymmetric motion flapping-wing mechanism inspired by the dragonfly, using a single actuator to achieve the coupling of stroke and pitch motion. This study simulates the motion of the dragonfly's wings using the designed mechanism and experimentally validates the motion laws and aerodynamic characteristics of the mechanism. The analysis focuses on the asymmetry in the wing's stroke and pitch motion and their aerodynamic implications. The flapping-wing mechanism accurately replicates the wing motion of a real dragonfly in flight, and the maximum lift-to-weight ratio can reach up to 230.2%, demonstrating significant aerodynamic benefits. This mechanism provides valuable guidance for the structural design and kinematic control of future flapping-wing vehicles.

Simulation and Analysis of Pendulum Motion System with and Without Drag in the Absence of External Forces

The objective of this work is to conduct numerical simulations and analyses to derive the equations of motion of a non-torque pendulum. For the sake of obtaining pendulum motion equations under various circumstances, such as with and without a drag force, Taylor expansion, second-order differentiation, defined differential equation and other mathematic methods are employed. Moreover, Python is utilised for the calculation of precise values and the generation of graphs, thereby facilitating a more comprehensive understanding of the object's motion law and the interrelationship between its constituent elements. The article will predict the position of the ball in different conditions when there is a change of length, initial velocity or derivative angle. In this paper we first show the basic theory deduction and divided into two cases which are without drag and with drag. When there is no drag force, two conditions are discussed. One is Simple Harmonic Motion, and the other one is Regular Pendulum Motion. For both two cases, numerical and analytical solutions will be deduced. Furthermore, the paper is required to use control variable method to change certain elements and investigate the changes. Besides, when there is drag force, the conditions will be more complicated. For methodology part, there are defined differentiate equations, Largent Equation, Taylor Expansion and second-order derivation.

Brownian Motion on the Star Like Quantum Graphs

The paper contains the probabilistic analysis of the Brownian motion on the simplest quantum graph, star: a system of N-half axis connected only at the graph's origin by the simplest (so-called Kirchhoffs) gluing conditions. The limit theorems for the diffusion on such a graph, especially if N → ∞ are signi ficantly different from the classical case N = 2 (full axis). These theorems, among others, contain the generalization of Levy Arcsine law for Brownian motion and Erdos-Renyi theorem on Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics.

Interactive Mechanism Optimization Design Based on GeoGebra

Abstract To address the phenomenon of cumbersome solving of the parameters of the law of motion of the mechanism and the difficulty of verifying the feasibility of the motion in the traditional mechanism design process, this paper proposes to use the open-source mathematical software GeoGebra to simulate the trajectory of the mechanism of the mechanical rod group by using its powerful mathematical algebra calculation form, friendly interactivity, and visual geometric characteristics, so as to realize the visualization of the mechanism’s motion and simplicity, and to verify the feasibility of the mechanism’s motion. The feasibility of the mechanism, and the use of its unique parametric design, the motion mechanism can be quickly designed and optimized, in order to explore its principles of mechanics, mechanical design and simulation of motion to provide a reliable solution.

ChatGPT in Physics Education: A Content-Based Analysis on Newtonian Force Problems

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in education has significantly transformed learning environments, particularly through the use of large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT. While these tools show promise in supporting science and technology education, their effectiveness in solving domain-specific problems, such as Newtonian mechanics, remains under-explored. This study aims to evaluate the capability of ChatGPT in solving essay-type physics problems involving Newton’s Laws of Motion, with a specific focus on force analysis. Using a content-based qualitative evaluation method, the research was conducted in three stages: development and validation of conceptual physics problems, submission of these problems to ChatGPT, and assessment of the AI-generated responses by expert reviewers. The problem used in this study required decomposition of forces on an inclined plane under idealized, frictionless conditions. ChatGPT's responses were evaluated across three dimensions: scientific accuracy, logical coherence, and contextual relevance. The findings indicate that while ChatGPT was able to provide structured and numerically accurate responses, it lacked depth in reasoning and failed to explicitly articulate physical assumptions and validation steps, such as analyzing counteracting gravitational forces. These limitations point to the model's partial conceptual understanding and highlight the need for human oversight. The study concludes that ChatGPT holds potential as a supplementary learning aid, particularly for reinforcing procedural knowledge. However, its use must be carefully integrated into instructional contexts that promote critical thinking and conceptual verification. Recommendations are offered for its pedagogical implementation, along with a call for further research into AI's role in physics education.

Tracking control of the complex dynamic network with the second-order links and state observer

This paper views the complex dynamic network (CDN) as a large system comprising interconnected node subsystems (NS) and link subsystems (LS). The mathematical dynamic models of NS and LS are modelled using the differential equations with second-order derivatives based on Newton's second law of motion. Then, a motivation example is given to underscore the necessity for a state observer of LS. Accordingly, a robust state observer is proposed to estimate the unavailable state of LS, thereby contributing to synthesising the tracking control strategy for CDN. The proposed control strategy ensures that both NS and LS achieve tracking objectives, whose stability is proven by Lyapunov stability theory. Finally, the numerical simulation is provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed state observer and control strategy.

Enhanced Binary Kepler Optimization Algorithm for effective feature selection of supervised learning classification

This study proposes an Enhanced Binary Kepler Optimization Algorithm (BKOA-MUT) improves feature selection (FS) by integrating Kepler’s planetary motion laws with DE/rand and DE/best Mutation Approach. BKOA-MUT balances exploration and exploitation, effectively guiding search for optimal feature subsets. BKOA-MUT was evaluated using k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) on 25 UCI benchmarks, including three large-scale ones. It outperformed recent Meta-heuristic Algorithms (MHAs) in accuracy, feature reduction, and computational efficiency. The algorithm showed rapid convergence, minimal feature selection, and scalability, making it a robust and adaptable tool for enhancing FS in machine learning, validated through the Wilcoxon rank-sum test.

The Dynamics of Aggregation of Polyamide Granule Clusters on a Water Surface

The process of convergence and the aggregation of polyamide granules and clusters on a water surface has been studied. These granules are widely used to visualize flows on the surface and in the bulk of the water. It is shown that the law of particle motion during convergence corresponds to electrostatic interaction. Like other polymers, polyamide particles are easily charged owing to friction. The quantitative estimation of the surface charge of the granules gives values close to the results of other authors. The range of action of electrostatic forces is fractions of a millimeter, and the maximum velocities of the clusters and granules measured in the experiment do not exceed 1 mm/s when converging. Therefore, when studying flows, electrostatic interaction does not distort the velocity field if the concentration of the granules is low and the velocities of the flows are rather high.

The Origination - Mechanism of the Fundamental - Particles into the Planck's - Confinement

The Interactions: One of the most important concepts in Geometry is, distance, which is the Quanta in E-geometry, while in Material-Geometry the composition of Opposite, where the Material -Point is the Quanta in Chemistry and Physics. As in Algebra Zero,0, is the Master-key number for all Positive and Negative numbers and this because their sum and multiplication becomes zero, and the same on any coordinate-System where ± axes pass from zero, The Rolling of the Positive ⊕ constituent on the Negative ⊝ constituent, creates the Neutral Material Point which Equilibrium. Angular-Momentum is identical with Spin and consists the First-Discrete-Energy-Monad which occupies, Discrete Value and Direction, in contradiction to the Point which is Nothing, Dimensionless and without any Direction. Quaternion [(+) ↻↺ (-)] ≡ Box which carries the Principal stress σ between Points A (+), B (-) which σ, as Centripetal-acceleration is the minimum Energy becoming from the in-storage AB acceleration and is equal to the Gravity Force g . Because of the Revolving and Periodic acceleration of Gravity g ≡ ± σ exists as the First Energy-Box- , while in the Second Box is followed the Local-Extreme-case where Gravity g ≡ ± σ, and is altered Locally by changing the Principal-stress σ with a Local-uniform-Pressure → ≡ g k = g. [ Force/Area] = G, i.e. The minimum Local - Energy acceleration is the known, Universal Gravitational-constant G = g k = g = σ, such for Macrocosm and for Microcosm, Obeying the Newton`s Laws of motion. This Energy in Hydrogen-Cave as E-M, Conductor ≡ The Pin of Atom → Plug Into their Sockets, which are the Orbit – Bracket–Hooks ≡ The Hands of Atoms ← i.e. The Atoms Plug with their Pins into the other Atoms-Drains = Holes, and so Bond. This Resonance frequency of Hydrogen is Common to all Atoms and to all Compounds in this Cosmos. The Energy-Quaternion , , Monad-Magnitudes exist as DUAL -Nature for Any {⊕, ⊝}, {Position, Motion}, {Universe, Black-Holes}, {Gravity, Antigravity}, {Action →. ← Reaction}, The Light and others. The STPL- Line Conductors on the [STPL]-Mechanism, are the Physical-Rotors for the Origination of the Cosmic –Particles which transfer Informations as the Signals-Spectrum. From Mechanics-Physics, all Systems Possessing Elasticity ≡ motion and Reaction to the motion, the called mass, are capable of free vibration or vibration ≡ Periodic - motion taking Place in the Absence of External Excitation. This Principle issues for Both Systems Closed {The Nucleus} or Open Systems {The Orbitals}. For instance, In order that shifting of an u-d-Quarks from an Anti-Proton into a Proton, the Spin-Pair requires extra input of Energy in (MeV), so that would the Proton Paired with a Neutron and be Stable.

Newton's laws of motion generating gravity-mediated entanglement

The interface between quantum theory and gravity represents still uncharted territory. Recently, a tabletop experiment has been proposed for witnessing quantum features of gravity: Two masses in an initial superposition of spatially localized states interact only through gravity and it is measured whether the final state is entangled. Here we show that one can generate the same amount of entanglement in this setup by using the time evolution given by Newton's laws of motion. We argue that theories of quantum gravity that can be approximated by the Newtonian potential and time evolution given by Newton's laws of motion will generate gravity-mediated entanglement. Published by the American Physical Society 2025

Creation of a link-lever mechanism with high accuracy of a given movement

A seven-link linkage mechanism with two degrees of freedom is developed, ensuring high accuracy of the specified slider motion. One of the degrees of mobility is excluded by forced movement of a certain point of the mechanism along a predetermined trajectory. For this purpose, one higher kinematic pair with two degrees of freedom is included in the seven-link flat linkage mechanism with two degrees of freedom. To ensure the accuracy of the slider motion, the law of motion of the roller is determined by the method of closed vector contours. Keywords degree of freedom, link, kinematic pair, roller, vector contours, law of motion khalilov@aztu.edu.az, savalan.kerimov@aztu.edu.az

Research on the collision mechanism and U-turn curve of bench dragon

The Bench Dragon is one of the traditional folk activities originating in the River Luo region and is an annual event in southern Chinese provinces and cities. Villagers connect the bench drills one after another to form a bench dragon, which is more than 200 metres long and very spectacular. However, the bench dragon will be too close or the routes overlap during the movement leading to accidents. In order to reduce the injuries, this paper constructs a two-dimensional collision model based on the spiral motion mechanism and the curve planning problem to study its motion law, the collision occurrence conditions and route optimisation problem in the two-dimensional plane.

RESEARCH ON THE INFLUENCE OF THE COATING OF THE CUTTING PART OF THE CUTTER ON VIBRATION DURING TURNING

Purpose. The aim of the work was to investigate the influence of the coating of the cutting part of the cutter on vibrations during turning. Research methods. The research was conducted by an experimental method, in which oscillograms of oscillations of the cutting edge of the cutter-oscillator were recorded. The analytical method was used to study the oscillograms on which the parameters of the oscillatory system of the cutter-oscillator were measured, which characterize the law of motion of the cutting edge during self-oscillations. Results. The results of the study confirmed that when applying a coating to the cutting part of the cutter, the friction coefficient in the tool-part contact zone decreases. This leads to a change in the chip formation conditions and is reflected in a decrease in the chip shrinkage coefficient by 1.2…1.35 times. Analysis of the oscillograms of the oscillation of the cutting edge of the cutter-oscillator showed that the application of the coating almost did not change the static deviation. At the same time, the amplitude of the oscillations decreased by 1.1…1.3 times. The change in the oscillation of the cutting edge was reflected in the vibration pattern of the machined surface. When using a cutting insert with a coating, the surface roughness decreased by 1.05…1.17 times. Scientific novelty. The obtained results confirm the influence of the friction effect on the excitation and maintenance of self-oscillations. However, taking into account the small magnitude of the change in the intensity of oscillations with a significant change in friction conditions, it can be concluded that the influence of the friction effect is much smaller compared to the regenerative effect. Practical value. The obtained results prove the influence of friction conditions in the tool-part contact zone on the intensity of self-oscillations during turning and provide an opportunity to choose the coating of the cutting part of the tool to reduce vibrations.

Application of biomechanical analysis based on IoT and deep learning in college basketball education

With the continuous progress of sports science, the application of biomechanics in sports training has become an important tool to enhance sports performance and prevent sports injuries. Basketball, as a collective and confrontational sport, involves a large number of complex technical movements, such as shooting, dribbling, and jumping, which require precise mechanical regulation. The study of biomechanics can provide theoretical support for basketball teaching in colleges and universities, help optimize athletes’ technical movements, enhance training effects, and reduce sports injuries. Biomechanics is based on mechanical principles such as Newton’s laws of motion, kinematics, and dynamics, which can be effectively applied to basketball technical movements. For instance, in shooting, the motion can be divided into preparation, force application, release, and follow-through phases. Newton’s Second Law (F = ma) explains how the applied force influences the acceleration of the ball, while projectile motion principles determine the optimal angle and velocity for achieving maximum shooting accuracy. The Magnus effect also plays a role in guiding spin-based shooting techniques, affecting ball trajectory and stability. In dribbling, biomechanical analysis involves understanding how impulse (Impulse = Force × Time) affects ball control. By adjusting wrist force and contact time with the ball, players can improve dribbling efficiency and control under defensive pressure. Additionally, energy transfer and ground reaction forces are critical in jumping mechanics. Using the principles of conservation of momentum and the stretch-shortening cycle, athletes can maximize jump height and power through optimized force application and body positioning. This paper explores the application of biomechanics in college basketball teaching through experimental research. The experimental subjects are college basketball players, and biomechanical analysis of basketball technical movements (shooting, dribbling, jumping, etc.) is conducted using high-precision equipment such as motion capture systems and force platforms. The study collects physical data, mechanical characteristics, and sports performance data of the athletes during the execution of basketball technical movements, analyzing them in combination with biomechanical principles. This approach provides an in-depth understanding of movement efficiency and technique optimization. The results of the study show that training programs optimized through biomechanical analysis can significantly improve athletes’ technical performance. In shooting, dribbling speed, and jumping height, the experimental group demonstrated superior results compared to the control group, with statistically significant differences. Specifically, the shooting percentage of athletes in the experimental group increased by 6.3%, the dribbling speed improved by 9.6%, and the jumping height increased by 10.4%. These improvements confirm that the application of biomechanics in basketball teaching not only enhances performance but also reduces the risk of sports injuries by refining movement mechanics and optimizing force distribution. By integrating biomechanics into basketball training, educators and coaches can develop more scientifically grounded training methodologies, improving player efficiency while ensuring long-term physical well-being. This study highlights the necessity of incorporating mechanical principles in skill development, reinforcing the role of biomechanics in advancing sports education and training strategies.

Study on enveloping origami claw drive mechanism

Aiming at the driving requirements of non-cooperative mechanism for target acquisition in space debris clean-up mission, this paper adopts the configuration synthesis theory. Firstly, kinematic analysis is carried out on the origami claw, and then the mechanism analysis is carried out to obtain the relationship between the cell number and the number of motion pairs of the driving mechanism. Then, the schematic diagram of the motion chain is enumerated with the knowledge of Journal of Graph Theory to select five kinds of driving mechanism, and the comprehensive analysis is carried out on the scale. The parametric design is completed, the mathematical model and three-dimensional model are established, and the kinematic analysis is carried out to obtain the motion trajectory, deflection Angle, slide displacement and other motion laws of the driving mechanism. Then the driving mechanism is compared and screened to screen out the driving mechanism with smaller slide displacement and larger deflection Angle. The 3D model of the driving mechanism is simulated by using simulation software. The simulation results show that the driving task of the folding hand claw can be completed well.

Simulation of aerodynamic characteristics and particle motion laws in shot peening with a B-type nozzle

Simulation of aerodynamic characteristics and particle motion laws in shot peening with a B-type nozzle

Income and Price Effects in Intertemporal Consumer Problems

Abstract We study income and price effects for intertemporal consumer problems with monetary and non-monetary dynamic constraints. We focus on short and long-run responses to a permanent change in income or price, and we characterize how such responses depend on the law of motion of non-monetary dynamic constraints and on time discounting. We provide a dynamic analog to the Slutsky equation, and we show the conditions under which the elasticity of demand to income or price is smaller in the long than in the short run, or even has opposite sign.

Numerical Analysis on Mechanical Properties of 3D Five-Directional Circular Braided Composites

Based on the analysis of the motion law of 3D five-directional circular transverse braided fibers, this paper obtains the angle calculation formula between fibers and the local polar coordinate system in various cell models by transforming the position coordinates of fiber nodes. The stress transformation matrix between the local coordinate system and the global coordinate system of any fiber in the circular braided single cell is derived without considering the physical force on the single-cell micro-hexahedron unit. The calculation formulas of braided parameters such as the overall stiffness matrix and fiber volume content of the circular braided composite material after considering the matrix are derived by using the volume average method; the length of braided knuckles is 2 mm, the inner diameter of inner cells is 7 mm, the number of radial and axial braided yarns is 80, the height of inner cells is 0.5 mm, and the filling coefficient is 0.61. Comparing the results of the numerical prediction model with the experimental results in reference, it is found that the error of the numerical prediction model deduced in this paper is small. Therefore, this model can be used to fully study the effects of braided parameters such as cell inner diameter, cell height, and node length on the mechanical properties of composites.