Lateral Ventricular Surface Research Articles

The Different Associations of White Matter Hyperintensities With Severity of Dementia and Cognitive Impairment According to the Distance From the Lateral Ventricular Surface in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease.

White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are common among the elderly. Although WMH play a key role in lowering the threshold for the clinical expression of dementia in Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related pathology, the clinical significance of their location is not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the association between WMH and cognitive function according to the location of WMH in AD. Subjects underwent clinical evaluations including volumetric brain magnetic resonance imaging study and neuropsychological tests using the Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Packet. WMH were calculated using automated quantification method. According to the distance from the lateral ventricular surface, WMH within 3 mm, WMH within 3-13 mm, and WMH over 13 mm were classified as juxtaventricular WMH (JVWMH), periventricular WMH (PVWMH), and deep WMH (DWMH), respectively. Total WMH volume was associated with poor performance in categorical verbal fluency test (β=-0.197, p=0.035). JVWMH volume was associated with poor performances on categorical verbal fluency test (β=-0.201, p=0.032) and forward digit span test (β= -0.250, p=0.012). PVWMH volume was associated with poor performances on categorical verbal fluency test (β=-0.185, p=0.042) and word list memory test (β=-0.165, p=0.042), whereas DWMH volume showed no association with cognitive tests. PVWMH volume were also related to Clinical Dementia Rating Scale Sum of Boxes score (β=0.180, p=0.026). WMH appear to exhibit different associations with the severity of dementia and cognitive impairment according to the distance from ventricle surface in AD.

Juxtaventricular and periventricular white matter hyperintensities (WMH) are associated with cognitive dysfunction in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease

Introduction White matter hyperintensities (WMH) is common among the elderly. WMH are associated with accelerated cognitive dysfunction and increased risk for Alzheimer`s disease (AD). Although WMHs play a key role in lowering the threshold for the clinical expression of dementia in AD-related pathology, the clinical significance of their location is not fully understood.Objectives The aim of this study was twofold: 1) To investigate the quantitative association between WMH and cognitive function in AD; 2) To investigate whether there is any difference in the association between subclassified WMH and cognitive function in AD.MethodsA total of 171 patients with AD underwent clinical evaluations including volumetric brain MRI study and neuropsychological tests using the CERAD-K neuropsychological assessment battery. WMH volume was calculated using automated quantification method with SPM and MATLAB image processing software. According to the distance from the lateral ventricular surface, WMH within 3 mm, WMH within 3-13 mm, and WMH over 13 mm were classified as juxtaventricular WMH (JVWMH), periventricular WMH (PVWMH) and deep WMH (DWMH), respectively. WMH volume data was logarithmically transformed because it was right-skewed.ResultsWMH volume in AD was 20.7 ± 18.2 ml. Total WMH volume was associated with poor performance in categorical verbal fluency test (p = 0.008) and word list memory test (p = 0.023). JVWMH volume was associated with poor performances on categorical verbal fluency test (p = 0.013) and forward digit span test (p = 0.037). PVWMH volume was associated with poor performances on categorical verbal fluency test (p = 0.011) and word list memory test (p = 0.021), whereas DWMH volume showed no association with cognitive tests. Total WMH and PVWMH volume were also related to Clinical Dementia Rating scale sum of boxes score (p=0.022).Image:ConclusionsGreater JVWMH and PVWMH are related with concurrent impairments in semantic memory and frontal function independent of the hippocampal volume. However, DWMH volume is not associated with any cognitive function. Only PVWMH among subclassified WMH are related to the severity of AD.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Different associations of white matter hyperintensities with the severity of cognitive function according to the distance from lateral ventricular surface in ad

Different associations of white matter hyperintensities with the severity of cognitive function according to the distance from lateral ventricular surface in ad

The impact of Alzheimer's disease susceptibility loci on lateral ventricular surface morphology in older adults.

The enlargement of ventricular volume is a general trend in the elderly, especially in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Multiple susceptibility loci have been reported to have an increased risk for AD and the morphology of brain structures are affected by the variations in the risk loci. Therefore, we hypothesized that genes contributed significantly to the ventricular surface, and the changes of ventricular surface were associated with the impairment of cognitive functions. After the quality controls (QC) and genotyping, a lateral ventricular segmentation method was employed to obtain the surface features of lateral ventricle. We evaluated the influence of 18 selected AD susceptibility loci on both volume and surface morphology across 410 subjects from Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). Correlations were conducted between radial distance (RD) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) subscales. Only the C allele at the rs744373 loci in BIN1 gene significantly accelerated the atrophy of lateral ventricle, including the anterior horn, body, and temporal horn of left lateral ventricle. No significant effect on lateral ventricle was found at other loci. Our results revealed that most regions of the bilateral ventricular surface were significantly negatively correlated with cognitive scores, particularly in delayed recall. Besides, small areas of surface were negatively correlated with language, orientation, and visuospatial scores. Together, our results indicated that the genetic variation affected the localized areas of lateral ventricular surface, and supported that lateral ventricle was an important brain structure associated with cognition in the elderly.

Contralateral Anterior Interhemispheric Transparaterminal Gyrus Approach for Thalamopeduncular Pilocytic Astrocytoma in an Adult: Technical Report

Thalamopeduncular gliomas arise at the junction of the thalamus and cerebral peduncle and constitute a subgroup of thalamic gliomas. These are surgically challenging lesions because of close proximity to important neural structures including corticospinal tracts (CSTs) and the thalamus. These tumors usually displace CSTs anterolaterally or extend to the lateral ventricular surface. Such tumors can be removed by either temporal or transventricular approaches. However, if CSTs cover the entire lateral surface of tumor and tumor does not extend to the ventricular surface, temporal and transventricular approaches cannot be used because the trajectories of both approaches would pass through normal eloquent structures (CSTs and thalamus), and consequently there would be a very high risk of postoperative neurologic deficits developing. A 50-year-old woman presented with contralateral hemiparesis. Radiologic evaluation revealed a right Thalamopeduncular glioma that displaced CSTs laterally and was covered by normal thalamus superiorly. Some CST fibers passed through the tumor. Because both lateral and superior surfaces were covered by eloquent structures, we used an anterior interhemispheric transparaterminal gyrus approach to access the tumor successfully and achieved subtotal excision. The patient had transient neurologic deterioration postoperatively that recovered to preoperative level within 2 weeks. The anterior interhemispheric transparaterminal gyrus approach has not been described previously for accessing brainstem lesions. This approach can be used to access tumors of the cerebral peduncle that displace CSTs laterally and are covered by normal thalamus superiorly. The anterior interhemispheric transparaterminal gyrus approach adds to the armamentarium of neurosurgeons for treatment of cerebral peduncular lesions.

Surface-based TBM boosts power to detect disease effects on the brain: An N = 804 ADNI study

Computational anatomy methods are now widely used in clinical neuroimaging to map the profile of disease effects on the brain and its clinical correlates. In Alzheimer's disease (AD), many research groups have modeled localized changes in hippocampal and lateral ventricular surfaces, to provide candidate biomarkers of disease progression for drug trials. We combined the power of parametric surface modeling and tensor-based morphometry to study hippocampal differences associated with AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in 490 subjects (97 AD, 245 MCI, 148 controls) and ventricular differences in 804 subjects scanned as part of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI; 184 AD, 391 MCI, 229 controls). We aimed to show that a new multivariate surface statistic based on multivariate tensor-based morphometry (mTBM) and radial distance provides a more powerful way to detect localized anatomical differences than conventional surface-based analysis. In our experiments, we studied correlations between hippocampal atrophy and ventricular enlargement and clinical measures and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers. The new multivariate statistics gave better effect sizes for detecting morphometric differences, relative to other statistics including radial distance, analysis of the surface tensor and the Jacobian determinant. In empirical tests using false discovery rate curves, smaller sample sizes were needed to detect associations with diagnosis. The analysis pipeline is generic and automated. It may be applied to analyze other brain subcortical structures including the caudate nucleus and putamen. This publically available software may boost power for morphometric studies of subcortical structures in the brain.

The expression and postnatal changes in the distribution of Fox-3 (aka NeuN) and doublecortin in domestic chicks (Gallus domesticus)

Event Abstract Back to Event The expression and postnatal changes in the distribution of Fox-3 (aka NeuN) and doublecortin in domestic chicks (Gallus domesticus) Szilvia Mezey1*, Dragan Krivokuca2, Gergely Zachar1 and Andras Csillag1 1 Semmelweis University, Department of Anatomy, Hungary 2 University of Novi Sad, Department of Anatomy, Netherlands To better understand the rate of neurogenesis and the distribution of new neurons in young domestic chicks, we described the expression of NeuN (recently identified as Fox-3) and doublecortin (DCX) in the whole brain of chicks 24 and 48 hours and 8 days post-hatch. In an area of special interest, the forebrain ventricular zone (VZ), the density of bromodeoxi-uridin (BrdU), NeuN and DCX labelled cells was compared between chicks 24 hours and 7 days after a single injection of BrdU (48 hours and 8 days post-hatch). The distribution of NeuN–labelled neurons was similar to Nissl-stained tissue, with the exception of some areas where in accordance with mammals, neurons did not express NeuN: cerebellar Purkinje, stellate and basket cells and olfactory bulb mitral cells. Unlike in human fetuses, the inferior olive of chicks showed strong labelling with large neurons. The substantia nigra (SN), which in gerbils is completely devoid of NeuN-labelling is also NeuN-negative in chicks in rostral areas, whereas the caudal part of the SN contains NeuN. The ventral tegmental area of chicks, however, is very faintly labelled throughout the whole of its rostrocaudal extent. The distribution of DCX was very similar 24 hours and 8 days post-hatch, with DCX-labelled profiles located throughout all forebrain areas and especially dense along the pial and lateral ventricular surfaces, as well as in the cerebellar granule cell layer. However, DCX-labelling was hardly detectable in any midbrain or brainstem areas either 24 hours or 8 days after hatching. The density of BrdU-labelled cells and DCX-labelled neurons decreased between 24 hours and 7 days after BrdU-injection in most areas along the VZ. However, the density of NeuN-labelled cells was higher at 8 days after hatching in most areas of the VZ. These data indicate that some newly formed cells in chicks leave the VZ after hatching, whereas a pool of neurons stay in the vicinity of the VZ and mature in situ within 8 days. Conference: IBRO International Workshop 2010, Pécs, Hungary, 21 Jan - 23 Jan, 2010. Presentation Type: Poster Presentation Topic: Development Citation: Mezey S, Krivokuca D, Zachar G and Csillag A (2010). The expression and postnatal changes in the distribution of Fox-3 (aka NeuN) and doublecortin in domestic chicks (Gallus domesticus). Front. Neurosci. Conference Abstract: IBRO International Workshop 2010. doi: 10.3389/conf.fnins.2010.10.00016 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 16 Apr 2010; Published Online: 16 Apr 2010. * Correspondence: Szilvia Mezey, Semmelweis University, Department of Anatomy, Budapest, Hungary, szmezey@hotmail.com Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Szilvia Mezey Dragan Krivokuca Gergely Zachar Andras Csillag Google Szilvia Mezey Dragan Krivokuca Gergely Zachar Andras Csillag Google Scholar Szilvia Mezey Dragan Krivokuca Gergely Zachar Andras Csillag PubMed Szilvia Mezey Dragan Krivokuca Gergely Zachar Andras Csillag Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.

Multivariate tensor-based morphometry on surfaces: Application to mapping ventricular abnormalities in HIV/AIDS

Here we developed a new method, called multivariate tensor-based surface morphometry (TBM), and applied it to study lateral ventricular surface differences associated with HIV/AIDS. Using concepts from differential geometry and the theory of differential forms, we created mathematical structures known as holomorphic one-forms, to obtain an efficient and accurate conformal parameterization of the lateral ventricular surfaces in the brain. The new meshing approach also provides a natural way to register anatomical surfaces across subjects, and improves on prior methods as it handles surfaces that branch and join at complex 3D junctions. To analyze anatomical differences, we computed new statistics from the Riemannian surface metrics—these retain multivariate information on local surface geometry. We applied this framework to analyze lateral ventricular surface morphometry in 3D MRI data from 11 subjects with HIV/AIDS and 8 healthy controls. Our method detected a 3D profile of surface abnormalities even in this small sample. Multivariate statistics on the local tensors gave better effect sizes for detecting group differences, relative to other TBM-based methods including analysis of the Jacobian determinant, the largest and smallest eigenvalues of the surface metric, and the pair of eigenvalues of the Jacobian matrix. The resulting analysis pipeline may improve the power of surface-based morphometry studies of the brain.

Intrathoracic pressures and left ventricular configuration with respiratory maneuvers.

In 12 dogs, we examined the correspondence between esophageal (Pes) and pericardial pressures over the anterior, lateral, and inferior left ventricular (LV) surfaces. Pleural pressure was decreased by spontaneous inspiration, Mueller maneuver, and phrenic stimulation and increased by intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). To separate effects due to blood flow, we analyzed beating and nonbeating hearts. In beating hearts, there were no significant differences between changes in Pes and pericardial pressures. In arrested hearts, increasing LV pressure by 8 Torr increased pericardial pressures by only 3.6 Torr. With IPPV and PEEP, increases in Pes and pericardial pressures were equal in live hearts and in low-volume arrested hearts (LV pressure = 4 Torr). In high-volume arrested hearts (LV pressure = 12 Torr), the increase in pericardial pressure over the anterior LV surface was less than Pes, whereas that over the lateral and inferior LV surfaces was the same as Pes. At high LV volume, in arrested hearts pericardial pressures decreased less than Pes during negative pressure maneuvers. In another six dogs, external LV configuration and volume were measured. In beating hearts during spontaneous inspiration, Mueller maneuver, and phrenic stimulation (endotracheal tube open), septal-lateral dimension and LV volume decreased by approximately 3% (P less than 0.05). This was also true for PEEP. In arrested hearts, septal-lateral dimension and LV volume decreased only with PEEP. We conclude that 1) the relationship between Pes and pericardial pressures is complex and depends on LV volume, local pericardial compliance, and the means by which Pes is changed, 2) changes in measured pericardial pressures did not completely explain changes in LV configuration, and 3) during different respiratory maneuvers, different forces account for the same observed changes in LV volume and configuration.

PNEUMOGRAPHIC DEMONSTRATION OF SUB-EPENDYMAL HETEROTOPIC CORTICAL GRAY MATTER IN CHILDREN

PNEUMOGRAPHIC DEMONSTRATION OF SUB-EPENDYMAL HETEROTOPIC CORTICAL GRAY MATTER IN CHILDRENR. THOMAS BERGERON, M.D.Audio Available | Share