Late Migration Research Articles

Late migration of silicon as a complication to breast transplant rupture: Case report and literature review.

Silicone implants have been used for breast augmentations, both cosmetically and in reconstructive surgery since the 1960s. Rupture of breast implants and silicone migration is a well-known complication. In this case report and literature review, we present a case of a 53-year-old woman with bilateral cosmetic silicone gel breast implant in 1986, and a replacement with saline gel in 2005. The patient had no breast complaints and observed no change in breast volume during this period. In 2020, silicone was randomly identified in a right-sided cervical lymph node in an attempt to remove suspicious lymphadenopathy. The source of the silicone is still doubted; that is, it is not known if the silicone originated from the saline implant or the silicone gel implant.In our literature review, we find that distant migration of silicone and lymphadenopathy have occurred for silicone breast implants although very rare for saline gel breast implants.

Composition and spatiotemporal evolution of the mixed turbidite-contourite systems from the Middle Ordovician, in western margin of the North China Craton

Accurately identifying contourites and analysing the interaction between turbidity flows and bottom currents from the mixed turbidite-contourite systems (MTCSs) in the deep-sea environments are still challenging. Reports on ancient MTCSs are scarce and most of them remain contentious. This study describes at various scales the sedimentological and sedimentary geological characteristics of the Middle Ordovician Yingtaogou Formation, which is identified as a MTCS, from the western margin of the North China Craton (NCC). Twelve typical lithofacies are recognised in the Yingtaogou Formation, which can be grouped into four facies associations interpreted to reflect various deposition from turbidity flow, contour current, debris flow, and hemipelagic settling in the slope–abyssal plain environment. The evidence for contourites is four-fold. Firstly, the palaeocurrent direction based on flute casts on turbidite soles is almost perpendicular to that indicated by traction current structures. Secondly, it is possible to observe a variety of traction current structures (large-scale cross-bedding, cross-lamination, wavy bedding, lenticular bedding, parallel bedding, and horizontal lamination), which are commonly found in reverse and bi-gradational sedimentary sequences at various scales. Thirdly, internal erosive surfaces are widely developed, which reflect the fluid winnowing and velocity fluctuations. Fourthly, these contourites are characterised by an abundance of reverse grading and bi-gradational sequences at various scales. In addition, the contourites identified in this study generally lack bioturbational structures, which is probably related to the late migration and radiation of the Ordovician deep-sea benthos. The sedimentary processes, products, and controlling factors of the interacting down- and along-slope currents were further identified, and a bioturbation-free facies model of contourites and a depositional model of the MTCS were established. This study may contribute to establishing the sedimentological criteria for recognition of ancient contourites and a better understanding of the interaction and spatiotemporal evolution of down- and along-slope sedimentary processes, as well as to a deeper comprehension of the Middle Ordovician palaeoceanographical environment in the western margin of the NCC.

Dispersal of Neophilaenus campestris, a vector of Xylella fastidiosa, from olive groves to over‐summering hosts

AbstractNeophilaenus campestris is one of the spittlebugs (Hemiptera: Cercopoidea) able to transmit Xylella fastidiosa to olive trees. Considering its vector ability and the wide distribution of this species in Spain, N. campestris should be considered a serious threat to key crops such as olive, almonds and grapevines. Migration and dispersal abilities of insect vectors have profound implications in the spread of vector‐borne diseases. Thus, knowledge on the dispersal ability of N. campestris is essential to model, predict and limit the spread of the diseases caused by X. fastidiosa. A mass‐mark‐recapture technique was developed to track between‐field movements of N. campestris during its late spring migration from the ground cover grasses within olive groves to sheltered areas dominated by pine trees. The fluorescent dust used for marking did not affect the survival nor the flying ability of N. campestris. Spittlebug adults captured in olive groves during late spring were dusted with fluorescent colours and released in different locations. Six recapture samplings were performed 23–42 days after release in 12 different sites located within a maximum distance of 2.8 km from the release point. Results indicated that N. campestris was able to disperse a maximum distance of 2,47 m in 35 days. Furthermore, flight mill studies showed that N. campestris was able to fly long distances, reaching 1.4 km in an 82‐min single flight. Altogether, our findings suggest that eradication measures are of limited value because vectors are able to disperse rapidly over distances much longer than expected.

Mid‐ to Late Holocene Contraction of the Intertropical Convergence Zone Over Northeastern South America

AbstractModern precipitation over northeastern (NE) South America is strongly controlled by the seasonal meridional migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). Ample evidence from the Northern Hemisphere suggests a mid‐ to late Holocene southward migration of the ITCZ. Such a shift would be expected to increase precipitation over semi‐arid northern NE Brazil (Southern Hemisphere). However, the most robust precipitation record from northern NE Brazil shows a drying trend throughout the Holocene. Here, we address this issue presenting a high‐temporal resolution reconstruction of precipitation over northern NE Brazil based on data from a marine sediment core, together with analyses of mid‐ and late Holocene simulations performed with the fully coupled climate model FGOALS‐s2. Both, our data and the climate model simulations show a decrease in precipitation over northern NE Brazil from the mid‐ to the late Holocene. The model outputs further indicate a latitudinal contraction of the seasonal migration range of the ITCZ that, together with an intensification of the regional Walker circulation, were responsible for the mid‐ to late Holocene changes in precipitation over NE South America. Our results reconcile apparently conflicting precipitation records and climate mechanisms used to explain changes in precipitation over NE South America.

An Integrative Modeling Approach to Estimating Volume of Generated Oil from Lower Cretaceous Sulaiy Formation in Southern Iraq

Thermal maturity and petroleum generation capacity of the source rocks of Lower Cretaceous Sulaiy Formation were studied and evaluated via modeling the thermal maturation of ten wells in this study by using the Arrhenius equation for chemical reactions or (time-temperature index of thermal maturation). A thermal maturation map of the Sulaiy Formation shows that it a high maturity level increasing eastward; also, the geochemical analysis indicated suitable organic content in quantity and quality to generate hydrocarbons. The onset of oil migration from the Sulaiy Formation is calculated by this study to be at the end of Lower Eocene time (53 million years ago), and as it is a late hydrocarbon generation and migration; thus indicating mainly vertical migration paths. According to quantitative estimation, the oil generated and migrated vertically from the Sulaiy Formation towards the Lower Cretaceous reservoirs in southern Iraq estimated at 42.6 x 109 bbl. This study elevated the status of the Sulaiy Formation to a major source of oil tapped in the Lower Cetaceous reservoirs of southern Iraq.

Multistage unidirectionally migrating canyons and the evolution of their trajectories in the canyon zone in the Baiyun Sag, northern South China Sea: Insights into canyon genesis

In deep-sea slope areas, canyons provide an ideal space to preserve sediments and provide a window to explore the deepwater deposition process, such as turbidity flow and contourite currents. We have evaluated results of the study of the northern continental slope of the South China Sea characterized by the presence of mostly straight canyons. After evaluating core samples and interpreting the corresponding seismic data, we static the sedimentary parameter and identified two types of canyons with different migrating trajectories: “convex downward curve-shaped” trajectories and “convex upward curve-shaped” trajectories. The convex downward curve-shaped canyon trajectory is distinguished by a lower layer of coarse-grained sediment and an upper layer of fine-grained sediment, whereas the convex upward curve-shaped canyon trajectory features a lower layer of fine-grained sediment and an upper layer of coarse-grained sediment. Combining the grain size of the core sample and the scale of the sedimentary structure, we restore the turbidity flow rates and the corresponding turbidity flow behaviors. Coarse-grained turbidity flows are characterized by lower vertical erosion rates and higher lateral abrasion rates, whereas fine-grained turbidity flows exhibit the opposite characteristics. Thus, the convex downward curve-shaped migration trajectory is mainly formed by coarse-grained turbidity flow erosion in the first stage (the late migration stage) and fine-grained turbidity flow deposition in the second stage (the vertical aggradation stage). In contrast, the convex upward curve-shaped trajectory forms through the opposite pattern of sedimentary evolution.

Remodeling of Abdominal Aortic Angulation and Curvature After Endovascular Aneurysm Repair in Patients With vs Without Late Type Ia Endoleak or Endograft Migration

Purpose: To investigate aortic remodeling of the supra- and infrarenal aorta from preoperative to 1 month and midterm follow-up after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) by analyzing changes in angulation and curvature in patients with vs without late type Ia endoleak or device migration. Materials and Methods: From a multicenter database, 35 patients (mean age 76±5 years; 31 men) were identified with late (>1 year) type Ia endoleak or endograft migration (≥10 mm) and defined as the complication group. The control group consisted of 53 patients (mean age 75±7 years; 48 men) with >1-year computed tomography angiography (CTA) follow-up and no evidence of endoleaks. Suprarenal and infrarenal angles were measured on centerline reconstructions of the preoperative, 1-month, and midterm CTA scans. The value and location relative to baseline of maximum suprarenal and infrarenal curvature were determined semiautomatically using dedicated software. Changes were determined at 1 month compared with the preoperative CTA and at midterm compared with 1 month. Results: Preoperative suprarenal angulation was significantly greater in the complication group compared to the controls (34°±18° vs 24°±17°, p=0.008). It decreased significantly at 1 month in the complication group (29°±16°, p=0.011) and at midterm follow-up in the controls (20°±19°, p<0.001). Preoperative infrarenal angulation was not significantly different (57°±15° vs 49°±24°, p=0.114). This measurement increased significantly through midterm follow-up in the complication group (63°±23°, p<0.001) but remained stable in the controls (46°±22°). Preoperative suprarenal curvature was not significantly different (38±22 m−1 vs 29±25 m−1, p=0.115). This variable increased significantly through midterm follow-up in the complication group (44±22 m−1) but remained constant in the controls (28±22 m−1). Preoperative infrarenal curvature was significantly greater in the complication group (77±29 m−1 vs 65±28 m−1, p=0.047) and decreased significantly in both groups during midterm follow-up (50±17 m−1 vs 41±19 m−1 p=0.033). The location of the maximum curvature with regard to baseline shifted significantly distally in the complication group (54±43 to 72±41 mm, p<0.001), while it remained stable in the controls (46±33 to 48±31 mm). Conclusion: At midterm follow-up, significant differences in supra- and infrarenal angulation and curvature were observed between patients with vs without type Ia endoleak or migration. The location of the maximum curvature shifted distally in patients with complications. The aortic morphology is more stable during midterm follow-up in the patients without endoleaks.

The past and future obliquity of Saturn as Titan migrates

Context. Giant planets are expected to form with near-zero obliquities. It has recently been shown that the fast migration of Titan could be responsible for the current 26.7°-tilt of Saturn’s spin axis. Aims. We aim to quantify the level of generality of this result by measuring the range of parameters allowing for this scenario to happen. Since Titan continues to migrate today, we also aim to determine the obliquity that Saturn will reach in the future. Methods. For a large variety of migration rates for Titan, we numerically propagated the orientation of Saturn’s spin axis both backwards and forwards in time. We explored a broad range of initial conditions after the late planetary migration, including both small and large obliquity values. Results. In the adiabatic regime, the likelihood of reproducing Saturn’s current spin-axis orientation is maximised for primordial obliquities between about 2° and 7°. For a slightly faster migration than expected from radio-science experiments, non-adiabatic effects even allow for exactly null primordial obliquities. Starting from such small tilts, Saturn’s spin axis can evolve up to its current state provided that: (i) the semi-major axis of Titan changed by more than 5% of its current value since the late planetary migration, and (ii) its migration rate does not exceed ten times the nominal measured rate. In comparison, observational data suggest that the increase in Titan’s semi-major axis exceeded 50% over 4 Gyr, and error bars imply that the current migration rate is unlikely to be larger than 1.5 times its nominal value. Conclusions. If Titan did migrate substantially before today, tilting Saturn from a small obliquity is not only possible, but it is the most likely scenario. Saturn’s obliquity is still expected to be increasing today and could exceed 65° in the future. Maximising the likelihood would also put strict constraints on Saturn’s polar moment of inertia. However, the possibility remains that Saturn’s primordial obliquity was already large, for instance as a result of a massive collision. The unambiguous distinction between these two scenarios would be given by a precise measure of Saturn’s polar moment of inertia.

The large obliquity of Saturn explained by the fast migration of Titan

The obliquity of a planet is the tilt between its equator and its orbital plane. Giant planets are expected to form with near-zero obliquities. After its formation, some dynamical mechanism must therefore have tilted Saturn up to its current obliquity of 26.7{\deg}. This event is traditionally thought to have happened more than 4 Gyrs ago during the late planetary migration because of the crossing of a resonance between the spin-axis precession of Saturn and the nodal orbital precession mode of Neptune. Here, we show that the fast tidal migration of Titan measured by Lainey et al. (2020) is incompatible with this scenario, and that it offers a new explanation for Saturn's current obliquity. A significant migration of Titan would prevent any early resonance, invalidating previous constraints on the late planetary migration set by the tilting of Saturn. We propose instead that the resonance was encountered recently, about 1 Gyr ago, forcing Saturn's obliquity to increase from a small value (possibly less than 3{\deg}), up to its current state. This scenario suggests that Saturn's normalised polar moment of inertia lies between 0.224 and 0.237. Our findings bring out a new paradigm for the spin-axis evolution of Saturn, Jupiter, and possibly giant exoplanets in multiple systems, whereby obliquities are not settled once for all, but continuously evolve as a result of the migration of their satellites.

A Sanctuary of Impunity: Wartime El Salvador in the Fiction of Mario Bencastro

This analysis stems from a renewed sense of urgency to understand the roots of violence in Central America deemed critical by late globalization and migration. More specifically, this article utilizes the concept of impunity not merely as an element of culture but rather as a defining structure of everyday human interactions in wartime El Salvador, as presented by Mario Bencastro's Árbol de la Vida: Historias de la guerra civil (1993) and Disparo en la catedral (1990). As a cornerstone of these literary representations, I argue, impunity presents such ostensibly disparate locations as the office of the Human Rights Commission, army barracks, and a chapel as an interconnected web of lawlessness. Thus, Bencastro's fiction offers a holistic view of wartime El Salvador, in which the characters must negotiate the impunity that characterizes the social imaginary.

Late CardioMEMS migration: Coughing spells as a cause of concern

Late CardioMEMS migration: Coughing spells as a cause of concern

Endovascular repair of traumatic aortic dissection: a single-center experience.

The data on endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) for traumatic aortic dissection (TAD) are lacking. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of EVAR for TAD and report our experience based on patients from our medical center with a relatively long follow-up. A total of 25 consecutive patients with TAD underwent EVAR from October 2015 to October 2020. The demographics, imaging characteristics, clinical features, treatment details, and follow-up results were reviewed. Urgent EVAR was performed in 3 patients (12%), while the remaining 22 patients (88%) underwent delayed EVAR. Systematic heparinization was used in all patients during the endovascular procedure. The EVAR was technically successful in all patients, with no cases converted into open surgery. No death occurred during the perioperative period. One patient presented with a type II endoleak on postoperative 1-month CT images during a mean follow-up of 42.3 ± 17.7 months (5-67.5 months) and showed spontaneous regression of the endoleak without any intervention during the subsequent follow-up. All the patients survived until the time of writing, and none of them showed late endoleak, stent migration, paraplegia, and reintervention. The patients with left subclavian artery covered (n = 8) had no obvious ischemia of the arm and brain. The study results demonstrated that EVAR for TAD proved to be safe and effective, and most patients could undergo delayed EVAR. Systematically heparinization during EVAR under the setting of multi-trauma was safe.

Accidental and inadverted rupture of abdominal surgical drainage with late migration to an inguinal hernia sac

Accidental and inadverted rupture of abdominal surgical drainage with late migration to an inguinal hernia sac

Historia, stan i potrzeby badań nad uzbrojeniem z ziem polskich okresów rzymskiego i wędrówek ludów. Spojrzenie subiektywne (pomimo dobrych chęci)

Historia, stan i potrzeby badań nad uzbrojeniem z ziem polskich okresów rzymskiego i wędrówek ludów. Spojrzenie subiektywne (pomimo dobrych chęci)

Laser fenestration of aortic arch stent grafts for endovascular treatment of retrograde type A dissection

ObjectivesRetrograde type A dissection (RTAD) is a rare but life-threatening event following thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR), and its total endovascular treatment is a huge challenge. This research aimed to evaluate the safety, effectiveness, technical success, and medical outcomes of in situ laser fenestration of aortic arch stent grafts during TEVAR of RTAD. MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 15 patients with RTAD who received in situ laser fenestration of aortic arch stent grafts during TEVAR between Mar 2016 and Dec 2019. All patients were subjected to intraoperative extracorporeal brain perfusion. The preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative medical data were collected and analyzed. ResultsThe mean age of the 15 patients was 64 ± 8 years, 8 of whom were male. The immediate overall technical success rates, including aortic stent deployment were 100% and primary fenestration success was achieved in 13 (86.7%) patients. The mean postoperative length of stay was 10 ± 4 days. Stroke occurred in 1 case. No in-hospital/30-day death nor permanent paraplegia/paresis was observed. The mean follow-up time was 13 ± 5 months. Two type Ia endoleaks were found, but no late occlusion and migration of the supra-aortic branch arteries stents during the follow-up were observed. ConclusionsThe in situ laser fenestration of aortic arch stent grafts during TEVAR of RTAD is a potential total endovascular therapy of RTAD for patients unsuitable for direct surgical repair.

Late Paleozoic Element Migration and Accumulation under Intracontinental Sinistral Strike‐slip Faulting in the West Junggar Orogenic Belt, NW China

AbstractThe migration, accumulation and dispersion of elements caused by tectonic dynamics have always been a focus of attention, and become the basis of tectono‐geochemistry. However, the effects of faulting, especially strike‐slip faulting, on the adjustment of geochemical element distribution, are still not clear. In this paper, we select the West Junggar Orogenic Belt (WJOB), NW China, as a case study to test the migration behavior of elements under tectonic dynamics. The WJOB is dominated by NE‐trending large‐scale sinistral strike‐slip faults such as the Darabut Fault, the Mayile Fault, and the Baerluke Fault, which formed during the intracontinental adjustment under N–S compression during ocean‐continental conversion in the Late Paleozoic. Geochemical maps of 13 elements, Al, W, Sn, Mo, Cu, Pb, Zn, As, Sb, Hg, Fe, Ni, and Au, are analyzed for the effects of faulting and folding on element distribution at the regional scale. The results show that the element distribution in the WJOB is controlled mainly by two mechanisms during tectonic deformation: first is the material transporting mechanism, where the movement of geological units is consistent with the direction of tectonic movement; second is the diffusion mechanism, especially by tectonic pressure dissolution driven by tectonic dynamics, where the migration of elements is approximately perpendicular or opposite to the direction of tectonic movement. We conclude that the adjustment of element distributions has been determined by the combined actions of transporting and diffusion mechanisms, and that the diffusion mechanism plays an important role in the formation of geochemical Au blocks in the WJOB.

Blunt Traumatic Aortic Injury: 10-Year Single-Center Experience

Objective In blunt trauma patients, injury of the thoracic aorta is the second most common cause of death after head injury. In recent years, thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) has largely replaced open repair as the primary treatment modality, and delayed repair of stable aortic injuries has been shown to improve mortality. In light of these major advancements, we present a 10-year institutional experience from a tertiary cardiovascular surgery center. Methods Records of patients who underwent endovascular or open repair of the ascending, arch or descending thoracic aorta between January 2009 and December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients without blunt traumatic etiology were excluded. Perioperative data were retrospectively collected from patient charts. Long-term follow-up was performed via data from follow-up visits and phone calls. Results A total of 1,667 patients underwent 1,740 thoracic aortic procedures (172 TEVAR and 1,568 open repair). There were 13 patients (12 males) with a diagnosis of blunt thoracic aortic injury. Mean patient age was 43.6 years (range, 16–80 years). Ten (77%) patients underwent TEVAR, two (15.4%) underwent open repair, and one (7.7%) was treated nonoperatively. Procedure-related stroke was observed in one (7.7%) case. Procedure-related paraplegia did not occur in any patients. Left subclavian artery origin was covered in seven patients. None developed arm ischemia. Hospital survivors were followed-up for an average of 60.2 months (range, 4–115 months) without any late mortality, endoleak, stent migration, arm ischemia, or reintervention. Conclusion Blunt thoracic aortic injury is a rare but highly fatal condition. TEVAR offers good early and midterm results. Left subclavian artery coverage can be performed without major complications.

Sedimentary records from Hengchun accretionary prism turbidites on Taiwan Island: Implication on late Neogene migration rate of the luzon subduction system

Although plate motion models for the Philippine Sea Plate (PSP) are relatively well established, they remain to be confirmed by reliable geological records. Oblique convergence between Eurasia and the PSP has resulted in the uplift of Taiwan Island along the plate boundary. As the latest exposed portion of Taiwan, the Hengchun Peninsula features well-preserved deep-sea turbidites with rounded mafic conglomerate clasts. We apply an integrated source-to-sink analysis and broad field investigations to generate a reliable kinematic reconstruction linking the Hengchun turbidite outcrops with South China Sea (SCS) borehole sediments. Deposited in the lowermost turbidite layer, the Hengchun rounded gabbro and basalt clasts resemble the SCS oceanic crust based on our U–Pb geochronological (~23.6–25.4 Ma) and elemental geochemical results (normal mid-ocean ridge basalts), along with previous magnetic anomaly constraints. The multimodal U–Pb spectra of the matrix-supported sandstones suggest a mixed provenance including central Vietnam, the Pearl River tributaries and potential intrabasinal uplifts, which have not received prior consideration. During the late Miocene, abundant terrigenous sediments from the eastward-flowing “Kontum-Ying-Qiong River” and Pearl River were transported into the submarine environment. The extensive turbidity currents scoured and eroded the SCS mid-ocean ridges, which feature numerous low-angle detachment faults. These materials of various sources were transported eastwards for thousands of kilometers prior to their incorporation into the accretionary prism adjacent to the Manila Trench. From the late Miocene to Pleistocene, the PSP moved northwestward at estimated velocities of ~61–65 mm/yr, facilitating the final uplift and exposure of the accretionary prism.

Spenner i en overgangstid. Sene småspenner i den turbulente overgangen mellom eldre og yngre jernalder

To understand the transition between the Early and the Late Scandinavian Iron Age, and the turbulent time around the year 536, we are dependent on our ability to recognize the changes in the artefacts. A chronology with well-defined criteria concerning the latest phase of the Migration Period as well as the beginning of the Merovingian Period is, therefore, required. The small square-headed brooches with spade-shaped feet is one of the types replacing cruciform brooches in the late Migration Period. Our paper discusses their typology and chronology in relation to other late types of brooches and pots as well as early Merovingian types of jewellery, aiming at a more easily accessible synthesis of a complex chronological discussion. Finally, we comment on the definition and relationship of the chronological phases on both sides of the period transition, touching upon the implications for the social changes and the bearers of the brooches.

Unique technical challenges in patients undergoing TAVR for failed aortic homografts.

Surgical reoperation for aortic homograft structural valve degeneration (SVD) is a high-risk procedure. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for homograft-SVD is an alternative to reoperation, but descriptions of implantation techniques are limited. This study compares outcome in patients undergoing into two groups by the type of previously implanted aortic valve prosthesis: TAVR for failed aortic homografts (TAVR-H) or for stented aortic bioprostheses (TAVR-BP). From 2015 to 2017, TAVR was performed in 41 patients with SVD. Thirty-three patients in the TAVR-BP group (six for SVD of valved conduits), and eight patients in the TAVR-H group. The Valve Academic Research Consortium criteria were used for outcome reporting purposes. The patients with TAVR-BP had predominant prosthetic stenosis (94%, p = .002), whereas TAVR-H individuals presented mostly with regurgitation (88%, p = <.001). Patients with TAVR-H received: Sapien-3 (6), Sapien-XT (1), and CoreValve (1) devices. Low, 40% ventricular fixation in relation to homograft annulus was attempted to anchor the prosthesis on the homograft suture-line. One patient with TAVR-BP experienced intraoperative distal prosthesis migration and Type-B aortic dissection, and two patients in the TAVR-H group had late postoperative proximal device migration. In both groups, there was zero 30-day mortality, stroke, or pacemaker implantation. TAVR for failing aortic homografts may be a feasible and safe alternative to high-risk surgical reintervention. Precise, 40%-ventricular device positioning appears crucial for prevention of late paravalvular leak/late prosthesis migration and minimizing the risk of repeat surgical intervention.