The semi-arid urban settlement of Jodhpur, India, stands at a critical juncture where rapid urbanization and climate change threaten its historic resilience mechanisms. This study investigates the efficacy of immersive workshops conducted in co-learning spaces as vehicles for decentralized hyperlocal climate governance and action. Specifically, it examines how participants of such workshops can function as agents of change within their larger communities by leveraging the existing social practice of Hathai—informal gatherings where women discuss community affairs. Adopting a computational social science approach, we integrate primary data from 25 women community leaders into a stochastic Agent-Based Simulation (ABS) to model the contagion of climate resilience across a synthetic network of 300 community members. Furthermore, Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) is employed to map the hierarchical causalities between cognitive and behavioural metrics. Our results reveal a significant paradox: while Climate Knowledge acts as the fundamental structural driver (Level 1) of the resilience ecosystem, it exhibits the lowest transmission rate (24.1% gain). Conversely, Action Intent and Confidence demonstrate the highest contagion potential (38.3% gain), suggesting that behavior propagates faster than information in this cultural context. The study illustrates a plausible structural pathway where traditional ecological wisdom serves as a critical linkage, converting abstract knowledge into tangible reductions in social vulnerability indices (SoVI) and enhancements in Sen’s capability approach. We conclude that such smaller intra-community groups as decentralized, women-led nodes could be a viable strategy for hyper-local climate action.

The article proposes and substantiates a model of integrated social responsibility of agribusiness, based on the principle of balancing the interests of stakeholders as a systemic alternative to the shareholder paradigm of industry management. The theoretical basis of the model is formed at the intersection of stakeholder theory and the triple bottom line concept, which covers the economic, environmental, and social dimensions of efficiency and provides a basis for reconciling divergent interests in the agricultural value chain. Three key determinants for the implementation of the model in Ukraine in 2024–2026 have been identified: structural asymmetry between stakeholders, requirements for harmonization with EU standards under the modernized Association Agreement, and the need for transparent mechanisms for the distribution of renewable resources among participants in the industry chain. Four key stakeholder groups have been identified — small farmers, large agricultural producers, state institutions, and rural communities — between which there are structural conflicts regarding market consolidation, access to financing, and sectoral policy priorities in wartime. The model operates through four components: transparency mechanisms based on a unified state agricultural register, structured participation tools through industry advisory groups and farm sustainability monitoring systems, climate adaptation measures in line with the requirements of the EU's common agricultural policy, and economic incentives in the form of grants, subsidies, and credit guarantees. The effectiveness of the model will be assessed by the level of coverage of producers by state support, the spread of monitoring systems, and progress in harmonization with EU agricultural standards by 2028, which will ensure balanced representation of stakeholders and long-term competitiveness of the industry.

The concept of the ecological niche, defined as the basic habitat requirements for a species, is central to understanding species geographic distributions and predicting their responses to environmental change. However, identifying the essential niche for large regional communities remains a challenge because niche axes can be "hidden" by the complexity of the underlying ecological processes. Here, applying advanced species distribution modelling to nationwide environmental DNA survey data, we identified hidden niche axes of the Japanese coastal fish community and investigated the response diversity to these axes. Our survey detected 1,220 coastal fish species. The hidden niche axes collectively explained most of the variation in fish biodiversity and revealed five biogeographic boundaries for the regional community. These niches of the Japanese fish community may primarily relate to several processes due to ocean currents, such as environmental filters, transport from source areas and dispersal barriers. We also found that the response diversity to niche axes was positively correlated with species richness, although local communities with particularly high response diversity were geographically biased. A better understanding of the niche axes of the regional ecological community should help to mitigate the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services caused by ongoing environmental change.

This study aims to analyze the effects of Electronic Word of Mouth Effect, Brand Image, and Email Marketing on Purchase Intention in the context of purchasing official MotoGP merchandise. It was conducted among respondents who are members of large motorcycle communities in Indonesia with a high interest in MotoGP, but who never purchased official merchandise. Its data were collected through a questionnaire using a Likert scale and analyzed using the Partial Least Square–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method. The results indicate that the Electronic Word of Mouth Effect has a positive influence on Purchase Intention. The consumers’ recommendations, reviews, and digital communication play an important role in shaping purchase intentions toward MotoGP merchandise. Email Marketing has a positive influence on Purchase Intention, confirming the effectiveness of direct and personalized marketing communication in encouraging purchase interest. Yet, brand Image does not show a significant effect on Purchase Intention. It indicated that the MotoGP brand image has not become a dominant factor for consumers who lack prior purchasing experience. These findings emphasize the importance of optimizing digital marketing strategies based on Electronic Word of Mouth and Email Marketing to enhance consumers’ purchase intentions toward MotoGP merchandise.

This study explores how school nurses in Norway plan and conduct health dialogues with first graders and their caregivers. Using an exploratory qualitative design, data were generated through six focus group discussions and 10 individual interviews with school nurses from diverse contexts, including rural and urban areas, small and large communities, and varying socioeconomic and cultural backgrounds. Reflexive thematic analysis by Braun and Clarke constructed three intersecting themes: strategies for trust-based relationships, conflict between quality and quantity, and striving for consistency and professional autonomy. Results highlight the complexities of translating National Guidelines into real-world practice, emphasizing the demanding nature of school nurses' work. The study underscores the need for clearer guidelines to support school nurses in delivering meaningful, health-promoting dialogues tailored to the diverse needs of children and their caregivers.

Despite ongoing efforts to promote gender equity in the construction industry, women remain underrepresented at senior leadership levels. Prior studies have attempted to investigate women’s professional networks in construction through traditional survey- or interview-based approaches, which are often limited in scale and unable to capture the complexity of career mobility patterns. This study adopts a previously underexplored data source, LinkedIn, to examine and compare the career networks of female and male top managers in the Australian construction industry. Using 914 publicly available LinkedIn profiles, social network analysis was conducted in Python using the NetworkX library to construct affiliation-based career networks derived from shared organizational experience. Multiple network metrics were applied to compare network connectivity, cohesion, community structure, core and periphery positioning, and robustness. The results show that female top managers are more densely connected, more locally cohesive, and more globally integrated than their male counterparts. Female career networks also exhibit fewer but larger communities, deeper and more cohesive core structures, and greater robustness to the removal of structurally important individuals. These findings extend career capital theory by highlighting the gendered differences in professional networks and provide evidence-based guidance for women, organizations, and policymakers supporting equitable leadership pathways.

Online Community Question Answering (CQA) platforms have become indispensable tools for users seeking expert solutions to their technical queries. The effectiveness of these platforms relies on their ability to identify and direct questions to the most knowledgeable users within the community, a process known as Expert Finding (EF). EF accuracy is crucial for increasing user engagement and the reliability of provided answers. We present TUEF, a Topic-oriented User-Interaction model for EF , which aims to fully and transparently leverage the heterogeneous information available within online CQA platforms. TUEF integrates content and social data by constructing a multi-layer graph that maps user relationships based on their answering patterns on specific topics. By combining these sources of information, TUEF identifies the most relevant users for any given question and ranks them using learning-to-rank techniques. Our findings indicate that TUEF's topic-oriented model significantly enhances performance, particularly in large communities discussing well-defined topics. Additionally, we show that the interpretable learning-to-rank algorithm integrated into TUEF offers transparency and explainability with minimal performance trade-offs. The exhaustive experiments conducted across six CQA communities show that TUEF outperforms all competitors, achieving a minimum performance boost of 42.42% in P@1, 32.73% in NDCG@3, 21.76% in R@5, and 29.81% in MRR.

Wastewater-based surveillance of hepatitis A virus across municipalities and neighbourhoods in Alberta, Canada.

ABSTRACT This paper investigates how children interpret the practice of guan (Chinese parenting) within the home and its relationship to family language policy (FLP). The study involved nine adolescent participants from six families. Using a written reflective task, the study explores the attitudes of adolescents towards the practice of guan and its effectiveness in the development and maintenance of the heritage language (HL). Data were collected as part of a larger research project investigating multilingualism among Chinese families in Ireland. The findings show that adolescents view parental guan as necessary and effective in HL development through parental encouragement, parental support and parental investment. The article responds to the linguistic and demographic changes in Irish society and makes an important contribution to knowledge about cultural practices, which may support the multilingual development of children in transnational families. Its focus on families in rural Ireland provides scope to develop the HL in the absence of large communities and language schools. Critically, the article expands on current scholarly discussions surrounding adolescents, identity, belief and agency within the field of FLP, by shedding light on how adolescents interpret parenting practices and cultural concepts and perceive complex bilingual and bicultural family structures.

Synthetic microbial ecology aims at designing communities with desired properties based on mathematical models of individual organisms. It is unclear whether simplified models harbor enough detail to predict the composition of synthetic communities in metabolically complex environments. Here, we use longitudinal exometabolite data of monocultures for 15 rhizosphere bacteria to parametrize a consumer-resource model, which we use to predict pairwise co-cultures and higher order communities. The capacity to artificially “switch off” cross-feeding interactions in the model demonstrates their importance in ecosystem structure. Leave-one-out and leave-two-out experiments demonstrate that pairwise co-cultures do not necessarily capture inter-species interactions within larger communities and broadly highlight the nonlinearity of interactions. Finally, we demonstrate that our model can be used to identify new sub-communities of three strains with high likelihood of coexistence. Our results establish hybrid mechanistic and data-driven metabolic models as a promising and extendable framework for predicting and engineering microbial communities.

Opportunities to Improve End-of-Life Care in Assisted Living: Results From a National Survey of Administrators.

It is a well-known fact that man is a social being; therefore, he usually spends his time in smaller or larger communities, the so-called organisations. For this reason, beyond defining the concept of organisation (or institution), the various social sciences must also deal with one of the most important types of institutions: the administrative organisation. The present study aims to contribute to this, within the author's limited resources, drawing on more than forty years of university and public law teaching experience.

In the recent years the theme of migration has received significant attention worldwide becoming a global process. Migration can be categorized as temporary or permanent. This particular study encompasses both modalities that are in intrinsic relationship with social and economic factors. Furthermore, an analysis of migration through the prism of culture, tradition and identity provides ground for investigating transformation of cultural models and their characteristics. The present research is specifically focused on the Macedonian population. To facilitate a more competent insight and comparative analysis two distinct periods, which were characterized by substantial migratory movements, have been observed: the mid -20th century (1930s-1940s) and the early 21st century (2010s-2020s), The selected periods have consequently determined the choice of geographical areas, specifically countries that were "desired" primary destinations during each respective period. To enhance understanding, the analysis was further constricted and focused on two urban centers that hosted or currently host large and significant Macedonian diasporic communities: Belgrade and Sydney. The most significant processes and effects, resulting from the undertaking of Macedonians in these researched environments, have been established through the actions and activities of migrants and the diaspora community. The intangible culture serves as a pivotal category with a specific emphasis on dance. The body, a fundamental vehicle and embodiment of cultural characteristics, is adopted as an analytical unit in this analysis. The investigation of the dancing body is justified by identification of the inextricable link between identity and culture. Based on the obtained findings, the research defines models that reflect all characteristics of the studied groups, their distinguishing forms, as well as their ultimate functions. This approach provides an expanded understanding of Macedonian culture and identity transmission processes within the countries of immigration.

This article is an attempt to reconstruct a collective portrait of Catholics in Siberia in 1812–1820 using data from church registers, systematised according to several categories: place of residence, status, gender, age, and type of activity. The analysis of the results obtained makes it possible to conclude that the community of Siberian Catholics of the early nineteenth century consisted of exiles, military personnel, workers, peasants as well as some entrepreneurs, officials and specialists scattered over a vast territory. It had only a small number of full families, and single men predominated. Among the Catholics of Siberia there were representatives of all classes, from raznochintsy (or “people of various ranks”) and peasants to members of the clergy and aristocrats. Judging by the anthroponyms (Slavic, Baltic, Germanic, and Romance), the parish could have been rather multinational, but most of the parishioners came from the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. There were two large Catholic communities in the territory of the parish/mission: in the city of Irkutsk and in Tertezh, Krasnoyarsk district.

The collaborative efforts of large communities in science experiments, often comprising thousands of global members, reflect a monumental commitment to exploration and discovery. Recently, advanced and complex data processing has gained increasing importance in science experiments. Data processing workflows typically consist of multiple intricate steps, and the precise specification of resource requirements is crucial for each step to allocate optimal resources for effective processing. Estimating resource requirements in advance is challenging due to a wide range of analysis scenarios, varying skill levels among community members, and the continuously increasing spectrum of computing options. One practical approach to mitigate these challenges involves initially processing a subset of each step to measure precise resource utilization from actual processing profiles before completing the entire step. While this two-staged approach enables processing on optimal resources for most of the workflow, it has drawbacks such as initial inaccuracies leading to potential failures and suboptimal resource usage, along with overhead from waiting for initial processing completion, which is critical for fast-turnaround analyses. In this context, our study introduces a novel pipeline of machine learning models within a comprehensive workflow management system, the Production and Distributed Analysis (PanDA) system. These models employ advanced machine learning techniques to predict key resource requirements, overcoming challenges posed by limited upfront knowledge of characteristics at each step. Accurate forecasts of resource requirements enable informed and proactive decision-making in workflow management, enhancing the efficiency of handling diverse, complex workflows across heterogeneous resources.

The healthcare industry has seen and will continue to see extensive digitization. Despite benefits, this has disrupted care delivery mechanisms—especially in spiritual and social care chaplaincy, which have fallen behind other healthcare disciplines in technology adoption. Simultaneously, patients and caregivers are increasingly participating in online support spaces, such as large communities on social media platforms (e.g., Reddit, Facebook, etc.) that lack clinical oversight, and present both challenges and opportunities for improving wellbeing and spiritual health. to address the evolving realities of patients’ behaviors and preferences, new models of care delivery are being developed for remote chaplaincy delivered via online community spaces. Through an interview study (N = 22) and a survey (N = 1010) involving professional chaplains and prospective lay users, we explore the potential of online spaces (i.e., social media-like platforms) to support emerging care models. Participants shared opportunities and challenges for creating trustworthy Online Spiritual Care Communities (OSCCs), as well as preferences for the design and moderation of OSCCs. Based on these insights, we propose the “Care Loop” model, which integrates OSCCs as a supportive complement to standard care, including a double referral mechanism that connects the two contexts while maintaining and extending the legitimacy and integrity of professional spiritual care into online spaces.

Digital transformation in the social sphere demands a revision of communication practices in social service centers, particularly under decentralization and growing service accessibility needs. This study examines digital channels in the administrative work of territorial community social service centers, based on an online survey of specialists and content analysis of responses. Findings show email dominates communication across all communities, while mobile apps and chatbots are rarely used in rural or small settlements. Large urban communities are more digitally advanced than less resourced areas. Barriers include insufficient staff training, technical inequality, and weak management support. The digital divide hampers interaction with elderly, disabled, and rural populations. Results can guide adaptive strategies for digital transformation in diverse community contexts.

The article examines the shifts in the national structure of the population of the Southern Federal District and its regions in the 2010s and early 2020s. It was found that the ethnic and demographic dynamics of the district’s population during this period represented a complex combination of trends that developed in previous decades. The stabilization of the majority of Caucasian communities, which began in the 2000s, continued. There was a steady quantitative growth of a number of Central Asian ethnic groups, which gradually evolved from the stage of labor migration to the stage of integrated rooting in the southern Russian regions. The depopulation of a large group of communities of European origin, as well as the peoples of the Volga region and the Urals, accelerated due to assimilation and high natural decline. The protracted nature of this trend led to a multiple reduction in the size and serious deformation of the gender and age structure of these communities (evidence of the final stages of their demographic evolution). But in general, ethnic and demographic dynamics had almost no effect on the composition and ratio of the leading group of nationalities in the Southern District. It was found that the significant decrease in the number of large communities of the district recorded by the 2021 census (Azerbaijanis, Armenians, Greeks, Georgians, Koreans, Tatars, Gypsies, etc.) does not correspond to their real demographic dynamics in the 2010s. The reason for this decrease is a noticeable increase in the group of people with unidentified nationality, but to a greater extent it was underestimation during the census. The Southern Federal District retained a vast area of Russian ethnic dominance (a significant part of the Rostov and Volgograd regions and Krasnodar Krai). The share of the Russian population exceeded 90% here, and the level of ethnic mosaic of regional societies gradually decreased. Polyethnic areas (Astrakhan region, Republics of Adygea, Kalmykia, and the Crimea) with an increased index of ethnic mosaic of the population also remained in the Southern Federal District. But only Kalmykia was characterized by a steady decline in the Russian ethnic presence.

Overlapping communities are key characteristics of the structure and function analysis of complex networks. Shared or overlapping nodes within overlapping communities can either form subcommunities or act as intersections between larger communities. Nodes at the intersections that do not form subcommunities can be identified as overlapping nodes or as part of an internal structure of nested communities. To identify overlapping nodes, we apply a threshold rule based on the number of nodes in the nested structure. As the threshold value increases, the number of selected overlapping nodes decreases. This approach allows us to analyse the roles of nodes considered overlapping according to selection criteria, for example, to reduce the effect of noise. We illustrate our method by using three small and two larger real-world network structures. In larger networks, minor disturbances can produce a multitude of slightly different solutions, but the core communities remain robust, allowing other variations to be treated as noise. While this study employs our own method for community detection, other approaches can also be applied. Exploring the properties of shared nodes in overlapping communities of complex networks is a novel area of research with diverse applications in social network analysis, cybersecurity, and other fields in network science.

The NorthStar Trauma Network (NSTN) launched an initiative in 2018 to address systemic and local hospital challenges in the delivery of fracture care across a metropolitan area with a population of about 3 million. This regional fracture care model has expanded, serving seven hospitals in three health systems by 2023, including five participating community hospitals with level 2 or 3 trauma care centers and one level 1 pediatric hospital, all anchored by a level 1 university teaching trauma center. Recruitment and culture have been built around shared academic values, inclusive of investigation and education, promoting a surgeon retention rate of 100% for the first 6 years while sharing learned information and innovation that helps to drive impact in the local and larger community. Three aspects of the NSTN model, which is part of the HealthPartners system, differentiate it from other specialty or trauma care models; these are related to staffing, mission, and access. First, the NSTN model is designed to build trauma programs for hospitals rather than just providing call coverage; these programs are distinguished by their commitment of dedicated trauma-trained staff to network-member hospitals, which may be owned and operated by a variety of different — even competing — health systems. Second, the NSTN is anchored by one leadership team that promotes a collective academic mission among members; this is galvanized by the activities of the NorthStar Trauma Society, a related 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization focused on research, education, and innovation. Third, the NSTN model emphasizes subspecialist-level orthopedic trauma care (generally only seen at level 1 trauma centers) at level 2 and 3 trauma center hospitals, as well as level 1 pediatric hospitals, which expands access to care. This documentation of the evolution and methods of the NSTN may serve as a helpful example for other metropolitan communities with hospitals and health systems that seek to improve the quality of specialty-specific trauma care, the alignment of surgeons, and growth in surgical care.