Large Number Of Grains Research Articles

Biological preparations based on strains of associative bacteria in the cultivation of oats in central Yakutia

Biological preparations based on strains of associative bacteria in the cultivation of oats in central Yakutia

Reconstruction algorithms for grain mapping by laboratory X-ray diffraction contrast tomography.

X-ray-based non-destructive 3D grain mapping techniques are well established at synchrotron facilities. To facilitate everyday access to grain mapping instruments, laboratory diffraction contrast tomography (LabDCT), using a laboratory-based conical polychromatic X-ray beam, has been developed and commercialized. Yet the currently available LabDCT grain reconstruction methods are either ill-suited for handling a large number of grains or require a commercial licence bound to a specific instrument. To promote the availability of LabDCT, grain reconstruction methods have been developed with multiple reconstruction algorithms based on both forward and back calculations. The different algorithms are presented in detail and their efficient implementation using parallel computing is described. The performance of different reconstruction methods is assessed on synthetic data. The code to implement all the described algorithms has been made publicly accessible with the intention of fostering the development of grain mapping techniques on widely available laboratory instruments.

Analysis of grain structures and impurity distribution in mc-silicon grown by directional solidification: Computational and experimental approach

The grain structures and grain boundary characteristics such as grain orientation and formation of Σ 3 grain boundaries have been analysed in the wafers sliced from central and peripheral bricks of the ingot grown by G1 (15 Kg) directional solidification process. The orientation of grains and grain boundary characteristics in the wafers sliced from different parts of the ingot have been investigated using EBSD analysis. Large number of grains with different orientation are observed at the bottom of the ingot and the grain size increases from bottom to top as the growth proceeds. The density of grain boundary decreases with respect to the growth direction of the ingot. Simulation analysis has been done to investigate the overall growth process and the distribution of two major impurities such as carbon and oxygen impurities in the ingot. Simulation results are compared with experimental results and the relation between formation of grain boundaries and impurity concentration within the ingot has been analysed.

Microstructural impact on electromigration reliability of gold interconnects

Interconnect segments of gold metallization used for GaAs devices are susceptible to significant electromigration degradation and have a microstructure with thousands of grains. In this work, a complete physics-based analysis of electromigration in gold is presented. A novel approach for the numerically efficient simulation of an interconnect containing a large number of grains is introduced. By building grain compounds containing hundreds of grains and equipping them with appropriate models, the dependence of statistical failure features on the variation of geometric properties is investigated. The experimentally observed dependence of the mean failure time and the associated standard deviation of the failure times on the interconnect geometry is well reproduced by our simulations.

Пути воспроизводства плодородия почв в Рязанской области

In conditions of intensive agriculture, it is necessary to pay great attention to soil fertility. In the conditions of the Ryazan region, a large number of grains and oilseeds are cultivated. technical. tilled and other crops. When striving for high and stable yields, measures aimed at reproducing soil fertility should be mandatory. The article proposes approximately optimal indicators and proposals for improving soil fertility in the conditions of the region. Keywords: FERTILITY, SOIL, HUMUS, FERTILIZERS, LIME, SOIL TREATMENT, YIELD

Effect of Cold-Rolling Reduction on Recrystallization Microstructure, Texture and Corrosion Properties of the X2CrNi12 Ferritic Stainless Steel.

X2CrNi12 ferritic stainless steel has a wide range of application prospects in the railway transportation, construction, and automobile fields due to its excellent properties. The properties of X2CrNi12 ferritic stainless steel can be further improved by cold-rolling and subsequent annealing treatment. The purpose of this work is to investigate the effect of cold-rolling reduction on the microstructure, texture and corrosion properties of the recrystallized X2CrNi12 ferritic stainless steel by using SEM, TEM, EBSD and electrochemical testing technology. The results show that the crystal orientation characteristics of the cold-rolled sheet could be inherited into the annealed sheet. The higher cold-rolling reduction could promote the deformed grains rotating into the {111}<uvw> orientation, increasing storage energy and driving force for recrystallization, which could reduce the recrystallized grain size. The orientation densities of α-fiber and γ-fiber were low at 50% cold-rolling reduction. After recrystallization annealing, a large number of grains with random orientation could be produced, and the texture strength was weakened. When the cold-rolling reduction rose to 90%, the γ-fiber texture at {111}<110> was strengthened and the α-fibers, particularly the {112}<110> component, were weakened after recrystallisation annealing, which could improve the formability of the steels. The proportions of special boundaries, i.e., low-angle grain boundaries and low-Σ CSL boundaries, among the grain boundary distribution of the recrystallized X2CrNi12 stainless steel were higher when the reduction was 90%, especially when the annealing temperature was 770 °C. Additionally, the proportion of LAGBs and low-Σ CSL boundaries were 53% and 7.43%, respectively, which improves the corrosion resistance of the matrix, showing the best corrosion resistance.

An efficient grain remapping algorithm for phase-field modeling of dynamic recrystallization

A phase-field (PF) model of dynamic recrystallization was built to predict the microstructure evolution and mechanical responses of maraging stainless steel during hot deformation. Given that the traditional techniques for solving the phase-field model are usually computationally demanding, especially when a large number of grains are present for DRX simulating, an efficient grain remapping algorithm was incorporated into the PF model. Taking advantage of the similarity between order parameters and images, some well-established image processing methods were employed in the algorithm. The algorithm adopted a reduced set of order parameters instead of a one-to-one assignment of order parameters for each grain, but still tracked individual grains for the involvement of unique grain properties and remapped coming-to-contact ones to different order parameters. First, in terms of the PF model, a set of isothermal compression tests were performed to derive necessary model parameters and provide experimental data regarding microstructural and mechanical characteristics for verification purposes. The simulation results, including grain structure and flow stress responses, showed good agreement with experimental observations under various deformation conditions, which indicated the reliability of the established PF model. The influences of deformation conditions on the microstructure evolution and mechanical responses were investigated. Next, a comparative analysis of fidelity and efficiency between the current model and the unmodified model was carried out. Results suggested that the algorithm yielded faithful results of the original model, and significantly reduced the computational memory and time.

ВПЛИВ МЕТАБОЛІЧНО АКТИВНИХ РЕЧОВИН НА СТРУКТУРУ ВРОЖАЮ ТА ВРОЖАЙНІСТЬ ОЗИМОГО ЖИТА СОРТІВ СИНТЕТИК 38 І ЗАБАВА

The aim of the work is to study the influence of pre-sowing seed treatment with compositions of metabolically active substances on the structure of yield and yield of winter rye plants Varieties Synthetic 38 and Zabava in the South-Eastern Polissya of Ukraine. The material of the study was the seeds of winter rye varieties Synthetic 38 and Zabava and compositions of metabolically active substances: vitamin E (10-8 М), paraoxybenzoic acid (PABX) (0.001 %), methionine (0.001 %), ubiquinone-10 (10-8 М) and MgSO4 (0.001 %) in the following combinations - vitamin E (10-8 М) + paraoxybenzoic acid (0.001 %) + methionine (0.001 %) (EPM), vitamin E (10-8 М) + paraoxybenzoic acid (0.001 %) ) + methionine (0.001 %) + MgSO4 (0.001 %) (EPMMg), vitamin E (10-8 М) + ubiquinone-10 (10-8 М) (EQ). The positive effect of pre-sowing treatment of winter rye seeds with compositions of metabolically active compounds, namely EPM, EPMMg and EQ on plant development during the growing season affected the formation of productive stems in winter rye plants of Synthetic 38 and Zabava varieties. The largest number of productive stems in plants of both varieties was formed using the composition EPMMg. Pre-sowing treatment of seeds with the studied compositions of metabolically active compounds also affected the main indicators of crop structure, namely there was an increase in ear length, number of grains in the ear, grain weight in the ear, the weight of 1000 grains, but to varying degrees. The largest number of grains in the ear and their mass were formed by plants of both varieties by pre-sowing seed treatment with EPMMg composition. The largest mass of 1000 grains was also formed by plants of both studied varieties by pre-sowing treatment with EPMMg composition. Accordingly, the biological yield of winter rye in the experimental group with pre-sowing treatment with EPMMg composition was the highest for plants of both varieties. Analysis of the yield structure of winter rye showed higher yields when using a composition of metabolically active compounds EPMMg due to such elements as productive tillering, the number of grains in the ear, and the weight of 1000 grains. It is obvious that the demonstrated increase in the content of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a and b) and the area of the leaf blade also contributes to the formation of plants with higher biological yields. Therefore, pre-sowing treatment with metabolically active compounds can be considered an effective method of agricultural technology, which has a positive effect on the size of the crop structure and the yield of winter rye varieties Synthetic 38 and Zabava. Substances that have shown their effectiveness can be used as components of stimulants.

Microstructural analysis of fine-grained magnesium after cyclic tension–tension fatigue testing at 0 °C

Microstructures were characterized for the fine-grained magnesium samples that experienced tension–tension fatigue testing and quasi-static tensile testing at 0 °C. Three fatigue cases were selected based on the relation between the maximum loading stress (σmax) of fatigue testing and the material's yield strength (σy). σmax was lower than σy for the first case, about equal to σy for the second case, and higher than σy for the third case. No tensile twinning was observed in the tested samples. With the increase of σmax experienced by the material, the number of small grains decreased and the number of large grains increased in the tested samples. Average grain size became larger for the samples after testing, and it increased linearly with the increase of σmax. Grain growth began with the merging of the blocks of small grains and continued with the merging of small grains to the neighboring large grains through grain rotation when σmax was increased.

Quantitative assessment of the microstructural factors controlling the fatigue crack initiation mechanisms in AZ31 Mg alloy

The deformation and fatigue crack nucleation mechanisms were studied by means of slip trace analysis and secondary electron microscopy in a textured AZ31B-O Mg alloy subjected to fully-reversed cyclic deformation at two different cyclic strain semi-amplitudes. Samples were deformed in two orientations leading to symmetric and non-symmetric cyclic stress-strain curves due to the activation of different deformation mechanisms. They were ascertained in longitudinal sections of the specimens, which included a large number of grains (from 1500 to 4500 for each specimen), to obtain statistically significant results. If the dominant deformation mechanisms were basal slip and tensile twinning/detwinning, the most damaging fatigue cracks were nucleated along twins in large grains, together with cracks parallel to basal slip bands associated with the localization of deformation in clusters of small grains suitably oriented for basal slip. If the main deformation mechanisms were tensile twinning/detwinning and pyramidal slip, the longest fatigue cracks were nucleated along pyramidal slip bands in large grains. Grain boundary cracks around small grains were found in all cases, but they were not critical from the viewpoint of fatigue failure. This information is relevant to assess the effect of the microstructural features on the fatigue life of Mg alloys and as input to simulate the fatigue behavior of Mg alloys using fatigue indicator parameters.

Modeling and analysis of grain morphology effects on deformation response based on crystal plasticity finite element method

AbstractIn order to investigate the grain morphology effects on deformation response at macro‐ and micro‐scale in polycrystalline metal, a method considering grain size and shape effects is proposed based on the classical crystal plasticity finite element method in this paper. A grain morphology controlled polycrystalline geometry model consisting of grain shape models and grain size transition models is developed based on Voronoi diagram. Grain size effect is introduced into the classical crystal plasticity constitutive model quantitatively on the basis of Hall‐Petch type relationship. With the aid of the method, grain aggregate finite element meshes with different mean grain sizes are established to simulate the deformation response of polycrystalline pure copper. The predicted values of flow stresses show good agreement with experimental ones. Finally, a set of grain aggregate finite element meshes with same mean grain size but different grain distributions are developed to simulate the uniaxial tension processes of polycrystalline pure copper. The results shown that the effects of grain morphology on the macro‐scale deformation response are insignificant under a large number of grains with random morphology and orientation. When the grain distributions changes regularly along the x direction, the maximum decrease of flow stress data is 10 MPa.

Influence of some herbicides and herbicide combinations on the elements of yield and some quality indicators of winter barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) variety Obzor

Abstract. In order to determine the impact of some herbicides and herbicide combinations on elements of yield in winter barley a field experiment was carried out under the block method, in 12 variants and 4 replicates using the herbicides: Granstar 75 DF, Derby Super WG, Secator OD; Lintur 70 WG, Stomp New 330 ЕC and Axial 050 EC. It has been found that the plants with the highest tiller productivity were the variants treated with Lintur 70WG and the combination of Secator OD + Axial 050 EC. The longest spikes were found in the plants treated individually with Secator OD. The largest is the number of spikes of plants treated with Stomp New 33 EC and the combination Lintur 70WG + Axial 050 EC. The herbicide combinations Granstar 75DF + Axial 050EK and Secator OD + Axial 050 EC imported into wheat seed provided the largest number of grains per spike. The largest grain weight per spike had a hand weeded control and herbicide combinations Granstar 75 DF+Axial 050 EK and Secator OD + Axial 050 EC.

Homogenized constitutive equations for porous single crystals plasticity

Ductile fracture through void growth to coalescence occurs at the grain scale in numerous metallic alloys encountered in engineering applications. Classical models used to perform numerical simulations of ductile fracture, as the Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman model and its extensions, are relevant for the case of large voids compared to the grain size, in which a homogenization of the material behavior over a large number of grains is used. Such modeling prevents assessing the effects of microstructure on both crack path and crack propagation resistance. Therefore, homogenized constitutive equations for porous single crystals plasticity are proposed, featuring void growth and void coalescence stages, hardening and void shape evolution. An original numerical implementation based on the coupling of Newton–Raphson and fixed point algorithms is described. In order to assess the accuracy of the proposed model as well as another one described recently in the literature, an extended database of porous unit-cell simulation results is gathered, investigating the effect of crystallographic orientations and hardening behavior for a FCC material. Strengths and weaknesses of both models are detailed with respect to the reference simulations, leading to the definition of the validity domain of the current model and to pinpoint necessary refinements.

Insights into the effect of different thermomechanical processing on the microstructure, phases, texture and tensile properties in Mg-0.9Al-0.6Mn-0.2Si-0.1Ca alloy

In this study, a Mg-0.9Al-0.6Mn-0.2Si-0.1Ca alloy (in as-cast form) has been subjected to homogenization treatment followed by different thermomechanical processing, namely hard plate hot forging (HPHF) and hot rolling (HR), at a fixed working temperature (723 K). The HPHF specimen has developed a bimodal grain size distribution comprising of fine recrystallized grains and coarse deformed (non-recrystallized) grains due to incomplete dynamic recrystallization. Most of these grains have basal orientations along the forging plane, leading to a strong basal fiber texture with low Schmid factor and low Taylor factor. The HR specimen, on the contrary, has developed a uniform grain size distribution consisting of mostly fine grains, with twins in some of the relatively coarser grains. Although a large number of grains in the HR specimen have basal orientations, some of the very fine newly recrystallized grains and the twinned regions attain non-basal orientations, leading to an overall weaker basal fiber texture. The Mg17Al12 phase from the as cast specimen has dissolved during both the thermomechanical treatments owing to its low melting point. Contrarily, the thermally stable Al8Mn5 precipitates are present in all the specimens. The finer grain size and higher dislocation density, along with the finer nano-sized Al8Mn5 precipitates, have resulted in greater strengthening in the HR specimen, as compared to the HPHF specimen. Furthermore, the weaker basal fiber texture, higher Schmid factor and higher Taylor factor have led to much better ductility as well as work hardening response in the HR specimen, than in the HPHF condition.

Winter barley grown in a long-term field trial with a large variation in N supply: Grain yield, yield components, protein concentration and their trends

Information on the responsiveness of winter barley to nitrogen (N) is scarce. Based on a long-term field trial (1978–2015) with different winter barley varieties in northern Germany combined with 64 N fertilizer treatments differing in amount (0–360 kg N ha−1) and distribution, the effects of N fertilizer amount and variety on the grain yield and its components, grain protein concentration (GPC), N use efficiency (NUE), and apparent fertilizer N recovery (AFR) were determined. In addition, quadratic N response curves and linear trends over the experimental period (parameters derived from annual N response curves) were estimated. N fertilization increased grain yield in all varieties, mainly due to a larger number of grains m−2 rather than to an improved thousand grain weight (TGW). The newer varieties released since the late 1990s outyielded the older ones, especially at higher N supply, revealing a clear breeding progress, which in turn resulted in an improved NUE and AFR. Only if exceeding 190 kg N ha−1 AFR started to decrease. During the trial, GPC in the unfertilized control significantly decreased, while the yield slightly, but non-significantly increased. In contrast, at economic optimum N supply, a significant increase in grain yield and number of grains m−2 occurred while TGW and GPC remained stable over time. From the practical view of barley growing in humid climates, our results suggest to provide sufficient grains per area (sinks) in order to tap the full yield potential, especially against the background of climate change with its predicted temperature increase in spring and summer impairing grain filling.

Влияние на вероятность удаления материала относительных вибраций абразивного инструмента и заготовки при чистовом шлифовании

Introduction. Grinding remains the most efficient and effective method of final finishing that is indispensable in the production of high-precision parts. The characteristic features of grinding materials are that the removal of the material roughness of the workpiece surface occurs due to the stochastic interaction of the grains of the abrasive material with the surface of the workpiece, in the presence of mutual oscillatory movements of the abrasive tool and the workpiece being processed. During processing workpieces with abrasive tools, the material is removed by a large number of grains that do not have a regular geometry and are randomly located on the working surface. This makes it necessary to apply probability theory and the theory of random processes in mathematical simulation of operations. In real conditions, during grinding, the contact of the wheel with the workpiece is carried out with a periodically changing depth due to machine vibrations, tool shape deviations from roundness, unbalance of the wheel or insufficient rigidity of the workpiece. To eliminate the influence of vibrations in production, tools with soft ligaments are used, the value of longitudinal and transverse feeds is reduced, but all these measures lead to a decrease in the operation efficiency, which is extremely undesirable. To avoid cost losses, mathematical models are needed that adequately describe the process, taking into account the influence of vibrations on the output indicators of the grinding process. The purpose of the work is to create a theoretical and probabilistic model of material removing during finishing and fine grinding, which allows, taking into account the relative vibrations of the abrasive tool and the workpiece, to trace the patterns of its removal in the contact zone. The research methods are mathematical and physical simulation using the basic provisions of probability theory, the laws of distribution of random variables, as well as the theory of cutting and the theory of deformable solids. Results and discussion. The developed mathematical models allow tracing the effect on the removal of the material of the superimposition of single sections on each other during the final grinding of materials. The proposed dependencies show the regularity of the stock removal within the arc of contact of the grinding wheel with the workpiece. The considered features of the change in the probability of material removal when the treated surface comes into contact with an abrasive tool in the presence of vibrations, the proposed analytical dependences are valid for a wide range of grinding modes, wheel characteristics and a number of other technological factors. The expressions obtained allow finding the amount of material removal also for the schemes of end, profile, flat and round external and internal grinding, for which it is necessary to know the magnitude of relative vibrations. However, the parameters of the technological system do not remain constant, but change over time, for example, as a result of wear of the grinding wheel. To assess the state of the technological system, experimental studies are carried out taking into account the above changes over the period of durability of the grinding wheel.

CREATION OF HIGHLY PRODUCTIVE FORMS OF WINTER WHEAT WITH COMPLEX RESISTANCE AGAINST DISEASES AND PESTS ON ARTIFICIAL INFECTIOUS BACKGROUNDS OF THEIR CAUSATIVE AGENTS

Diseases of field crops substantially reduce the yield and quality of the obtained agricultural products. Underselection of gross grain harvest due to diseases and pests can reach about 25-30% annually. This necessitates the creation of resistant varieties for winter wheat selection. The purpose of this study was to create a new highly productive selection material with complex resistance against the main most harmful diseases for further use in the selection of winter wheat. In the phase of emergence of plants in the tube, winter wheat plants were infected with spores of the causative agent of brown rust according to E.E. Heschele’s method. To create an artificial infectious background of brown rust, a synthetic population of the pathogen (Institute of Plant Protection of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences) was used as a reservoir of infection – a susceptible variety of Myronivska 10. To create an artificial infectious background of powdery mildew, a local population and an infectious reservoir of the American variety Keprock were used. In the F3 hybrid nursery against the provoking background of powdery mildew, combinations highly resistant to the pathogen (up to 5%) were selected, created with sources of resistance: Zdar, Fakon, Pi170911, Bongo – Svitanok Myronivskyi/Zdar, Kolos Myronivshchyny/Fakon, Berehynia Myronivska/Pi170911, Dostatok/Bongo. Resistance against the pathogen (up to 10.0%) was observed in two crossing combinations (Gorlytsia Myronivska/Gloria and Remeslivna/Wervok). Crossing combinations created with sources of resistance were selected on the artificial infectious background of hybrids of the fourth generation for resistance to brown rust: Flex, V 1275, Tobarzo, 203-238. It is worth noting the hybrids: Oberih Myronivskyi/Flex, Smuhlianka/V 1275, Monotyp/Tobarzo, Kolos Myronivshchyna/203-238. The largest number of grains in an ear was obtained from the combination Svitanok Myronivskyi/Zdar (61.5 pieces), and the largest weight of grain from an ear was obtained from the combinations Horlytsia Myronivska/Gloria and Berehynia Myronivska/Pi170911 (2.38 g and 2.37 g, respectively). The Oberih Myronivskyi/Flex combination stood out for its resistance to brown rust and performance elements. The samples selected based on the results of the study are used as valuable raw material to create new winter wheat varieties resistant to diseases in the Forest Steppe of Ukraine

Mechanical properties and microstructure evolution of aluminum alloy tubes with normal gradient grains under biaxial stress

Grain size gradient materials are a type of new structural material with the advantages of both coarse and fine grains. To study the effect of normal gradient grain on the mechanical properties and microstructure of aluminum alloy tubes during hydroforming, the normal gradient grain distribution of the outer fine and inner coarse grains was obtained using spinning and annealing methods, and the biaxial stress was determined using hydraulic bulging experiments. Gradient grain tubes with thicknesses of 300, 475, and 575 μm were obtained through spinning and annealing at different temperatures; the tensile strengths of the tubes were 79, 89, and 109 MPa; the maximum expansion rates were 18%, 17%, and 10%; and the work-hardening indices were 0.19, 0.20, and 0.17, respectively, under biaxial stress. With an increase in the refined grain area, the density of the low-angular grain boundaries (LAGBs) increased and the chance of stitching dislocation increased in the process of intragranular deformation, causing an increase in strength. However, the increase in the refined thickness weakened the compatible deformation due to a reduction in the number of large grains, leading to a decrease in plasticity. The obtained quantitative relationship between gradient grain and strength/ductility can be applied to guide production of aluminum alloy tubular parts in the aerospace and automotive industries.

Elements of Plant Productivity and Biological Yield Capacity of Grain Sorghum Hybrids Depending on the Inter-row Width and Seed Sowing Rate

Sorghum is one of the most important food, fodder, and energy crops in the world. The crop is resistant to stress factors, especially moisture deficiency. This biological feature allows it to form high and stable grain yields in conditions of moisture deficiency and hot temperature. Grain sorghum has a significant advantage in terms of several physiological, biological, yield characteristics compared to other crops, but the acreage under it in Ukraine stays limited. The main reason for this is, first, the lack of varietal technologies for its cultivation with improved elements. Therefore, the study of the complex influence of the rate of sowing seeds and the width of the row spacing on the formation of productivity elements is currently a relevant area of research. The main goal of the research was to study the influence of a complex of factors: row spacing, seed sowing rates on the productivity and biological yield of sorghum grain. The research was carried out in 2019-2021 at FE “Diunis”, Kreminskyi district, Luhansk region. The scheme of the experiment: width between rows - 35, 45 and 70 cm, hybrids - Swat and Flagg, sowing rates - 100,000 pieces/ha, 140,000, 180,000 and 220,000 pieces/ha. The Flagg hybrid formed a higher panicle productivity of the main and side stem systems. As to sorghum hybrid Flagg, the grain mass from panicle of the main and lateral stems was 45.1 and 39.0 g, respectively; that of hybrid Svat were 39.5 and 31.1 g. A higher panicle productivity of hybrid Flagg was formed due to a much larger mass of 1,000 grains (by 35–40 %); sorghum hybrid Svat had a larger number of grains in panicle of both stem systems. The biological grain productivity of both stem systems was higher for sorghum hybrid Flagg – 5.87 t/ha, as compared with that of early-ripening hybrid Svat, which was equal to 4.75 t/ha.

GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND PRODUCTIVITY OF PEAS FOR TREATMENT OF ITS SOWING WITH STRUCTURED WATER

In the variant without water treatment (control), the duration of the pea growing season was 77 days, spraying the crops with structured water extended the growing season by one day. The density of pea crops before harvesting in different variants was 695-936 pieces/m2. The densest was the sowing of peas on the option of watering with structured water, which was 19% more than in the control. The percentage of damage to the leaf surface of pea plants by disease was 4-7%. The most affected leaves were in the variant of spraying with ordinary water, which was 2% more than in the control. Irrigation of pea crops with structured water reduced the damage to the leaf surface of pea plants by diseases by 1%, compared with the control. No differences were found in other variants compared to the control. Damage of pea seeds by pests was 4-7% of beans. The highest percentage of bean damage was found in the variant of spraying with structured water, and the lowest - in the control and watering with structured water. Weediness of pea crops in different variants was 46-79 pieces/m2. Weeds were found more than in the control with watering options: structured water - by 39.5%, ordinary water - by 22%. In the other cases, the weeds did not differ from the control. The number of beans per pea plant ranged from 6.9 to 9.5 pieces. Most beans were observed in the variant of watering with structured water, which was 14.7% more than in the control. The number of grains in one pea was 5.3-6.2 pcs. The largest number of grains in beans was found in the options of spraying with structured water, watering with structured water, and watering with ordinary water, which was 8.1% more than in the control. The mass of a thousand pea seeds was 244-248 g. The largest mass of a thousand seeds was observed in the variant of watering with structured water, which was 1.2% more than in the control. The highest yield of pea grain was established on the variant of irrigation with structured water - 5.79 t/ha, which was 42.3% more than on the control and 22.3% more than on the variant of irrigation with ordinary water. Spraying with structured water provides a yield of 4.65 t/ha, which was 28.2% more than in the control and 28.8% more than when spraying with ordinary water, but 19.7% less than when watering with structured with water.