Large Frame Research Articles

Experimental and numerical study of a semi-submersible offshore fish farm under waves

The interaction between the semi-submersible offshore fish farm (SOFF) and waves was investigated by numerical simulations and dedicated model tests. The SOFF generally consists of three main components, such as large pontoon, frame system, and net system. And the hydrodynamic forces cannot be calculated by the same method due to the big difference in the main dimensions of them. Therefore, a hybrid numerical method of direct time domain and indirect time domain for the SOFF was proposed in this paper, and the calculation program was originally developed. In the present numerical method, the three dimensional potential theory was used to calculate the hydrodynamic loads on the large pontoon through indirect time domain, and the Morison equation and screen model were used to calculate the hydrodynamic loads on the frame system and net system, respectively. Then the total hydrodynamic loads on the SOFF at each time step can be obtained, and the motion responses of the SOFF were calculated in the time domain. The model tests were carried out in the wave basin, and the heave and pitch motions with wave periods were obtained. The numerical results were verified by the experimental results. A good agreement exists between the numerical results and experimental results. Then the effects of some key parameters on the motion responses were investigated by the present numerical model, such as draft, wave height and net solidity ratio. The results show that the draught of SOFF has an obvious influence on the heave and pitch motion. In addition, heave and pitch response amplitudes are positively correlated with wave amplitude. And the change of net solidity ratio has a notable effect on the heave motion and pitch motion.

'Modulated Perfectly': Scotland's Neoliberal Culture of Moderated Alcohol Dependency

The popular, especially British, imaginary casts Scotland as a drunken nation, just as Thatcherite political discourse presents Scotland as welfare-addicted at an individual and national level, apparently drunk on English money. In this article, I argue that Scottish literary culture has written back through a 'moderated' alcohol dependency, wherein alcohol provides emergency psychotherapy for a neoliberal professional class. I examine four novels featuring alcohol-dependent focalisers which date from the mid-1980s through to peak British alcohol consumption in 2004, namely Alasdair Gray's 1982, Janine (1984), Ron Butlin's The Sound of My Voice (1987), Janice Galloway's The Trick is to Keep Breathing (1989) and A. L. Kennedy's Paradise (2004). All of these texts look past the stereotypical immiseration of unemployed men in urban peripheral housing estates and towards a different constituency of alcohol addicts: qualified, productive, responsibilised, and self-modulating. In so doing, the works renegotiate physical, economic and constitutional dependency in Britain. But in a larger frame, they establish alcohol toxicomania in the context: of the psychopathological economy – in which productivity can only be sustained through the palliation of neoliberalism's mental health crises – and in late capitalism's reordering of social relations, or what Bernard Stiegler calls a 'liquidation of relations of fidelity'.

BRB system stability considering frame out-of-plane loading and deformation zone

A simple and economical design approach is described for a BRB system, consisting of a BRB within a steel frame, subject to in-plane and out-of-plane seismic displacements. The approach avoids out-of-plane system or brace instability while allowing large frame out-of-plane deformations and desirable BRB axial performance. It also limits the compressive/tension force ratio. It is based on the simple concept that a brace will be stable with two moment-releases (hinges) but that an out-of-plane buckling mechanism may occur with more than two. The hinges are detailed as specified deformation zones (SDZs) at the brace ends. The hinges use a plate which can yield about its weak axis during out-of-plane movement. Simple methods to assess the stability of the brace itself (between hinges) are developed, an example is provided illustrating how the monotonic deformation demand of the simple plate hinge can be assessed, and detailing recommendations are made to restrict the deformation of the boundary elements at the brace ends.

Implementation of Efficient Stopping Criteria for Turbo Decoding

The cellular systems with 4th generation, Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard have been transmitted the data at higher rates than the 3G, and 2G systems, in an ever-crowded frequency spectrum. This transmission needs more accuracy, high reliability, and throughput with a low area and power consumption. Therefore, it requires an efficient error control coding. Turbo code is used for LTE system for its good error correction ability at low signal to noise power ratio which can approach Shannon limit performance for large frame lengths. This paper presents a simple and efficient modification that can be applied to all present stopping criterion (SC) to achieve the quality of service mentioned previously. It’s proved that using a trimmed sequence of log-likelihood values (LLR) instead of the full length in the algorithms of stopping the iterative decoding has a significant impact on the utilized silicon area and throughput without a significant sacrifice in performance. It also presents a comparison of designing the Soft-Output Viterbi (SOVA) decoder using different arbitrary-precision fixed data types that offers by Vivado high-level synthesis (HLS) instead of the costlier float representation to reduce processing time and consumed area. Due to its high flexibility in designing and implementing prototype systems, the FPGA device (Kintex-7, Xilinx part number XC7K325T-2FFG900C) was utilized with different parallelism and loop pipelining directives to ensure acquiring the targeted initiation interval and silicon area.

The construction technology and finite element analysis of the whole lifting of large grid

Taking a large grid frame in a maintenance hangar of Guangzhou Baiyun Airport as the research object, the construction steps of lifting the grid structure are briefly described, and the static mechanical characteristics, dynamic mechanical characteristics and stability of the large grid frame were studied by using Midas/Civil finite element analysis software, which meets the design and the practical application requirements. Since its first six orders safety factors are greater than 4. The stress state of the nodes at the important supports in the grid is mainly controlled by axial force.

Seismic nonlinear vibration control algorithm for high-rise buildings

Abstract It is necessary to study the seismic problem of buildings and structures for various safety reasons. Such as prevent and to reduce the damage caused by earthquakes to the greatest extent possible, research feasible analysis methods, and simulate the performance of the structure under earthquake action by computer, to keep its design performance in future earthquake action, and to ensure the safety of people's lives and property. The seismic design based on nonlinear vibration control is proposed. SAP2000 structure analysis software is used to establish the seismic structure model, foundation isolation model, and floor isolation model of a 15-story large chassis frame structure, the nonlinear time-history analysis of the three models under the action of multiple and rare earthquakes is carried out, and the period, displacement and acceleration of the isolated structure and the aseismatic structure are compared. The results show that, under the action of multiple earthquakes, the base shear of foundation isolation is 1208.06 kN, and the floor isolation is 926.43 kN, which are 0.37 and 0.3 of the base shears of the aseismatic structure, respectively. Under the action of rare earthquakes, the base-isolation shear is 4039.59 kN, and the story isolation shear is 3119.99 kN, which are, respectively, 0.4 and 0.31 of the base-isolation shears of the aseismatic structure. This method provides a reliable evaluation for nonlinear seismic response analysis of large complex high-rise buildings and provides an effective reference.

Coat pigmentation effects in West African Dwarf goats: live weights and body dimensions

The effect of coat pigmentation on live weight and various body measurements (body length, shoulder width, head width, leg length, neck girth, heart girth, abdominal girth, heart depth and height at withers) of the West African Dwarf (WAD) goats were studied. Coat pigmentation significantly (P<0.05) affected live weight with the white and or tan (Awt) goats weighing the most (26.30 kg on the average). Body weight at maturity increased with decrease in pigmentation intensity. Although coat pigmentation had no significant effect on all the body dimensions studied except leg length, it was observed that the white and or tan goats had the largest frame size on the average followed by the brown (Bbl) goats. They however, had shorter legs when compared with either the brown or black goats. Frame size also increased with decrease in coat pigmentation intensity. Selection for large frame size and heavy weight at maturity on the basis of coat colour would therefore favour the white goats and those with low pigmentation intensity, where size and market price are the determinant factors. 

Intelligent Sports Video Classification Based on Deep Neural Network (DNN) Algorithm and Transfer Learning.

Traditional text annotation-based video retrieval is done by manually labeling videos with text, which is inefficient and highly subjective and generally cannot accurately describe the meaning of videos. Traditional content-based video retrieval uses convolutional neural networks to extract the underlying feature information of images to build indexes and achieves similarity retrieval of video feature vectors according to certain similarity measure algorithms. In this paper, by studying the characteristics of sports videos, we propose the histogram difference method based on using transfer learning and the four-step method based on block matching for mutation detection and fading detection of video shots, respectively. By adaptive thresholding, regions with large frame difference changes are marked as candidate regions for shots, and then the shot boundaries are determined by mutation detection algorithm. Combined with the characteristics of sports video, this paper proposes a key frame extraction method based on clustering and optical flow analysis, and experimental comparison with the traditional clustering method. In addition, this paper proposes a key frame extraction algorithm based on clustering and optical flow analysis for key frame extraction of sports video. The algorithm effectively removes the redundant frames, and the extracted key frames are more representative. Through extensive experiments, the keyword fuzzy finding algorithm based on improved deep neural network and ontology semantic expansion proposed in this paper shows a more desirable retrieval performance, and it is feasible to use this method for video underlying feature extraction, annotation, and keyword finding, and one of the outstanding features of the algorithm is that it can quickly and effectively retrieve the desired video in a large number of Internet video resources, reducing the false detection rate and leakage rate while improving the fidelity, which basically meets people's daily needs.

Batalla de frames en la campaña electoral de abril de 2019. Engagement y promoción de mensajes de los partidos políticos en Facebook

Framing processes are one of the preferred objects of study in the area of Communication, despite the frequent criticism regarding their theoretical and methodological strength. This study follows the proposal of Matthes and Kohring (2008) of the detection of frames through statistical analysis of clusters that operationalize the components as defined by Entman (2003) using framing elements. This is applied to the study of the electoral campaign on Facebook of the main Spanish political parties in the election of 28 April 2019. All messages published on this social network during the 15 days of the electoral campaign were captured automatically. The use of four large frames by the parties was detected, corresponding to events and political questions, request for vote, the rival party, and media treatment. The parties used these frames to different degrees: from the institutional and positive campaign of the PSOE, to the campaign aimed at criticizing the ruling party of the main opposition party, the PP, through the inclination towards media treatment of Unidas Podemos, or a focus on their own events and proposals by Ciudadanos and Vox. A negative correlation was detected between the frames most used by the political formations as a whole and the level of user engagement on Facebook, although the use of frames by PSOE and Unidas Podemos showed a greater parallelism with the levels of interaction in this social network. Resumen Los procesos de enmarcado, encuadre o framing son uno de los objetos de estudio preferentes en el área de Comunicación, a pesar de las frecuentes y reputadas críticas sobre su solidez teórica y metodológica. En esta investigación se sigue la propuesta de Matthes y Kohring (2008) para la detección de frames mediante análisis estadístico de conglomerados que operacionaliza en elementos de enmarcado los componentes de la definición de Entman (1993). Se aplica al estudio de la campaña electoral que hicieron los principales partidos políticos españoles a través de Facebook en la convocatoria del 28 de abril de 2019. Se capturaron automatizadamente todos los mensajes publicados en esta red social en los quince días de campaña electoral, detectándose el uso de cuatro grandes frames por parte de los partidos: marco de eventos y cuestiones políticas, marco de petición de voto, marco del partido rival y marco del tratamiento mediático. Los partidos utilizaron en diferente medida estos marcos: desde la campaña institucional y en positivo del PSOE; a la campaña volcada en criticar al partido gobernante del principal partido de la oposición, el PP; pasando por la inclinación hacia el tratamiento mediático de Unidas Podemos, o a centrarse en sus propios actos y propuestas de Ciudadanos y Vox. Se detectó una correlación negativa entre los frames más empleados por las formaciones políticas en su conjunto y el nivel de engagement en Facebook, si bien la utilización concreta de los marcos por parte del PSOE y Unidas Podemos sí mostró cierto paralelismo con los niveles de interacción en esta red social.

Seismic performance of eccentrically braced frames designed to AISC341 and EC8 specifications

In the United States, steel eccentrically braced frames (EBFs) are designed according to AISC341 Specification while in Europe EC8 provisions are used. The European provisions were developed mostly based on the research works conducted in the US. While EBF design recommendations in AISC341 and EC8 have similarities, marked differences exist in the amount of lateral force reduction and distribution of member over-strength among the stories. In addition, the effect of link over-strength on non-dissipative members is treated differently in the two specifications. A study has been undertaken to evaluate the performance of EBFs designed according to AISC341 and EC8. Pursuant to this goal, EBF archetype buildings with 3, 6, and 9 stories were designed using US and European provisions taking into account different force reduction factors. The archetype buildings were subjected to 44 far-field ground motions at the maximum considered earthquake level as recommended by FEMA P695. Nonlinear time history analyses were conducted by OpenSees analysis platform to obtain the link rotation angle, residual frame drift and column axial forces. The results showed that using larger force reduction factors and disregarding the distribution of member over-strength among stories result in large residual frame drifts and non-uniform link rotation angles along the height of the building. Considering a force reduction factor of 5 and imposing a limit on link over-strength among the stories were found to improve the performance considerably. Design recommendations were developed to enhance the performance of EBFs by unifying the rules given in AISC341 and EC8. The study was complemented by investigating the behavior of EBFs subjected to near-field ground motions with pulse. The results showed that near-field ground motions with pulse produce much higher link rotation angles when compared with the demands produced by far-field ground motions.

FROM THE ACADEMY TO THE STREET: THE CITY OF TOMORROW / A VILA DO MAÑÁ

The City of Tomorrow is an educational project whose objective is that from childhood and with the game as a tool, becomes aware of all the scales of the common: the tangible and intangible heritage, architecture, urbanism and landscape. It is necessary that childhood be present actively in the processes of construction of the common space (square, neighbourhood, city ...); for this it is fundamental that they discover and know the value of their environment; At the same time, it is necessary to provide them with tools to develop their creativity, from art and architecture. The aim is to provoke in them the awakening of a new look on the spaces in which they develop their life. At the same time that from the architectural discipline discover a new vision of the city, a vision that will bring us who will be the inhabitants of tomorrow. To work with the youngest and to be able to understand and transform their environment, we have based on strategies of art and architecture. Our tools of transformation will be the POINT, the LINE and THE PLANE (based on Kandinsky); to which we will add the THREE-DIMENSIONAL ELEMENT, rethinking the “gifts” of Froebel’s learning process, The children will tell us what their city is like, through a large golden frame, like O’Grady did. They will work with the human scale and its relationship with the city, based on the experiences of Yves Klein. His perception of the nearest environment will be modified, using the phenomenon of “defamiliarization” of Viktor Shklovski.

Effect of Breed Types and Castration on Carcass Characteristics of Boer and Large Frame Indigenous Veld Goats of Southern Africa.

Weaner male Boer Goats (BG; n = 36; 21 bucks and 15 wethers) and large frame Indigenous Veld Goats (IVG; n = 41; 21 bucks and 20 wethers) were raised on hay and natural grass ad libitum and the recommended amount of commercial pelleted diet to a live weight between 30 and 35 kg. Carcass quality characteristics (live weight, carcass weights, dressing %, chilling loss and eye muscle area) were measured. The right sides of the carcasses were divided into wholesale cuts and dissected into subcutaneous fat, meat and bone. Large frame Indigenous Veld Goat (IVG) wethers were slightly lighter than the IVG bucks with no significant difference observed between BG. Wethers compared to bucks had higher dressing %, subcutaneous fat % in all primal cuts, intramuscular fat %, kidney fat % and, overall, slightly less bone %. Some breed-wether interactions were noticed: IVG wethers were slightly lighter than the IVG bucks, but the IVG bucks tended to produce higher % meat compared to other test groups. Judged on the intramuscular fat % characteristics, it seems as if wethers should produce juicier and more flavorsome meat compared to bucks.

What every researcher should know about searching - clarified concepts, search advice, and an agenda to improve finding in academia.

We researchers have taken searching for information for granted for far too long. The COVID‐19 pandemic shows us the boundaries of academic searching capabilities, both in terms of our know‐how and of the systems we have. With hundreds of studies published daily on COVID‐19, for example, we struggle to find, stay up‐to‐date, and synthesize information—all hampering evidence‐informed decision making. This COVID‐19 information crisis is indicative of the broader problem of information overloaded academic research. To improve our finding capabilities, we urgently need to improve how we search and the systems we use.We respond to Klopfenstein and Dampier (Res Syn Meth. 2020) who commented on our 2020 paper and proposed a way of improving PubMed's and Google Scholar's search functionalities. Our response puts their commentary in a larger frame and suggests how we can improve academic searching altogether. We urge that researchers need to understand that search skills require dedicated education and training. Better and more efficient searching requires an initial understanding of the different goals that define the way searching needs to be conducted. We explain the main types of searching that we academics routinely engage in; distinguishing lookup, exploratory, and systematic searching. These three types must be conducted using different search methods (heuristics) and using search systems with specific capabilities. To improve academic searching, we introduce the “Search Triangle” model emphasizing the importance of matching goals, heuristics, and systems. Further, we suggest an urgently needed agenda toward search literacy as the norm in academic research and fit‐for‐purpose search systems.

Sagnac Gyroscopes and the GINGER Project

Large frame optical Sagnac gyroscopes, more commonly called ring laser gyroscopes, are considered the only device able to provide fast and very high sensitivity measurement of the length of the day (LOD), and of the Earth rotation axis variations. Several large frame Sagnac gyros are presently operative with high duty cycle and sensitivity well below fractions of nrad/s in 1 second measurement. At present other inertial angular rotation sensors are not competitive with ring laser gyroscopes. The feasibility depends on the so called hetero-lithic ring lasers. The present status of art is reported, and the feasibility of the main goals for geodesy discussed.

Transmission Rate Sampling and Selection for Reliable Wireless Multicast

The multicast communication concept offers a scalable and efficient method for many classes of applications; however, its potential remains largely unexploited when it comes to link-layer multicasting in wireless local area networks. The fundamental lacking feature for this is a transmission rate control mechanism that offers higher transmission performance and lower channel utilization, while ensuring the reliability of wireless multicast transmissions. This is much harder to achieve in a scalable manner for multicast when compared with unicast transmissions, which employs explicit acknowledgment mechanisms for rate control. This article introduces EWRiM, a reliable multicast transmission rate control protocol for IEEE 802.11 networks. It adapts the transmission rate sampling concept to multicast through an aggregated receiver feedback scheme and combines it with a sliding window forward error correction (FEC) mechanism for ensuring reliability at the link layer. An inherent novelty of EWRiM is the close interaction of its FEC and transmission rate selection components to address the performance-reliability tradeoff in multicast communications. The performance of EWRiM was tested in three scenarios with intrinsically different traffic patterns; namely, music streaming scenario, large data frame delivery scenario, and an IoT scenario with frequent distribution of small data packets. Evaluation results demonstrate that the proposed approach adapts well to all of these realistic multicast traffic scenarios and provides significant improvements over the legacy multicast- and unicast-based transmissions.

Dynamic efficiency evaluation of Italian judicial system using DEA based Malmquist productivity indexes

The aim of this study is the empirical analysis of the Italian judicial system, measuring its efficiency and productivity. For this purpose, in details, the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Malmquist indexes were used, since they are recognized by the current literature as successful techniques to evaluate the performance of decision making units, namely the courts of law in our field of application.The statistical data on the administration of justice in Italy, as reported in Dossier n. 11 May 2013, Senate Research Services, Research Office on Institutional Issues, Justice and Culture, XVII legislature, shows that the efficiency crisis of justice in Italy began in the 1970s of the last century, aggravating during the ‘80s, and reaching its most critical moment during the 1990s. Several studies emphasize the relevance of the effects of inefficiency upon the judicial system on the credit and financial markets.The present analysis, using data that covers a wide time span and is disaggregated at district level, has set the goal of measuring the efficiency of the individual Italian judicial offices while assessing the progress of productivity in its components, by the means of technological progress and scale efficiency. The efficiency analysis that was carried out transcends the aspect of judicial taxation, considering how the passage of time has impacted on judicial efficiency.Considering the judges and judicial administration employed, in the new, pending and finished cases during the years ranging from 2011 to 2016, the results highlighted a distinct heterogeneity among courts, depending on their geographical location. The five-year period that was considered, included the years in which the judicial geographical distribution reform entered into force, so to better comprehend how this complex reform influenced the recovery of efficiency of the judicial offices. Furthermore, by breaking down the index into change in efficiency and change in technology, this work offers a further glimpse into judiciary organization. The application of combined DEA method and Malmquist indexes for evaluating court efficiency in a large time frame showed very interesting and useful results, relevant for judicial administration.

Underground Sagnac gyroscope with sub-prad/s rotation rate sensitivity: Toward general relativity tests on Earth

Measuring in a single location on Earth its angular rotation rate with respect to the celestial frame, with a sensitivity enabling access to the tiny Lense-Thirring effect is an extremely challenging task. GINGERINO is a large frame ring laser gyroscope, operating free running and unattended inside the underground laboratory of the Gran Sasso, Italy. The main geodetic signals, i.e., Annual and Chandler wobbles, daily polar motion and Length of the Day, are recovered from GINGERINO data using standard linear regression methods, demonstrating a sensitivity better than 1 prad/s, therefore close to the requirements for an Earth-based Lense-Thirring test.

Research on Temperature Field Distribution in a Frame Mold during Autoclave Process.

The success of an autoclave process is related to the temperature characteristics of the mold. An inhomogeneous temperature field in the mold affects the quality of composite parts, which may lead to residual stress, voids, and other manufacturing defects of composite parts. In order to meet high-quality production demands, the temperature field in a mold should be investigated precisely. The temperature distribution in a large frame mold is critically evaluated in this work. Then, a method to control the temperature distribution in a large frame mold is proposed. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of the autoclave process is developed to predict the temperature evolution of the large frame mold. The model is validated by experimental results, which shows good agreement with a relative difference of 5.92%. The validated CFD model is then applied to analyze the temperature distribution characters in the mold with different control conditions. The results show that the temperature difference decreases by 13.3% when the mold placement angle is changed from 180 to 168°.

Multifactorial 10-Year Prior Diagnosis Prediction Model of Dementia.

Dementia is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects the older adult population. To date, no cure or treatment to change its course is available. Since changes in the brains of affected individuals could be evidenced as early as 10 years before the onset of symptoms, prognosis research should consider this time frame. This study investigates a broad decision tree multifactorial approach for the prediction of dementia, considering 75 variables regarding demographic, social, lifestyle, medical history, biochemical tests, physical examination, psychological assessment and health instruments. Previous work on dementia prognoses with machine learning did not consider a broad range of factors in a large time frame. The proposed approach investigated predictive factors for dementia and possible prognostic subgroups. This study used data from the ongoing multipurpose Swedish National Study on Aging and Care, consisting of 726 subjects (91 presented dementia diagnosis in 10 years). The proposed approach achieved an AUC of 0.745 and Recall of 0.722 for the 10-year prognosis of dementia. Most of the variables selected by the tree are related to modifiable risk factors; physical strength was important across all ages. Also, there was a lack of variables related to health instruments routinely used for the dementia diagnosis.

Hybrid meshed analysis on rhombus shaped solid material domain (RSSMD) equipped with non-Newtonian liquid stream

Abstract It is noticed that the buoyantly convective flow of non-Newtonian fluids equipped in the closed cavities is not investigated at the large frame in comparison with the viscous fluids. This is because of the complication of computational boundaries. Therefore, the present analysis is a notable attempt to examine the non-Newtonian fluid equipped in a rhombus-shaped enclosure. The heated T-shaped fin is embedded in a flow field to report the heat transfer aspects. The no-slip condition is implemented at boundary walls of the enclosure and T-shaped fin. The rhombus cavity rooted with T-shaped fin comprises of the cold, adiabatic and heated boundary assumptions. The physical problem is controlled in terms of the differential system. For solution purpose, the finite element method is utilized. It is noticed that the stream function maximized and minimized in an equal magnitude towards Rayleigh number. It is observed that the average Nusselt number along the T-shaped fin is found an increasing function of Rayleigh number. The Casson fluid temperature along the vertical line of fin shows inciting nature for both the Casson fluid parameter and Rayleigh number.