Large Forehead Research Articles

Approach to a Large Forehead and Brow Defect in Patient Requiring Adjuvant Radiotherapy.

Approach to a Large Forehead and Brow Defect in Patient Requiring Adjuvant Radiotherapy.

53867 Reconstruction of a Large Forehead Defect using Bilateral Banner Flap

53867 Reconstruction of a Large Forehead Defect using Bilateral Banner Flap

Infant Faces Induce Behavioral Approach Tendencies: Evidence From a Manikin Task1,2

AbstractInfant faces are generally perceived as being cute and motivate the observer to look at them longer. This phenomenon is thought to be based on elemental features called baby schema (e.g., a round face and a large forehead). This study investigated the behavioral tendencies of observers in approaching infant faces using a manikin task in which infant and adult face images were presented as stimuli. Participants (N = 40) were instructed to identify with the manikin, discriminate a face on the screen, and respond by moving the manikin closer to the face (approach trials) or farther away from it (avoidance trials). The faces were presented either upright or inverted. The results showed that the approach–avoidance indices (the mean reaction time and error rate of avoidance trials minus those of approach trials) were larger for infant faces than for adult faces regardless of face orientation, although the difference was greater for upright faces than for inverted faces. This approach tendency toward infant faces is possibly due to elemental features rather than face‐specific holistic features.

Intellectual developmental disorder with hypertelorism and distinctive facies (IDDHDF) A case study with literature review

The research aims to investigate the clinical manifestations of neurodevelopmental problems in children with different facies and CCNK gene mutant characteristics. A literature study was carried out to identify the role of CCNK mutations in IDDHDF. Chinese and international search engines like PubMed, MEDLINE, Wanfang Data Knowledge, and Google Scholar were used to search. The search phrases "CCNK", "intellectual developmental disorder", "hypertelorism", and "distinctive facies" were used. A total of 5 studies were found, 11 cases were presented, 3 were thoroughly discussed, and 1 case was presented in this study. The clinical signs and genetic characteristics of children with intellectual developmental disorders with hypertelorism and unique facies were summarized. A male child was 1 year 4 months old. Last 1 year, he appeared of motor and cognitive lag, unable to crawl or stand. He had a large forehead head, wide eye spacing, and cognitive deficiencies, and he was clinically diagnosed with global developmental delay. C.437(exon5) T>C was not found in any of the child's parents and represents a de novo mutation. The main clinical signs were impairments in intellectual development, wide eye spacing, and facial feature features. The findings of the studies discussed here imply that mutations in the CCNK gene may cause IDDHDF. This is a very new kind of study in China to uncover the clinical aspects of a case of Intellectual developmental disorder with hypertelorism and distinctive facies (IDDF). It's discovered that wild-type mRNA coding CCNK partially repaired early defects but not the mRNA with the identified likely pathogenic variation c.331A>G. This shows that CCNK variations are involved in IDDF. The researchers also discovered that the likely pathogenic mutation c.331A>G may induce IDDF via a haploinsufficiency mechanism.

Repair of Large Lateral Forehead and Temporal Wound.

Repair of Large Lateral Forehead and Temporal Wound.

Reconstruction of a Large Forehead Defect: Reflection on the Vascular Supply.

Reconstruction of a Large Forehead Defect: Reflection on the Vascular Supply.

Repair of a Large Central Forehead Defect.

Repair of a Large Central Forehead Defect.

Modified H-plasty in large basal cell carcinoma defect reconstruction on the forehead.

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common malignancy worldwide. Surgical removal is considered the gold standard treatment. However, large defects following excisional surgery can pose a significant challenge for reconstruction, especially in cases where primary closure is not possible. In these cases, skin flaps may be used. Most traditional skin flaps are limited by design to take advantage of only one region of relative skin excess. This paper reports a case of a large forehead defect following BCC excision that was successfully reconstructed by a modified Hplasty involving a U-plasty and rotation-advancement flap. Maintenance of aesthetics without impaired function is the aim of closure defects with combined flaps.

Temporoparietal Fasciocutaneous Island Flap for Forehead and Anterior Scalp Reconstruction.

Background: Forehead and anterior scalp large defect reconstruction is challenging and often requires skin grafting. Objective: To measure the advancing distance and the survival of the temporoparietal fascia (TPF) island flap in forehead and anterior scalp reconstruction. Methods: The study design was a retrospective case series. Participants included all patients who had undergone TPF island flap for forehead and anterior scalp defects of 3 cm and greater from 2009 to 2021. Flap advancing distance and vascular compromise were analyzed. Results: Patient's average age at time of surgery was 73 (standard deviation [SD] 14) years with more males (n = 24, 67%) than females (n = 12, 33%). Of 36 patients, 24 had forehead and 12 had anterior scalp defects, 26 cases had a full TPF island flap, and 10 cases underwent the partial island modification. Flap edge ischemia occurred in two cases (6%) and complete ischemia occurred in one case (3%). The median flap advancing distance was 3.7 cm (SD 1.2). Conclusions: In this 12-year review, we found that the TPF island flap is able to advance up to 7.5 cm and thus is an effective reconstruction for medium to large forehead and anterior scalp defects.

That brachycephalic look: Infant-like facial appearance in short-muzzled dog breeds.

Brachycephalic dog breeds are highly popular, yet their conformation-related disorders represent a major welfare concern. It has been suggested that the current popularity of such breeds can be explained by their cute, infant-like facial appearances. The concept of 'kindchenschema' refers to the observation that certain physical features of infant humans and other animals can automatically stimulate positive and nurturant feelings in adult observers. But the proposal that brachycephalic dogs possess heightened 'kindchenschema' facial features, even into adulthood, has never been formally investigated. Here, we hypothesised that relative muzzle shortening across a range of breeds would be associated with known 'kindchenschema' facial features, including a relatively larger forehead, larger eyes and smaller nose. Relative fronto-facial feature sizes in exemplar photographs of adult dogs from 42 popular breeds were measured and associated with existing data on the relative muzzle length and height-at-withers of the same breeds. Our results show that, in adulthood, shorter-muzzled breeds have relatively larger (taller) foreheads and relatively larger eyes (i.e. area of exposed eyeball relative to overall face area) than longer-muzzled breeds, and that this effect is independent of breed size. In sum, brachycephalic dog breeds do show exaggeration of some, but not all, known fronto-facial 'kindchenschema' features, and this may well contribute to their apparently cute appearance and to their current popularity as companion animals. We conclude that the challenge of addressing conformation-related disorders in companion dogs needs to take account of the cute, 'kindchenschema' looks that many owners are likely to be attracted to.

Repair of a Lateral Large Forehead Defect.

Breglio, Kimberly MD, DPhil*; Carrasquillo, Osward Y. MD, MPH†; Merritt, Bradley G. MD† Author Information

RADT-17. A CASE OF RECURRENT GLIOBLASTOMA EFFECTIVELY TREATED WITH TUMOR-TREATING-FIELDS(TTFS)

Abstract The patient was admitted to our hospital due to sudden headache in February 2021, and the head MRI showed "right frontal mass". On February 8, 2021, a large right forehead mass resection was performed under general anesthesia. The postoperative pathology showed: Glioblastoma (WHO grade IV). Regular chemotherapy with temozolomide was given postoperatively. In June 2021, the re-examination of the head MRI examination considered the possibility of recurrence, and tumor-treating-fields(TTFs) was started. Subsequently, the head MRI was reviewed every 2 months, and it was seen that the lesions gradually shrank. At present, the patient is generally in good condition without headache and other discomfort, and has obtained 15 months of PFS since the operation.

Examination of morphological traits of children's faces related to perceptions of cuteness using Gaussian process ordinal regression.

Konrad Lorenz, an ethologist, proposed that certain physical elements are perceived as cute and induce caretaking behavior in other individuals, with the evolutionary function of enhancing offspring survival. He called these features Kindchenschema, baby schema. According to his introspection, these include a large forehead, chubby round features, and chubby cheeks. Previous studies are limited to examining the effects of these facial features on perceived cuteness. However, other morphological factors may be related to perceived cuteness. This study uses Bayesian optimization, one of the global sequential optimization methods for estimating unknown functions, to search for facial morphological features that enhance the perceptions of facial cuteness. We applied Bayesian optimization incorporating Gaussian process ordinal regression (GPOR), which allows an estimation of the latent cuteness function based on evaluations using the Likert scale. A total of 96 preschool children provided the facial images used in this study. We summarized the facial shape variations using methodologies of geometric morphometrics and principal component analysis (PCA) up to the third principal component (PC), which we refer to as the face space. A total of 40 participants evaluated the images created by warping the average facial texture of the children's faces with randomly generated parameters in the face space. Facial traits related to perceived cuteness were estimated based on the averaged cuteness function. Perceived cuteness was linked to the relative lower position of facial components and narrower jawline but not to the forehead height.

Double transposition flaps for the reconstruction of a large forehead defect involving the lateral eyebrow

Double transposition flaps for the reconstruction of a large forehead defect involving the lateral eyebrow

Repair of a Large Lateral Forehead and Temple Defect.

Repair of a Large Lateral Forehead and Temple Defect.

Reconstruction of a Large Upper Paramedian Forehead Defect.

Reconstruction of a Large Upper Paramedian Forehead Defect.

Attractive Versus Golden Ratios: Formula of Utopian Beauty through Comparison of Facial Proportions among Worldwide Celebrities and Average People.

Beauty criteria change according to trends, cultures, and expectations. So, the golden ratios are not enough to understand the actual beauty concept. It is aimed to create a method and formula to define beauty in terms of different facial measurements and ratios as variables. Frontal view photographs of 50 celebrities and 50 volunteers (female [ n = 70] and male [ n = 30]) were obtained. Thirty-three specific facial points were used. Fifty-nine measurements of distances between those points and ratios of those distances are used as statistical variables. Mean values of those variables for celebrities are compared with all participants.Then, ''total beauty score'' using statically significant differences is defined. Points according to the importance level of interested value are assigned; 1 point for a significance of 0.001 ≤ P < 0.05 and 2 points for P < 0.001. Possible independent variables for the prediction of Utopian Beauty Score were determined using linear regression analysis. Finally, 10 variables (6 measurements and 4 ratios) are used to determine a formula for beauty. In celebrities, the distance between head apex and hair border, lower lip vertical length, the distance between brow medial borders and forehead vertical length were higher than the average population ( P < 0.001, 0.023, 0.034, 0.001, respectively). However, the width of columella, a length between bilateral ala nasi, horizontal face, and vertical nose length, and the distance between brow apexeyelash line were shorter ( P = 0.005, < 0.001, < 0.001, < 0.001, < 0.001, respectively). Some study variables had severely significant correlations with the total beauty point (M29, r = -0.744, P < 0.001; R19, r =-0.745, P < 0.001; and R30, r = -0.735, P < 0.001). The linear regression formula for Utopian Beauty Score was determined according to statistically significant variables as y = 86.5 - 3.6 M5 + 8.1 M14 + 11.1 M20 - 6.4 M25-8.7 M29-10.3 M30-15.6 R19 + 9.3 R20 + 16.4 R25 + 18.3 R26. A large forehead, small nose with lifted tip, plump lip, brows with lateral apex, well-spaced eyes, and ovoid, elliptical face lines are seem to be more attractive. Additionally, a method to create a formula for beauty with variables of different measurements and ratios of facial points are determined.

A novel technique for forehead and eyebrow reconstruction using a temporal hairline flap combined with a free forearm flap: a report of two cases.

We herein report a novel technique for managing large forehead skin defects that include the eyebrows and upper eyelid. Case 1 was of a 55-year-old woman with an eccrine carcinoma (T2N0M0) at the right forehead, resulting in a skin defect 15 cm in diameter. Case 2 was of an 81-year-old man with a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (T1a N0M0) at the left forehead, resulting in a skin defect 18 cm in diameter. A pedicled temporal hairline flap and free forearm flap were combined and placed on the defect, and good eyebrows and forehead morphology was ultimately achieved.

Repair of a Large Lateral Forehead Defect.

Repair of a Large Lateral Forehead Defect.

Deep Plane Reconstruction of a Large Forehead Defect and Modified Browlift With Browpexy.

Deep Plane Reconstruction of a Large Forehead Defect and Modified Browlift With Browpexy.