Large Connectivity Limit Research Articles

Localization in the Discrete Non-linear Schrödinger Equation and Geometric Properties of the Microcanonical Surface

It is well known that, if the initial conditions have sufficiently high energy density, the dynamics of the classical Discrete Non-Linear Schr\"odinger Equation (DNLSE) on a lattice shows a form of breaking of ergodicity, with a finite fraction of the total charge accumulating on a few sites and residing there for times that diverge quickly in the thermodynamic limit. In this paper we show that this kind of localization can be attributed to some geometric properties of the microcanonical potential energy surface, and that it can be associated to a phase transition in the lowest eigenvalue of the Laplacian on said surface. We also show that the approximation of considering the phase space motion on the potential energy surface only, with effective decoupling of the potential and kinetic partition functions, is justified in the large connectivity limit, or fully connected model. In this model we further observe a synchronization transition, with a synchronized phase at low temperatures.

One-loop topological expansion for spin glasses in the large connectivity limit

We apply for the first time a new one-loop topological expansion around the Bethe solution to the spin-glass model with a field in the high connectivity limit, following the methodological scheme proposed in a recent work. The results are completely equivalent to the well-known ones, found by standard field-theoretical expansion around the fully connected model (Bray and Roberts 1980, and following works). However this method has the advantage that the starting point is the original Hamiltonian of the model, with no need to define an associated field theory, nor to know the initial values of the couplings, and the computations have a clear and simple physical meaning. Moreover this new method can also be applied in the case of zero temperature, when the Bethe model has a transition in field, contrary to the fully connected model that is always in the spin-glass phase. Sharing with finite-dimensional model the finite connectivity properties, the Bethe lattice is clearly a better starting point for an expansion with respect to the fully connected model. The present work is a first step towards the generalization of this new expansion to more difficult and interesting cases as the zero-temperature limit, where the expansion could lead to different results with respect to the standard one.

Rare events statistics of random walks on networks: localisation and other dynamical phase transitions

Rare event statistics for random walks on complex networks are investigated using the large deviation formalism. Within this formalism, rare events are realised as typical events in a suitably deformed path-ensemble, and their statistics can be studied in terms of spectral properties of a deformed Markov transition matrix. We observe two different types of phase transition in such systems: (i) rare events which are singled out for sufficiently large values of the deformation parameter may correspond to localised modes of the deformed transition matrix; (ii) ‘mode-switching transitions’ may occur as the deformation parameter is varied. Details depend on the nature of the observable for which the rare event statistics is studied, as well as on the underlying graph ensemble. In the present paper we report results on rare events statistics for path averages of random walks in Erdős–Rényi and scale free networks. Large deviation rate functions and localisation properties are studied numerically. For observables of the type considered here, we also derive an analytical approximation for the Legendre transform of the large deviation rate function, which is valid in the large connectivity limit. It is found to agree well with simulations.

The large connectivity limit of the Anderson model on tree graphs

We consider the Anderson localization problem on the infinite regular tree. Within the localized phase, we derive a rigorous lower bound on the free energy function recently introduced by Aizenman and Warzel. Using a finite volume regularization, we also derive an upper bound on this free energy function. This yields upper and lower bounds on the critical disorder such that all states at a given energy become localized. These bounds are particularly useful in the large connectivity limit where they match, confirming the early predictions of Abou-Chacra, Anderson, and Thouless.

Quantum criticality for extended nodes on a Bethe lattice in the large connectivity limit

Theoretical description of anisotropic systems, such as layered superconductors and coupled spin chains, is often a challenge due to the different natures of interactions along different directions. As a model of such a system, we present an analytical study of $d$-dimensional ``nodes'' arranged as the vertices of a Bethe lattice, where each node has nonzero spatial dimension and is described by an $O(N)$ quantum rotor model, and there is hopping between neighboring nodes. In the limit of large connectivity on the Bethe lattice, the hopping can be treated by constructing a self-consistent effective action for a single node. This procedure is akin to dynamical mean field theory, but generalized so that spatial as well as quantum fluctuations are taken into account on each node. The quantum phase transition is studied using this effective action for both infinite and finite $N$. The importance of the Perron-Frobenius uniform mode on the Bethe lattice is discussed, and its elimination via an ``infinite-range hopping'' term shifts the transition, leading to nontrivial critical behavior. We calculate critical exponents and find that the internode hopping reduces the upper and lower critical dimensions each by 1, indicating that---at least for the purposes of quantum criticality---the large number of internode couplings is similar to adding a single extra dimension to the theory describing a single node.

Anderson Model on Bethe Lattices: Density of States, Localization Properties and Isolated Eigenvalue

We revisit the Anderson localization problem on Bethe lattices, putting in contact various aspects which have been previously only discussed separately. For the case of connectivity 3 we compute by the cavity method the density of states and the evolution of the mobility edge with disorder. Furthermore, we show that below a certain critical value of the disorder the smallest eigenvalue remains delocalized and separated by all the others (localized) ones by a gap. We also study the evolution of the mobility edge at the center of the band with the connectivity, and discuss the large connectivity limit.

Exact solution of the Bose-Hubbard model on the Bethe lattice

The exact solution of a quantum Bethe lattice model in the thermodynamic limit amounts to solve a functional self-consistent equation. In this paper we obtain this equation for the Bose-Hubbard model on the Bethe lattice, under two equivalent forms. The first one, based on a coherent state path integral, leads in the large connectivity limit to the mean field treatment of Fisher et al. [Phys. Rev. B {\bf 40}, 546 (1989)] at the leading order, and to the bosonic Dynamical Mean Field Theory as a first correction, as recently derived by Byczuk and Vollhardt [Phys. Rev. B {\bf 77}, 235106 (2008)]. We obtain an alternative form of the equation using the occupation number representation, which can be easily solved with an arbitrary numerical precision, for any finite connectivity. We thus compute the transition line between the superfluid and Mott insulator phases of the model, along with thermodynamic observables and the space and imaginary time dependence of correlation functions. The finite connectivity of the Bethe lattice induces a richer physical content with respect to its infinitely connected counterpart: a notion of distance between sites of the lattice is preserved, and the bosons are still weakly mobile in the Mott insulator phase. The Bethe lattice construction can be viewed as an approximation to the finite dimensional version of the model. We show indeed a quantitatively reasonable agreement between our predictions and the results of Quantum Monte Carlo simulations in two and three dimensions.

On the entropy of the Viana-Bray model

The entropy of the Viana-Bray model at zero temperature and external field is calculated within the solution which takes into account only delta functions for the global order parameter P(h). It is shown that such solution is unsatisfactory both from the viewpoint of stability analysis and for not reproducing the well known Sherrington-Kirkpatrick result in the large connectivity limit thus pointing out the relevance of considering solutions with continuous part in P(h) for such model and possibly related models.

The glassy phase of Gallager codes

Gallager codes are the best error-correcting codes to-date. In this paper we study them by using the tools of statistical mechanics. The corresponding statistical mechanics model is a spin model on a sparse random graph. The model can be solved by elementary methods (i.e. without replicas) in a large connectivity limit. For low enough temperatures it presents a completely frozen glassy phase (q_{EA}=1). The same scenario is shown to hold for finite connectivities. In this case we adopt the replica approach and exhibit a one-step replica symmetry breaking order parameter. We argue that our ansatz yields the exact solution of the model. This allows us to determine the whole phase diagram and to understand the performances of Gallager codes.

Temperature and pressure effects on the resistivity of the manganese oxides

The temperature and pressure effects on the resistivity of the manganese oxides are studied analytically via the Kondo lattice model with a strong Hund's coupling. We obtain analytically the single-particle density of states on the Bethe lattice in the large connectivity limit using the analytical variant of the dynamic Lanczos method. From the density of states for the doped system, we obtain resistivity and show resistivity drop when temperature crosses the magnetic transition point. We also demonstrate the effect of pressure both below and above the transition temperature.