State Land Research Articles

סוגיית העדפת בני המקום בהקצאות קרקע למגורים בסוגי יישוב שונים בישראל

The question of who has the right to reside in a particular locality has been at the center of public and legal discourse in Israel for many years. This is the result of official and unofficial mechanisms intended to exclude certain individuals or groups. This article deals with a related though different issue, which focuses on the preference given to locals during the allocation of state land. Addressing this question requires a discussion of issues such as individual freedom, the meaning of home, the importance of family, the significance of residency in a particular place, the nature of various types of settlements in Israel, justice in land distribution and the necessity of correcting of historical wrongs versus the perpetuation of existing social stratification, as well as the preservation of existing communities versus concerns about pushing them out of a neighborhood or settlement. After presenting a framework for thinking about the issue of preference of locals, the article conducts a critical examination of the existing legal framework in Israel in both rural areas, where the right of residency is managed by cooperative associations, and urban areas, which include, for this purpose, the settlements of minorities. The conclusion drawn from this analysis is that the same flaws in legal decision making with respect to acceptance by a settlement also exist in the regulation of the preference for locals. The social and economic outcomes that affect the lives of individuals and the distribution of land in Israel perpetuate established ways of thinking about forms of residency and about disparities and social differentiation in Israel.

Consistency in the Management of Tourist Attractions in Central Bangka Based on Regional Regulation Number 4 of 2019 concerning the Master Plan for Tourism Development in Central Bangka Regency for 2019-2025

The study of this research discusses the implementation of Regional Regulation Number 4 of 2019 concering the Tourism Development Master Plan of Central Bangka Regency for 2019-2025 in managing tourism objects in Central Bangka. Management of Tourism Objects in Central Bangka currently faces challenges that make te management of Tourism Objects less than optimal. The purpose of this research is to find out and describe the consistency of tourism objects management in Central Bangka based on Regional Regulation Number 4 of 2019 concerning the Tourism Development Master Plan of Central Bangka Regency 2019-2025 and to find out the challenges in implementing Regional Regulation Number 4 of 2019 concerning the Tourism Development Master Plan of Central Bangka Regency 2019-2025. The theory used in this research is the theory of Public Policy Implementation by Grindle. This research used the descriptive qualitative methode that used qualitative data and is elaborated into descriptive data. The data obtained will then be analyzed and described, the results of this study are able to find out the implementation of Regional Regulation Number 4 of 2019 concerning the Tourism Development Master Plan of Central Bangka Regency 2019-2025 in carrying out the management of Tourism Object in Central Bangka. In this case, it can be seen that there are several challenges faced by the Regional Government of Central Bangka Regency of implementing and managing Tourism Objects based on Regional Regulation Number 4 of 2019 concering Development Master Plan of Central Bangka Regency 2019-2025, including Regional Financial/Funding Capability, Human Resources, Lack of Tourism Promotion and Marketing Activities, Land Status, and Regional-Connected with Belitung. This makes the management of Tourism Objects in Cental Bangka less optimal and becomes obstructed.

Status of Land Carrying Capacity for Agricultural and Environmental Sustainability in the Nusa Penida Tourism Area

Land resources are very important in supporting tourism activities. As a developing tourism area, Nusa Penida requires sufficient land resources. The increasing population and tourists have triggered new activities affecting land use patterns, negatively impacting land availability and agricultural sustainability. This study aims to calculate the availability, needs, and status of land-carrying capacity to support the sustainability of agriculture in the Nusa Penida Tourism Area until 2028. The research method uses a quantitative approach by collecting primary data obtained directly in the field, secondary data originating from previous research, and data originating from official sources. The result of the calculation of land requirements based on the ecological footprint is the number of inhabitants multiplied by the ecological footprint (gha/capita); the land requirement for 2020 is 49,849 people multiplied by 0.36958702, which is 17,724.283 hectares, while the availability of land in Nusa Penida is 9,894 hectares. This shows that the carrying capacity of land in Nusa Penida has exceeded the threshold or a deficit of 7,830.283 hectares. The area of land in Nusa Penida reaches 20,284 hectares. In contrast, the availability of land in Nusa Penida is based on calculations using the actual production of each type of commodity and the price of rice at the producer level, the unit price of each commodity at the producer level, and the productivity of rice in Nusa Penida is only 9,894 hectares. The projection of land needs until 2028 is 24,640 hectares, so the land carrying capacity in Nusa Penida is a deficit. The results of the calculation of land requirements based on the ecological footprint are 14,746.283 hectares, while the availability of land in Nusa Penida is 9,894 hectares. This shows that the land carrying capacity in Nusa Penida has a deficit of 12,374.283 hectares.

Navigating the New Norm: Understanding the Provisions and Impacts of the Lagos State Land Registration Law of 2015

Navigating the New Norm: Understanding the Provisions and Impacts of the Lagos State Land Registration Law of 2015

Effectiveness of State and Non-state Land Resource Management Institutions in the Mungo Landscape of Cameroon

Effectiveness of State and Non-state Land Resource Management Institutions in the Mungo Landscape of Cameroon

Growth, Yield and Uptake of P Four Variety Soybeans on Biocomposted Coastal Lands

Soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) are a popular food commodity in Indonesia, but domestic production is still insufficient to meet the demand. To increase production, planting superior varieties on coastal land could be a viable solution. Despite the challenging biological, physical, and chemical conditions of coastal land, nutrients such as phosphorus (P) are crucial for enhancing production. Typically, the phosphorus content in the soil is lower than that of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K), and the ability of soybean plants to absorb phosphorus varies among varieties. This research aims to compare the growth, yield, and phosphorus uptake of four soybean varieties on biocomposted coastal land. The study was conducted using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with a single factor consisting of four soybean varieties: Wilis, Anjasmoro, Malika, and Detam 1. The results indicate that the Anjasmoro, Wilis, Detam 1, and Malika varieties exhibit similar responses in phosphorus absorption. However, the Anjasmoro and Wilis varieties demonstrate better adaptability compared to Malika and Detam 1, as evidenced by their superior growth and yield. This suggests that Anjasmoro and Wilis have a higher capability to adapt to the challenging conditions of coastal land. Therefore, these two varieties are recommended for cultivation in coastal areas to boost soybean productivity, ensuring the sustainability and stability of the national food supply.

Eksistensi Wilayah Sukadana dalam Dimensi Sejarah

Sukadana is one of the sub-districts in Ciamis Regency which was administratively established in 1992. The name Sukadana itself is an ancient name and has similarities with the name of several regions in Indonesia with quite old existence. This research is quite important because it can open up views on the meaning of the name Sukadana and is the first research to examine the existence of Sukadana in a historical dimension. Based on this, the author is interested in researching the existence of Sukadana and toponymic of Sukadana seen from the historical dimensions. In this research the author uses historical methodology with stages starting from choosing a topic, collecting evidence, making important notes, evaluating, compiling to presenting. Based on the data collected, it can be seen that the area which is now Sukadana District has been listed since the mid-17th century AD. The name Sukadana itself most likely existed long before that. Morphologically, Sukadana has a very sacred role because it is Karesian whose land status is sima land (leuweung kolot). Research on the history of Sukadana must continue to reveal facts about the past of the Sukadana District area.

Оценка влияния состояния и использования земель сельскохозяйственного назначения на обеспечение продовольственной безопасности регионов страны

The article examines the influence of the condition and use of agricultural land on ensuring food security in the regions. The objectives of the study are to study the condition, problems and efficiency of use of agricultural land. A typology of regions is proposed according to the level of food balance, production, share of exports and imports, as well as their classification depending on climatic and natural conditions. The study showed that donor regions are characterized by a positive food balance, participation in interregional exchange using their own surpluses, and a minimum level of imports. Recipient regions have a negative food balance and can carry out interregional exchange through imports.

Церковь и ее епископы в остготской Италии: правоимущественный аспект

This article is an attempt to address a range of problems related to the study of church property in Italy during the Ostrogothic domination (493–554). For a long time, these problems were on the periphery of scientific relevance and found their researchers only in the 20th century. This is largely due to the yet unresolved issues of our main source on the history of Ostrogothic Italy — Cassiodorus' «Variae». The lack of unanimity as to the time and place of its creation, intended audience, genre and overall representativeness of the material compels the researcher to resort to other sources, in particular to the Ravenna papyri, which largely supplement the data of the «Variae». The author focuses on three main aspects that define the structure of the article. The first part is devoted to the problem of the geographical distribution of ecclesiastical lands, as well as to the possibilities of estimating the size of the land plots belonging to the Church. The second section deals with the system of church property management. It demonstrates the general continuity in its structure from the beginning of the 5th century, and also reveals some peculiarities of this system, connected with the increased role of bishops and the functioning of the institution of defensores ecclesiae. The third part is dedicated to the legal status of ecclesiastical land. It is based on the critique of J. Durliat’s theory of subordination of the Church to the state in the matter of handling its land property and finance. The analysis of the vocabulary of ownership rights characteristic of the Roman law and reflected in the sources under study leads to the assertion that the Church had full ownership over its estates, and that ecclesiastical land plots were not part of the public land.

Growth and Yield Response of Detam 4 Soybean Variety on Single P Fertilizer and Vermicompost Application in Coastal Land

This research was conducted from July to November 2020 in the coastal lands of Ratu Agung District, Lempuing Village, Kuala Alam, Bengkulu City, at an elevation of 5 meters above sea level. The study aimed to investigate the interaction between vermicompost and single phosphorus (P) fertilizer on the growth and yield of Detam 4 soybean plants in coastal lands, focusing on determining the optimal doses for both inputs. The experiment was designed as a two-factor study using a factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The first factor was vermicompost application at four levels: 0 tons ha-1, 5 tons ha-1, 10 tons ha-1, and 15 tons ha-1. The second factor was phosphorus application at three levels: 0 kg ha-1, 50 kg ha-1, and 100 kg ha-1. Observed variables included plant height, number of leaves, flowering age, number of productive branches, number of pods per plant, pod weight per plant, pod weight per plot, seed weight, and root weight. Data were analyzed using ANOVA at the 5% significance level, with a subsequent 5% LSD test if significant effects were found. The application of vermicompost at a dose of 10 tons ha-1 without the addition of single P fertilizer results in the best growth of the soybean variety Detam 4, characterized by the highest average shoot dry weight of 41.133 g, the fastest flowering age, and the greatest number of productive branches. The best yield of the Detam 4 soybean variety is achieved with the application of vermicompost at a dose of 15 tons ha-1, indicated by the highest number of productive branches and seed weight per plant. The independent application of single P fertilizer does not significantly enhance the growth and yield of the Detam 4 soybean variety in coastal land conditions.

ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ОСНОВИ УПРАВЛІННЯ ЗЕМЕЛЬНИМ КАПІТАЛОМ ФЕРМЕРСЬКИХ ГОСПОДАРСТВ

The efficiency of farmers' management significantly depends on the effective management of land capital. It has been established that the management of land capital of farms is a system that covers all social relations and generally determines the set of relationships between the elements of the management system aimed at the rational and environmentally responsible land use. The subsystems of land capital management of farms are economic, environmental, regulatory, administrative, innovation and management, and land management and technological. The structural model of the system of land capital management of farms includes the subject, object, subject matter, purpose, goals, principles, functions, methods and mechanisms of management. The subject of this system, i.e., the management subsystem, are farms and government authorities of all levels that implement the state land, agrarian and tax policies and supervise compliance with the norms of rational land use. The object of management is differentiated by the depth of the essential content of the definition of “land”, covering land and its fertility, land resources and their capitalization, land and its investment attractiveness, agricultural land (by type) and the efficiency of its usage. The economic interests of landowners, land users, the state, and society are the basis for making managerial decisions by a farmer. It has been shown that the system of land capital management of farms should be based on the following basic principles: systematicity; purposefulness; balance of interests of a farmer, landowners, the state and society in the use of land resources; payment for land use; sustainable development of agricultural land use; rationality and economic feasibility of land use; priority of land protection as the main means of production; responsibility and information. The functions of land capital management of farms include planning of land capital use; forecasting of land capital use in the short, medium and long term; organization of land capital use; motivation and control of rational use of land capital.

Conservation Imperatives: securing the last unprotected terrestrial sites harboring irreplaceable biodiversity

Ambitious biodiversity goals to protect 30% or more of the Earth’s surface by 2030 (30x30) require strategic near-term targets. To define areas that must be protected to prevent the most likely and imminent extinctions, we propose Conservation Imperatives—16,825 unprotected sites spanning ~164 Mha of the terrestrial realm that harbor rare and threatened species. We estimate that protecting the Conservation Imperatives would cost approximately US$169 billion (90% probability: US$146—US$228 billion). Globally, 38% of the 16,825 sites are either adjacent to or within 2.5 km of an existing protected area, potentially reducing land acquisition and management costs. These sites should be prioritized for conservation action over the next 5 years as part of a broader strategy to expand the global protected area network. The expansion of global protected areas between 2018 and 2023 incorporated only 7% of sites harboring range-limited and threatened species, highlighting a renewed urgency to conserve these habitats. Permanently protecting only 0.74% of land found in the tropics, where Conservation Imperatives are concentrated, could prevent the majority of predicted near-term extinctions once adequately resourced. We estimate this cost to be from US$29 billion to US$46 billion per year over the next 5 years. Multiple approaches will be required to meet long-term protection goals: providing rights and titles to Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities (IPLCs) conserving traditional lands, government designation of new protected areas on federal and state lands, and land purchase or long-term leasing of privately held lands.

Биологическое загрязнение почв побочными продуктами животноводства

By-products of animal husbandry (BPAH) such as manure, manure effluents (ME) are widely used as organic fertilizers. The main disadvantage of the appropriate fertilizers is the high content of microorganisms (MO) untypical to uncontaminated natural environments, including pathogenic ones. Currently used natural methods of BPAH neutralization can significantly reduce the risks of transferring pathogenic and opportunistic MO into fertilized soil, but do not completely exclude them. The study examined the effects of long-term (more than 7 years) introduction of a neutralized liquid fraction (LF) of pork ME and cattle ME on the chemical composition and sanitary and hygienic condition of the soil of arable fields and wooded areas located at 500 m from the boundaries of the fields. Prolonged application of LF led to an increase in the content of organic matter, mobile phosphorus, potassium and sulfur, an increase in the amount of absorbed bases, a decrease in metabolic acidity in arable land compared with adjacent forest areas. However the sanitary condition of both arable land and adjacent territories deteriorated significantly. A significant increase in the total microbial number (TMN) was revealed in all soil samples in comparison to the normative indicators. Particularly high values of TMN were found in soil fertilized with cattle manure. The corresponding soil was characterized by the highest content of organic matter and neutral reactions of the environment, which provided favorable conditions for the active development of saprophytic microbiota. Fresh faecal contamination was detected in all selected soil samples. Soils are characterized as highly polluted. According to the indicators of the index Escherichia coli, Enterococcus and Clostridium perfringens, the soils of all studied sites are moderately dangerous. Higher values of the corresponding indices were found in arable land fertilized by the LF of pork farms and in the territories adjacent to arable land. In the course of sanitary and bacteriological studies, eggs of helminthes were not found in the soil.

Cover collapse sinkhole formation is delayed in time and uncorrelated to distance from quarry in a long-term study of a karst basin

Collapse sinkholes are problematic for the hazards they bring to property, infrastructure, and human life but the prediction of their formation in time and space remains elusive. We make use of long-term data gathered in a small, highly monitored, hydrologically constrained basin; Primrose Creek, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, USA, to examine the relation between groundwater extraction, precipitation, terrain position, and cover collapse sinkhole development. The selected site is unique as a natural laboratory to explore induced sinkhole processes in that it is a clearly demarcated topographic basin with geological structural and lithologic boundaries; the stressor is extreme, has been plainly identified, and effectively captures all upstream runoff and groundwater; the groundwater withdrawals and water-level elevations have been closely monitored over a period of 20 years; and the general record of land conditions goes back more than a century. We evaluated the history of a carbonate-rock quarry, its development and expansion over many decades, as well as associated precipitation and ground-water level data, and cover collapse sinkhole occurrence within the basin. Interception of discrete high conductivity zones in the Paleozoic carbonate rocks by quarry expansion was an important factor in propagating collapse occurrence. Collapses occurred mainly, though not exclusively, along drainageways and at lithologic boundaries. They formed in time-based clusters with delay of up to several years. Surprisingly, distance of collapse formation from the pumping area was not directly correlated with time elapsed; i.e., collapses did not begin to form close to the quarry, and then later form farther away. Monitoring wells were unsuccessful in delineating the pumping zone of influence although some documented water table decline and response to weather and anthropogenic events. This comprehensive study shows that in order to successfully monitor and control impacts from quarry dewatering in Paleozoic carbonate rocks it is critical to 1) develop a detailed conceptual model of groundwater pathways, 2) try to avoid excavating into high permeability zones, 3) clearly document karst features when exposed, and 4) carefully site a suitable number of monitoring wells and collect data at short intervals.

Design and Simulation of Seats for Emergency Landing Conditions in Electrical VTOLs

Emerging electrification technologies in aviation and recent advances drive the increased usage of electrical vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) air vehicles. Weight considerations are predominant due to the weaker powertrain and lower payload capacity. Moreover, most systems are automated, and there is no distinction between pilot and passenger seats anymore. Conventional aircraft seating typically exhibits excessive weight, necessitating the development of lightweight troop seats with simple designs and textile seat pans and backrests. This research focuses primarily on the design aspects of these lightweight troop seats. There are already guiding military standards and civilian codes for physical tests for passenger or pilot seats. Nevertheless, there needs to be a comprehensive document combining all of these and explaining how simulation tools can be practically used for the same purpose. Consequently, a generic design was generated based on the troop seat of military helicopters, which was then tested and simulated virtually by finite element analysis according to MIL-S-85510, CS27, and CS29 standards. After finalizing the static tests for forward, rearward, lateral, downward, and upward g forces on a 10-degree floor deformation in the longitudinal axis, implicit dynamic tests were conducted with loading in longitudinal and vertical directions as specified by the MIL-S-85510 standards. Then, hotspot analysis is made for stress interpretation. As a result, a near-optimum design was achieved with stresses 10% lower than the yield stress of the materials, which can be used on board an electrical VTOL.

DAMPAK KAWASAN INDUSTRI BATA MERAH TERHADAP KONDISI LAHAN DI DESA LEGU KECAMATAN SATAR MESE KABUPATEN MANGGARAI

This research aims: 1) to determine the impact of the red brick industry on land conditions, 2) the population used in this reseerch was 30 people and the samples tsken were 15 people, consisting of 5 red brick industry owners, 6 workers, 3 people from the community near the red brick industrial area, and 1 village official, namely the head of Legu Village. This research is qualitative research and the method used in this research is descritive method. Data collection methods use interviews, observation and documentation methods. The development of the red brick industry in Legu Village has had an impact, both positive and negative, and for the positive in has increased income for the people who work and opened up employment opportunities for the community and the negative impact has been that the large amount of land used to meet the needs oh the red brick industry has caused damage, on lands, such as erosion of the surface of the land which results in reduced soil fertility, as well as the large amount of land being converted for the red brick industry which will result in a lot of damage to the land. The existence of the red brick industry in Legu Village provides income for workes and owners of the red brick industry which provides opportunities for those who need work to meet their daily living needs. The development of the red brick industry in Legu Village, which in this case can damage the land used, but can increase income for workes to meet their daily needs.

Physical and vegetation characteristics of soil cover on a liquefied land

Liquefaction is a phenomenon where a solid soil becomes liquid due to an earthquake or other vibrations and other sources of intense shaking, leading to a loss of soil strength and stiffness. Liquefaction can damage structures and condition of the land surface and may affect the state of the vegetation that grows on the land. Therefore, it is necessary to study the physical properties of the soil and the condition of vegetation after the liquefaction event. This study examines changes in the physical conditions of alluvial soil and vegetation cover on the land surface after the liquefaction disaster and future management strategies. This research was carried out from August to December 2022 by taking composite and representative soil samples from three land conditions, namely liquefied land consisting of eroded and piled up soil, as well as a control sample from ground that was not liquefied. Soil sample analysis was conducted at the Laboratory of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tadulako University. The research used several observational variables: soil texture, permeability, bulk density, porosity, and organic matter. Observation of land surface cover and vegetation types was done using the quadrant method. The results indicated that, overall, areas affected by liquefaction experienced a substantial loss of soil mass, leading to a lower land surface, particularly in regions prone to erosion. Due to the erosion of surface soil, the remaining subsoil had a sandy loam texture, higher bulk density, increased permeability, and reduced organic matter content. As a result, the ground surface became undulating, with mounds of soil and irregular surface drainage in certain areas. For areas that experienced liquefaction up to four years after the disaster, the level of land cover only reached 60-61%. In contrast, the level of land cover by surface vegetation reached 93.7%.

Biomechanics of step-off drop landings are affected by limb dominance and lead limb in task initiation

ABSTRACT This study examines the effects of limb dominance and lead limb in task initiation on the kinetics and kinematics of step-off drop landings. Nineteen male participants performed drop landings led by the dominant and non-dominant limbs at 45-cm and 60-cm drop heights. Ground reaction force (GRF) and lower body kinematic data were collected. Between-limb time differences at the initial ground contact were calculated to indicate temporal asymmetry. Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) was applied for waveform analysis while two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used for discrete parameters. SPM results revealed greater GRF and lesser ankle dorsiflexion in the lead limb compared to the trail limb in 3 out of 4 landing conditions. The dominant limb displayed a greater forefoot loading rate (45 cm: p=.009, η p 2 = 0.438; 60 cm: p=.035, η p 2 = 0.225) and greater ankle joint quasi-stiffness (45 cm: p < .001, η p 2 = 0.360; 60 cm: p < .001, η p 2 = 0.597) than the non-dominant limb. Not all 380 trials were lead-limb first landings, with a smaller between-limb time difference (p=.009, d = 0.60) at 60 cm (4.1 ± 2.3 ms) than 45 cm (5.6 ± 2.7 ms). In conclusion, the step-off drop landing is not an ideal protocol for examining bilateral asymmetry in lower limb biomechanics due to potential biases introduced by limb dominance and the step-off limb.

Factors Hindering Youth Participation in Agribusiness at Mbarali District in Mbeya Region

Aims: This study was set to examine factors hindering youth participation in agribusiness in Mbarali district in Mbeya region. Specifically, the study intended to determine the influence of youth perspectives towards participation in agri-business, identify socio-economic factors hindering youth participation in agri-business, and analyse the measures established to support youth participation in agri-business Methodology: The study adopted a mixed method approach involving both primary and secondary sources of data. The information was obtained through interviews, questionnaires, and documentary reviews. A sample of 384 youths aged 15-35 was adopted drawn from the total population using Krejci and Morgan table for a Finite Population. Results: Results in this study show that age, marital status, and training and development have a favourable and significant effect on youth engagement in agriculture and most of the youths perceive agriculture to be less profitable revealing that the perceptions of both male and female youths towards agricultural activity and agribusiness as a branch are still a hindrance towards youth engagement in agribusiness activities. Moreover, the youths in Mbarali district face several socio-economic hindrances in getting involved in agri-preneurship and business such as lack of adequate working capital, low knowledge in agribusiness, land access problems, restrictive bank landing conditions, subsidized Govt inputs not reaching the youth, unfavourable commodity markets and lack of youths’ platforms to channel their views. These factors have been echoed by most of the participants in this study along with some key informants who were visited to offer their insights on the subject under study. Conclusion: The youth in Africa mostly have a negative perception concerning agriculture. This influences their intention and participation in Agriculture. There is a lack of access to land; finance; technology; education and skills in agribusiness. However mixed findings on access to finance and its influence on the engagement of the youth in agriculture. More studies should look at the influence of access to finance and other resources on youth engagement in agriculture. Youth involvement in agriculture is crucial, but experts may not regard it as a serious threat to long-term agricultural practices.

A Study on the Possible Brown Ocean Effect: Impacts of an Antecedent Tropical Cyclone on the Rapid Intensification of the 1999 Odisha Supercyclone

AbstractOdhisa, a state of India, bore the disastrous consequences of two consequent Tropical Cyclones (TCs), TC 04B and TC 05B (Odisha 1999 supercyclone), which formed over the Bay of Bengal and experienced landfall in October 1999, with a time gap of fewer than two weeks, over the same region. It is suggested that the first TC, TC 04B, provided an “ocean‐like situation” over the coastal land region, thus delivering the appropriate land conditions that would facilitate the intensification of the following second tropical cyclone, TC 05B; a clear illustration of the “Brown Ocean effect.” Two Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) simulations were conducted, with the control and experimental runs differing solely in the following aspect: the initial cyclonic vortex corresponding to the first TC at the initial time was removed in the experimental run, whereas it was retained in the control run. Both simulations were analyzed to reveal the “Brown Ocean Effect” role. The experimental run result indicates that the minimum central sea level pressure of the second TC was 35 hPa higher than the second TC simulation in the control run. The heavy rainfall associated with TC 04B led to increased soil moisture conditions, providing the second TC (TC 05B) with the necessary conditions for its intensification by the “Brown Ocean Effect.” The results of this study appear to strongly suggest that the “Brown Ocean Effect” could provide one of the main reasons for the extraordinary intensities associated with the 1999 Odisha supercyclone.