Labour Organization Research Articles

Work Related Rest-An Employer’s Favour or Employee’s Right? A Perspective of Ghana’s Legal Regime

Work related rest is highly ignored by employers especially in Ghana’s private corporate sector. In a highly competitive job market and scarce job opportunities, employers tend to perceive jobs as favour being made to employees. This perception tends to influence employers to deprive employees of their necessary work-related rest breaks rightfully due them. Such actions by these employers in most cases seem uncontested by employees since they are not privy to their rights to work related rest or tend to apprehend fear that they might lose their jobs in a bid to agitate for their legal rights to rest breaks. Alternatively, an employer may not restrict an employee’s right to rest breaks but rather, employees may tend to ignore their rights to rest especially in the form of annual leave for want of excessive financial gain. This paper highlights provisions on work related rest from Ghana’s Labour Act,2003 (ACT 651) which is a domestic law drawn from the International Labour Organization. The manuscript advances practicality of the sections on rest breaks highlighted by the Labour Act of Ghana by introducing both Ghanaian and Common law cases on rights and obligations of employers and employees in relation to rest breaks in Ghana.

PERAN PUBLIK RELATIONS DALAM ISU DAN KRISIS PT. PERTAMINA (PERSERO)

Crises that hit a company always come unplanned. Therefore a company must have competent public relations practitioners. Which if there is a crisis the company will be ready to handle and resolve it as well as crisis prevention measures for the company. In this study, the authors used qualitative research methods with descriptive research types. This type of descriptive research is research that uses methods by describing a result of the research. The aim is to provide an explanation, and validation of the phenomena that occur in the field. To overcome a crisis and issue that must be done by a PR in a company is to introduce and validate a penetration in the design and practice of corporate management with the aim to at least manage corporate public issues as well or even better than the traditional management of operations that only think about profit. just. Issues management is applied both opportunistically and offensively, evolving from being a reactive crisis prevention tool to maintaining a strategic management discipline. Attention from stakeholders and other interested public- advocacy organizations, non-governmental organizations, government departments and agencies, news media and opinion leaders is bringing these issues onto the public agenda. Issues management strategies and tactics have long been tools of organized labour, governments and even activists, not just corporations.

Inclusive Labor Market and Participation of Person with Disabilities: Case Study in Indonesia, Denmark, France, and Ireland

An inclusive labor market for persons with disabilities is one of the priority issues discussed in the G20, especially in the Employment Working Group (EWG) field. Typically, the number of individuals with disabilities participating in the labor market is lower than that of their non-disabled counterparts, mainly due to the company’s reluctance to hire disabled workers. This study aims to investigate the impact of disability on participation in the inclusive labor market. This research uses panel data from four countries - Indonesia, Denmark, France, and Ireland - spanning the years 2016 to 2021, sourced from the International Labor Organization (ILO). The variables used to determine the factors that influence the participation of individuals with disabilities in the labor market are their educational level, the number of disabled individuals in rural areas and their average income. By using the Fixed Effect Model, it is known that people with disabilities who have received education and the number of people with disabilities living in urban areas have a positive and significant effect on the participation of people with disabilities in the labor market. Meanwhile, the average income of people with disabilities has a negative and insignificant effect on the participation of people with disabilities in the labor market. Efforts to increase the participation of people with disabilities in the labor market are important as welfare reform, indicators of the success of inclusive development and poverty alleviation among groups of people with disabilities.

Comparative Analysis of the Labour Act Status of Seafarers in the Republic of Croatia and the Surrounding Countries of the Adriatic Sea

The aim of this article is to present and compare the regulations concerning the specific labour act status of Croatian seafarers with those of seafarers in neighbouring countries that have access to the Adriatic Sea. These countries were part of the legal system of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia until the 1990s. The question of the professional and social status of seafarers is a specific and complex issue in Labour Act. Seafarers, as employees, have a distinct labour and social status compared to shore-based workers in many respects. To address this, the International Labour Organization (ILO) has adopted 68 instruments (conventions and recommendations) related to their labour status regulation. Today nearly all these ILO documents are consolidated in the 2006 Maritime Labour Convention, making it the most significant legislation concerning the work, life, and social rights of seafarers in international shipping. In this context, this paper examines and analyses Croatian national regulations governing labour and social status of seafarers. It also compares these regulations with those of the neighboring countries such as Slovenia, Montenegro, and Bosnia and Herzegovina, particularly in terms of the standards prescribed by Maritime Labour Convention.

Labour Armies as a Form of Organized Labour During the Making of the Soviet Political and Economic Systems: From the Theory to Putting the Utopia Into Practice

The paper is concerned with the prerequisites of the creation of the labour armies during the Civil War in Soviet Russia (1917–1921), the main functions and results of these armies’ operations. The conclusion is made that labour armies were an imminent part of military communism, they never happened to be employed as the Red Army’s reserve but as a tool of militarizing the country’s economy and policies. The evolution of the organized labour units took two directions. Firstly, standardized units were being gradually organized instead of numerous and miscellaneous detachments that made the core of the labour armies in 1920. Another tendency consisted in reducing the number of excessive managerial staff that required additional resources. It is noted that the massive use of the armed forces for labour purposes is always a reaction to the critical situation in which a country finds itself, when neither political nor economic challenges can be responded to by standard means. Thus, the employment of militarized labour units at peacetime can never be justified. On the whole, labour armies proved effective as an emergency means of tackling economic problems and ensuring immediate economic operations. Despite the limited time span in which the labour armies had operated, they left a clear impact on the further course of events in Soviet Russia.

Migrating Concepts

Abstract The Bracero Program (1942–64), a bilateral agreement to regulate labor migration between the United States and Mexico, oversaw more than four million contracts enabling Mexican men to work “temporarily” in the United States. Historians of the Mexico-US borderlands and of global migration have interpreted the program through hemispheric as well as broader imperial lenses. Yet this article shows that the program’s foundational ideas emerged from two decades of transatlantic exchange and circulation that cannot be contained within a single continent, nor a single framework such as imperialism. During the interwar period, Mexican politicians, intellectuals, and migrant labor activists eagerly participated in transatlantic and inter-American dialogues about migration policy, compared themselves to Italy, and admired the bilateral labor migration agreements that had recently emerged in Europe. Meanwhile, US officials heard but resisted pleas from migration scholars and the International Labor Organization to emulate European receiving countries. The two parties’ differing engagements with European migration policies meant that when World War II pushed US officials to suddenly propose the agreement, Mexican actors’ transatlantic knowledge inspired their participation and crucially shaped the program’s design. This article thus pushes historians of migration policy towards studies of not just comparison but also entanglement.

COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 syndrome as an occupational disease

An occupational disease is one that occurs exclusively or mainly under the influence of the harmful factors of the working environment and is included in the list of occupational diseases. Since the early stages of the pandemic, it has been proposed that COVID-19 be recognized as an occupational disease worldwide, but to date the situation varies from country to country. Even more serious turn out to be the complications of the disease (the so-called long COVID or post- COVID-19 syndrome (PCS). Patients may experience symptoms for up to 3 months or more after the onset of infection, which significantly reduces their ability to work and impairs their quality of life. To date, COVID-19 and long-term COVID-19 are not included in the lists of occupational diseases provided by international organizations (International Labor Organization, World Health Organization (WHO), European Union (EU)) and are not recognized as an occupational disease in Bulgaria and in most countries. This leads to a number of economic complications both for the patients (and their families), as well as for the employer and the state.

Translators in the platform economy: a decent work perspective

ABSTRACT In the wake of the platform economy’s transformative influence on translation work, this study aims to address a critical concern: the alignment of translation workers’ labour conditions with the principles of decent work. Through a quantitative analysis of a subset of questionnaire data collected from translators in Turkey engaging with various digital labour platforms, the findings suggest substantial disparities in meeting the six fundamental conditions of decent work, as defined by the International Labour Organization (ILO). These include insufficient earnings, excessive and asocial working hours, difficulties in achieving work-life balance, absence of a safe and healthy work environment, limited social security access, and a deficiency in social dialogue, representation, and workplace democracy. The identified issues align with the findings of prior studies, which warn that the techno-political developments in the translation industry, coupled with the dominance of capitalist business structures, may introduce new challenges and constraints to translation work and its workers, ultimately leading to exploitative and unsustainable working conditions.

Право на забастовку в современной России

The article presents different approaches to the right to strike as part of another right (the right to association, the right to labor disputes, the right to collective action). The objectives of the strike, stipulated by the legislation of the Russian Federation and proposed by the Committee on Freedom of Association of the International Labor Organization are compared. The cases in which it is expedient to simplify the procedure for conducting a strike are highlighted and justified: 1) non-fulfillment by the employer of a collective agreement; 2) non-fulfillment by the employer of agreements reached by the parties to a collective labor dispute; 3) non-fulfillment by the employer of a labor arbitration decision.

Determinant Analysis of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Phalen’s Test Examination of Tobacco Sorting Workers at Jember District

Tobacco sorting officers in Jember Regency are still sorting tobacco leaves manually using hand muscles which can cause Musculo Skeletal Disorders (MSDs) complaints.One of the MSDs registered at the International Labor Organization (ILO) is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) which is a disorder resulting from compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel at the wrist with the main symptom being tingling, pain radiating to the fingers which can be accompanied by numbness, weakness. muscles, stiffness, and possible muscle atrophy. This study aims to determine the factors associated with CTS supported by Phalen's test. This research is expected to provide information to workers and the public regarding health problems that can be experienced by tobacco sorting workers as well as being a consideration for increasing health insurance for these workers. This research was conducted using a cross-sectional survey design at PTPN A and PT B, Jember Regency with a sample calculation using the Slovin formula and obtained 246 respondents.The data analysis technique used was univariate SPSS analysis of frequency distribution, bivariate Chi Square analysis and SEM PLS multivariate analysis. research results show that education had an effect on the symptom severity scale, age had an influence on the symptom severity scale, age had an effect on the functional status scale and age had an influence on the Phalen's test. Conclusion:Age is the dominant factor affecting the symptom severity scale, functional status scale and Phalen's test. Keywords: CTS (Carpal Tunnel Syndrome), BCTQ (Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire), SSS (Symptom Severity Scale), FSS (Functional Status Scale), Phalen's Test

IMPORTANT ISSUES OF PROTECTING WOMEN FROM HARASSMENT AND VIOLENCE IN THE WORKPLACE

This article addresses current challenges related to protecting women from workplace abuse and harassment. The article also includes recommendations and comments on the ratification of the International Labour Organization Convention No. 190 "On the Elimination of Violence and Harassment in the World of Work" (ILO Convention No.190), as well as the legal status of gender equality and legal issues associated with ensuring gender equality.

The medical care of seamen of civil shipping: the role of non-commercial organizations

According to the International Labor Organization, health protection and access to medical treatment are to be guaranteed to seamen in the same way as to people working ashore. However, in practice, formal measures and mechanisms do not always make it possible to provide medical care to crew members of civil vessels due to peculiarities of legal systems of the States in whose territorial waters the vessel is located, remoteness of the vessel from coastline and objective situation that permits to receiving medical care from the shore. As far as possible these problems are resolved by non-profit organizations of seamen. The overview of their activities is presented in this article.

Formation of strategic partnership between the state, employers and trade unions to ensure the workforce capacity of the post-war industrial recovery: condition and prospects

Abstract The authors of the article justified the need for the formation and implementation of a strategic partnership between the state, employers and trade unions in order to create favorable conditions for ensuring workforce capacity for the post-war recovery of Ukraine's industry. The author's research is based on the structural-functional approach. Its purpose is to identify and justify the possibilities of forming a strategic partnership between the state, employers and trade unions to ensure the workforce capacity of the post-war industrial recovery based on the analysis of the condition and specifics of their activities and interaction under conditions of full-scale armed aggression. The content and logic of the author's research included the following: 1) assessment of the general state of the domestic industry, key challenges and threats affecting it under conditions of martial law; 2) identifying the dynamics of changes in the supply of labor to industry, existing sharp contradictions, as well as positive changes in the recovery of certain branches of industry; 3) determination of key guidelines for the renewal of the system of institutions and mechanisms that regulate employment in industry and affect the justification of priorities regarding the processes of formation of workforce capacity for the recovery of Ukrainian industry; 4) analysis of the current state of the system of collective agreement regulation, the activities of key partners of the partnership, the functions of the National Tripartite Socio-Economic Council and the activities of specialized state structures regarding the prospects of personnel support for the recovery of Ukrainian industry; 5) conceptualization of the vision of the formation of a strategic partnership between the state, employers and trade unions to ensure the workforce capacity for the post-war recovery of industry, with the definition of priority tasks. It is substantiated that the modernized system of social dialogue is the basic tool for achieving mutual agreement and synergy in the implementation of strategic partnership in Ukraine. This system should be aimed at solving strategically important issues regarding the stability of the national economy, ensuring the workforce capacity for the post-war development of the industrial sector. Key guidelines for updating the system of relevant institutes and mechanisms are: 1) focusing on the concept of decent work, following the principle of the International Labor Organization (ILO) – 'build back better', as well as not focusing on the indicators of the pre-war level, but rather on achieving a qualitatively new level of functioning of the economy, social labor sphere, Ukrainian industry; 2) implementation of the European integration course and ensuring compliance of the system of relevant institutes in the industry with EU requirements and standards. Keywords strategic partnership, post-war recovery, workforce capacity of Ukrainian industry, trade unions, employers, state, social dialogue

Current State and Prospects of Development of the Self-Employed Market

Relevance. The ongoing transformational processes of economic systems, the development of IT technologies, communications, and cryptogenologies contribute to the development of innovative forms of labor organization and their types. There is a revaluation of the cost of labor, a change in the conditions of its employment, the structure of the labor market is changing due to non-standard forms of employment and employment, respectively, all this has a significant impact not only on the economic, but also on the social component of society. It should be noted that one of the most widespread and dynamically developing forms of employment in the labor market today is "self-employment", which requires in-depth study in the context of global changes. The purpose is the study involves an analysis of the current situation of non-standard forms of employment, in particular the category of "self-employment". Objectives: to consider the main trends in the self-employed labor market; to identify factors contributing to the rapid growth of the number of self-employed. Methodology: logical and systematic analysis of information sources in the field of self-employment development; expert opinion and personal observations; content analysis of Russian social networks. Results: an assessment of the impact of the digital economy on the development of the labor market, changes in its structure, forms of employment is given, a range of problems and opportunities related to state employment assistance is outlined. Conclusions. Current trends and future prospects for employment development in the context of labor market transformation are associated with an increase in the number of self-employed both abroad and in the Russian Federation. And the ongoing transformations significantly affect the change in the structure of labor relations and their digitalization. Therefore, in order to ensure positive dynamics in the labor market, it is necessary to integrate research on self-employment in economics, labor law, sociology and psychology.

IMAGE ASPECTS OF THE FORMATION OF HUMAN RESOURCES OF ENTERPRISES IN THE HOTEL AND RESTAURANT SECTOR

The image of hotel and restaurant enterprises is, first of all, the image of this organization and the attitude of society to its activities and products based on the established values. The image of enterprises in this area is influenced by many factors. It is necessary to take into account the philosophy of the image, the sociology of the image, the economics of the image, the philological problems of the image, the design of the image, the psychology of the image, the image image, the image image, etc. Human resources occupy an important place in the activities of hotel and recreation enterprises. In today's conditions, such activity requires from the enterprises of the restaurant and recreation industry to intensify entrepreneurship, increase the efficiency of production, the competitiveness of its products and services on the basis of effective forms of management and production management, as well as the introduction of achievements of scientific and technological progress. Accordingly, in order to form a proper attitude to work, it is necessary to create such conditions that the staff perceives their work as a conscious activity, which is a source of self-improvement, the basis for professional and professional growth. The effectiveness of the hotel and recreation enterprise is significantly influenced by the economic aspect in personnel management. It is related to the organization of remuneration, the formation of the number of personnel, their professional and qualification composition (related to the use of equipment, technology, organization of production and labor), the effective use of personnel by qualification, level of education, etc. To study and consider the problems of managing the human resources of hotel and restaurant business enterprises, the following tasks were set: the characteristics of the personnel potential of hotel and restaurant enterprises are considered; The methods of planning human resources at the enterprises of the hotel and restaurant industry are considered; the number and composition of personnel at enterprises of this type are analyzed; an analysis of the effectiveness of the use of human resources was carried out and the process of managing the human resources of Zlata LLC was evaluated; The problems of human resources management have been identified, as well as recommendations for its management have been provided.

The War on the North American Left-Wing Labor Movement From World War I Through the Post-World War II Period

Repression of the North American trade union movement dates to the late nineteenth century. Much of this repression has occurred in response to union militancy during strikes, some of which were directed against political radicals of various orientations. Peaks of repression against radical trade unionism occurred during World War I and in the immediate postwar years as well as in the early Cold War period, after World War II’s conclusion into the early 1950s. Through the analysis of three recently published volumes, I argue that the repression of North American left-wing unions was intentionally severe because of the strength of these labor organizations and the threat they were perceived to pose to employers and the government. Given that these left-wing unions were much more militant than the American Federation of Labor unions, this governmental repression (as well as that of other forces) can be viewed as a conscious set of tactics invoked that were meant to break, or at a minimum tame, these radical unions in the service of capital. Such behavior also acted as a warning to nonradical unions that repression could be directed against them as well.

KONSEP SEGITIGA EPIDEMIOLOGIDI TEMPAT KERJA

The workplace is a potential source of hazards and risks for workers. Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) is a priority in efforts to reduce these risks through cooperation between employers and employees. Data from the International Labor Organization (ILO) shows a high number of deaths and injuries due to work accidents and work-related diseases. In Indonesia, reports from the Social Security Implementation Agency (BPJS) for employment reveal an increase in cases of work accidents from year to year. Occupational safety and health is an important factor in creating a proper working environment, with the concept of epidemiology helping to understand the host-agent-environment contribution. OHS protection efforts are crucial to reduce risks and improve well-being in the workplace.

Labor organizing at chokepoints along Amazon’s supply chain: Locating geo-strategic nodes

Amazon seems to be creating a new hybrid model of capitalism combining some elements of classical Fordist vertical integration, or even the over hundred-year-old “Taylorism” of scientific management, with 21st century elements of labor “flexibility” and reliance on gig labor and subcontracting. This hybrid model offers opportunities for organized labor to gain a foothold within some of Amazon’s vertically integrated nodes as the firm lengthens its corporate commodity chain to grow increasingly close to consumers. Building on earlier work on opportunities for, and constraints on, labor in a variety of global commodity chains, our empirical cases examine how Amazon’s corporate strategies may open opportunities for labor in three illustrative cases ensconced in fulfillment centers—the Fordist vertical integration side of the model—in the Inland Empire and Otay Mesa (both in southern California) and Northern Kentucky.

Socio-Economic Order and the Legacies of Armed Governance: The Aftermath of Paramilitary Rule in Colombia

ABSTRACT This paper focuses on the legacies of paramilitary governance in the Colombian civil war. Using a local case study, we show that former militia strongholds have been shaped by the lasting effects of armed rule on the ability of impoverished peasants and rural workers to challenge existing forms of land tenure and labour organisation. Our case highlights the need to adopt a local view to understand the embeddedness of armed governance in existing socio-economic orders. Our conclusion emphasises the importance of integrating a political economy perspective when studying the legacies of armed governance.

К вопросу становления и организации социалистических соревнований и ударничества в колхозах Юга России в 1930-х гг. (часть 2)

The article delves into some practices of formation and implementation of socialist competitions and shock work movement in the labor sphere of rural workers of Don and Kuban. The objective of the study is to analyze the documentary evidence of socialist competitions and shock work activities conducted in the collective farms of the territories under consideration. The aim is to analyze the documentary evidence characterizing the policy of the state and local authorities in the period of 1930–1940s of the XX century, aimed at the education and formation of a “new” socialist shock worker, as well as to focus on the existence of a number of negative factors that accompanied the labor movement in the time period under consideration. The work uses a number of ar-chival documents, periodicals of newspapers, monographs, which allows to analyze the historical contribution of the ongoing processes. The relevance of the study of labor organization in the period under study today re-quires careful and detailed consideration, due to the fact that it has been revealed for a long time in a political and ideological context.