Kosofe Local Government Research Articles

Breaking Barriers: Enhancing Support for Autistic Students Through Individual Education Programs

The prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) underscored the importance of tailoring educational interventions to accommodate the diverse needs of autistic students in Nigeria. This study investigated the effectiveness of individual educational programs in meeting the needs of autistic students in Nigeria. The study surveyed autistic children, teachers, and parents in special schools in Ikeja, Apapa, and Kosofe Local Government Areas of Lagos State. It used a mixed-methods approach to evaluate the effectiveness of Individual Education Programs (IEPs) in addressing the unique needs of autistic students in mainstream educational settings. The study analyzed academic performance metrics and social skills proficiency in autistic students. It also explored the experiences of teachers, parents, and autistic students through interviews and focus groups. Despite challenges like lack of resources and collaboration issues, teachers shared success stories and strategies. Parents praised positive efforts between home and school, while autistic students expressed improved learning experiences. The synthesis of quantitative and qualitative data provided a holistic evaluation of IEPs' effectiveness in promoting positive outcomes for autistic students. The findings contribute to the discourse on inclusive education, informing practices to refine IEP design and implementation. The study emphasizes providing meaningful educational support tailored to the diverse needs of autistic students in mainstream settings.

Perceptions of death and preparations for afterlife among older adults: The role of social workers in Lagos, Nigeria

This paper explores death and afterlife beliefs on human existence, focusing on the human awareness of mortality and the role of religion in providing explanations for the afterlife. It delves into the perceptions of death and preparations for the afterlife among older adults in the Kosofe local government area of Lagos State, Nigeria. Emphasis on the involvement of social workers in supporting them through this existential process was brought to the fore. The study aims to understand the interplay of cultural, religious, and social factors that shape the perspectives of older adults regarding death and their preparations for the afterlife. It also seeks to identify the challenges encountered by them. This paper is anchored on the strength of Kübler-Ross's stages of grief theory. The qualitative research approach employed in this study provides a nuanced understanding of the participants' experiences. Findings show that adherence to religious doctrines is a key preparatory strategy for the afterlife. The study contributes to a deeper comprehension of how beliefs about death and the afterlife shape the experiences of older adults, offering insights for social work practice in supporting them through this life transition.

Larvicidal potential of silver nanoparticles synthesized from Ocimum gratissimum leaf extracts against anopheles’ mosquito

Despite recent improvements in the methods used to eradicate and minimize mosquito populations, they still pose severe threats to human health. This study aimed to investigate the Larvicidal potentials of silver nanoparticles of Ocimum gratissimum on wild Anopheles larvae from Lagos. The plant used in this study was collected from the southeastern part of Nigeria, Ibite-Olo in Ezeagu Local Government Area of Enugu State. Wild Anopheles mosquito larvae were collected from a field at Kosofe Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria where resistant Anopheline populations have been reported in and around Lagos State were brought to the laboratory and kept under standard insectary conditions (25–29 ℃;78–82% relative humidity). Aqueous extract of Ocimum gratissimum was made and subsequently into the silver nanoparticles. A bioassay test was performed according to WHO guidelines, with six different concentrations to assess the larvicidal activity and values obtained were subjected to log prohibit regression analysis to obtain LC50 and values with 95% confidence limit. The results of the larvicidal activities of the silver nanoparticles of Ocimum gratissimum showed that the mortality rate was dose-dependent with the percentage mortality increasing at a direct proportional rate as with dose and time of exposure. Ocimum gratissimum gave LC50 at 0.5 ppm and LC95 at 2.5 ppm respectively. The biosynthesized silver nanoparticles augmented the larvicidal activity of the silver nanoparticles of Ocimum gratissimum on wild Anopheles larvae from Lagos. Therefore, this study showed that the silver nanoparticles of Ocimum gratissimum have the potency to be used against an insecticide-resistant mosquito vector and are a suitable candidate for the development of novel natural insecticides.

Engaging Private Nursery and Primary Schools to Facilitate Catch - up Vaccination in Kosofe Local Government Area Lagos State Nigeria

Vaccination is very important to improve population health throughout life – but despite strong evidence, it is misunderstood and undervalued. Catch-up vaccination aims to provide optimal protection against disease as quickly as possible by completing a person’s recommended vaccination schedule in the shortest but most effective time frame. This descriptive cross-sectional implementation Research was designed to solve problems for Covid–19 recoveries for routine immunization program in private Nursery and primary school in Kosofe Local Government Area Lagos (School-based intervention). The sample size of 135 was adopted with purposive sampling method from the target population. All data were coded, entered, cleaned, and then analyzed using the IBM PSPP. Children that missed vaccination were tracked out more (90) and vaccinated, demand generation with the help of vaccine demand pooling in school for secondary vaccines, the awareness of vaccine-preventable diseases were created more at different schools Parents Teachers Association's meetings. Implementation Research is one of the measures and a component in the Immunization Agenda 2030 (IA 2030) designed to achieve the Life course immunization. Creating awareness and sensitization is very important in schools, especially using the power of storytelling for positive change in vaccination uptake. There are parents who can afford to pay for secondary vaccines but don't have the information and there are parents who have the information but can't afford to pay for secondary vaccines due to economic hardship in Nigeria. We recommend that vaccine demand pooling in schools is championed to enable parents to afford secondary vaccines for their children. Keywords: Catch-up immunization, demand generation, life course, vaccine-preventable diseases, zerodose children.

Classroom applicability of blooms mastery learning as perceived by teachers

This study investigated the applicability of mastery learning in public senior school as perceived by teachers. The study used descriptive survey research type. Two hundred and thirty teachers were sampled from public senior secondary schools in Kosofe local government area of Lagos. Teachers’ perception on the applicability of Mastery Learning (TPABML) was designed by the researcher to measure teachers perception, the instrument was validated with reliability index of 0.74. Data collected was analysed using mean score, percentages and independent t-test of significance. Findings showed on the whole, teachers’ perception does not favour the use of blooms mastery in public senior secondary. Result also showed significant difference between teachers with post-graduate qualification and teachers with Bachelor degree, but no significant difference was found based on teachers’ experience. The result also finds no significant difference on the basis of gender. The study recommends that Government should re-orientate teachers to change their views and make efforts to apply mastery learning as it has recorded positive results.

Mothers' knowledge, attitude and home management of diarrhoea among children under five years old in Lagos, Nigeria.

BackgroundDiarrhoea is a leading cause of death among children under five years old globally. It remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality among this age group in Nigeria. Using simple home management, mothers play important roles in the prevention and control of diarrhoea among these children.AimThis study aimed to assess mothers’ knowledge, attitude and practice in the prevention and home management of diarrhoeal diseases among children under five years old in Lagos, Nigeria.SettingThis study was conducted within the communities of Kosofe local government area of Lagos State, Nigeria.MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional study design was conducted using a multistage sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and analysed using EPI info version 7.2.1. Chi-square statistic was used to test the association between variable at the level of significance of 5%.ResultsA total of 360 respondents participated in this study. The mean age of the respondents was 32.5 ± 5.5 years. About 59.2% of respondents had good knowledge, 59.2% of them had positive attitude, and 53.1% of them had good practice towards prevention and home management of diarrhoea. Age (p = 0.007), occupation (p = 0.008) and level of education (p = 0.001) were significantly associated with practice of home management of diarrhoea among children under five years old.ConclusionEducated, employed, and married mothers were more likely to have good prevention and home management practices towards diarrhoea in their children under five years old.

Dr. Practicability of Blooms Mastery Learning Approach in Public Secondary Schools in Lagos Metropolis

The applicability of theories at times are occasioned by societal norms as it is a known fact that theorist are influenced by their immediate society. Hence, situation where most classes are overcrowded, one would begin to wonder if theory like Blooms mastery learning could be applicable Hence, this study investigated the applicability of mastery learning in public senior school as perceived by teachers. The study used descriptive survey research type. Two hundred and thirty teachers were sampled from public senior secondary schools in Kosofe local government area of Lagos. Teachers’ perception on the applicability of Mastery Learning (TPABML) was designed by the researcher to measure teachers perception, the instrument was validated with reliability index of 0.84. Data collected was analysed using mean score, percentages and independent t-test of significance. Findings showed that mastery leaning is not practicable in public senior secondary as perceived by teachers. The study also finds significant difference between teachers with post-graduate qualification and teachers with first degree, but no significant difference was found based on teachers experience. The study recommends that teachers should change their orientation and make efforts to apply mastery learning as it has recorded positive results when used. 
 Keywords: Blooms mastery Learning, Perception, Practicability

Morbidity Pattern, Physiologic Parameters and Outcome among Elderly Patients Attending Selected Primary Healthcare Facilities in an Urban Region of Lagos

Background: In Nigeria, the elderly account for 4.97% of the total population and as one ages, the physiological status of the body gradually declines.Hypertension, cataract, osteoarthritis and neurological problems, constitute the commonest cause of morbidity among elderly. This results in inadequate medical attention leading to development of multiple health conditions and the inability to control certain physiological functions. Objective: This study aimed to describe the morbidity pattern, physiologic parameters and outcome among elderly patients attending the primary healthcare centres in Kosofe Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria. Methods: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional consisting of 210 participants selected through systematic sampling. Data on morbidity pattern, physiologic parameters and disposition decisions were collected and analyzed using Epi-info, version 7.2. Proportions, means and frequencies were calculated and presented with Tables while Chi-square was used to test for association between morbidity and gender, age and outcome, vital signs and age, and disposition decision and sex. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Disease such as hypertension (51.4%), malaria (18.5%) and osteoarthritis (6.6%) constituted the major reasons of visit of the elderly to primary healthcare facilities. There were statistically significant associations between cardiovascular condition and gender (p=0.005), and between musculoskeletal condition and age of the respondents (p=0.005). There were statistically significant associations between the urological conditions and outcome of the respondents (p= 0.001), between the pulse and age of the respondents (p=0.001), between respiratory rate and age (p=0.001) and between percentage oxygen saturation of haemoglobin and age (p=0.001). Conclusion: Diseases such as hypertension, osteoarthritis and malaria constitute the major cause of visits to primary healthcare facilities among the elderly. Those with cardiovascular disease were more likely to be females. Those with age range of 75-79 years may likely have a pulse rate less than 60 bpm. Those within the age of 70–74 years are more likely to have a low blood oxygen saturation level. Those with urological condition were more likely to be referred.

THE STAKEHOLDERS’ RESPONSIBILITIES IN MANAGING EXAMINATION MALPRACTICE IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS, IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA

This paper examines the stakeholders’ responsibilities in managing examination malpractice in secondary schools in Kosofe Local Government, Lagos State, Nigeria. It examines the forms, causes, effects, stakeholder’s responsibilities, and efforts made to curb it. As a descriptive research, the study’s population is 20 secondary schools in Kosofe Local Government, Lagos State, Nigeria. The methods of selecting respondents were multi-stage and stratified random sampling techniques. The instrument used to collect data was a questionnaire tagged ‘Responsibilities of Stakeholders in Managing Examination Malpractice Questionnaire’ (RSMEMQ), the data collected were analyzed using frequency count and simple percent. The findings revealed that one major cause of examination malpractices in the schools was indiscipline among the students which led many of them to Examination malpractice. Other important causes include the non-implementation of examination malpractice decree and inadequate supervision of students during the examination. Efforts made by the stakeholders to curb examination malpractices were discussed and conclusions were made. The paper recommends that there should be full implementation of examination malpractices decree which stipulates a jail term of twenty one (21) years for any culprit, adequate facilities should be provided, new measurement and evaluation criteria should be used, the use of mobile phone should be prohibited in examination halls, teacher, and supervisors should be persons of proven integrity and the question of double standard should not arise. It also recommends the termination of appointment of any stakeholders such as examination officials, teachers, staff assistants, and managements, who perpetrate examination malpractice and that serious punishment should be enforced to serve as a deterrent to others who may have such intension in future.

Characterization and Classification of Geotechnical Index Properties of Shallow Soil Deposits at Oworoshoki Area, Kosofe Local Government, Lagos, Nigeria

The study of geotechnical index properties of soils in Oworoshoki, Kosofe, Lagos State was conducted to characterize and classify the index properties of soil samples. Disturbed and undisturbed soils were collected at different shallow depths (1m, 2m and 3m) from the study area and laboratory test was conducted. The laboratory test conducted includes natural moisture content, atterberg limits (liquid limit and plastic limit), particle size distribution, specific gravity, unit weight and hydrometer. The results of the test were gotten: natural moisture content as 23.5%, 24.5% and 25.3% , liquid limits (LL) 28.68%, 26.64% and 29.10%, Oworoshoki is non-plastic for the three depths i.e. plastic limit (PL) is 0, particle size distribution percentage passing through BS #200 (0.075mm) are 95.97 %, 97.97%, 98.10% and this shows that the soil sample contain much silt, the samples are non-plastic for all depths (1m, 2m and 3m), specific gravity as 2.61, 2.55 and 2.60, unit weight as 17.5 KN/m3, 18.1kn/m3 and 18.9KN/m3 and hydrometer percentage passing through BS #200 (0.075mm) as 95.97% at 1.0m depth, 97.97% at 2.0m depth and 98.10% at 3.0m depth. Hydrometer test was conducted because 95.97% passes sieve 0.075mm.This shows that the soil contain high amount of silt. Soils from depth 1.0m, 2.0m and 3.0m are non-plastic (NP) because the Plastic Index (PI=0) and the soil samples are classified as A – 3 according to American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) System.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of E-Waste Workers in Owode-Onirin Scrap Market, Kosofe Local Government Area, Lagos State, Nigeria

Electronic devices have become essential to our existence leading to an increase in the rate of electronic waste (E-waste) generation and environmental degradation. This study evaluates the knowledge, attitude and prevailing practices of e-waste workers at the Owode-Orinin scrap market in Kosofe Local Government Area of Lagos Nigeria using 241 Questionnaires to obtain data which were analysed by Pearson correlation coefficient. The knowledge of the respondents was limited to the financial and economic value attached to E-waste meanwhile the environmental and health impact of their occupation were not known, neglected or considered unimportant. A positive relationship was established between education, knowledge and attitude of the respondents. This indicates that increase in education brings about increase in the knowledge and results in positive attitude of the E-waste workers. The strong social tie found to exist among the E-waste workers can be leveraged upon for the transmission of the knowledge about the environmental health impact of their occupation so as to conduct their activities in the safest manner possible.
 Keywords: E-waste, occupational health, environment, knowledge, attitudes, practices

Equifinality of Flood Determinants in the Wetlands of Lagos State, Nigeria

Flooding is natural in wetland ecosystems and urbanization is sprawling into wetlands of Lagos city. Flood prevention and management strategies through structural interventions have not yielded the desired result. The environmental determinist’s argument that nothing is free of the influence of the environment comes to fore. This study focuses on understanding ecosystem peculiarity and man’s influential role at intelligently and adaptively building with nature for eco-social sustainability. The research method employs a mixed method sequential explanatory design. In the first phase, a mailed survey collected the following data (n = 116) in June 2020 from ten residential communities within Kosofe local government area of Lagos state: the attributes of the flooding experienced, causes of flood occurrences, and factors influencing occurrence of floods. In the second phase, equifinality is used to explain the results of analysis of the quantitative data. Findings reveal that ‘flooding’ as an end state may occur from different initial states and in different ways, based on dynamic interaction in the environment. In conclusion, an objective approach to sustainability is one founded on acknowledging the importance of the ideologies of environmental determinism and possibilism. While it is common for the environment to set constraints, man has the choice to intelligently journey with sustainability towards a fulfilling and equitable future.

Implications of Improper Sewage Management on Public Health: A Case Study of Kosofe Local Government Area, Lagos State

Sewage management and its implications on public health remain one of the major challenges of urbanisation faced by developing countries such as Nigeria. As a member of the United Nations (UN), Nigeria is actively involved in ensuring achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially those that have direct impact on human health and liveability of dwellings in urban and periurban settlements. The sanitary state of an area is largely influenced by the waste handling practices of residents and involves measures for safe waste evacuation and disposal. This study examined sewage management in the low-income settlement of Agboyi-Ketu, Lagos State. In the sampling area, 21 streets were selected using a stratified sampling technique while 105 buildings were chosen via systematic sampling, after which copies of an interview-administered questionnaire were distributed to respondents. It was found that most of the buildings erected close to the nearby water body did not have septic tanks but had either a pit toilet or a non-functional water closet. Some residents openly defecated into the nearby stream and a number of households with septic tanks disposed their sewage in the stream through sewer pipes, thereby polluting the water. Microbiological analyses were carried out on water samples collected from the area (ground water and surface water) to ascertain their level of potability. It was observed that the underground water and surface water samples were highly contaminated with enteric microorganisms such as E.coli, Klebsiella spp, Pseudomonas spp and Saccharomyces spp, thus making such water unfit for drinking. The study therefore suggests that more efforts should be made to ensure proper sewage disposal in the area to reduce the negative environmental health impacts for which the majority of residents are responsible. If the situation is addressed, then SDG 3 will be attained, i.e., to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages. There will be a reduction in the spread of infectious and communicable waterborne diseases such as tuberculosis, malaria, cholera, hepatitis A, leptospirosis, and typhoid fever. It is also expected that by 2030, SDG 11—making cities inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable—will be achieved, thereby reducing the adverse per capita environmental impact of cities by paying special attention to municipal and other forms of waste management in cities such as Lagos.

Utilisation and preferences of family planning services among women in Ikosi-Isheri, Kosofe Local Government area, Lagos, Nigeria.

Despite women's adequate knowledge and the obvious unmet need for family planning (FP), contraceptive prevalence in Nigeria is low. A greater understanding of the barriers to FP that informs service utilisation and preferences is needed to improve service delivery. This study was aimed at assessing the use and preferences of FP services among women. A community-based, descriptive, cross-sectional survey was carried out among 367 women (15-49 years of age) residing in Ikosi-Isheri, Kosofe local government area, who were selected by multistage sampling method. Data were collected using a pre-tested, semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire and were analysed using SPSS software version 20. Frequency distributions and cross tabulations were generated. The Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used to determine associations, and the level of significance was set at P ≤ 0.05. Although 64.0% were aware of FP, only 26.4% had ever used FP services. The contraceptive prevalence was 17.9%. Traditional or religious restrictions were given as the reasons for not using FP (40.9%). The preferred FP services were those offered at primary healthcare centres (45.2%) and teaching hospitals (33.9%) because of proximity (38.7%), privacy (14.5%) and health workers being female (22.6%). Age, level of education and marital status were associated with the utilisation of FP services (P < 0.001, P = 0.020 and P < 0.001, respectively). Although awareness was high, uptake was low. Government health facilities were preferred. Primary healthcare should be strengthened, and FP services should be scaled up to make FP more accessible. Services should be closer to where people live while providing the privacy they desire.

Parental Roles: Implication for Sustainable Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) Development in Kosofe Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria

Parental Roles: Implication for Sustainable Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) Development in Kosofe Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria

Family Patterns In The Context Of International Migration: Evidence From Families Of International Migrants In Lagos, Nigeria

Migration is generally conceived of as the movement of people from one place to another involving change of usual residence. When the movement is from one country to another, it is international migration; when it is within the country, it is referred to as internal migration. The focus of this paper is international migration involving the movements of Nigerians to other countries. Migration tends to create a disruption in social relationships and networks that have existed over the years. It has been theorized that the longer the duration of stay by the migrating member, the more permanent will be the disruption of existing family pattern and relationship. Some studies on international migration in sub-Saharan Africa appear to concentrate more on the issues of “brain-drain” and social differentiation between migrants’ and non-migrants’ households. This paper examine dthe influence of international migration on family patterns. The study’s specific objectives were to investigate the relationship between international migration and the role of migrants in family’s decision-making process; attainment of desired family size; family headship; and childrearing among families of international migrants in Lagos, The study adopted the non-experimental research design. A sample size of six hundred respondents was drawn from six hundred households with families members living outside Nigeria. The study locations were Eti-Osa and Kosofe Local Government Areas in Lagos State. Our findings indicate that there is no relationship between duration of travel of spouses and the number of children born by the respondents. One could speculate that the desired number of children is usually born before the spouses stay away from this country. The absent family members are usually consulted before important family decisions are made because of the former’s financial strength or birth ranking/position compared to the respondents.

Examining the Lagos Green Initiative: A case study of Kosofe Local Government

Environmental sustainability has been a global agenda which aligns with the MillenniumDevelopment goal seven (7). In line with this global agenda, Nigeria scaled upher priorities to ensure meeting this goal by putting in place usefulmachineries (Adeagbo, 2013); the creation of parks and greening Lagos was oneof such actions. Hence, this study sort to examine government’s initiativetowards sustaining the environment, and the attitude of its citizenry. The study utilizeda qualitative method to obtain information from key informants, opinion leadersand program coordinators who were identified; while a cross-sectionaldescriptive survey was utilized to obtain quantitative data through thedistribution of questionnaires among residents of Kosofe Local Government ofLagos after cluster sampling. Computed coded data, were analyzed intofrequencies and descriptive statistics using SPSS version 16.Findings showed meanage of the respondents was ± 30. Key informant interview revealed commitment tosustaining the initiative and community involvement was a key strategy tosustenance. Data from respondents revealed that 60% of the community memberssupport the green initiative, while 70% of respondents, established willingnessto contribute to the green Lagos initiative. Overall, respondents felt positiveeffect on their health. Hence, this initiative is worthwhile and should bereplicated elsewhere. There is a need for focused strategies to harness fullcommunity involvement so as to meet the vision of the initiative.

INFLUENCE OF FAMILY SIZE AND AFTER SCHOOL ACTIVITIES ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN SURULERE AND KOSOFE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF LAGOS STATE

The paper researched into the influence of family size and after school activities on students’ academic performance in selected secondary schools in Surulere and Kosofe Local Government area of Lagos State. Four hypothesis were postulated in testing them, a questionnaire tagged Family Size on Academic Performance (FSAP) was designed and administered on 480 students in four public and four private schools through simple random sampling technique the collected data were analysed and interpreted using simple percentage, T-test and ANOVA Statistics. The result of the analysis revealed that there is significant difference in academic performance of students in public and private schools; differences in academic performance of large family and small family. Therefore it is recommended that Government among others should organize public lectures on family planning and public schools should endeavour to do their work conscientiously.

Informal sector initiative in the primary sub-system of urban solid waste management in Lagos, Nigeria

The study investigates the operations of an informal initiative; the “ barro’ boys” in the primary sub-system of urban solid waste management. The study is focused on 2 of the 20 local government councils in Lagos State, Nigeria. All the barro’ boys identified in Mushin and Kosofe local government areas were purposively sampled through structured interview. Information on the residents’ perception of the operators’ services were obtained from 392 households through systematic random sampling technique. The study identified that the operators of the initiative are educationally low in status, single by marital status, young adults all of whom are below the age of 35 years. The main activity of the initiative is collection of waste from the source of generation and no form of sorting is practiced. The equipment used is human driven cart which is either owned or rented. No definite method of service charge exists. The service is available throughout especially from Monday to Saturday. The operators’ minimum daily income is Naira 1000 (Naira 128=US$1). The initiative also produced dump site touts and several clandestine waste dump sites. The study further established that residents use environmentally unfriendly storage receptacles which aggravate the problems of effective collection. Though the residents were apprehensive of their properties’ security in the hands of the initiative's operators, it is still the most popular means of disposal as 71.3% of the waste produced in the two council areas is disposed through them. In addition, the index of satisfaction (residents’ satisfaction index, RSI) on each attribute of “service availability”, “cost, in relation to the service provided”, “politeness of the initiative's operators” and “reliability of the service rendered” is higher than the aggregate satisfaction ( RSI ¯ ) of their service. The study concludes that with the popularity of the illegal, but highly cherished service of the barro’ boys, integrating them into the existing system to evolving an effective and efficient urban solid waste management is more realistic than the consideration to outlaw the initiative.