This study aims to elucidate the pediatric oncology nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards research engagement in Egypt. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 300 pediatric oncology nurses. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire that assessed nurses’ knowledge, attitude, and the practice of research engagement. About 10% of the participants were under 25 years old. The ratio of bachelor's degree holders to postgraduate studies holders is about 3:1. 45% of the nurses have at least 5 years’ experience. The majority of the nurses (66%) were females. The median knowledge score is 8 points (out of 10). The attitude towards research is highly positive. 83% of respondents are interested in research engagement. Only 20% of respondents believe that research has insufficient influence on government and policies. 66% of participants have conducted research either fully or partially. Participants have reported that journal websites and print journals are the primary sources of research articles. Participants who have never participated in research before have, on average, a knowledge score that is 0.49 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.85 to -0.12; P=0.009) points lower than those who have previously participated in research, holding all other variables constant. In addition, participants with 2 to 5 years of experience score, on average, 0.56 points (95% CI: 0.1 to 1.0; P=0.018) higher in the knowledge score compared to those with ≤ 2 years of experience, holding all other variables constant. The findings underscore the need for targeted interventions such as ongoing education, mentorship programs, and organizational policies to enhance research participation among pediatric oncology nurses. Promoting research engagement is essential to translate evidence into practice and improve the quality of care for children with cancer.

Student pharmacist accuracy and confidence in identifying dermatologic conditions in skin of color: a pilot study.

This study was conducted to determine the knowledge and self-efficacy of intensive care nurses in the management of pressure injuries and to identify the relationship between these two variables. This descriptive and correlational study was conducted with 203 nurses working in the intensive care units of a public hospital in Turkey. Data were collected with a nurse information form, the Pressure Ulcer Knowledge Assessment Tool 2.0, and the Pressure Ulcer Management Self-Efficacy Scale. Nurses completed paper questionnaires. The nurses had a knowledge score of 11.06 (44.2% correct) and a self-efficacy score of 72.22 for pressure injury management. No significant relationship was found between total knowledge and self-efficacy scores; however, weak but significant correlations were identified between the subscales. Additionally, significant differences were observed in the total and subscale scores of both the Pressure Ulcer Knowledge Assessment Tool 2.0 and the Pressure Ulcer Management Self-Efficacy Scale according to gender, education level, seniority, and work unit. The nurses showed limited knowledge but high self-efficacy in the management of pressure injuries, suggesting that self-efficacy is influenced not only by knowledge but also by attitudes and clinical skills.

The effectiveness of PechaKucha as a reinforcement tool in teaching vital signs skills to nursing students: A randomized controlled trial.

A longitudinal evaluation of retention of pharmacy law knowledge by pharmacy students.

ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to determine the effect of a board game on the level of knowledge among nursing students about older people neglect and abuse. This randomized controlled study included an experimental group that received a board game intervention and a control group that participated in case study discussions. Before the intervention, all students received a brief theoretical training on elder neglect and abuse. The Older People Neglect and Abuse Knowledge Test was used to collect data. The mean knowledge scores of nursing students in both groups increased after the intervention. The experimental group showed a significantly greater improvement in knowledge (pretest = 19.51 ± 1.8; posttest = 22.65 ± 1.5; d = 1.89) compared to the control group (pretest = 20.00 ± 2.6; posttest = 21.42 ± 2.2; d = 0.58) (p = .049, d = 0.65). Case studies and board games are both effective in increasing students’ level of knowledge about older people abuse.

The Use of Immersive Virtual Reality Surgical Simulation to Increase Medical Student Confidence and Surgical Knowledge in Orthopedics.

Enhancing Outcomes Through High-Fidelity Advanced Life Support Education: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Implementation and Quality Improvement.

Strabismus is a common pediatric ocular condition that affects binocular vision and is associated with significant psychosocial consequences. In developing countries such as Nepal, delayed diagnosis and treatment are frequently attributed to poor parental awareness and prevalent cultural misconceptions. Assessing parental knowledge and attitudes is therefore crucial for improving early intervention and visual outcomes. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2023 to December 2024 at Lumbini Eye Institute & Research Center (LEIRC), Rupandehi, Nepal, to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of parents of children with strabismus. A total of 143 parents of children aged 1–16 years were recruited using convenience sampling. Data were collected using a pretested, structured questionnaire consisting of six knowledge-based and seven attitude-based items. Knowledge scores ≥4 were categorized as “good knowledge,” and attitude scores ≥5 were considered a “positive attitude.” Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Findings showed that only 29.4% of respondents had good knowledge, whereas 61.5% demonstrated a positive attitude toward strabismus. Most parents recognized strabismus as a treatable condition (95.1%) and perceived it as a cosmetic concern (73.4%). Spectacles were the most commonly identifi ed treatment option (64.3%). No statistically significant association was found between knowledge and attitude (p = 0.486). In conclusion, although parental knowledge regarding strabismus was limited, attitudes were generally positive. This may reflect strong cultural values related to family care and growing trust in institutional eye care services. Community-based health education and school health programs could play a crucial role in enhancing early detection and timely management of strabismus in Nepal.

This cross-sectional study explored the understanding and perspective of postgraduate students in distance education regarding research, along with the research barriers. The study aimed to compare the knowledge, attitudes, and challenges faced by students across different genders, four age groups, and three fields. A self-report questionnaire was administered to postgraduate students of distance education across three universities in Western India. Questions were primarily closed-ended and consisted of Likert scales. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, and one-way ANOVA were used to analyse and compare the means of groups by gender, age, and field of study while using Excel and Jamovi. The study considered a 95 percent confidence level and the standard significance level p-value of 0.05 for statistical analysis. The study results showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the average knowledge and attitude scores of male and female students toward research. Additionally, there was no significant variance in the knowledge and attitude scores within different age groups and fields. The study revealed an above-average positive attitude towards research. The findings indicated that there was no significant difference in the score of barriers to research between male and female students, different age groups, and fields of postgraduate students of distance education. The major obstacles to involvement in research in distance education were found to be the unavailability of time, mentors, and social and family obligations.

Integrative Holistic Early Childhood Education is a comprehensive approach for children aged 0–6 years that integrates education, health, nutrition, and well-being; however, its implementation is often hindered by limited training and educational materials for early childhood education administrators on child nutrition and simple health assessments, as well as low parental awareness of healthy nutrition for young children. In Bandung Regency, the target proportion of undernourished toddlers is set below 15%, yet Community Health Centre data indicate that only 62.8% of toddlers experienced weight gain, which remains below the target of 90%. Early Childhood Education Patriot, located within the working area of the Bojongsoang Community Health Centre, Bandung Regency, was selected as the site for this community service programme, which aimed to improve parents’ knowledge and teachers’ skills related to early childhood growth and development screening. The programme consisted of structured seminars for parents and practical training sessions for teachers delivered by professional midwifery educators, involving six teachers, 20 parents, and 28 early childhood education students. Following the intervention, parents’ average knowledge scores increased from 67 to 82, while teachers’ knowledge scores improved by an average of 7.8 points and their practical skills by an average of 17.66 points. In conclusion, the seminars and training had a positive impact on parents’ knowledge of balanced nutrition and enhanced teachers’ knowledge and skills in conducting simple early childhood screening, supporting the need for sustained collaboration between educational institutions and local health centres

It is essential to promote awareness of antimicrobial resistance in youth so that they can lead responsible lives in the future. This study aimed to empower school-age cadres to disseminate their awareness of antimicrobial resistance to their peers. Five hundred and seventy-eight students in grades 4, 5, and 6 from five primary schools in rural Malang, Indonesia participated in this study. Our expert team trained five school-age cadres from each school using interactive pedagogical materials to encourage awareness of antimicrobial resistance. The peer-led learning process was conducted for 10 weeks. The same questionnaire was used to assess the pre- and post-peer learning intervention knowledge and attitudes of all participants. Our findings showed that the overall post-test knowledge and attitude scores were significantly better than pre-test scores (p < 0.0001). There was also a significant difference in the attitude score change among the five schools (p < 0.0001). The school with the lowest ratio of cadre to total number of participants showed the lowest change in attitude scores. An independent peer-led learning process in delivering awareness of antimicrobial resistance among primary school students is effective, providing that the ratio between the number of peer cadres and total students is adequate.

Background: Thalassemia is a global health concern due to its high prevalence and the absence of a cure. Around the world, there are approximately 100 million carriers of beta-thalassemia, with roughly 100,000 of them being children. A KAP study on thalassemia can provide valuable insights into the perceptions, and behaviors of Pakistani individuals, communities, or healthcare professionals related to the disease. Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. After taking consent, data was collected from 368 individuals, through a mixed-mode questionnaire that was administered both online and in person, from July 2nd, 2023 to August 30th, 2023. Data was collected and cleaned in excel and then imported into IBM® SPSS v27 statistical package. Results: Data was gathered from 368 individuals with 168 (43.8%) males and 206 (55.7%) females. The mean age of the participants was 34.57±13.19. Independent Samples T-test showed no significant difference in KAP Scores between both genders (p= 0.448). One-way ANOVA showed significant differences among different education level (F-statistic= 40.45, p=0.02). Lastly, bivariate correlation analysis between Age and KAP Scores showed a negative weak correlation (Coeff. = -0.25, p= 0.01). Conclusions: The population mean scores for knowledge were 5.95±3.200 out of 12, for attitude, 6.40±2.032 out of 10, and for 3.49±1.526 out of 6. Higher Education led to higher KAP scores. Lastly, age was seen to negatively affect KAP scores, with higher KAP scores pertaining to thalassemia seen in younger individuals.

Background: Family planning (FP) is crucial for reproductive health, reducing maternal and child mortality, promoting gender equality, and achieving sustainable population growth, but gaps persist among Bangladeshi women. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards FP among married women in urban Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between May and September 2023 among 330 married women aged 15–49 years attending selected public and private hospitals in Dhaka City. Participants were selected using a multistage sampling technique. Data were collected through a structured intervieweradministered questionnaire covering socio-demographic characteristics, reproductive history, and KAP components. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20, employing descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and multivariable logistic regression to identify predictors of modern contraceptive use. Results: Almost all respondents (96.4%) had heard about FP, with mass media (62.1%) as the main information source. The mean knowledge score was 11.6 ± 2.7 (out of 15), and 52.7% had good knowledge. About 63.3% exhibited a favorable attitude toward FP, recognizing its benefits for maternal and child health. However, 37.9% believed religion may discourage contraceptive use, and 28.2% cited husband’s disapproval as a barrier. Overall, 61.8% reported current contraceptive use—82.1% used modern methods, primarily oral pills (38.5%), injections (21.8%), and condoms (14.8%). Independent predictors of contraceptive use included higher education, husband’s education, number of living children, good knowledge, and favorable attitude (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: The study demonstrates that knowledge and attitudes toward family planning among married women in Dhaka are generally positive, but actual practice remains inadequate. Strengthening educational interventions, encouraging male involvement, and improving accessibility to long-acting contraceptive methods are essential steps to enhance family planning utilization and promote reproductive health equity in Bangladesh.

Background Antenatal perineal massage (APM) is an established technique for preventing severe perineal trauma, but it is uncommonly practised in Hong Kong. This study aimed to investigate pregnant women’s knowledge, attitudes and interest in APM, and to identify factors that influence their interest in the technique. Methods A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted over 7 months at Princess Margaret Hospital. Pregnant women aged 18 years or above and under 37 weeks of gestation were invited to participate via a bilingual questionnaire distributed during antenatal clinic visits. Descriptive and regression analyses were used. Results Out of 385 respondents, only 31.4% were aware of APM with social media (61.2%) as their main source of knowledge. Only 44.8% of the questions were answered correctly, with a median knowledge score of 3.0 out of 7. A majority were unaware of the long-term impacts of severe perineal injury (57.7%) and potential benefits of perineal massage (54.5%), highlighting a deficiency of knowledge. Interest in APM was high (66.2%). Non-Chinese, higher education, planned vaginal delivery and knowledge of the technique’s benefit are positive predictors of expressed interest. However, concerns about discomfort (38.5%) and embarrassment (38.5%) were notable barriers to participation. Among those who practised APM, the median Likert score was 4 out of 5, indicating a generally positive perception of its benefits. Conclusions This study reveals important areas where knowledge regarding obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) and APM is lacking among some pregnant women in Hong Kong. There is a need to enhance education and resources regarding these topics in antenatal classes.

Health education related to cervical cancer is essential for community empowerment, with community health cadres playing a pivotal role in delivering health education at the grassroots level. The use of appropriate educational media has been shown to effectively enhance community knowledge. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of educational modules and videos in improving cadres’ knowledge and skills in delivering health education on cervical cancer prevention. This quasi-experimental study employed a one-group pretest–posttest design involving 25 community health cadres. The intervention comprised two 90-minute cadre training sessions. The first session included a lecture followed by a question-and-answer discussion, while the second session involved a health education demonstration. Educational videos and modules were used as instructional media. Knowledge data were collected using a structured questionnaire, whereas skills data were assessed using a standardized observation checklist. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank. The results showed that knowledge score increased from 48.00 (pretest) to 94.00 (posttest), with a mean difference of 46.00 (p &lt; 0.05). Similarly, the mean skills score improved from 37.20 (pretest) to 87.20 (posttest), with a mean difference of 50.00 (p &lt; 0.05). Educational modules and videos are effective media for enhancing the knowledge and skills of community health cadres in providing health education on cervical cancer prevention. Their use should be integrated into training programs to strengthen cervical cancer prevention efforts at the community level. Keyword: Cervical cancer, Health education, Cadres, Module, Video, Prevention

Introduction: Adolescents were recorded to consume more than 50 grams of sugar per day, higher than the adult group, which had an average of 39.1 grams. This condition indicates the need for nutritional education interventions in schools to form healthier consumption habits. The use of two-dimensional food models can help students understand the portions and sugar content in various food products more effectively. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of two-dimensional food model educational media on students' knowledge of sugar consumption. Methods: This study employed a quasi-experimental approach with a single-group pre-test and post-test design. The study sample consisted of 94 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data collection on knowledge was conducted using pre-test and post-test questionnaires containing 15 questions, which were then analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The educational media given to the subjects was a two-dimensional food model consisting of pictures of various sweet food and beverage products accompanied by nutritional information and illustrations of sugar measurements in teaspoons. The images were printed on HVS paper and mounted on cardboard to make them more sturdy. Results: The results showed that the average knowledge score increased from 64.91 points in the pre-test to 94.01 points in the post-test, with the percentage of good knowledge increasing from 7.4% to 95.7%. The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test on the knowledge variable produced a significance value (2-tailed) of 0.000. Conclusion: Two-dimensional food model educational media significantly influence students' knowledge about sugar consumption. Future research should conduct the latest research related to foods or beverages that will be trending in the future as material for two-dimensional food model media.

This research project was conducted to assess the financial literacy skills of residents in Thailand, which comprises financial knowledge, financial attitudes, and financial behavior that impact financial well-being. Using multi-stage sampling, the study surveyed 510 residents from 7 districts and 15 sub-districts in Pathum Thani Province in 2024 to support the smart city development framework. For the descriptive statistics, it was found that the average financial attitude score of the sample was 65.19%, which was higher than the OECD (2020) benchmark of 60%. However, the average financial knowledge score of the sample was 63.28%, which was lower than the OECD (2020) benchmark of 71.43%. The average financial behavior score of the sample was 60.52%, which was also lower than the OECD (2020) benchmark of 66.67%. Generation Y had higher average financial well-being scores than Generation Z, Generation X, and Baby Boomers. Additionally, Generation Y had higher average financial skills scores than Generation Z, Generation X, and Baby Boomers, particularly in the component of average financial knowledge scores, where Generation Y also scored higher than other age groups.Implementing the multiple regression model for the inferential statistics analysis, it was found that the financial knowledge factors significantly influenced the financial well-being of residents at the 0.05 statistical significance level, and the financial behavior factors significantly influenced the financial well-being of residents at the 0.01 statistical significance level. However, the financial attitude factors did not significantly impact the financial well-being. The residents should receive enhanced financial knowledge on subtopics, including the time value of money and the calculation of principal and interest, which are fundamental principles of saving and investment that will impact long-term financial well-being and truly support becoming smart people in the smart city of Thailand.

ABSTRACT Background Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) affects 8-13% of females. US population-based research on PCOS limited. We compare PCOS knowledge and describe common PCOS symptoms in those with and without PCOS. Methods An internet panel survey of 382 (200 with PCOS) US females 18-30 years was administered. PCOS knowledge was assessed using 20 items classified as correct or incorrect summed to create a knowledge score. Respondents reported experience of each of 8 common PCOS symptoms. Body image and depression were assessed using the Body Image Measurement Scale and PHQ-9. Results The sample had a mean age of 26.2 years and was majority White, non-Hispanic (76.0%). Those with PCOS demonstrated better PCOS knowledge (mean score 10.7 vs. 9.8; p = 0.029) and were more likely to identify the cardiometabolic sequelae than those without PCOS. More than 50% of respondents with PCOS reported each of the common symptoms. Those with PCOS reported significantly poorer body image (mean 3.71 vs. 3.31; p < .0001) and higher depression symptoms (mean 14.88 vs. 10.69; p < .0001). Conclusion This study adds to the relatively small body of research on PCOS conducted among US females and highlights that knowledge about PCOS in US young adult females is low, regardless of PCOS status.

Abstract Communication skills are essential for patient-centered clinical research, yet traditional teaching methods offer limited opportunities for trainees to strengthen this competency. This study evaluates the impact of virtual reality (VR) modules on enhancing communication skills among graduate research trainees in medical science. A mixed-methods pre-post design was used to triangulate quantitative and qualitative data. Pre- and post-course scores for readiness and knowledge (Winter: n = 11, Fall: n = 29) were analyzed using a paired sample t-test. Qualitative data were collected during a class debriefing. Our quantitative findings revealed significant improvements in post-course scores for both knowledge ( p &lt; .001) and readiness for clinical integration ( p &lt; .05) compared to pre-course scores. Qualitatively, students described the modules as realistic, immersive, and engaging. However, they faced challenges in distinguishing their roles as researchers versus clinicians and in addressing cultural nuances during informed consent. VR-based learning improved students’ confidence and preparedness for real-world clinical research. Findings suggest the need for comprehensive education on informed consent and a stronger focus on ethical communication and culturally safe research practices. The modules also encouraged deep self-reflection, prompting students to confront their biases and their impact on participant inclusion.