Insurance Knowledge Research Articles

Edukasi Alokasi Keuangan untuk Asuransi Kesehatan pada Mahasiswa

The Covid-19 pandemic has made people aware of the importance of staying healthy and protecting themselves before the disease strikes. The Health Insurance Funding Educational Campaign is a program designed to increase the knowledge of college students so they can properly allocate their finances. Educational delivery was conducted online via Zoom Meeting with 36 participants. Due to the PSBB (Large-Scale Social Restrictions) program to prevent the spread of Covid-19, the education was conducted in Zoom meetings. The method includes lecture, discussion and assessment by completing pre- and post-tests. This material explains the urgency of insurance during this time. The educational activities resulted in participants' increased knowledge of health insurance and proper financial attribution, as reported by completing pre-and post-tests. The implementation of these educational activities has encountered some obstacles, such as the inability of the event organizers to directly monitor each participant so that they can keep an eye on the process of the event.

Evaluation of maize farmers’ attitude towards risk management and preference for crop insurance in Nigeria

This study focused on evaluation of maize farmers’ attitude towards risk management and preference for crop insurance in Nigeria. Multi-stage method of sampling was used. One hundred (100) maize producers were sampled and selected. Primary sources of data were used for this study and the data were collected through the use of well-structured and well-designed questionnaire. Econometrics and statistical tools employed were used for data analysis. The results obtained show that 51% of maize farmers were risk averse, 21% were risk preferring, and 28% were risk neutral. Age, gender, and education level were statistically and significant predictors influencing risk averse attitudes of maize farmers. Age, farm size, household size, gender, risk aversion, education level, and access to agricultural extension services were the statistically and significant predictors influencing preference of maize farmers for crop insurance policy. Garrett index ranking technique employed for risk management strategies and crop insurance policy adopted by maize farmers show that crop diversification was ranked 1st, weather information was ranked 2nd, crop insurance was ranked 3rd, and off-farm activities was ranked 4th respectively. The results of constraints faced by maize producers revealed that lack of extension services was ranked 1st, lack of credit facilities was ranked 2nd, inadequate knowledge of agricultural insurance was ranked 3rd, high premium of agricultural insurance was ranked 4th, while lack of fertilizer was ranked 5th respectively. The constraints retained explained 74.85% of all constraints in the analysis. The study recommends that extension officers should be employed to disseminate research results, innovations and information on risk management strategies and crop insurance to maize farmers. Weather information should be made available to maize farmers, and credit facilities at low interest rate should be provided to maize farmers. Bureaucratic process and cumbersome administrative procedures in accessing credit facilities should be removed.

Characteristics of and Professional Issues Experienced by Early Career Neuropsychologists in the United States - Findings from a Survey Study.

Multiple transitions occur during the early career stage of a psychologist, perhaps to a higher extent and with more potent ramifications than subsequent career stages. However, limited information exists on the various expectations, concerns, and challenges experienced by early career psychologists (ECPs) broadly, and more specifically in clinical neuropsychology. Therefore, the Society for Clinical Neuropsychology (SCN)/Division 40's Early Career Neuropsychologist Committee developed a Needs Assessment Survey with the primary goal of identifying various training and professional development issues encountered by ECPs in clinical neuropsychology. A comprehensive survey was distributed electronically via listserv announcements and SCN communication tools (Newsletters and Neuroblasts). Data collection occurred from 29 May, 2020 to 02 August, 2020. The total sample comprised of 89 respondents (85% aged 31-40years; 83% female; 82% Caucasian, followed by 18% Asian; 3% of Hispanic ethnicity). Majority of the respondents graduated from APA-accredited doctoral programs and from postdoctoral programs that adhered to Houston Conference Guidelines. About 7% took >2years to complete their residency and about 10%-15% of ECPs expressed clear dissatisfaction with at least some aspect of their residency training. Becoming board certified in neuropsychology was the highest ranked career goal for ECPs in neuropsychology (45%), whereas 72% indicated difficulty understanding billing and insurance-related issues as the most frequently encountered professional challenge. About 57% of ECPs were concerned about maintaining work/life balance. Specific ways to aid and strengthen trainees and ECPs' professional needs are discussed with a focus on activities that can be undertaken at individual-, department-, profession-, and higher legislative-specific levels. Question: Using survey data, this study aimed to characterize early career psychologists (ECPs) training history and their current work settings, identify their needs, and understand their perspectives about challenges and expectations. Findings: Results reveal that the workforce comprising of ECPs is getting increasingly diverse, and their needs are typically focused on obtaining board certification. ECPs identified areas for improvement in their training, such as increasing their knowledge of billing and insurance, and expressed concerns about maintaining work/life balance. Importance: The Minnesota 2022 Update Conference seems like a promising platform for addressing several of the needs identified by the survey and providing updated guidelines for ECPs. Next Steps: Based on the findings, general guidelines have been proposed for state and local level organizations along with call for action to higher-level legislation.

Teachers' Willingness to Pay for Social Health Insurance and Its Determinant Factors at Harar Region, Ethiopia, 2021.

Most developing nations lag behind in maintaining their populations' health. These nations are characterized by under-financing, low health cost protection mechanisms for the poor, and lack of risk pooling and cost sharing methods. To tackle this challenge, Ethiopia proposed social health insurance in 2010 even though its implementation was delayed. Hence, the purpose of this study was to assess teachers' willingness to pay for the newly proposed social health insurance and its associated factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted and a stratified sampling technique was used to select government and private schools. After data were collected using a semi-structured self-administered questionnaire, binary and multivariate logistic regressions were done to examine determinants of willingness to pay for social health insurance. Among participants who faced illness six months prior to the study, 85.7% reported that they paid "out of their pocket". About 59.2% and 54% of the teachers had a positive attitude and good knowledge toward health insurance schemes respectively. Of the total study respondents, 89.5% were willing to pay for the suggested insurance scheme. Forty eight percent of participants agreed to pay greater than or equal to 4% of their monthly salary. Willingness to pay was more likely among those who taught in secondary schools, had a positive attitude and good knowledge. Nearly three fourths of the teachers showed willingness to pay for social health insurance. Participants with good knowledge, a positive attitude and from primary schools were more likely to be willing to pay for social health insurance. Equipping all public facilities' employees with necessary knowledge of social health insurance is essential to reduce catastrophic health care costs. Future researchers need to consider qualitative studies to support these findings.

Exploring the Degree of Awareness of Medical Insurance and AB-PMJAY within Blue Collar Workers in Gurugram

Globally, Healthcare is recognized as a human right, either directly, or as a part of the broader right to life. Therefore, healthcare systems of most countries strive to ensure universal access to healthcare. The Public Healthcare system of India has undergone multiple reforms to achieve this. The most recent development was Ayushman Bharat and the National Health Policy of 2017, which sought to prioritize Universal Health Coverage. Most of the research in this field had been centered on national-level analysis on the feasibility, efficacy, and implementation of PMJAY and thus, there is a glaring need to examine the specific awareness, accessibility, and availability of Public Healthcare to the financially weaker sections of the society. The present study aims at examining the awareness and experiences with PMJAY, Medical Insurance, and the Public Healthcare system. A mix of qualitative and quantitative approaches were used to examine Public Healthcare, Medical Insurance, and Ayushman Bharat, including a survey and a qualitative schedule. The sample for the survey consisted of 48 blue-collar workers in Gurgaon. The data was interpreted through graphical representation and thematic analysis. It was found that migrants are less likely to be aware of Ayushman Bharat and that education level has a significant impact on the knowledge of the term medical insurance itself. Moreover, those with PMJAY cards had significantly lesser out-of-pocket expenditure. To address the issues found, awareness drives and camps specifically in migrant communities as well as the utilization of social service infrastructure like Community Service Centers was suggested.

Adaptation and Development of a Health Insurance Education Program for Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Patients.

Introduction: Adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer patients report low health insurance literacy. We interviewed AYAs to gain their perspectives on the content and delivery of the Huntsman-Intermountain adolescent and young adult cancer health insurance (HIAYA CHAT) program. Methods: From October 2019 to March 2020, we interviewed N = 24 insured AYAs with cancer aged 18-39 years. Participants were recruited by study staff and social media. We elicited feedback on proposed HIAYA CHAT content including insurance terms/definitions, insurance coverage components, insurance legislation, cost management, and the suitability of the intervention delivery. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and inductively analyzed using NVivo 12. We coded feedback into three categories of results: (1) delivery of HIAYA CHAT, (2) endorsements of proposed HIAYA CHAT content, and (3) recommendations to expand and improve HIAYA CHAT. Results: Participants were 58% female, 79% non-Hispanic white, and 79% receiving cancer treatment. First, AYAs felt that three to four different content areas, each 30 minutes or less, seemed feasible and that delivery should be through an online platform. Second, participants reflected on times during their treatment when having more insurance knowledge (e.g., appeals process) would have been useful, endorsing content about insurance policies, legal protections, and legislative impacts on health care costs. Third, AYAs recommended evaluating patients' health insurance literacy before starting HIAYA CHAT and wanted concrete learning tools (e.g., sample medical bills and budgeting). Conclusion: AYAs with cancer wanted health insurance education to include information about insurance policies and protections using tangible examples through an online delivery. Describing AYAs preferences for interventions may improve relevance and efficacy of the program. Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04448678.

Determinants of household dropout from community-based health insurance program in northwest Ethiopia; A community-based case-control study.

Community-Based Health Insurance (CBHI) is an evolving program for delivering financial protection against the cost of illness and enhancing access to quality health services for low-income informal households. The study aimed to identify determinants of household dropout from a CBHI program in Mecha district, North West Ethiopia, 2019. A community-based case-control study was conducted in the Mecha district from March 10 to June 10, 2018. The final sample was 634 (317 cases and 317 controls) determined by the two-population proportion formula, and these samples were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. The collected data was entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and analyzed using R version 4.0 software. Descriptive statistics computed. A simple logistic analysis was run (at 95% CI and p-value < 0.05) to identify the determinants for the dropout from CBHI. Poor perceived quality of care (AOR = 3.66; 95%CI: 2.35, 5.69), low knowledge of community-based health insurance (AOR = 6.02; 95%CI: 2.97, 12.26), no active community communication (AOR = 5.41; 95%CI: 3.29, 8.90) no chronic illness (AOR = 10.82; 95%CI: 5.52, 21.21) premium fee is not affordable (AOR = 2.35; 95%CI: 1.47, 3.77), and out of pocket money not reimbursed (AOR = 9.37; 95%CI: 4.44, 19.77) were the determinants for the dropout from CBHI. Poor perceived quality of care, low knowledge of CBHI, no active community participation, no chronic illness, premium fees are not affordable, and out-of-pocket money not reimbursed were the determinants for the dropout from CBHI.

Willingness to Pay for Social Health Insurance and its Determinants Among Public School Teachers in Akaki Kality Sub-City of Addis Ababa City Administration: Ethiopia. Institution-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Ethiopia is one of the countries with high out-of-pocket payments leading to catastrophic health expenditure. The government of Ethiopia introduced social health insurance scheme to reduce the out-of-pocket payments. However, there is limited evidence on willingness to pay for social health insurance among formal sector employees in the country. This study aimed to assess the willingness to pay for social health insurance and its associated factors among teachers in public school of Addis Ababa. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 10th January to 15th April 2022 on 280 teachers. Systematic sampling technique was used; data were collected using pretested self-administered structured questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 23. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate crude odds ratios. In the multivariate model, a significant level at p-value of &lt; 0.05 and adjusted odds ratio with 95%CI was used to determine the statistical association between the willingness to pay and explanatory variables. Result: Two hundred eight 74.3%were willing pay for social health insurance. Higher educational status [AOR=5.48; 95%CI (1.80, 16.73)], difficulties associated with healthcare cost [AOR=2.39; 95%CI (1.35, 4.24)], awareness about social health insurance [AOR=5.59; 95%CI (2.98, 10.48)], and knowledge of social health insurance’s benefit package [AOR=5.56; 95%CI (3.07, 10.04)] showed significant positive association with willingness to pay for social health insurance. Perception for poor quality of public health facility and trust on a health insurance agency showed significant negative association and teachers lost interest for social health insurance scheme. Conclusions: Three – fourth of the public-school teachers were willing to pay the premium proposed by the government. Higher educational status, difficulties associated with healthcare cost and awareness about social health insurance were the factors that affect positively the willingness to pay for social health insurance among public school teachers. This can pave the way to start the scheme but attention should focus on improving the quality of public health facilities and the trustfulness on health insurance agency.

Exploratory Analysis of Securities and Contractors’ All Risk Insurance Implementation in the Construction Industry of Zambia

Abstract The risks associated with construction can be transferred to insurance. However, in the Zambian construction industry (ZCI), knowledge and use of insurance covers (performance security, advance payment, and contractor’s all risk insurance) have not been previously fully elucidated. The study was designed to cover this knowledge gap among professionals in government and private sector construction institutions, as well as insurance and financial institutions. Analysed data were approached quantitatively. Based on responses collected from 68 participants purposively sampled using a structured questionnaire as instrument, results were discussed and conclusion drawn. Private sector personnel headed the number of respondents and were more likely to have had five or more years of work experience than those of the Government of the Republic of Zambia (GRZ) institutions (86 % vs 36 %, p = 0.001). Approximately 88 % of the participants both in the public 33 % and private 67 % sector had knowledge about securities and contractors’ all risk insurance. There was variation in the use of different securities and contractors’ all risk insurance, with the lowest uptake being for retention bonds. Personnel from public institutions were more likely to have used CAR-insurance security in one or more projects than those from the private sector (100 % vs 47 %, p = 0.009). Participants also reported that they had valid securities and had successful implementation of securities with a variable level of compliance among different stakeholders. Finally, approximately half of the participants had effective systems for monitoring performance of securities, and a majority of the systems were said to be effective. Education of key players in risk management, formulation and enforcement of laws are necessary to ensure effective risk management practices.

Predictors of home insurance purchase: the homeowners’ knowledge, perceived benefits and perceived vulnerability towards disaster losses

PurposeHome insurance is widely recognised as a tool for mitigating economic risk associated with natural disasters. This study aims to analyse the influence of homeowners’ home insurance knowledge (both objective and subjective types), perceived benefits (PB) and perceived vulnerability towards disaster loss (PVUL) on their intention to purchase (ITP).Design/methodology/approachThis research makes use of survey data collected from 394 respondents (the homeowners) residing in various parts of India. The structural equation modelling is used to verify 11 hypotheses proposed in the study.FindingsThe findings indicate that both objective knowledge (OK) and subjective knowledge (SK) of home insurance have significant influence on homeowners’ benefit perception and PVUL. The homeowners’ PB of home insurance negatively affect PVUL. The OK of home insurance has a stronger influence on homeowners’ ITP home insurance than SK while the homeowners benefit perceptions and PVUL significantly affects homeowners’ ITP home insurance. These findings confirms that if homeowners are knowledgeable about home insurance, they perceive the plans as more beneficial and feel less vulnerable about catastrophic events, resulting in positive intentions towards purchasing them.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first comprehensive research that assesses the Indian homeowners’ knowledge, PB and PVUL in influencing their ITP home insurance. The finding of this paper will assist both public and private insurance companies in India and similar markets in designing and implementing effective strategies to sell home insurance policies.

A pilot intervention to improve health insurance literacy and financial toxicity among recently diagnosed adolescents and young adults with cancer.

218 Background: Adolescents and young adults (AYAs; ages 18-39) with cancer report worries about costs and feeling uninformed about their insurance, which may impair their ability to navigate the health care system, use their insurance, and manage costs. We conducted a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) to assess a virtually delivered health insurance navigation intervention (“CHAT”) to improve health insurance literacy (HIL) and knowledge, increase awareness of insurance protections in the Affordable Care Act (ACA), and reduce financial toxicity and stress. Methods: CHAT is a 4-session program delivered by a patient navigator. Session content included learning about insurance, navigating your plan, insurance-related laws, &amp; managing care costs. Eligible participants had access to a wireless device, were within their first year of cancer diagnosis, and were treated at oncology sites from the University of Utah Healthcare and Intermountain Healthcare systems. We assessed feasibility and preliminary efficacy of CHAT compared to usual navigation care, including HIL (9 items on confidence using insurance), insurance knowledge (13 items on terms such as deductible &amp; copay), ACA protections (8 items), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS; 4 items), and COmprehensive Score for financial Toxicity (COST; 11 items) using t-tests. Results: From November 2020 to January 2022, 86 AYAs enrolled (46.2% approached consented); 68.6% were female, 72.1% white, 18.6% Hispanic, 34.9% age 18-25, 65.1% age 26-39, 83.7% had private insurance, and 10.5% public. Mean baseline HIL scores were 22.6 (range = 9-33, SD = 5.5). At baseline, 65.1% of participants were unaware of the ACA provision allowing appeals for coverage denials. 64.4% of intervention participants completed all 4 sessions; 86.0% completed the 5-month follow-up survey with data collection ongoing (74/86). At follow-up, compared to usual navigation care, CHAT participants had improvements in HIL, knowledge of insurance, and knowledge of ACA provisions (Table). While PSS improved more for CHAT than usual care, COST did not differ. Conclusions: Results support the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of CHAT with related improvements in HIL and knowledge of the ACA. Clinical trial information: NCT04448678. [Table: see text]

Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programmed on Knowledge Regarding Chikangunya among BSC Nursing Students at Nootan College of Nursing, Visnagar

“Small bite, Big, Threat”- by who 2014 Chikangunya is a viral disease that could take over chronic symptoms. It has no specific treatment or vaccine to date to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme of knowledge reading Chikangunya among BSC nursing students at Nootan College of nursing, visnagar. The analysis of data was done by statistics the study identified that 40% had poor level of knowledge, 33.33% had average level of knowledge and 26.67% had adequate knowledge in the Post – Test. The study result presents that Pre- Test Mean value is 13.67 and SD is 6.55. Post- Test Mean value is 16.96 and SD 5.78. The Mean difference is 3.290. The calculated ‘T’ value is 2.069. Which is higher than the table value 1.69. The study conducted that level of knowledge regarding Chikangunya among BSC nursing students found to be increased after structured teaching programme and Post – Test among BSC Nursing student at Nootan college of nursing , Visnagar.

Knowledge and Attitude of Dental Practitioners about Professional Indemnity Insurance in Davangere District: A Cross Sectional Survey

Background: It is essential that dentists should have an adequate knowledge of professional Indemnity insurance to safeguard themselves. Aim: To assess the knowledge and attitude of dental practitioners about professional indemnity insurance (PII) in Davangere district. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted involving data collection from 101 dental practitioners in Davangere district at their respective clinics using a pretested, validated, investigator‑administered closed‑ended 10 items questionnaire. Statistical significance was set at P &lt; 0.05. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 21 (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA) was used for statistical analysis. Descriptive statistics were generated in terms of percentages and chi square test was used to compare the responses across groups. Results: The mean age of participants was 41.4±8.1 years. Majority of the participants were females (51.5%) and qualified with a masters degree (70.3%). Majority did not have a professional indemnity insurance (PII) (69.3%) as they were unaware of it (51.5%). Many (56.4%) were informed about PII by their professional colleagues. Around 51.5% felt that it was not mandatory to have a PII. Around 83.2% maintained patient records and around 76.2% paid compensation to their patients for negligent dental practice. Conclusion: Majority of dental practioners in Davanagere district did not have Professional Indemnity Insurance as many were unaware about it.

Financial Literacy Study of Urban Farmers in Makassar City

The tendency of people to make purchases without paying attention to financial principles has resulted in people being irrational in buying necessities, especially farmers in farmer women’s group Anggrek. This study aims to examine the level of financial literacy of urban farming entrepreneurs, especially in farmer women’s group Anggrek, Bara – Baraya Village, Makassar District, Makassar City. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques through observation and interviews. The data analysis technique used in the research is data reduction, the next is data presentation, after that draw conclusions. The informants in this study used purpositive sampling, the informants in this study were 4 people who were farmers at farmer women’s group Anggrek. And to determine the level of financial literacy of urban farming entrepreneurs, especially in the Anggrek Women Farmer Group, there are 4 indicators studied in this study, namely 1) Knowledge of finance 2) Knowledge of Savings and Loans 3) Knowledge of Insurance and 4). Knowledge of Investment. The results of the study explain that the overall level of financial literacy of farmers in farmer women’s group Anggrek still needs to be improved, although knowledge about finance and savings, and loans is quite good, but trust and use of financial institutions, insurance and investment are still very limited. So it is necessary to increase financial literacy for farmers, especially in farmer women’s group Anggrek.

The Determinants of Medical and Health Insurance Demand in Klang, Selangor

Medical and health insurance is a very important function to secure a family member as well as to provide secure finances for individuals. However, in Malaysia, the demand for medical and health insurance is yet not preferable. Not only that, medical expenses increase critically but there are still a lot of Malaysians who do not have their own medical and health insurance. The purpose of this study is to examine the factors that influenced the demand for medical and health insurance among people in Klang and the relationship between income level, knowledge of medical and health insurance, income protection, risk attitude, and social influence. A quantitative study was conducted, and 240 questionnaires were distributed to Klang residents as a respondent using a random sampling method. The finding indicates that risk attitude, income protection, income level as well as knowledge are four important variables correlative with the demand for medical and health insurance in Klang. This research is beneficial Insurance industry to create awareness among Malaysian about the importance of Medical and Health Insurance, especially during the era of the pandemic Covid-19.

A Transcendental Phenomenological Analysis on the Financial Literacy among Senior High School Teachers in Carrascal National High School, Philippines

Financial literacy is the ability to use knowledge and skills to manage financial resources effectively for a lifetime of financial well-being. Unfortunately, many people have a weak grasp of basic personal finance principles. Inadequate financial literacy among salaried workers and teachers, particularly on how to save and invest, the kind of financial products to choose, and how to prepare for retirement, is a major concern in the Philippines, especially among teachers. The researcher undertakes the study to assess how financially literate teachers are and also offers valuable recommendations to improve their level of financial literacy and the nation in general. This study employed a Transcendental Phenomenological qualitative research design developed by Moustakas. The study revealed that the level of financial literacy among teachers is inadequate. In the long run, this lack of adequate financial knowledge has far-reaching consequences on the teacher as it is observed that teachers' knowledge of insurance and investment is not good and encouraging, which in the long term will limit participants' financial decisions and planning. Financial illiteracy and its resultant consequences on the teachers could potentially hinder their productivity since the teachers' performance can be seriously affected as they will always have financial worries and challenges to think about.

Cultural Effect on Financial Literacy (Learn From Wulandoni Barter Market Trader in Lembata Regency)

The purpose of the study was to understand cultural factors and their influence on the financial literacy of Wulandoni traditional barter market traders in Lembata Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. This study uses a qualitative and quantitative approach. Data were collected by observation and in-depth interviews with selected informants. Questionnaires were distributed to 50 barter market traders who were determined randomly to determine the influence of culture on financial literacy using statistical measuring tools. The results showed that the barter market activity decreased from time to time in terms of quantity, quality, and execution time. Market participants who use barter and money systems are increasing. The factor that makes the barter market survive is the reason for the cultural traditions passed down from generation to generation. The traders believe that this tradition should not be violated because it will wreak havoc on them. The financial literacy of traders is in a low category in terms of general knowledge of finance, savings, loans, insurance, and investment. The statistical tests show a significant influence between culture and financial literacy on barter market traders. For this reason, in addition to strengthening cultural traditions, it is necessary to improve the financial literacy and cultural literacy of traders and the community, especially the younger generation, to continue to preserve barter market activities in Wulandoni

Exploring the Impact of Instruction on College Students' Health Insurance Literacy.

Student health insurance literacy is an area of limited prior knowledge, and investigations into this topic have the potential to impact students' self-care strategies, self-efficacy, decision-making, and quality of life. The purpose of this study was to examine factors associated with health insurance literacy and knowledge among undergraduate students. In this study, undergraduate students at one mid-Atlantic public university in the United States who did and did not receive instruction on health insurance were surveyed. Students were recruited from a course that offers formal instruction about health insurance and students in a comparison group at the same university were recruited from a general education participant pool. Participants (n = 364) completed an online anonymous survey that included demographics, experience with health insurance, health insurance knowledge, and health insurance literacy self-efficacy. Hierarchical multiple regression results indicated participants in the course who received health insurance instruction scored higher on a measure of health insurance knowledge. Higher levels of health insurance self-efficacy was also associated with receiving instruction related to health insurance. Female gender and higher parental education were associated with a lower self-efficacy. Improving health insurance knowledge and self-efficacy among undergraduates is an important aspect of preparing students for post-graduate life where decisions about health insurance coverage and healthcare utilization will increase. Furthermore, increasing health insurance literacy may contribute to raising standards of health literacy, health care, and health care seeking across communities.

Financial knowledge of university students in Korea and Germany

This study compares the financial knowledge of Korean ( N = 1006) and German ( N = 1346) university students. The country-specific adaptations of the US-American Test of Financial Literacy was used to assess financial knowledge. Financial knowledge can be divided into three areas (everyday money management; banking; insurance). German students show a slightly higher knowledge of everyday money management and insurance. Korean students tend to be stronger in the area banking. The paper examines the impact of gender on financial knowledge and the role of financial information gathering. A gender difference is determined in Germany, but not in Korea. Male students in Germany score higher than female students. An analysis of variance shows that Korean as well as German students who inform themselves more frequently about financial topics achieve a higher financial knowledge score. The article shows that it is possible to validly measure financial knowledge in Germany and Korea, which have different economic systems.

Perceptions of pelvic floor dysfunction and rehabilitation care amongst women in southeast China after radical hysterectomy: a qualitative study

ObjectiveTo investigate the perceptions of pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) and rehabilitation care amongst women after radical hysterectomy and to explore ways to improve quality of care.MethodsThirty-six women who underwent radical hysterectomy at a hospital in southeast China were enrolled via purposive sampling. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted. The texts were analysed via qualitative content analysis.ResultsFour themes were obtained: serious lack of knowledge, heavy psychological burden, different coping strategies and great eagerness to receive multiparty support on PFD rehabilitation care.ConclusionThe society and professional staff should strengthen health education on PFD. Professionals should offer education before and after surgery and actively provide rehabilitation consultation to promote the availability of rehabilitation to support women with PFD rehabilitation care. In addition, family-centred care is an important way to support women to return to normal life, and women's need for family support should be more actively expressed. Moreover, knowledge of medical insurance should be popularised, especially in rural areas in China.