Knowledge Of Examples Research Articles

Increasing The Students’ Ability In Reading Comprehension By Using Shared Reading Strategy At The Eighth Grade Of SMP Negeri 3 Gunungsitoli In 2022/2023

Reading was a part of four skills in mastering English that should be taught at school because it an important skill to be mastered. In learning English there were four basic skills that should be mastered by students. They were listening, speaking, reading and writing. Reading had to be mastered by students because it could help students got a lot of information and could increase their knowledge for example by reading; the students were expected to build their own comprehension of the text. Based on the observation that was done by researcher in SMP Negeri 3 Gunungsitoli, especially in the eighth grade, most of the students could not achieve the MCC 70. Problems faced by students in learning reading comprehension: the students lacked of vocabulary, the students were not able to identified the topic of the recount text, the students lacked an understanding of the meaning of words in the text, the students could not know the generic structure of the recount text. The research did aim to address students’ problems in reading comprehension through shared reading strategy. This research used a quantitative method and used Classroom Action Research (CAR) design which consists of planning, action, observation, reflection. This research was carried out two cycles and each cycle was conducted two meetings. In cycle I showed that there were 20 students who did not pass the MCC out of 30 students and the average student score was 51.66. In addition, in Cycle I there were results from student evaluations with the lowest score of 20 and the highest score of 85. In Cycle II, all students had passed the MCC out of 30 students and with an average student score of 85.16 and there was a lowest score of 70 and the highest score of 100. Based on the results of the study, the researcher concluded that the used of shared reading strategy could improve students’ reading comprehension skill.

Techniques for Identifying and Sorting Transgenic Mosquito Larvae.

Transgenic mosquitoes are used in many aspects of mosquito research. First, they can help answer biological questions to advance scientific knowledge-for example, in the fields of mosquito-pathogen interactions, insect immunity, or olfaction. Second, transgenic technologies may be used to develop much needed novel vector control strategies, such as mosquitoes that are unable to transmit disease or transgenes that sterilize mosquito females to suppress vector populations. Here, we introduce how researchers use various selection markers to screen for transgenic mosquito larvae following a transgenesis experiment. Common procedures include using a binocular fluorescence microscope for initial screening. For higher-throughput screening, a flow cytometer known as Complex Object Parametric Analyzer and Sorter (COPAS) can be used to stabilize transgenic lines through the purification of homozygous individuals or to manage transgene frequency in established transgenic lines. In particular, COPAS sorting allows the production of mosquito larval cultures composed of a mixture of genotypes (control and genetically modified larvae) with the goal of raising both groups of mosquitoes under the same environmental conditions in preparation for a controlled phenotype assessment. It can also be used to produce large populations of male mosquitoes, which should facilitate the development of mosquito control intervention strategies similar to the sterile insect technique (SIT), which aims to release large numbers of sterile males that will mate with and sterilize wild females to suppress mosquito populations. Finally, the utilization of a puromycin resistance marker cassette to screen for transgenic Anopheles larvae is also introduced.

Experiences of Patients and Therapists Testing a Virtual Reality Exposure App for Symptoms of Claustrophobia: Mixed Methods Study.

The effectiveness of virtual reality exposure (VRE) in the treatment of anxiety disorders is well established. Several psychological mechanisms of VRE have been identified, whereby both emotional processing and the sense of presence play a key role. However, there are only few studies that contribute to our knowledge of examples of implementation in the case of VRE for claustrophobia based on patients' experiences and the perspective of therapists. This study asks for key elements of a VRE app that are necessary for effective exposure for people with claustrophobic symptoms. A mixed methods design was applied in which patients (n=15) and therapeutic experts (n=15) tested a VRE intervention of an elevator ride at 5 intensity levels. Intensity was varied by elevator size, duration of the elevator ride, and presence of virtual humans. Quantitative measures examined self-reported presence with the Igroup Presence Questionnaire (IPQ) ranging from 0 to 6 and 15 Likert-scaled evaluation items that had been developed for the purpose of this study, ranging from 1 to 5. In both measures, higher scores indicate higher levels of presence or agreement. Think-aloud protocols of the patients and semistructured interviews posttreatment of all participants were conducted to gain in-depth perspectives on emotional processes. The intervention induced a feeling of presence in patients and experts, posttreatment scores showed a high IPQ presence score (mean 3.84, SD 0.88), with its subscores IPQ spatial presence (mean 4.53, SD 1.06), IPQ involvement (mean 3.83, SD 1.22), and IPQ experienced realism (mean 2.75, SD 1.02). Patients preferred a setting in the presence of a therapist (mean 4.13, SD 0.83) more than the experts did (mean 3.33, SD 1.54). Think-aloud protocols of the patients revealed that presence and anxiety both were achieved. Qualitative interviews of patients and experts uncovered 8 topics: feelings and emotions, personal story, telepresence, potential therapeutic effects, barriers, conditions and requirements, future prospects, and realization. The intensity levels were felt to appropriately increase in challenge, with ambivalent results regarding the final level. Virtual humans contributed to feelings of fear. Key elements of a VRE app for claustrophobic symptoms should include variation of intensity by adding challenging cues in order to evoke presence and anxiety. Virtual humans are a suitable possibility to make the intervention realistic and to provide a sense of closeness; however, some of the fears might then be related to symptoms of social phobia or agoraphobia. Patients may need the physical presence of a therapist, though not all of them share this view. A higher degree of sophistication in the intensity levels is needed to deliver targeted help for specific symptoms of anxiety.

Konsep Pendidikan Akhlak Menurut Syekh Al-Zarnuji Dalam Kitab Ta'lim Al-Muta'allim

This study discusses the concept of moral education according to Sheikh Al-Zarnuji in the book of Ta'lim Al-Muta'allim. This research is focused on analyzing the concept of moral education according to Sheikh Al-Zarnuji in the Book of Ta'lim Al-Muta'allim. Data analysis used the descriptive qualitative method. The researcher's main research instrument is the researcher himself, who identifies, classifies, and analyzes data from any data needed to complete the research. The findings reveal that the book of Ta'lim Al-Muta'allim has 13 significant conversations, including the essence of science, the law of pursuing knowledge, and its significance. Set a goal to learn something new; choose ability, teachers, friends, and learning perseverance; About how to respect science and teachers; about honesty in pursuing understanding, noble and noble character, and values; and how to respect science and teachers. Concerning the beginning of education, its scope, and discipline, Tawakkal and surrender to God are two words that come to mind when I think of Tawakkal. Concerning the study period; Concerning loving and guiding one another; Concerning the study period; Concerning the study period; Concerning the study period; Take knowledge for example; The current state of study; Things that can both increase and weaken memorization; Things that make it easier to bring good fortune, prolong life, and save energy are all good things. Regarding moral education itself, three broad lines form the foundation of moral education: the Value of Moral Education to Allah SWT; The Value of Moral Education Towards Themselves; and moral education towards fellow creatures.

PORTFOLIO BASED INSTURUCTION THE PERSPECTIVE AND RESPONSE IN TEACHING WRITING FOR SECONDARY HIGH SCHOOL IN MAKASSAR (AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY)

The objectives of this research were to find out the teachers’ perception towards the portfolio based instruction, the data were collected through interview with the senior teacher, an experimental research was applied for this research. The research took place at SMA Negeri 5 Makassar and the data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and the result of the research shows the response of the teacher toward the application or the implementation of portfolio based instruction that The strange of this portfolio because it gives the teacher response about how to measure the progress of the students although the time may be next time it’s mean long time to make teacher remember the students’ have progress when I teach last time now, they can increase, they can improve their knowledge for example writing. By explanation portfolio assessment, it really important student ability, especially in English. And make the teacher to remember the progress of the students step by step. So, at the last time teacher easier to give mark of the student, by seeing for the first time the teacher asks to the students, at last process the students study starting from beginning until the last the teacher can give the students in real mark for the students.

Global and regional drivers of land-use emissions in 1961-2017.

Historically, human uses of land have transformed and fragmented ecosystems1,2, degraded biodiversity3,4, disrupted carbon and nitrogen cycles5,6 and added prodigious quantities of greenhouse gases (GHGs) to the atmosphere7,8. However, in contrast to fossil-fuel carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, trends and drivers of GHG emissions from land management and land-use change (together referred to as 'land-use emissions') have not beenas comprehensively and systematically assessed. Here we present country-, process-, GHG- and product-specific inventories of global land-use emissions from 1961 to 2017, we decompose key demographic, economic and technical drivers of emissions and we assess the uncertainties and the sensitivity of results to different accounting assumptions. Despite steady increases in population (+144 per cent) and agricultural production per capita (+58 per cent), as well as smaller increases in emissions per land area used (+8 per cent), decreases in land required per unit of agricultural production (-70 per cent) kept global annual land-use emissions relatively constant at about 11 gigatonnes CO2-equivalent until 2001. After 2001, driven by rising emissions per land area, emissions increased by 2.4 gigatonnes CO2-equivalent per decade to 14.6 gigatonnes CO2-equivalent in 2017 (about 25 per cent of total anthropogenic GHG emissions). Although emissions intensity decreased in all regions, large differences across regions persist over time. The three highest-emitting regions (Latin America, Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa) dominate global emissions growth from 1961 to 2017, driven by rapid and extensive growth of agricultural production and related land-use change. In addition, disproportionate emissions are related to certain products: beef and a few other red meats supply only 1 per cent of calories worldwide, but account for 25 per cent of all land-use emissions. Even where land-use change emissions are negligible or negative, total per capita CO2-equivalent land-use emissions remain near 0.5tonnes per capita, suggesting the current frontier of mitigation efforts. Our results are consistent with existing knowledge-for example, on the role of population and economic growth and dietary choice-but provide additional insight into regional and sectoral trends.

Substantial Cellular Penetration of Fluorescent Imidazoquinoxalines.

Fluorescent tools have revolutionized our capability to visualize, probe, study, and understand the biological cellular properties, processes and dynamics, enabling researchers to improve their knowledge for example in cancer field. In this paper, we use the peculiar properties of our Imiqualines derivatives to study their cellular penetration and distribution in a human melanoma cell line A375 using confocal microscopy. Preliminary results on colocalization with the potent protein target c-Kit of our lead are also described.

Importance of uncertainty quantification in nuclear fuel behaviour modelling and simulation

Fuel performance codes describe the physical phenomena occurring in fuel during its irradiation in steady-state and transient conditions. In this paper, the principles of the modelling of nuclear fuel behaviour are presented. Many reasons show that it is also important to consider uncertainties in the fuel modelling process. It can be experimental reasons (validation database and material properties determination), uncertainties in the modelling process itself (lack of knowledge for example). This paper also presents several applications of uncertainty quantification and sensitivity analysis applied to fuel behaviour modelling. The first example is about the validation process of the fuel performance code, which results in a quantification of the uncertainty of the calculated quantities. The second application is about the use of the code in safety analysis to determine probabilities of failure considering epistemic and random uncertainties. In the last application, we show how important it is to quantify modelling uncertainties in the calibration process of complex physical models.

Rethinking the Meaning of Concentration-Response Functions and the Estimated Burden of Adverse Health Effects Attributed to Exposure Concentrations.

Four articles by Anenberg etal., Fann etal., Shin etal., and Smith contribute valuable perspectives and syntheses to a large and growing literature that estimates the burden of mortality risks attributed to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) based on estimated epidemiological associations, summarized as concentration-response (C-R) relations. This comment questions the use of C-R relations to predict or estimate how changing exposure concentrations would change responses in a population. C-R associations typically reflect modeling choices, and equally good choices can commonly lead to conflicting conclusions about the signs, significance, and magnitudes of C-R relations and regression coefficients. This indicates that C-R relations do not necessarily reflect underlying stable causal laws useful for making risk predictions, but only choices about how to describe past data, with no uniquely correct choice being determined by the data. Similarly, currently available C-R data typically do not suffice to make valid predictions about how future changes in concentrations will affect responses. These difficulties can be substantially overcome by model ensemble and causal graph modeling and time series methods, but these require different data and knowledge-for example, knowledge of how multiple variables depend on each other, rather than only of how one dependent variable is associated with multiple explanatory variables-than that captured by traditional C-R models or expressible by any single C-R coefficient or curve.

O conhecimento de polígonos e poliedros: uma análise do desempenho de alunos do ensino médio em exemplos e não-exemplos

O artigo pretende mostrar os resultados de uma pesquisa cujo objetivo foi analisar o desempenho de alunos do Ensino Médio na identificação de exemplos e não-exemplos de polígonos e poliedros, tendo em vista os atributos definidores e atributos irrelevantes. Participaram da pesquisa 253 alunos, distribuídos em três séries do Ensino Médio de uma escola pública, que responderam um teste de exemplos e não-exemplos. Posteriormente, foram selecionados seis alunos para serem entrevistados sobre seus conhecimentos a respeito dos exemplos e não-exemplos. Os resultados mostraram que os participantes obtiveram uma média baixa (M = 5,59) na tarefa que exigiu a identificação de exemplos e não-exemplos de polígonos e poliedros. A análise das entrevistas mostrou que a maioria dos alunos considerou que o atributo irrelevante dos polígonos analisados não interferiu na resposta. Contudo, evidencia-se, de modo geral, que esses alunos apresentaram um conhecimento conceitual longe do esperado para esse nível de ensino.

High School Students' Views about Technology

Abstract A representative sample of 26 high school students was interviewed. They were interviewed individually to determine their understanding of the meaning of technology and of differences between science and technology. Questions solicited students' knowledge of examples of science and technology; their knowledge of activities associated with each of these fields and the purposes of each; relationships between science, technology and society; characteristics of scientists and technologists and students' sources of information about each field. Although most students had a good understanding of the general purposes of both science and technology, they were less clear about differences between the products of these fields. Most of the students believed erroneously either that, without science, technology would not exist or that science and technology were one and the same thing. Students' stereotypes of typical scientists were similar to those identified elsewhere in the literature, but no consistent v...