Knowledge management (KM) is increasingly recognized as a critical enabler of sustainable entrepreneurship (SE), particularly for resource-constrained startups. This study conducts a systematic literature review of 76 articles (1651 cumulative citations) at the intersection of KM and SE, focusing on how KM is deemed to support startups in achieving sustainability. The descriptive analysis delineates publication trends, citation patterns, geographical distributions, and methodological orientations, while the content analysis identifies three dominant thematic clusters: (1) KM’s role in fostering innovation and sustainable competitive advantage, (2) sustainability practices linking green orientation to firm performance, and (3) entrepreneurial orientation driving adaptive KM in startups. Guided by the Antecedent-Mediator-Moderator-Consequence (AMMC) framework, KM emerges as a strategic orchestrator that aligns knowledge sharing, acquisition, creation, and application with sustainable objectives through adaptive resource reconfiguration. KM operates as an antecedent and mediator of sustainability outcomes, suggesting that startups prioritize direct KM implementation over contextual adaptations. These practices simultaneously advance economic, social, and environmental dimensions while catalyzing innovation, strategic governance, and organizational resilience across sustainability-driven, social-purpose, and technology-intensive ventures. However, existing KM frameworks often fail to address the specific challenges faced by startups. This study proposes a research agenda to adapt a KM framework explicitly aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals, integrating digital tools and dynamic capabilities to guide SDG-driven performance metrics within startups’ agile knowledge routines. The study offers practical insights for entrepreneurs, policymakers, and educators, emphasizing the strategic importance of KM in driving sustainable growth and innovation in competitive markets, especially for startups.

The Mediating Role of Risk Management in the Relationship between Knowledge Management and the Performance of Egyptian Higher Education Institutions: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach

ObjectiveTo evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of neonatologists in the management of Robin sequence (RS) in order to identify areas that need improvement and enhance the quality of care for infants with RS.DesignCross-sectional survey.SettingA web-based self-reported questionnaire distributed across IndiaParticipantsNeonatologists (n = 1300) across India, involved in the initial stabilization of infants with RS.InterventionNeonatologists were asked to complete the online-based questionnaire with 19 items under 4 domains.Main Outcome MeasureThe descriptive and inferential data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS software version 28 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). The levels of statistical significance were determined using a chi-square test, and multivariate analyses were done to analyze the correlation. P ≤ .05 was considered to be statistically significant.ResultsA total of 1041 valid responses were considered for the survey. The majority of the participants (57.4%) had more than 10 years of experience in their field. Of them, 54% of participants were familiar with the purpose of palatal prostheses, 47% understood their role in mandibular growth, 72% recognized them as the most suitable option for upper airway obstruction. Furthermore, neonatologists in urban areas demonstrated significantly greater knowledge of RS management compared to those in rural or mixed practice settings.ConclusionThis survey highlights significant gaps in neonatologists' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the use of palatal prostheses for airway and feeding management in RS. While awareness exists, further education and training through standardized guidelines are needed to improve understanding and clinical application of this treatment approach across diverse practice settings.

Association of microplastic pollution with coral resilience in the presence of sea surface temperature anomalies.

AI-assisted protocol information extraction for improved accuracy and efficiency in clinical trial workflows.

Survey of equine pasture best management practices and soil fertility in southeast Pennsylvania after the grazing season.

Purpose This paper aims to examine the relationships between sustainability-oriented resources, innovative capabilities and competitiveness, accounting for the mediating roles of responsible innovation and organisational support. Design/methodology/approach The authors used a cross-sectional research design during the fiscal year 2023. Data were gathered from a sample of 493 manufacturing small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) across the European Union (EU), the UK and the USA. Mediation effects were tested using the causal steps approach and path analysis. Findings The empirical evidence proves that both direct and indirect pathways enhance competitiveness, with responsible innovation and organisational support acting as key mediators. Practical implications This research suggests that SME managers should deepen their commitment to responsible innovation by embedding sustainability into business models and daily routines. Furthermore, policymakers should encourage targeted initiatives, such as grants or incentives, to support sustainable transitions and bolster long-term competitiveness. Originality/value Unlike prior research, this study’s dual-path model elucidates how these sustainability-oriented mechanisms enable SMEs to convert internal resources into competitive performance. By adopting a context-sensitive approach across different geopolitical environments, this research offers new insights into how firms can strategically leverage both tangible and intangible resources within diverse institutional frameworks.

Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease with a greater burden in Africa, including Ghana. Female Genital Schistosomiasis (FGS), a gynaecological manifestation of urogenital schistosomiasis, is often missed or misdiagnosed due to similarities with sexually transmitted infections and other gynaecological infections, with limited ease of health worker identification and diagnostic capability. This study assessed healthcare workers' knowledge and diagnostic capacity for FGS in the Central Gonja District of Ghana. A quantitative cross-sectional study sampled 237 healthcare workers from 19 facilities near the Black and the White Volta rivers using a three-phase multistage sampling process. Data was collected via a self-administered Kobo Toolbox questionnaire, focusing on sociodemographic factors, whether facilities had functional screening tools for FGS and health workers' capacity to diagnose and treat these conditions. Analysis was conducted in Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), employing descriptive statistics and Pearson's chi-square tests to assess inferential associations between variables and health workers' knowledge of FGS/schistosomiasis, which served as the main outcome variable. The study involved health workers with a mean age of 31.6 ± 4.18 years, of whom 52.3% were male. Knowledge gaps were significant: only 30% (71/237) demonstrated good understanding of schistosomiasis and merely 16.9% (40/237) showed adequate knowledge of FGS. Despite 91.6% recognition of schistosomiasis ('Bilharzia'), knowledge of genital manifestations lagged severely (FGS: 26.8%, MGS (Male genital schistosomiasis): 18.1%). While demographic factors showed no association, experienced staff demonstrated better FGS knowledge (p = 0.003). Critical health system deficiencies emerged; 74% of facilities lacked laboratories, 90% lacked praziquantel and 100% lacked FGS diagnostic capacity. Even among clinicians, < 43% knew standard FGS treatment and only 1/3 considered FGS in relevant diagnoses. In the Central Gonja District of the savannah region located in the northern part of Ghana, where schistosomiasis prevalence is classified as moderate (10-49%), healthcare workers demonstrated limited knowledge and diagnostic capacity regarding FGS. These findings highlight the need to integrate FGS into reproductive health guidelines, strengthen healthcare worker training and improve diagnostic resources for early detection and management in endemic settings.

Termites play important ecological roles in soil formation and nutrient cycling, but they also cause significant damage to crops and rural infrastructure in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite their economic importance, information on farmers' perceptions, indigenous knowledge, and local termite management practices remains limited in many termite-prone areas of Ethiopia. Therefore, this study assessed farmers' perceptions of termite infestation, its impacts, and indigenous management practices in Dodota district, Southeast Ethiopia. A household questionnaire survey was conducted using 120 randomly selected households determined through Cochran's sampling formula at a 95% confidence level and 5% margin of error. Field data were collected from April to May 2025 through household interviews and focus group discussions. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 26 software. The study assessed farmers' knowledge of termite biology, perceptions of termite impacts, crop susceptibility, indigenous control practices, and the ecological importance of termites in the agricultural landscape. Most respondents were male (88.3%), married (95.8%), and within the middle-aged category of 34-60 years (65.8%). All farmers were aware of termites, and 91.7% correctly associated mound construction with termite activity. Farmers used three major criteria to identify different termite castes: body size (66.7%), body structure (16.7%), and feeding tunnels (10.0%). The major negative impacts reported by farmers included land consumption due to mound formation (43.3%), crop destruction (36.7%), and damage to homes (13.3%). Farmers also recognized several beneficial effects of termites, including improvement of soil porosity (22.5%), soil moisture retention (15.8%), and soil fertility (5.8%). Indigenous termite control practices included application of wood ash (6.7%), smoking termite mounds (13.3%), addition of organic matter (16.7%), destruction of mounds and removal of queens (6.7%), and promotion of natural predators (9.2%). Farmers possessed substantial indigenous knowledge of termite occurrence, impacts, and management practices. Integrating this knowledge with scientifically validated and environmentally sustainable approaches could improve termite management in smallholder farming systems. Future research should focus on evaluating indigenous practices and developing locally adaptable integrated termite management strategies.

Purpose This study aims to investigate the relationship between artificial intelligence (AI) adoption and digital knowledge management (DKM) performance through the mediating role of digital knowledge capability. Additionally, it examines the moderation of digital culture on the association between digital knowledge capacity and DKM performance, as well as the moderation of AI familiarity on the association between AI adoption and digital knowledge capability. Design/methodology/approach Using a quantitative study design with a time-lag approach, data were gathered in two waves. Finally, 378 senior managers of palm oil-producing firms in Malaysia responded. Findings The findings show that AI adoption positively relates to DKM performance through the mediating role of digital knowledge capability. Furthermore, the association between digital knowledge competency and AI adoption is strengthened by AI familiarity. Additionally, the link between digital knowledge competency and DKM performance is considerably moderated by digital culture. Practical implications In this contemporary digital era, managers in the palm oil sector may benefit from the findings of this study by achieving greater digital knowledge capability and DKM performance while using advanced digital technologies. Originality/value The current research extends the existing knowledge-based view (KBV) theory regarding the effects of organizational knowledge and the adoption of AI. The study also enhances the dynamic capability theory by analyzing the role of knowledge processes induced by AI in organizational pervasiveness and agility in using digital knowledge assets.

Citizens depend on high-quality healthcare; however, significant disparities in quality persist among healthcare organisations. Healthcare services are complex organisations, making it essential to employ knowledge management as a strategic resource. This develops competent professionals capable of performing tasks effectively, thereby directly impacting the quality of care. Within this framework, organisational learning (OL) emerges as a key concept, referring to an institution's ability to continuously reshape its knowledge over time without losing its organisational memory, thus fostering change and constant adaptation. To identify and map OL models within healthcare environments. Research articles, narrative reviews, systematic reviews, observational studies or any other research relevant to the topic will be included. There will be no language or time restrictions in the selection of studies. The search will be conducted through PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, CINAHL, APA PsycINFO, Cochrane and grey literature (Google Scholar and OpenGrey.eu). Three authors (MTdA, ABBG and BSL) will independently screen the search results using titles and abstracts. Duplicate studies will be excluded. The same authors will then review the full texts to determine whether the studies meet the inclusion criteria. Discrepancies will be resolved by two other reviewers (KSdM and RLAdV). Finally, the selection process will be summarised in a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flow diagram. OPEN SCIENCE FRAMEWORK OSF: https://DOI.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/GH6JZ.

ABSTRACT Based on the conservation of resource theory (COR), this study explores the double-edged effect of work gamification on knowledge hiding among gig workers. Utilizing a three-stage field study, 422 food delivery workers and ride-hailing drivers participated in the survey. This study revealed a U-shaped relationship between work gamification and gig worker knowledge hiding, with work alienation serving as the mediating mechanism. This study reveals for the first time the dual effects of work gamification on knowledge hiding among gig workers and highlights the critical role of work alienation in this dynamic, opening the possibility of obtaining a more refined understanding of the strengths and weaknesses associated with work gamification. This study also helps the platforms continue to practice and innovate in the form of work gamification, heightening the sense of meaning and freshness among gig workers, thereby improving knowledge management.

ABSTRACT This study examines the transformative potential of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) on the knowledge management (KM) systems and capabilities in organizations. GAI enables efficient processing and summarization of an organization’s proprietary data, generating actionable outputs and further insights (i.e. new data) for its knowledge workers. This improved visibility and leverage to organizational data has the potential to establish a better understanding of what an organization knows and to discover and integrate latent knowledge, leading to, e.g. enhanced KM and better-informed, more consistent, and quicker decisions. However, to reap the potential benefits of GAI, organizations must go beyond the mere adoption of this new digital technology. Organizations should first prepare and transform themselves to enhance their readiness for integrating GAI into their knowledge-related processes and work practices. We argue that KM, both its capability and system views, takes a key role in this transformation. Accordingly, we describe how GAI augments organizational KM capabilities and systems, and how these capabilities and systems act as catalysts for successful GAI use and value creation. In essence, this study outlines the steps for successful KM and GAI integration in organizations and suggests alternative starting points and configurations to achieve it.

The authors aimed to evaluate dentists' knowledge of, diagnostic confidence in, perception of, and clinical management for molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) across countries with varying income levels and identify predictors of MIH familiarity. A cross-sectional online survey was distributed from February 2024 through July 2025 to general dentists, pediatric dentists, and endodontists in 19 countries representing all World Bank income groups. A validated questionnaire assessed demographic characteristics, MIH knowledge using an 85-point scale, diagnostic confidence, perceptions, and management. Data were analyzed using χ2 and Mann-Whitney U tests and generalized linear models. A total of 4,056 dentists participated. Familiarity and diagnostic confidence increased with country income level (P < .001) and were highest among pediatric dentists (P < .001). Knowledge scores varied; they were higher among dentists from higher-income countries, women, pediatric dentists, and those aged 31 through 40 years, with 5 or more years of experience, working in public settings, and holding advanced degrees (all, P < .001). Enamel hypoplasia was the common diagnostic challenge, and fewer than one-half reported using established MIH criteria. Preventive and minimally invasive strategies were frequent in high- and upper-middle-income countries, whereas low- and lower-middle-income dentists relied on basic restorative materials and extensive tissue removal. Pulpal therapy followed standard protocols, although conservative vital pulpal therapy was common in upper-middle-income settings. Respondents from high-income countries cited technical failures often, and those from low-income countries reported greater behavioral barriers. Regression analysis confirmed income level, specialty, and experience as predictors of familiarity and confidence. Substantial global disparities exist in MIH knowledge, diagnostic confidence, and clinical management strategies. Improved training and resource-appropriate guidelines are essential to reduce inequities in MIH care. The authors highlight the need for targeted training and context-specific guidelines to improve MIH diagnosis, confidence, and management, particularly in low-income settings.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects 36% to 50% across all backgrounds, yet only 30% of graduate programs offer IPV training. This interprofessional simulation aimed to improve Doctor of Nursing Practice-Family Nurse Practitioner (DNP-FNP) students' knowledge, attitudes, and skills in IPV identification and management while promoting collaboration with police, social workers, and advocates. Twenty-two DNP-FNP students completed pre- and postintervention Physician Readiness to Manage Intimate Partner Violence Surveys (PREMIS). The four-station high-fidelity simulation included patient interview, physical examination (revealing moulage bruise), assessment, and reporting, followed by debriefing and Danger Assessment training and reflective assignments. Students reported high satisfaction (4.7 to 4.8 on a 5-point scale). Perceived preparation and knowledge improved greatly (p = .0000); actual knowledge increased from 78.4% to 82.8%. The simulation greatly enhanced readiness to address IPV, supporting expansion to more than 275 participants and potential improvements in identification, interprofessional collaboration, and victim outcomes.

The burden of type-2 diabetes (T2D) and hypertension (HTN) in Cambodia is a major concern. The government and donors have introduced several interventions, yet human resource shortages hamper their implementation. Community health workers (CHWs) can be a valuable additional resource for health in T2D and HTN management. The current study aimed to assess (1) CHWs’ knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) in T2D and HTN management and (2) the potential health system barriers for incorporating CHWs in T2D and HTN management. This mixed-method study comprised a survey among 153 active CHWs to assess their KAP towards T2D and HTN, and semi-structured interviews with key informants were conducted to understand the challenges of the health system and propose solutions in incorporating CHWs in T2D and HTN management. Approximately 90% of CHWs correctly answered general knowledge questions on NCDs, risk factors, and prevention; however, only around 20–40% correctly answered questions on family history or tobacco use as risk factors. Most respondents appeared to have positive attitudes and have been practicing some activities related to T2D and HTN. Both financial and non-financial resource constraints were cited as challenges of the health system; therefore, re-structuring the definition of CHWs’ roles and responsibilities, and assessing the need and workload have been proposed as ways forward to effectively incorporate CHWs in T2D and HTN care. CHWs in Cambodia have shown their potential in T2D and HTN management; however, a well-designed strategy, including technical training, clearly defined roles and responsibilities, and strong support structure, is important to maximize their potential in the health system.

Based on the analytical quality by design (AQbD) concept, a quantitative fingerprint method was developed simultaneously for two types of materials used in the pharmaceutical manufacturing process of Qiwei Fangjihuangqi Granule (QFG), namely the intermediate and the preparation. A structured literature analysis strategy was applied for prior knowledge management, in which 351 publications involving 366 analytical methods were systematically analyzed to establish optimized initial conditions. A definitive screening design (DSD) was subsequently employed to identify six critical method parameters (CMPs), and stepwise regression was used to establish quantitative models between critical quality attributes (CQAs) and CMPs, all exhibiting R2 values greater than 0.90. A method operable design region (MODR) was then constructed based on acceptable risk thresholds combined with Monte Carlo simulations and successfully validated. Under the optimized analytical conditions, thirteen components derived from six medicinal materials were quantitatively determined, and the established method was successfully applied to ten batches of QFG, yielding fingerprint similarity values ranging from 0.988 to 1.000. The proposed prior-knowledge management strategy provides a feasible approach for AQbD-based analytical method development in the research and development of new Chinese medicines.

Across African countries and contexts, there is robust evidence of how forests and trees can support people's diets. In particular, indigenous food trees are an important source of micronutrient-rich fruits, leaves, nuts, and seeds. Yet in large-scale landscape restoration projects, these species are often overlooked in favor of exotic, fast-growing tree species—limiting the potential of restoration initiatives to co-address biodiversity loss and malnutrition. With local practitioners in Malawi, we explore challenges to and opportunities for better integration of indigenous food trees in landscape restoration projects. We argue that scientists, policymakers, and restoration practitioners should focus on three primary domains for greater knowledge management and capacity building: (i) tree propagation, (ii) improving seedling survival rates, and (iii) value chain development for tree-based foods. Targeted support for incorporating indigenous food trees in these areas can help promote synergies between human and ecological health in natural resource management agendas.

Domestication and conservation research often relies on single-species frameworks, which can obscure how Indigenous management practices applied to multiple related taxa may interact to shape shared gene pools. Studies of crops such as manioc/cassava (Manihot esculenta), yam (Dioscorea spp.), sorghum (Sorghum spp.), and Amazonian treegourd (Crescentia spp.) demonstrate that domestication frequently involves interactions among multiple cultivated and wild or semi-managed relatives. However, little is known about how these dynamics operate within the genus Xanthosoma, particularly in the Ecuadorian upper Amazon, a key center of diversity and domestication history for the genus. This gap limits understanding of how Indigenous management practices may influence the maintenance, erosion, or redirection of genetic diversity, with implications for crop improvement, resilience under changing environmental conditions, and the identification of underutilized plant resources. We combined ethnobotanical fieldwork in the Runa community of Mondayacu-including structured and unstructured interviews, participant observation, and genus-focused walks-with a national-level syntheses of herbarium records and ethnobotanical literature to contextualize Xanthosoma diversity and use across Ecuador. Interview responses were topically coded and summarized as aggregated frequencies, with patterns visualized using bar graphs. Descriptive statistics summarized reported management, while qualitative quotations and participant observation grounded interpretation. Participants reported no current cultivation of Xanthosoma sagittifolium, despite its historical importance in Mondayacu and broader global use. In contrast, participants described a spectrum of management practices for lalu (Xanthosoma purpureomaculatum), ranging from eradication to selective retention for medicinal, zootechnical, and ritual uses. Lalu was the most commonly observed Xanthosoma species during fieldwork and was perceived as highly persistent, rapidly regrowing and spreading across forests and semi-managed areas. Decisions to remove or retain plants were trait- and context-dependent, with individuals exhibiting desirable characteristics (e.g., large, deep green leaves, minimal pest damage) preferentially spared or relocated near houses or gardens. National-level herbarium and ethnobotanical synthesis documented broader Xanthosoma species diversity, multifunctional uses, and possible selection pressures across Ecuadorian Amazonian Indigenous groups. Building on evidence from other crop systems, our findings suggest that domestication dynamics in Xanthosoma are not fully captured by a single-species framework. In a key center of Xanthosoma diversity and domestication history, differential management of multiple related species may contribute to shaping patterns of persistence and diversity within the genus. While this study does not directly measure genetic change, it identifies ethnobotanical processes that may influence the distribution and maintenance of diversity across related taxa, including those in secondary and less-studied gene pools. Approaches that account for genus-level diversity and Indigenous management practices may therefore improve understanding of domestication processes and support conservation of genetic diversity, crop improvement, and the identification of underutilized plant resources. These findings also contribute to decolonizing domestication research by highlighting how Indigenous knowledge systems and management practices shape the structure and future of crop diversity.

Epilepsy is one of the most prevalent neurological conditions in pediatric populations, and its management extends beyond seizure control to encompass comorbidities, psychosocial well-being, and long-term care. In the West Bank, Palestine, limited availability of pediatric neurologists means that general pediatricians often serve as the primary point of contact for children with epilepsy. Despite this critical role, no study has comprehensively assessed epilepsy knowledge among pediatricians in this setting. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and awareness of epilepsy management, etiologies, and comorbidities among pediatricians practicing in the West Bank. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among 246 pediatric residents, general pediatricians, and pediatric subspecialists from November 2025 to March 2026. A validated questionnaire covering five knowledge domains (etiology, long-term management, comorbidities, quality of life, and first-aid management) was administered. Responses were classified as correct or incorrect, and composite scores were calculated for each domain. Group comparisons were performed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests, with post-hoc pairwise comparisons where applicable. The overall aggregate correct response rate was 71.3%, with a median total score of 18 out of 25. Respondents performed best in first-aid management (81.6%) and long-term management (76.5%), while the lowest scores were observed in quality of life (55.2%) and comorbidities (67.7%). Notable gaps included low recognition of social difficulties (33.7%), increased aggression (34.1%), and comorbid hyperactivity (46.3%) in children with epilepsy, as well as incomplete awareness of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy, recognized by only 62.6% of respondents. Kruskal-Wallis tests revealed significant differences by professional role for etiology (p < 0.001), long-term management (p = 0.019), and total score (p = 0.021). Age and medical school location showed no significant associations with knowledge scores, while gender was associated with a significant difference only in the quality of life domain (p = 0.020). Palestinian pediatricians demonstrate moderate overall epilepsy knowledge but exhibit clinically meaningful gaps in recognizing psychosocial consequences and comorbidities. These findings highlight the need for targeted continuing medical education programs and curricular reforms in pediatric residency training, with emphasis on the psychosocial dimensions and comorbidity burden of childhood epilepsy.