Knowledge-based Development Research Articles

Facilitating business model transformation: Theory, operators, and patterns

Understanding Business Models (BMs) has become an essential capability for organizations seeking to drive growth, revitalize a lagging core or defend against industry disruption. However, this concept still has multiple interpretations, as it is often intertwined with others, like business strategy (BS), making it difficult for stakeholders to understand and re-design their own BMs. In fact, current tools including taxonomies, have encountered difficulties in providing mechanisms to guide this process. Seeking to contribute with the strengthening of the theoretical basis and with tools to transform BMs, in this work, we follow a Design Science Research (DSR) approach to provide a theoretical foundation for the concepts of BM, Business Model Patterns (BMPs), and BS under a formal conceptual representation. In doing so, we propose a language to describe a BM and we introduce a set of mechanisms to transform BMs. Finally, we provide a collection of BMPs that serve as the foundation for the application of these mechanisms. Thus, we aim to contribute to the development of a solid knowledge base to be used as a source of inspiration when restructuring, specializing, or creating new BMs.

The role and position of universities in the provincial ecosystem of knowledge-based development:Theoretical framework and its application for West Azarbaijan province

National development is the result of local and provincial development. In today's era, which is known as the age of knowledge, local and provincial development takes place only within the framework of the provincial ecosystem of knowledge-based development. In many developed countries, universities are the most important actors and beneficiaries of this ecosystem. But the role and position of Iranian universities in this type of ecosystem is not very clear and it seems that they do not have a favorable role and position. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to verify this hypothesis. For this purpose, the technique of "stakeholder interaction analysis" and the study data of West Azarbaijan province have been used. The findings of the research show that the universities of West Azarbaijan province do not have a proper role and position in the knowledge-based development ecosystem of this province. In fact, such an ecosystem is very poorly formed in this province.

Validation of the Sport Motivation Scale-II: Implications for the Portuguese Youth Sport System

Based on the tenets of self-determination theory, the Sport Motivation Scale-II is an 18-item instrument that consists of six subscales. Despite the numerous studies that have been conducted using self-determination theory in organized youth sport contexts, measures available to assess self-determined forms of motivation across socio-cultural contexts are scarce. This is particularly important because there are socio-cultural contexts that have diverse reward systems, competitive structures, and convey different social norms, values, and cultural nuances. The existence of measures available to assess self-determined forms of motivation across socio-cultural contexts may enable the development of a robust knowledge base that informs research-to-practice partnerships and potential changes across a complex youth sport landscape. The present study aimed to validate the factor structure of the Sport Motivation Scale-II with a sample of 239 Portuguese adolescent athletes. The participants’ ages ranged between 12 and 17 years old ( M = 14.39; SD = 1.35). Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to achieve the aim of this study. Findings showed that the six-factor model used by the authors presents a good adjustment concerning sports participants’ level of motivation toward sports practice. Moving forward, the Sport Motivation Scale-II may be used in future studies to help provide an understanding about athletes’ self-determination. Several practical and theoretical implications are provided.

Knowledge Base Development for Second Language Learning in the 3D Virtual Space

In our study first we provide a short overview of the 3D virtual library project which started about ten years ago as part of the Cognitive Infocommunications (CogInfoCom) research. The current implementation of the virtual library model exploits the 3D features of the MaxWhere Seminar System. In our study we would like to summarize the classroom experiences that we brought together in teaching English as a second language for students of computer science majors at the Faculty of Informatics, University of Debrecen in the academic year of 2020 and 2021. Our main purpose was to improve the students’ linguistic knowledge and to collect their opinions and suggestions about the content of the learning material of our virtual library and where they think is necessary to modify it. Summarizing their views, we decided to add further vocabulary items, contexts and explanations to the material. In addition, their achievements proved that successful language learning needs carefully prepared tests and exercises which support self-assessment and increase motivation. In general, the more tests are available the more efficient the learning process is. But preparing good and varied tests manually is a relatively slow and exhausting work. Therefore, we intended to use JavaScript technology to develop an algorithm which can generate tests and exercises automatically, based on the knowledge base of the virtual library.

Enhancing BRICS Scientific and Educational Potential as a Prerequisite for Knowledge-Based Development and Digital Leadership

Enhancing BRICS Scientific and Educational Potential as a Prerequisite for Knowledge-Based Development and Digital Leadership

Enhancing BRICS scientific and educational potential as a prerequisite for knowledge-based development and digital leadership

Enhancing BRICS scientific and educational potential as a prerequisite for knowledge-based development and digital leadership

Design for additive manufacturing knowledgebase development and its application for material extrusion

Design for additive manufacturing knowledgebase development and its application for material extrusion

A survey of the recent trends in deep learning for literature based discovery in the biomedical domain

Every day, enormous amounts of biomedical texts discussing various biomedical topics are produced. Revealing strong semantic connections hidden in those unstructured data is essential for many interesting applications such as knowledge base development for the biomedical domain as well as drug repurposing and drug–disease associations. Literature based discovery (LBD) is a well-known paradigm that refers to the issues of finding new hidden knowledge in scientific literature by connecting pieces of semantically-related information belonging to independent documents. This challenging research area has been extensively investigated by the research community and different proposals adopting natural language processing, text mining, machine learning and recently deep learning have been developed. This paper exploits a very focused task, it surveys a collection of research papers published in the recent years that have adopted Deep Learning for literature based discovery as an effective technique to discover new relationships between existing knowledge in biomedical domain. The study provides an analysis of the key characteristics of each work surveyed, including the Literature based discovery application area, the deep learning method used, the type of analyzed data, and the results obtained. Recognizing the significance of Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs), another primary aim of this paper is to offer an extensive overview of the latest developments in pre-trained language models within the field of biomedicine. This focus will primarily be on how they are applied to downstream tasks associated with Literature-Based Discovery in the biomedical domain. Additionally, the survey highlights the key drawbacks of the current state-of-the-art proposals, as well as the challenges that require further study by the research community.

RESULTS OF DETERMINING THE HARDNESS OF THE SEED COAT OF GRAINS GROWN IN MONGOLIA

The objectives of the long-term development policy of Mongolia "VISION-2050" include scientific and knowledge-based development of agricultural production with the sight of sustainable development, the ability to transform knowledge into practice, the introduction of advanced technologies and innovations, the extension of agricultural raw materials and products in a foreign market, suspending the import of certain types of raw materials and products, and increasing exports.In order to determine the hardness of grain seeds, carried out 3-5 repeated experiments and measurements on the laboratory equipment for each grain grade after considering the different levels of moisture and made mathematical and statistical analysis on data of collected samples and processed experiment results.

Development of a context-specific knowledge base for Inherently Safer Design (ISD) in confined spaces: A resource for designers and end users

Confined space work is an important activity in various industries and a significant cause of workplace fatalities worldwide. Accidents and fatalities persist despite international standards, regulations, and efforts to improve safety in confined spaces. To address this issue, it is crucial to understand and disseminate knowledge on accident prevention strategies for confined spaces, to raise awareness among safety practitioners, and to harmonize communication between designers and end-users to anticipate OHS risks throughout a structure's lifecycle. Besides, confined spaces are unique and context-dependent, which affects the flexibility of their design and modifications. This paper introduces a Confined Space Permanent Collective Protection (CSPCP) knowledge base as a set of design-oriented principles and sub-principles that can be integrated into confined spaces to protect workers. It incorporates data from legislative and normative safety management frameworks, Inherently Safer Design (ISD) principles, literature-based solutions, expert knowledge, and contextual guidance on 112 CSPCP solutions based on the analysis of 19 case studies. This guidance is finally presented as a relational database, considering input from experts and client-side designers to understand the advantages and limitations of CSPCP for retrofitting confined spaces or designing and manufacturing new ones. Moreover, it provides owners, designers, and safety specialists access through flexible queries to help them balance safety, profitability, and investment.

Prioritising and planning scale-up research projects targeting non-communicable diseases: a mixed-method study by the Global Alliance for Chronic Diseases upscaling working group

IntroductionGovernments must scale-up evidence-based interventions to reduce the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Implementation research can help develop contextually appropriate strategies and optimise interventions for scale-up. We aimed to determine...

Knowledge Base for Classroom Preparedness: Analyzing Initial English Language Teacher Education in Kyrgyzstan

This study examines the extent to which the Initial English Language Teacher Education (IELTE) program curriculum facilitates the development of the necessary knowledge base to ensure prospective English language teachers’ classroom preparedness. Data were collected through curricular analysis of four IELTE programs and semi-structured interviews with four program directors and 10 early career English teachers to evaluate IELTE program effectiveness to prepare teachers, at least, entry-level teaching. Findings indicate that contextual factors such as rigid national policy documents, teacher educators’ limited competencies and their role in curriculum development and implementation, the status of the IELTE programs within the universities, lack of collaboration between IELTE programs and schools contributed to the inefficiency of IELTE programs to ensure prospective English teachers’ classrooms preparedness. Thus, English teachers were not prepared to carry out their jobs effectively because the knowledge base that prospective teachers acquire and develop through the IELTE program did not correspond to what they need in their classrooms for effective teaching.

Fuzzy logic in the decision-making tasks of connecting renewable energy sources into the electricity supply system

The Third and Fourth EU Energy Packages, as well as the Energy Strategy of Ukraine “Safety, Energy Efficiency, Competitiveness” until 2035, define the development of electricity production using renewable energy sources among the priorities of the energy sector. In this situation, the decision-making process on the integration of renewable energy sources into the electricity supply system is of particular importance. The article develops a fuzzy model for assessing the risks of connecting (integration) renewable energy sources to the power supply system. The toolkit, based on logical rules, allows modeling various connection options. The data obtained can then be used to set requirements for the parameters of the electrical installation at the stage of issuing technical specifications to the customer. The modeling results demonstrate the adequacy of the developed knowledge base and the possibility of using it to develop a methodology for the controlled and efficient connection of renewable energy sources to the power grid.

Knowledge inheritance in disciplines: Quantifying the successive and distant reuse of references

AbstractHow the knowledge base of disciplines grows, renews, and decays informs their distinct characteristics and epistemology. Here we track the evolution of knowledge bases of 19 disciplines for over 45 years. We introduce the notation of knowledge inheritance as the overlap in the set of references between years. We discuss two modes of knowledge inheritance of disciplines—successive and distant. To quantify the status and propensity of knowledge inheritance for disciplines, we propose two indicators: one descriptively describes knowledge base evolution, and one estimates the propensity of knowledge inheritance. When observing the continuity in knowledge bases for disciplines, we show distinct patterns for STEM and SS&H disciplines: the former inherits knowledge bases more successively, yet the latter inherits significantly from distant knowledge bases. We further discover stagnation or revival in knowledge base evolution where older knowledge base ceases to decay after 10 years (e.g., Physics and Mathematics) and are increasingly reused (e.g., Philosophy). Regarding the propensity of inheriting prior knowledge bases, we observe unanimous rises in both successive and distant knowledge inheritance. We show that knowledge inheritance could reveal disciplinary characteristics regarding the trajectory of knowledge base evolution and interesting insights into the metabolism and maturity of scholarly communication.

Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model in the evaluation of English teaching quality

Evaluating English teaching quality is vital for improving knowledge-based developments through communication for different aged students. Teaching quality assessment relies on the teachers’ and students’ features for constructive progression. With the development of computational intelligence, optimization and machine learning techniques are widely adapted for teaching quality assessment. In this article, a Quality-centric Assessment Model aided by Fuzzy Optimization (QAM-FO) is designed. This optimization approach validates the student-teacher features for a balanced model assessment. The distinguishable features for improving students’ oral and verbal communication from different teaching levels (basic, intermediate, and proficient) are extracted. The extracted features are the crisp input for the fuzzy optimization such that the recurring fuzzification detains the least fit feature. Such features are replaced by the level-based teaching and performance feature that differs from the previous fuzzy input. This replacement is pursued until a maximum recommendable feature (performance/ learning) is identified. The identified feature is applicable for different teaching levels for improving the quality assessment. Therefore, the proposed optimization approach provides different feasible recommendations for teaching improvements.

Research and Design of Planning Systems in the AORBCO Model

Abstract Planning research in artificial intelligence began earlier, dating back to 1969, and the general problem solver (GPS) designed by Newell and Simon [1]. Since then, other researchers have also proposed other planners, such as QA3 system using theorem proving method to construct planning[2], Fikes and Nilsson designed STRIPS planning system [3], until today STRIPS planning method is still only a very important research method in the field of planning. After more than 50 years of research, there have been many intelligent planning methods such as graph planning method, probability planning, timing planning, heuristic planning and perceptual planning. Although the existing intelligent planning methods have been able to solve some problems, the existing planning mainly focuses on the design of the planning algorithm, and the manual analysis preprocessing workload is large. Research has pointed out that the new generation of intelligent planners should be knowledge-based development of knowledge-based planning systems is a meaningful work [4]. Therefore, by analyzing the existing intelligent planning methods and AORBCO model, this paper gives the definition of intelligent planning with self-consciousness, and proposes an intelligent planning method based on self-consciousness based on behavior control.

Knowledge Base on Species Life Traits: A Spanish/French Plinian Core implementation use case

The French “Traits” working group was created in 2021 to support the development of the national knowledge base on species life traits managed by the PatriNat department*1, to identify and implement a suitable standard for managing and sharing species life traits (including interactions) at the national, then international, level. Its core members are part of several PatriNat teams (Species Knowledge, Dissemination & Mediation, Coordination of Information Systems), as well as other French research units*2 working on the topic of traits and ontologies. The Plinian Core (Plinian Core Task Group 2021) was first discussed in 2004 and its development began in 2005–2006 when the first version was deployed as a collaboration between InBIO*3 (Costa Rica) and GBIF Spain*4. It reuses and extends the Darwin Core vocabulary (Wieczorek et al. 2012, Darwin Core Maintenance Interest Group 2014) to describe different aspects of biological species information, that is, all kinds of properties or traits related to taxa, including biological and non-biological species traits. The Plinian Core was discussed with Dr Pando (convener of the TDWG Plinian Core Task Group*5) during one of the Traits working group meetings, and was found to be relevant to the French species life traits database (currently in development). The Traits working group future works will be following the example of the Plinian Core-based EIDOS database*6 (Spanish Ministry for the Ecological Transition), which allows for detailed species pages with distinct information sections (e.g., interactions, taxonomy, legal status, conservation). This collaboration resulted in a Capacity Enhancement Support Programme project submission (GBIF 2023) between French and Spanish partners, allowing for the consolidation of both the infrastructure and the sharing process of species life traits for taxa found on all French territories, as well as European Union territories. Additionally, this is an opportunity to provide information to GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility) through a new update of the TAXREF (Gargominy 2022) national checklist, one of the core constituents of the GBIF Backbone Taxonomy (GBIF 2022). Species life traits and interactions will be added thanks to the new Plinian Core extension implemented on the GBIF Integrated Publishing Toolkit (IPT),*7 and an Atlas of Living Australia’s architecture BIE (Biodiversity Information Explorer) module*8 developed by Costa Rica in the context of a Capacity Enhancement Support Programme (CESP) project carried out with SIBBR*9 (GBIF Brasil).

Predicting the development of digital media PCK/TPACK: The role of PCK, motivation to use digital media, interest in and previous experience with digital media

In today's digital age, incorporating technology in teaching has become increasingly important. To prepare future teachers, understanding the factors that influence the development of teachers' corresponding knowledge base is crucial. However, not only is there a small number of studies investigating the development of pre-service teachers' professional knowledge, but these studies also predominantly rely on cross-sectional and/or self-reported data. This pre-post study investigated the factors associated with the development of digital media Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) in physics teacher education through a seminar-based approach with N = 66 pre-service teachers (PSTs). Investigated factors include PSTs' PCK about students' conceptions (PCK-SC), general motivation to use digital media, interest in digital media, and previous experience with digital media. The findings suggest that a strong foundation in various aspects of PCK is essential for the development of digital media PCK, as PSTs' PCK-SC has proven to be a positive predictor for the development of PTSs' digital media PCK. Surprisingly, the study found that higher motivation to use digital media negatively affects the development of digital media PCK, suggesting that excessive motivation may hinder the acquisition of digital media PCK. Additionally, the study found that PSTs' interest in digital media positively influenced the development of digital media PCK, while previous experience with digital media had a negative impact on its development. The study suggests that future research should focus on investigating the general professional knowledge of PSTs and identifying the proficiency levels of PCK needed for the development of digital media PCK. It also emphasizes the importance of considering both, cognitive and affective aspects of teacher preparation, as seminars that solely focus on motivation may not be adequate in fostering effective technology integration. The study recommends that seminars on digital media integration should be situated at later stages of teacher education or after introductory courses that cover other facets of PCK. Furthermore, integrated seminars addressing multiple facets of PCK alongside digital media PCK could be explored in future research. Overall, this study provides insights into the factors influencing PSTs' development of digital media PCK and suggests avenues for further research to improve the integration of digital media in teaching practices for enhanced student learning outcomes.

Effectiveness of multimedia courses in improving self-care among patients with breast cancer undergoing radiotherapy

BackgroundNinety percent of patients receiving radiation therapy experience side effects. Busy schedules and intensive health education programs may lead to incomplete education content delivery and inaccurate patient self-care implementation. This study investigated whether multimedia health education improves the accuracy of patient self-care implementation compared with paper-based education.MethodsFrom March 11, 2020 to February 28, 2021, 110 patients were randomly divided into experimental and control groups, each comprising 55 participants. Paper-based materials were used along with multimedia materials. Radiology self-care awareness questionnaires were administered to both groups before the first treatment and on day 10. The differences in radiology self-care awareness between the two groups was analyzed with inferential statistics, independent t tests, categorical data, and Pearson’s chi-squared test. Differences between the two groups were considered significant at a p value of < 0.05.ResultsThe treatment accuracy rate improved from 10.9 to 79.1% in the control group and from 24.8 to 98.5% in the experimental group, indicating an improvement in both groups. The difference was significant. These results indicate that the intervention could improve the effectiveness of self-care.ConclusionsParticipants who used pretreatment multimedia health education exhibited a higher rate of having a correct understanding of treatment self-care than did the control group. These findings can inform the development of a patient-centered cancer treatment knowledge base for improved quality of care.

Urban Smartness and City Performance: Identifying Brazilian Smart Cities through a Novel Approach

While smart city transformation is a remarkably popular topic among urban policymakers across the globe, there is little evidence on how to evaluate a city’s smartness level accurately. This study aims to bridge this knowledge gap by applying a novel assessment framework to a case study context and generating useful insights. To achieve this aim, the study evaluates the smartness levels of 27 Brazilian state capital cities through the indicators of productivity and innovation, livability and well-being, sustainability and accessibility, governance and planning, and connectivity and innovation. This urban smartness analysis is conducted through a smart city assessment framework that brings up three categories of smart city performance types—i.e., leading, following, and developing. The findings of the analysis revealed that the common characteristics of cities with leading smartness performance are having: (a) a strong innovation ecosystem; (b) Specific legislation for developing entrepreneurship; (c) Training opportunities for skilled labor; and (d) Conditions for knowledge-based development and digital transformation offerings and readiness. The analysis identified the smartest cities in Brazil as follows: Florianópolis, São Paulo, Vitória, Curitiba, Porto Alegre, Brasília, Belo Horizonte, Rio de Janeiro, and Cuiabá. This study offers insights from the application of a novel method in the Brazilian context for the local authorities to consider adopting for smart city performance and progress analyses and subsequently making necessary interventions to transform their smart city policy and practice to realize their desired goals.