Kiwifruit Research Articles

Impact of pulsed electric fields (PEF) treatment on the peeling ability of tomatoes and kiwi fruits

Peeling is a standard food processing operation that removes the outer layer of fruits and vegetables. It can improve the appearance and texture of many fruits and vegetables and is often necessary for further food preparation. Developing new and innovative peeling methods to minimise losses and enhance product quality is an area of active research in the food industry. The objective of this study was to evaluate how PEF affects the peeling ability of tomatoes and kiwi fruits, as well as the chemical and physical characteristics of the resulting peeled products. In detail, monopolar exponential decay pulses were applied, with an electric field strength of 1.0 kV/cm and a resulting total energy input in the range of 0.6 and 5.0 kJ/kg for tomatoes and 1.2 and 12.6 kJ/kg for kiwi fruits. Two methods were used to compare the effectiveness of PEF treatments with traditional peeling methods: hot-water blanching (98°C for 60 s) and lye peeling (98°C for 45 s, in 2% NaOH solution). The peeling efficiency was evaluated through manual and mechanical methods as well as measuring weight loss. The quality of the final peeled product was assessed by mechanical properties of the pericarp, colour (L*, a*, b* scale), ascorbic acid content, chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids, total polyphenols content and antioxidant activity. The PEF treatment applied to whole red tomatoes (1.0 kV/cm, 5.0 kJ/kg) and whole kiwi fruits (1.0 kV/cm, 12.6 kJ/kg) resulted in a significant decrease (p≤ 0.05) of up to 43% and 83% in the force required for mechanical peeling, respectively. The PEF treatment showed comparable or superior peeling ability and significantly reduced product losses compared to hot-water blanching and lye peeling methods. However, the softening and the weight losses tend to increase by increasing the pulses for both investigated matrices. Moreover, by applying PEF instead of blanching or lye peeling, the chemical quality and the colour were better preserved (ΔE < 2). This study proved that PEF could be a promising non-thermal technology to better peel tomatoes and kiwi fruits without affecting their final quality. Consequently, applying PEF as a treatment to facilitate peeling has remarkable potential as an industrial application to reduce energy consumption and issues related to wastewater management typically occurring during the peeling with lye agents.

Current Phytochemical and Pharmacological Outlook of Actinidia deliciosa (Kiwi Fruit)

: Worldwide health and therapeutic practices seek to amalgamate alternative medications with evidence-based medicine for an improved understanding of metabolic progression and its influences on the human body. Actinidia deliciosa, also known as “Kiwi fruit”, is a dioecious plant that is native to China and distributed widely across the Asian continent. Commercial planting of kiwifruit was started in the early 20th century when it reached New Zealand from China. In recent times, Kiwi fruit has gained a major demand due to its high content of vitamin C. Kiwi fruit also contains dietary fiber, iron, carotenoids and is a rich source of antioxidants. These may aid in lowering blood pressure, improve wound healing, blood glucose control and improve bowel health. Vitamin C, choline, lutein, and zeaxanthin are antioxidants that assist in the removal of free radicals from the body and may prevent the body from various diseases and inflammations. Herein, we state the health benefits found in diverse compounds from Actinidia deliciosa, highlighting the source, morphology, chemical constituent, cultivation, production, traditional uses, nutritional value, health benefits, toxicity studies, clinical trials, and pharmacological activities while highlighting side effects associated with kiwifruit. This review provides a bird’s eye insight mainly on the morphological, phytochemical, and pharmacological activity, which could be beneficial in making use of technological and scientific advances. This plant can be used as a current medical adjuvant for its potential. The complete plant must be broadly investigated for further future perspective.

A review on various medicinal applications of kiwi fruit

A kiwi fruit commonly known as ‘Green kiwi’ traced under the family Actinidiaceae having Actinidia genus and species deliciosa. Kiwi fruits are the superior as compared with other commonly consumed fruit for their nutrient density, health benefits and consumer’s appeal. It is crammed with wide variety of nutrients such as vitamins, minerals and phytoconstituents. A range of phytochemicals are found in kiwi which include the triterpenoids, saponins, amino acids, carotenoids, carbohydrates and sugars, phenolic compounds such as flavonoids, polyphenols, anthraquinones and coumarins. These constituents render the wide variety of pharmacological activities. Immense amount of vitamin C pointed for a promising treatment of catastrophic disease involving cancer and heart diseases. Other activity includes antibacterial activity, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertensive, anti-thrombin, anti-asthmatic, hepatoprotective, anti-platelet, anti-constipation, anti-carcinogenic, anti-fungal, antiviral and anti-tumour. This review provides a brief knowledge about botanical aspects, chemical constituents and recent biological or pharmacological activities of kiwi fruit.

The Application of High-Resolution Melting Analysis to trnL (UAA) Intron Allowed a Qualitative Identification of Apple Juice Adulterations

Food authenticity plays a pivotal role in the modern age since an increased consumers awareness has led them to pay more attention to food commodities. For this reason, it is important to have reliable and fast techniques able to detect possible adulterations in food, which affect qualitative and economic value. Therefore, the aim of this study was to detect possible adulterations in apple juice from others fruit species (i.e., pear, peach, and kiwi) combining DNA barcoding approach, using trnL (UAA) intron, with high resolution melting analysis (HRMA). A preliminary phylogenetic analysis, using sequences retrieved by the GenBank, confirmed the discriminatory power of trnL (UAA) intron among the four fruit species examined. Moreover, the sequencing of the trnL (UAA) fragments obtained from apple, pear, peach, and kiwi, demonstrated the suitability of an inner shorter sequence, P6 loop, to differentiate the considered species. The HRMA coupled with trnL (UAA) intron allowed discrimination among the four fruits but provided incomplete results for juices. Whereas the HRMA targeting the P6 loop amplicons confirmed the suitability of the technique to qualitatively distinguish fruit juices composed by the combination of apple/pear and apple/peach. However, the impossibility of discriminating apple/kiwi juices from the pure kiwi sample highlighted limitations, most likely related to the DNA extraction process. This hypothesis was further confirmed by analyzing DNA blends obtained by combining nucleic acids extracted from pure matrixes (i.e., apple and kiwi fruits). In this specific case, the application of HRMA allowed both qualitative and quantitative assessment of the samples.

Freeze Drying Process of Kiwi Slices With Various Thicknesses And Investigation Drying Characteristic of Process

In the study, the kiwi fruit was sliced into various thicknesses as 5 mm and 7 mm, and those sliced specimens were put in the freeze-drying device. the mass losses of the specimens were measured and saved during the drying process and kinetic drying models were performed using those measurements. The mass losses of each kiwi slices in 100 g mass were measured every two hours in the experiment lasting 14 hours in total and moisture ratios (MR) were calculated as well. Considering the experimental results, 8 different kinetics drying models were performed using MATLAB software. As a result, the lowest reduced chi-square (X2) values for 5 mm and 7 mm thicknesses were calculated about 8.261x10-6 and 1.705x10-5 respectively, the root means square error values (RMSE) were about 0.002865 and 0.004146, respectively. Also, the coefficient of determination (R2) for both thicknesses was calculated as 0.9999 which was the highest result closest to 1. Among the 8 different kinetic drying models, the Logarithmic model was chosen as a proper kinetic drying model for kiwi products. When the moisture contents and drying rates were considered it was seen that the drying rate of kiwi slices with 7 mm thickness exhibited slow behavior because of the higher moisture content. Besides, it was determined that the effective diffusivity coefficients for specimens with 5 mm and 7 mm thickness were calculated as 2.25 × 10-10 m2/s and 3.28 × 10-10 m2/s respectively.

WeChat business and place identity construction in rural China: A case study of Beiqishui village, Zhouzhi county

The development of information technology and the popularization of the internet economy have triggered the transformation of rural livelihoods and social networks, impacting villagers' emotional connections to their places. Taking Beiqishui village, a typical specialized village that produces kiwi fruit, as a case, this study examines how the villagers’ economic roles, economic links, and economic rhythms have changed and how these changes are associated with the changes in the emotional connection between humans and places in the context of the internet economy. First, as a new means of livelihood for rural residents, WeChat business has encouraged them to become active economic actors, facilitating the development of their self-worth, family attachment, and place identity. Second, the collective mutual assistance and trust that are established through online economic links have a positive effect on the development of rural communities and the formation of collective identity and a sense of pride. Third, the economic rhythms influenced by WeChat business have made the construction of place identity dynamic. Our study suggests that the construction of place identity cannot be fully understood without considering economic factors, which are fundamental and even decisive in the place identity formation process. As a result of WeChat business, Beiqishui village has transformed into a lively, attractive, and booming area that benefits from digital technologies.

Reasearch on Kiwi Fruit Flower Recognition for Efficient Pollination Based on an Improved YOLOv5 Algorithm

A close relationship has been observed between the growth and development of kiwi fruit and the pollination of the kiwi flower. Flower overlap, flower tilt, and other problems will affect this plant’s pollination success rate. A pollination model based on YOLOv5 was developed to improve the pollination of kiwi flowers. The K-means++ clustering method was used to cluster the anchors closer to the target size, which improved the speed of the algorithm. A convolutional block module attention mechanism was incorporated to improve the extraction accuracy with respect to kiwi flower features and effectively reduce the missed detection and error rates. The optimization of the detection function improves the recognition of flower overlap and the accuracy of flower tilt angle calculation and accurately determines flower coordinates, pollination point coordinates, and pollination angles. The experimental results show that the predicted value of the YOLOv5s model is 96.7% and that its recognition accuracy is the highest. Its mean average precision value is up to 89.1%, its F1 score ratio is 90.12%, and its memory requirements are the smallest (only 20 MB). The YOLOv5s model achieved the highest recognition accuracy as determined through a comparison experiment of the four sets of analysed models, thereby demonstrating its ability to facilitate the efficient target pollination of kiwi flowers.

Acute effects of fresh versus dried Hayward green kiwifruit on sleep quality, mood, and sleep-related urinary metabolites in healthy young men with good and poor sleep quality.

Daily kiwifruit (KF) consumption has been associated with improved sleep quality, but underlying physiological mechanisms are unknown. This study examined acute effects of fresh and dried green KF, compared with a water control, on sleep quality, mood, and urinary serotonin and melatonin metabolite concentrations. 24 men (age: 29 ± 1 years, body mass index: 24 ± 1 kg/m2) with poor (n = 12) or good (n = 12) sleep quality participated in a randomized, single-blind crossover study. One of three treatments was consumed with a standardized evening meal; (1) the flesh of two fresh green KF, (2) dried green KF powder (including skin; equivalent to dry matter of two fresh KF) mixed with water, or (3) a water control, in their own home. Subjective and objective sleep quality, mood, waking urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6s), vitamin C and B-vitamin concentrations were determined. Regardless of sleep quality group, compared to control, morning sleepiness, alertness upon awakening, and vigor were improved (p < 0.05) after dried KF consumption. Compared to control, both fresh and dried KF treatments tended (p < 0.1) toward improved esteem and total mood disturbance. Both KF treatments increased (fresh +1.56 ± 0.4 ng/g, p = 0.001; dried: +1.30 ± 0.4 ng/g, p = 0.004) urinary concentration of the serotonin metabolite 5-HIAA compared to the control (4.32 ± 0.4 ng/g). In poor sleepers, ease of awakening improved by 24% after dried KF consumption (p = 0.005) and tended to improve by 13% after fresh KF intake (p = 0.052) compared to the control. Good sleepers tended toward 9% improved ratings of getting to sleep with fresh KF (p = 0.053) compared to the control. Poor sleepers had lower amounts of some B-vitamins compared to good sleepers (p < 0.05). Consumption of dried or fresh KF with a standard evening meal, was associated with improved aspects of sleep quality and mood, possibly mediated through changes in serotonin metabolism. [www.anzctr.org.au], identifier [ACTRN12621000046808]. Graphical Abstract.

Northern root-knot nematode Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood, 1949 infecting Kiwi fruit (Actinidia chinensis) in Bageshwar district of Uttarakhand state

Northern root-knot nematode Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood, 1949 infecting Kiwi fruit (Actinidia chinensis) in Bageshwar district of Uttarakhand state

A Hybrid Stainless-Steel SPME Microneedle Electrode Sensor for Dual Electrochemical and GC-MS Analysis.

A mechanically robust in-tube stainless steel microneedle solid phase microextraction (SPME) platform for dual electrochemical and chromatographic detection has been demonstrated. The SPME microneedle was fabricated by layer-by-layer (LbL) in-tube coating, consisting of carbon nanotube (CNT)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) film layered with an electrically conductive polyaniline (PANI) hydrogel layer (PANI@CNT/CNC SPME microneedle (MN)). The PANI@CNT/CNC SPME MN showed effective analysis of caffeine by GC-MS with an LOD of 26 mg/L and excellent precision across the dynamic range. Additionally, the PANI@CNT/CNC SPME MN demonstrated a 67% increase in sensitivity compared to a commercial SPME fiber, while being highly robust for repeated use without loss in performance. For electrochemical detection, the PANI@CNT/CNC SPME MN showed excellent performance for the detection of 3-caffeoylquinic acid (3-CQA). The dynamic range and limits of detection (LOD) for 3-CQA analysis were 75-448 mg/L and 11 mg/L, respectively. The PANI@CNT/CNC SPME MN was demonstrated to accurately determine the caffeine content and 3-CQA in tea samples and dark roast coffee, respectively. The PANI@CNT/CNC SPME MN was used for semiquantitative antioxidant determination and composition analysis in kiwi fruit using electrochemistry and SPME-coupled GC-MS, respectively.

Difference in Energy Input and Output in Agricultural Production under Surface Irrigation and Water-Saving Irrigation: A Case Study of Kiwi Fruit in Shaanxi

China’s kiwi industry has seen rising production costs and shrinking planting areas in recent years; at the same time, the lack of professional production standards leads to the input redundancy and waste of production factors in the production process of kiwifruit, which intensifies the dilemma of unsustainable agricultural production. This has brought more and more serious challenges to the sustainable development of the industry. In order to solve this problem and clarify the composition and utilization efficiency of energy in the production process of kiwifruit, this study took Chinese kiwifruit production as the research object and analyzed the energy input and output under surface irrigation and water-saving irrigation from the perspective of energy. The results show that the energy input of kiwifruit production under traditional surface irrigation was 85.4 GJ/ha, and the energy output was 59.7 GJ/ha. Among all energy input elements, mineral fertilizers accounted for the highest proportion of energy input, accounting for 48.31%. Under water-saving irrigation, the energy input and output of kiwifruit production are 72.3 GJ/ha and 62.3 GJ/ha; the highest energy input is also mineral fertilizer. The data envelopment analysis results also confirmed that there is a large redundancy in the amount of mineral fertilizer. Compared with surface irrigation, water-saving irrigation technology has effectively improved the energy ratio (from 0.70 to 0.86), energy productivity (from 0.37 kg/MJ to 0.45 kg/MJ) as well as net energy (from −25.8 GJ/ha to −9.93 GJ/ha). Thus, promoting the application of water-saving irrigation technology and increasing the proportion of fertigation during the kiwi production process are necessary measures to promote the sustainable development of China’s kiwi industry.

Effects of kiwi fruit (Actinidia chinensis) polysaccharides on metabolites and gut microbiota of acrylamide-induced mice.

Kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) has rich nutritious and medicinal properties. It is widely consumed worldwide for the intervention of metabolism disorders, however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Acrylamide, a well-known toxic ingredient, mainly forms in high-temperature processed carbohydrate-rich food and causes disorders of gut microbiota and systemic metabolism. This study explored the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of kiwifruit polysaccharides against acrylamide-induced disorders of gut microbiota and systemic metabolism by measuring the changes of gut microbiota and serum metabolites in mice. The results showed that kiwifruit polysaccharides remarkably alleviated acrylamide-induced toxicity in mice by improving their body features, histopathologic morphology of the liver, and decreased activities of liver function enzymes. Furthermore, the treatment restored the healthy gut microbiota of mice by improving the microbial diversity and abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus. Metabolomics analysis revealed the positive effects of kiwifruit polysaccharides mainly occurred through amino and bile acid-related metabolism pathways including nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, primary bile acid biosynthesis, and alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism. Additionally, correlation analysis indicated that Lactobacillus exhibited a highly significant correlation with critical metabolites of bile acid metabolism. Concisely, kiwifruit polysaccharides may protect against acrylamide-induced toxicity by regulating gut microbiota and metabolism.

Edible and cation-free kiwi fruit derived vesicles mediated EGFR-targeted siRNA delivery to inhibit multidrug resistant lung cancer

Clinically, activated EGFR mutation associated chemo-drugs resistance has severely threaten NSCLC patients. Nanoparticle based small interfering RNA (siRNA) therapy representing another promising alternative by silencing specific gene while still suffered from charge associated toxicity, strong immunogenicity and poor targetability. Herein, we reported a novel EGFR-mutant NSCLC therapy relying on edible and cation-free kiwi-derived extracellular vesicles (KEVs), which showed sevenfold enhancement of safe dosage compared with widely used cationic liposomes and could be further loaded with Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 interfering RNA (siSTAT3). siSTAT3 loaded KEVs (STAT3/KEVs) could be easily endowed with EGFR targeting ability (STAT3/EKEVs) and fluorescence by surface modification with tailor-making aptamer through hydrophobic interaction. STAT3/EKEVs with a controlled size of 186 nm displayed excellent stability, high specificity and good cytotoxicity towards EGFR over-expressing and mutant PC9-GR4-AZD1 cells. Intriguingly, the systemic administration of STAT3/EKEVs significantly suppressed subcutaneous PC9-GR4-AZD1 tumor xenografts in nude mice by STAT3 mediated apoptosis. This safe and robust KEVs has emerged as the next generation of gene delivery platform for NSCLC therapy after multiple drug-resistance.Graphical

Challenges And Prospects Of Utilising Natural Resources Of Nepal For Sustainable Development Which Is Vacuum Or Zero

This research article examines a sociological study of utilising natural resources of Nepal for sustainable development which is changeable every moment every second. This is role of sociology. Sociology is one of the vacuumed space or zero... Sociology component of social phenomena. Wideranch. Sociology start and development male, female from the Social activities. Sociology start from zero level and end of zero. That is the social process. Sociology is for example like a cloth rack. Kiwi fruit farming protection of natural resources which is contributing in national economy and Agro-forestry one of the Natural resources. Which is environment protection, soil erosion control, land slide control, economic support and sustainable land management. The research area is mostly use to slop and barer land in the mid-hill areas of Nepal. In This area is suitable for growing high-value kiwi fruit. That enhances biodiversity and uplifts communities by serving as a valuable source of income through agroforestry practices.

1-Methylcyclopropene treatment delays the softening of Actinidia arguta fruit by reducing cell wall degradation and modulating carbohydrate metabolism

The rapid softening of hardy kiwifruit (Actinidia arguta) fruit significantly reduces its marketing potential. Therefore, the effect of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on the softening of A. arguta fruit was investigated. Results indicated that A. arguta fruit treated with 1-MCP maintained a higher level of firmness, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid, total phenolics, and flavonoids content, relative to non-treated fruit. Fruit treated with 1-MCP and placed in long-term cold storage had higher sensory scores, as determined by a taste panel and supported by electronic nose and tongue data. Notably, 1-MCP delayed the degradation of cell wall components, including pectin, cellulose, and hemicellulose, by reducing the activity of cell-wall-modifying enzymes. In addition, 1-MCP reduced the activity of carbohydrate metabolism-related enzymes, resulting in fruit with higher levels of starch and sucrose and lower levels of glucose, fructose and sorbitol. Collectively, these results indicate that 1-MCP can be used to delay the softening of A. arguta fruit and extend its storage and shelf life.

Characterization of Phytopythium Species Involved in the Establishment and Development of Kiwifruit Vine Decline Syndrome

Since 2012, the kiwifruit vine decline syndrome (KVDS) has progressively compromised Italian kiwifruit orchards. Different abiotic and biotic factors have been associated with the establishment and development of KVDS. During monitoring of orchards affected by KVDS in north-western Italy during 2016-2019, 71 Phytopythium spp. were isolated. Based on maximum likelihood concatenated phylogeny on the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region of the rDNA, large subunit rDNA, and cytochrome oxidase I, isolates were identified as P. vexans (52), P. litorale (10), P. chamaehyphon (7) and P. helicoides (2). Phytopythium litorale and P. helicoides are reported for the first time as agents of KVDS in Italy. To demonstrate pathogenicity and fulfil Koch's postulates, representative isolates of P. vexans, P. litorale, P. chamaehyphon and P. helicoides were inoculated in potted plants. In these trials, waterlogging was applied to stress plant with a temporary anoxia and to favour the production of infective zoospores by the oomycetes. In experiments in vitro, the four species showed the highest growth at 25-30 °C, depending on the media used. P. helicoides was able to grow also at 40 °C. The four species were able to grow in vitro at a pH ranging from 5.0 to 8.0, showing that pH had less effect on growth than temperature. The present study suggests a strong role of different species of Phytopythium in the establishment and development of KVDS. Phytopythium spp. could be favoured by the average increase in soil temperatures during summer, associated with global warming.

Study the Contamination Level of Organochlorine Pesticides in Fruits During Summer Season

Fruits have nutritional value, but they can also be sources of toxic contaminants, such as pesticide residues. Pesticides used for fruit production results in increased health risks and health costs, humiliation of the environment and productivity loss. This research aimed to conduct to estimate presence of pesticide residues in summer season fruit purchase from local market. Pesticides were precisely detected in fruit samples collected from the market and the technique (GC-ECD) was used for analyzing and studying organochlorine pesticides in three fruits of the summer season, i.e., (plum, kiwi fruit and pineapple). The maximum residual limits (MRLs) values were compared with pesticide concentrations. In fruit sample, mean values of pesticide concentration residues were found. All fruits were found to be contaminated with pesticides. The concentrations of monitoring pesticides were less than the (MRL) values. However, the severe health problems may be created by the regular eating of pesticide infected fruits. It can be concluded that the periodical monitoring of fruits for pesticide residues is essential to evaluating their contamination grade and producing awareness on the health hazards involved in pesticide misuse.

Dragon fruit-kiwi fermented beverage: In vitro digestion, untargeted metabolome analysis and anti-aging activity in Caenorhabditis elegans.

The research on the development of dragon fruit and kiwi fruit through LAB-yeast compound fermentation is very limited, and there are few related fermentation products on the market. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the stability of the antioxidant capacity of fermented beverages (FB) through in vitro simulated digestion, to evaluate the changes in metabolites of juice after fermentation through untargeted metabolomics, and used Caenorhabditis elegans as a model to evaluate its anti-aging activity. The results showed that FB not only has good in vitro antioxidant activity, but also the total phenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), ABTS scavenging ability, and hydroxyl radical scavenging ability of FB were significantly increased during gastric digestion and intestinal digestion. Metabolomics showed that the contents of phenols and flavonoids related to antioxidant increased after fermentation, and fermentation had a significant effect on organic acids and amino acids in FB. Finally, compared with the control group, although the original concentration of FB has a side-toxic effect on nematodes, the mean lifespan of C. elegans fed with 1.56% FB increased by 18.01%, SOD activity significantly increased by 96.16% and MDA content significantly decreased by 40.62%. FB has good antioxidant activity in vitro and in vivo, and the antioxidant activity is stable during the simulated digestion process.

Facile Fabrication of N-doped Carbon Derived from Kiwi Fruit Peel for Advanced Supercapacitor

As a potential material, biomass material has become a hot spot for energy storage equipment because of its enhanced properties and environmental-friendly features. Waste kiwi fruit peel is a kind of biomass material with a natural macroporous structure. After carbonization, acid pickling and activation, the kiwi fruit peel carbon (KFPC) with a 3D porous structure composed of macropores, mesopores and micropores on its surface and inner channels, respectively. The morphology and structure of the KFPC are studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The electrochemicial properties were analyzed in a three-electrode system. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurement at the scan rate of 5-100 mV s-1 in 2 M KOH aqueous electrolyte. The Galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) are used to calculate the specific capacitance and resistance, respectively. The KFPC exhibits a 2290 m2 g-1 specific surface area. The capacitor has a specific capacitance of 249.8F g− 1 at 1 A g− 1 and a capacity retention rate of 89.22 % after 5000 cycles at 5 A g− 1, indicating that the KFPC is relatively stable. After assembling the materials into a symmetric supercapacitor, it delivered a high energy density of 9.75 Wh kg-1, which reveals the promising application of KFPC in high-performance supercapacitors.

Actinidia deliciosa: a high-resolution mass spectrometric approach for the comprehensive characterization of bioactive compounds

Actinidia deliciosa (A. Chev.) C.F. Liang & A.R& Ferguson, 1984 contains a large number of target analytes, which are biologically active compounds. HPLC-ion trap-MS/MS (tandem mass spectrometry) was used to identify target analytes in extracts of A. deliciosa (varieties Abbot, Alison, Bruno, Hayward, Monti), originating from the Adler's Branch of N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources. Separately, the pulp of the kiwi fruit and its peel were analyzed for the composition of biologically active substances. The richest in the composition of active substances was indicators of the cultivar Monti. The results of initial studies revealed the presence of 56 compounds in the extracts of the peel of A. deliciosa and the presence of 64 compounds in the extracts of berry pulp of A. deliciosa. Forty-three compounds were identified for the first time in family Actinidiaceae. New identified metabolites belonged to 17 classes including 13 flavones, 2 flavonols, 2 flavan-3-ols, 5 stilbenes, 4 lignans, 2 carotenoids, 2 sterols, 3 terpenoids, etc.