Lignin is a promising renewable feedstock for producing aromatic platform chemicals due to its high content of aromatic structures linked by various chemical bonds. In the pulp industry, lignin occurs in large quantities dissolved in the black liquor providing a possible feedstock for depolymerization into interesting aromatic monomers. In this work, the lignin depolymerization process under hydrothermal conditions ( T R = 300 – 350 °C, t R = 0 – 30 min, p = 200 bar) was studied, using a black liquor based on eucalyptus wood as feedstock. The aim was to understand the main reaction pathways of the lignin depolymerization. Experiments were performed in batch micro autoclaves and the product phases were separated and characterized. The work focused on the main aromatic monomers, mainly different forms of catechol. Based on the experimental results a reaction scheme was set up consisting of the aromatic monomers, lumped groups like oligomers, and gaseous compounds. A kinetic model was developed, parametrized, and trained, providing adequate results. The calculated kinetic parameters and the developed reaction scheme were compared with data from literature. According to our model, the main pathway from lignin to methylated catechols is via 3-methoxycatechol and catechol. Finally, experimental results of hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) with softwood black liquor were compared with the calculated yield curves and showed limited deviations. Hence, this implies that the model can be used for the HTL of softwood black liquor with minor adjustments, as the dissolved salts presumably have a significantly greater influence than the type of wood. • Bio-based aromatics can be produced from lignin dissolved in black liquor via HTL • Catechol and its derivates are the main compounds under the investigated conditions • A kinetic model is developed based on experimental data • Good alignment between kinetic model and literature data • Additional data shows flexibility of the model for other black liquors

Enhanced antibiotic degradation in micro-nanobubble-assisted dielectric barrier discharge systems: The role of gas-liquid interfaces in ROS exposure.

Adsorptive removal of uranium from aqueous solutions using TiO2-diglycolamic acid functionalized graphitic carbon nitride (TiO2@gCN-HDGA) nanocomposite

Nanoformulation of drugs is a highly important task in medicine to improve their solubility and dissolution. The lipid-based drug delivery systems (LBDDS) facilitate the encapsulation of a broad range of therapeutic agents. Preparation techniques have evolved from simple laboratory "bench" methods to sophisticated, high-throughput technologies. More recently, methods that offer precision, reproducibility, and scalability are in focus as the microfluidics. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to demonstrate an optimized fabrication protocol of lipid-based colloidal carriers using a low-cost cleaned asolectin (ASO) with a continuously operating basic flow system that offers precise control and high reproducibility. We pointed out how the hydrodynamic diameter, stability, and encapsulation efficiency (EE) can be highly controlled by the initial parameters (flow conditions, pH, storage time, dialysis time, etc.). Tocopherol (TP) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were used as the model drug and stabilizer, respectively. Drug-free carriers having 130 180 nm diameter and 190 300 nm drug-loaded colloids can be fabricated, and it can be confirmed that by nanoformulation the aqueous solubility of TP was increased by 17 20 times. We evaluated the effect of NaCl concentration and pH on the colloids’ stability. The application of the PVA stabilizer slightly increases the EE from 68.6% for ASO/TP to 78.4% for ASO/TP/PVA at a dialysis time of 120 min, and it also enables significant drug retention. In addition to diffusion-controlled processes, the presence of the stabilizer increases the role of carrier erosion, according to the fitting of the dissolution data with different kinetic models. • The flow technique is capable of preparing asolectin-based drug carrier particles. • Size, stability, and formulation ability can be greatly controlled by flow conditions. • Lipid-based nanoformulation of tocopherol increases its water solubility by ∼20 times. • Use of polyvinyl alcohol as a stabilizer enhances the formulation and drug retention.

Ultrasound-assisted extraction of total saponins from wild bitter melon (Momordica charantia L. var. abbreviata Ser.) with response surface methodology and kinetic analysis

A sustainable bioremediation approach for treating real contaminated urban river water using natural coagulants from durian and rambutan seeds

Adsorption technology plays a vital role in addressing water pollution issues stemming from dyes. Adsorption materials are the key, yet conventional graphene-based adsorbents are constrained by multi-step synthesis, high energy demand, and the use of hazardous etchants. In this study, a straightforward, swift and eco-friendly laser-induced method is employed to transform commercially available polystyrene and ferroferric oxide into core-shell structured graphene magnetic adsorbents. Graphene provides abundant porous structures and surface adsorption sites, while ferroferric oxide provides magnetic functions. This magnetic adsorbent exhibits excellent adsorption performance for methylene blue solutions, with a saturated adsorption capacity of up to 156 mg/g and good recycling stability. Its adsorption behavior conforms to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, indicating that chemical adsorption dominates the process, which is mainly synergistically driven by electrostatic attraction, π–π stacking interaction and hydrogen bonding. The isothermal adsorption data fits the Langmuir model, revealing that it is dominated by uniform monolayer adsorption. This approach not only transcends the constraints of conventional polymer carbonization techniques but also successfully engineers a recyclable system for adsorption and recovery grounded on such methodology. The research also elucidates the mechanism behind polymer in-situ carbonization under laser irradiation, offering a novel approach to the treatment of dye-contaminated wastewater. • Laser-induced core-shell Fe 3 O 4 @LIG with 1098 m 2 /g specific surface area. • The formation mechanism of core-shell structure Fe 3 O 4 @LIG is clarified. • Activated Fe 3 O 4 @LIG shows 156 mg/g MB adsorption, and a large-scale cyclic system is designed..

Facile preparation of amino-functionalized polyacrylonitrile/graphene oxide electrospun nanofibers for extraction of plant growth regulators in tomato.

Medium-low temperature coal tar pitch based activated carbon prepared by self-pressurized modification and thermal conversion combined of activation for efficient phenol adsorption

Adsorption and extraction performance for phenolic compounds with magnetic-thermal dual-responsive composite material.

Enhancing Ti-6Al-4V microstructure prediction in additive manufacturing via integrated heat transfer and phase transition kinetics modeling

Artificial neural network-based optimization of medium-polar triterpenoids from the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum, kinetic modeling and thermodynamics

Case study on steam-assisted solvent-free microwave extraction of black pepper essential oil: Comparative performance, kinetics, and process intensification against microwave hydrodistillation

Creation of accessible adsorption sites in Albizia lebbeck -modified zinc oxide to boost tetracycline removal from aqueous environments

Kinetic modeling and LC-MS/MS-based evaluation of naringenin in elicited Commiphora wightii (Arnott.) Bhandari callus with computational targeting against Zika virus

Removal efficiency of methylene blue using geopolymeric materials based on pumice: influence of sodium hydroxide concentration in alkaline activator

In this study, pine-cone and pine-needle forestry wastes were used to produce activated carbons for the purification of dye contaminated textile effluents. The characterization of the adsorbents conducted through SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy), N 2 porosimetry and FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) before and after adsorption to provide insights on the adsorption mechanism. For PCAC5 S BET was 1305 m 2 /g, while for PNAC5 was 743.9 m 2 /g. FTIR confirmed the successful binding of textile wastewater through various mechanisms. Preliminary adsorption experiments performed for the removal of Methylene Violet (MV), Reactive Black 5 (RB5) and Reactive Red 120 (RR120) in single- and multi-component solutions. Optimal removal occurred at pH 3 for anionic dyes (RB5: 99.6% PCAC5, 98.2% PNAC5; RR120: 70.2% PCAC5, 94.8% PNAC5) and at pH 9 for MV (99.9% PCAC5, 99.5% PNAC5). The maximum adsorption capacities were 1198, 287 and 70.7 mg/L for MV, RB5 and RR120 removal, respectively. Kinetics followed pseudo-second order (PSO) kinetic model, suggesting that chemisorption was governing adsorption. Multi-component dye mixtures studies revealed the synergistic effect occurring between cationic and anionic species. Regeneration studies conducted for four consecutive cycles. Experiments with real textile wastewater demonstrated that a single-step adsorption approach can enhance the removal efficiency of multi-component contaminated solutions and reduce total dissolved solids (TDS) by 77% on average compared to the samples received after industrial chemical treatment. All the above suggest that pine-waste activated carbons can enhance water quality, decrease secondary environmental pollution and reduce the overall cost of wastewater treatment through a single-step green and sustainable approach. • Sustainable activated carbons were produced from pine-cones and pine-needles forestry waste for textile wastewater treatment. • High adsorption capacities were achieved for cationic and anionic dyes in single- and multi-component systems. • Binary dye mixtures showed synergistic adsorption between cationic and anionic species. • Real textile wastewater treatment confirmed the effectiveness of pine-waste activated carbons.

Surfactant-driven atmospheric leaching of cobalt from limonitic lateritic ore: CTAB effects and kinetic modeling

Fabrication of porous phenylboronic acid/cyclodextrin modified covalent triazine frameworks for selective extraction of salbutamol from pork samples.

Efficient and selective capture of uranium(VI) by MIL-125/MXene nanocomposites: Synergistic enhancement via interfacial engineering.