Kind Of Transport Research Articles

Transport innovations in the cracks: reading for potential post-growth transport and mobilities with Deleuze and Guattari

ABSTRACT The post-growth literature has recently started to engage with transport and mobilities in more depth. However, despite its radical societal critique, it has done so largely in ways that either reproduce recommendations of the sustainable mobilities paradigm or apply context-independent post-growth frameworks without sustained empirical analysis. The literature has thereby largely “closed down” more open-ended explorations of what kind of transport and mobility futures are desirable and possible from a post-growth perspective. This article seeks to remedy this by highlighting the role of innovative practices in bottom-up initiatives that have been invisibilised, in expanding our imaginaries of possible post-growth transport and mobility futures. It builds on Deleuze and Guattari’s concept of the minor, an orientation towards difference-in-itself emerging immanently, to explore such innovative and experimental practices that may be of interest for post-growth transformations. We illustrate the minor’s usefulness by studying two bottom-up initiatives, a French railway cooperative and a German “rolling supermarket”, which we examine with a view towards “difference” that allows for open-endedness and the generation of questions. This article contributes to post-growth transport and mobility scholarship by advocating for a shift in three analytical focal points, building on the minor’s generativity: moving from a-contextual recommendations to examinations of socio-spatially specific transformation (1), from a concern for the “right” modes of transport to minorities (2), and from a near-exclusive focus on the public sector to a more diverse range of economic actors and practices (3).

TRAFFIC VIOLATION PREDICTION USING DEEP LEARNING BASED ON HELMETS WITH NUMBER PLATE RECOGNITION

At the moment, two-wheelers are the most widely used kind of transportation. It is highly advised that both bike riders and soldiers wear helmets. Many academics are interested in object tracking in video surveillance, which is an important application and burgeoning field of study in image processing and machine learning. Finding objects in an image with a bounding box and different categories or shapes of the objects placed is called object detection. This study reviews tracking techniques, classifies them into several categories, and concentrates on significant and practical tracking approaches. After reviewing broad strategies under a scan of the literature on various methodologies, we analyze potential research areas. This study uses the YOLOv8 algorithm, an image processing technique, to identify motorcycle riders who do not wear helmets. Additionally, put the Optical Character Recognition method into practice to identify the license plate in a picture and retrieve user information. Next, determine the fine amount. Eventually, SMS services will be able to notify consumers in order to prevent motorbike accidents. We evaluate the framework in terms of speed and accuracy.

Design and Research on Humanized Innovative Design of Pedestrian Space in Rail Transit

Walking is the main mode of transportation used by people to take rail transit, and it is also the link between rail transit and other kinds of transportation. Ensuring the convenience, comfort and safety of walking in the rail station area is not only an effective way to realize the functional integration of the station, but also the key to promoting green travel and ensuring the sustainable development of the city. This paper studied the walking environment by literature review. This paper summarizes the differences of various walking environments, and finally puts forward suggestions on the improvement of walking environment in urban rail stations.

Transporters, Ion Channels, and Junctional Proteins in Choroid Plexus Epithelial Cells.

The choroid plexus (CP) plays significant roles in secreting cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and forming circadian rhythms. A monolayer of epithelial cells with tight and adherens junctions of CP forms the blood-CSF barrier to control the movement of substances between the blood and ventricles, as microvessels in the stroma of CP have fenestrations in endothelial cells. CP epithelial cells are equipped with several kinds of transporters and ion channels to transport nutrient substances and secrete CSF. In addition, junctional components also contribute to CSF production as well as blood-CSF barrier formation. However, it remains unclear how junctional components as well as transporters and ion channels contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. In this manuscript, recent findings regarding the distribution and significance of transporters, ion channels, and junctional proteins in CP epithelial cells are introduced, and how changes in expression of their epithelial proteins contribute to the pathophysiology of brain disorders are reviewed.

The Influence of Service Quality on Train Passenger Satisfaction at Rantau Prapat Station PT KAI Persero Divre I North Sumatra

In order to keep clients using this kind of transportation and to keep the business afloat, PT KAI places a high priority on their satisfaction. Employees of KAI are required to utilize five dimensions in its implementation: tangibles, assurance, responsiveness, empathy, and consistency. It is undoubtedly not ideal in its implementation at each station, as some travelers continue to be dissatisfied with the offers that are made. Examples of this include the fact that some people are still unable to board the train without a ticket and the indifference of staff members. Following basic observations by the researchers, there was a decline in staff responsiveness and overall satisfaction. The goal of this study is to determine how much the independent variable affects the dependent variable. In this quantitative analysis, primary and secondary data sources are consulted. Three techniques were employed to gather data: questionnaire completion, documentation, and observation. Using SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solution), the instrument test, classical assumption test, hypothesis test, and simple linear regression method are the data analysis techniques employed. Once the researcher had finished using the data that had been collected. With a significance value (Sig) of 0.000, it may be inferred that the quality of the services offered significantly affects passenger happiness. Less than 0.05. The T test decision-making framework indicates that H1 is accepted and H0 is rejected, indicating that service quality has an impact on passengers' pleasure with trains. When the coefficient of determination hypothesis is evaluated using the SPSS version 26 software, a value of 0.906 can be obtained. This indicates that there is a 90.6% link between passenger satisfaction and service quality, with the remaining 9.4% coming from factors that have not been thoroughly investigated.

ENERGY SAVING AND DISTANCE TRAVELED OF THE RAILWAY TRAIN FROM ITS BIRTH TO THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION MODELING

The simulation of railway systems plays a key role in the design of the supply of the railway network but also in the functionality of the train itself. Various studies have been carried out to understand the railway network and by extension the operation of the trains. [1,2] The history of the railway is an everlasting history of speed. The rail mode is a guided and low grip transit mechanism. Since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution at the start of the 19th century, when rail first emerged in Europe, passenger train speed has been crucial for competition—not necessarily with other kinds of transportation, but with other rail firms. Additionally, it gave verifiable proof of technological advancement in the time's most developed nations. In this work, an approach is studied for the modeling and simulation using Anylogic PLE regarding saving the energy and the distance traveled for five distinct time periods.

Wayfinding and indoor navigation for persons with visual impairments: an overview of support innovations by Mada

Technology has become an essential part of our lives, and many of our daily tasks have become entirely dependent on it. For example, routine chores such as shopping for household necessities, booking travel tickets, going to places using all different kinds of transportation, etc., are quickly done through mobile phones. And because how it is easy to use mobile phones, we may forget that others, such as the visually impaired, may face many difficulties when using them. The task of navigating through new spaces can often be challenging for people with disabilities, especially for people with visual disabilities and the elderly unless they were already acquainted with the pathways and key landmarks. This applies to both indoor and outdoor spaces. People with Disabilities (PWD) typically rely on published information, experience, other people's expertise, and/or technology to navigate through unknown outdoor and interior areas to attain safe and independent movement. Wayfinding technology has made it possible for accessible and inclusive mobility for persons with visual impairment, and independent travel is a crucial component of this.

Перспективы применения автономного шинного трамвая Phileas с технологией магнито-электронного наведения

Purpose: To show horizon to use new kind of public urban transport -autonomous tire tram of Phileas system
 without guide middle rail and catenarian, with magnetic-electronic steering system application – as more
 attractive for passengers than regular tram for urban transportations to free city lines from car jams. Methods:
 Analysis and generalization of work experience of leading enterprises, which exploit given kind of transport, of
 such countries as Netherlands (Eindhoven, Amsterdam), France (Due), Germany (Cologne), Turkey (Istanbul)
 as well as South Korea and so on, were held. The analysis of the most progressive constructions, applied in
 given vehicle, has been fulfilled. Results: Enterprise work experience has proved the feasibility to use tire tram
 wagons without guide rail for cities but revealed whole series of drawbacks, connected with the imperfections
 of the work of magnetic-electronic steering system that has whole row of irremovable flaws. Phileas rolling
 stock has demonstrated itself as insufficiently reliable in exploitation that has led to its gradual premature
 withdrawal and change with regular articulated buses, i.e. its conversion from a tram to usual BRT system.
 Practical significance: The use of tire tram autonomous system without guide rail and catenerian has good
 look-outs in cities but it’s necessary to apply more up-to-date element base for steering with the use of artificial
 intelligence technology. Phileas transport system has simply got ahead of its time. It’s worth not to refuse from
 the development of existing classical trams and light transport and the design of their new systems.

ALUMINUM AS A PROMISING MATERIAL IN THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY

Aluminum alloys are extensively applied in the transport sector and contribute to sustainability, lean production and circular economy as well; their widespread use can be considered as accelerators for transition to Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0 concepts. One of the features is that at the end of a vehicle`s life cycle almost all aluminum can be recycled for production of new products. The presence of aluminum in all kinds of transport provides an increase of speed, safety, energy savings and decrease of transport emissions. Thus, with a 10 % reduction in the total weight of the car a fuel saving of 5…10 % is achieved in the total spent fuel per kilometer [Tolun, 2019]. Replacement of 1 kg of steel on 1 kg of aluminum / aluminum alloy in automobile construction decreases the overall carbon dioxide emissions by 5…8 kg CO2-eq. for the life cycle (or per 200,000 km of mileage) [Geyer, 2008; Peppas et al., 2021]. There is also a reduction of total life cycle energy consumption up to 20 % [The Aluminum Association]. Aluminum discs ensure a smooth ride and improved heat dissipation from the braking system. In the event of an accident, aluminum absorbs the impact more effectively than steel.

ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ВІДРОДЖЕННЯ МОРСЬКИХ ПРИБЕРЕЖНИХ СПОЛУЧЕНЬ

Urban transport infrastructure considers the specifics of geographical location, climatic zones, specifics of industrial development, attraction to the areas of concentration and distribution of freight and passenger flows. The National transport strategy of Ukraine for the period up to year 2030 highlights the need to expand the availability of transport services by implementing regional mobility projects based on the use of advanced technologies. Urban traffic includes various kinds of transport, which provides passenger and cargo transportation in cities, settlements and suburban areas. Urban transport is categorized to passenger, commercial and special-purpose vehicles. Passenger transport is a public transport, which includes street and off-street types. In this research, the focus is concentrated on a systemic image of the location and potential use of coastal marine passenger transport as a variant of off-street public transport types. On the basis of statistical data, the assessment of the main factors that characterize the needs for mass passenger transportation is given. It is shown that: according to the population density indicator Odessa takes the first place among the largest cities of Ukraine; with a relatively stable number of population there is an intensive increase in its mobility. As for the factor of the industry affiliation, the Odessa Commercial Sea Port has been the city-forming enterprise since its foundation up to the present time, and sea transport plays a decisive role in the life of the entire City. The general structure of the urban passenger transport in its composition of street and off-street types of public and private use at the present time is detailed. It is defined that the existing problems in the transport situation, as well as the fully open market of coastal maritime connections create conditions for the initiation and implementation of appropriate projects. Such projects targeting is aimed at: reducing the traffic intensity on the main routes of traditional street types of urban transport; ensuring fast and comfortable passenger transportation; improving the environmental situation by taking part of the traffic flow outside of city, limits and cleaner gasoline engines atmosphere emissions, as well as with the maintaining and enhancing the tourist component.Keywords: urban transport, off-street transport, maritime coastal connections, project management.

Application of AOA algorithm for optimal placement of electric vehicle charging station to minimize line losses

• Placement of electric vehicle charging station (EVCS). • Distributed generations (DGs) are integrated with EVCS. • Power loss minimization. • Arithmetic optimization algorithm. • Distribution network. The conventional transportation system uses fossil fuels and it emits greenhouse gases which affect the environment. A new kind of transportation must be created immediately because of the growing population. Electric Vehicles (EVs) have less impact on environmental pollution and they will become the base for future transport systems. The battery's specific energy is very low and it needs frequent charging. The long-distance transportation using EVs needs charging stations and it leads to placing Electric Vehicle Charging Station (EVCS) in the power grid. The placement of EVCS in the grid increases network losses which have an adverse impact on the grid. In this research work, network loss minimization by the optimum placement of EVCS along with Distributed Generation (DG) is considered. The proposed approach has been validated on the IEEE 33 bus system. The analysis was carried out using the Loss Sensitivity Factor (LSF) approach considering the variable network parameters in the Radial Distribution Network (RDN). The EVCS optimal placement was resolved by Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm (AOA). The results are compared with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO) approaches. The findings show that the optimal placement of EVCS along with DGs reduces network losses considerably.

Dynamics and Existence of Angkong in East Sumatra

This paper reviewed the 'Dynamics and Existence of Angkong in East Sumatra'. Angkong is one of the public transportation used during the Dutch East Indies period in East Sumatra. This transportation is also known as the Hong Kong rickshaw. Humans formerly pulled it by running. These human-drawn angkong were generally brought indirectly by the Chinese who worked on the plantations. As Viktor Purcell wrote, most Chinese worked in the logging industry and as angkong porters. Before this, other forms of transportation were used, such as horse-drawn carriages, ox-carts, or buffalo carts. These kinds of transportation were used for special needs, such as in forest areas, and as a means to enter plantation areas that gardeners used at that time. This research intended to explain the dynamics and existence of rickshaw transportation in East Sumatra using the desk research method on research reports, various sources of books, journals, and related articles. This research also utilized the historical explanation theory from Kuntowijoyo. The distribution of angkong in East Sumatra did not immediately become public transportation but started from private ownership. It started with the gardeners seeing and supervising the plantations they manage.

MODEL OF FUNCTIONING CEREALS SEED DELIVERY SYSTEM IN CONTAINERS FROM THE USA TO UKRAINE

The paper analyzed the current state and prospects for the development of grain seed delivery systems in international routes, including option using containers, which made it possible to form the study purpose in this research. The chosen topic is quite relevant because the rational organization of goods delivery in containers allows increasing the efficiency of transport systems functioning. The effective use of transport resources (ports, railway stations, trains, trucks, containers) is one of the directions to make delivery costs cheaper. The fact was established that considerable attention paid to the development of transport infrastructure, solving problems on the effective resources using, implementation of digital technologies and models designing of reliable delivery systems in previous scientific researches. A structural model has been designed, which consists of a system for delivering grain seeds in containers from the USA to Ukraine and is represented by the interaction of subsystems that have a significant impact on the functioning quality and take into account the possible risks associated with waiting for operations performance and the peculiarities of paperwork for international transportation. Five interaction schemes have been formed for participants of goods supply in containers based on used maritime routes, railway transport capabilities, a highways network and warehouse systems. These schemes identify the main departure ports in the United States (New York and Savannah) and destination ports in Europe (Rotterdam, Gdańsk and Odessa), as well as take into account the possibility of resources using of highway and railway transport in the European countries and Ukraine. Unit delivery costs were chosen as a parameter for evaluating an effective model selection during the week, influenced by cargo order intensities, cargo order volumes, and transportation mileages in a certain chain of the corresponding i-th transport kind. The designed models of the system functioning for delivering grain seeds in containers from the USA to Ukraine allow operators to take into account random factors influence, considering the peculiarities of performing relevant operations on different kinds of transport, assess the possibility of using transport resources, as well as determine the influence level of established parameters. Keywords: model, delivery, grain, container, unit costs, international transportation.

Contribution of Unmanned Autonomous Systems (UAS) for the Development of High Tech, Intelligent Machines Capable of Traveling by Air, Land, or Sea without A Human Crew on Board

This article is focused on the contribution of unmanned autonomous systems that are based on the Hitech autonomous system. On the other hand, it also includes an intelligent machine that has the capacity to travel by sea, land, and air without humans. There are different kinds of autonomous robots, vehicles, drones, and warehouse and factory system that helps to provide smart service to individuals. Artificial intelligence plays a major role in the autonomous system and it is responsible for developing the smart system. unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) that is also known as a drone and is generally used for mapping, wars, product deliveries as well as surveillance. This study has also shone a light on the safe environment development that leads to providing a safe environment through proper surveillance in a large area within a limited time period. In this context, UAVs play a major role in monitoring environmental law enforcement, geographical mapping, and wildlife monitoring. Transportation systems one other advanced facilities provide extraordinary service to society. It can deliver emergency medical products such as medicine, equipment, and other package products. It has been seen that several kinds of transport and logistic markets use these drones to enhance their business and deliver products safely. Accordingly, this study has also discussed the limitations of the UAS system on land, sea, and air. It can be stated that it can be effective for society and future generations. Keywords : Search And Rescue (SAR) drones, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), Unmanned Autonomous Systems (UAS)

ECOLOGICAL OPTIMIZATION OF CARGO TRANSPORTATION OF AN ENTERPRISE USING INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Abstract. The aim of the article is to systematize the existing ways to decrease the environmental load at the enterprise, in the country and in the world, to identify ways of greening the enterprise by using transportation means to transport goods from enterprises to customers using information systems and technologies. In the process of preparing the article we used the method of theoretical generalization (to determine the theoretical and logical substantiation of the method of transport at the enterprise), the method of systematization (to build algorithms for determining the optimal route of transport to specialized centers), graphical method (to build a histogram of emission costs for different kinds of transport in the world), mathematical modeling (to determine the optimal route for the transportation of goods by the enterprise, which goes into solving the transport problem and the travelling salesman problem). The means by which the recovery of the ecological situation is stimulated are determined, namely, ecological supply chains are considered as competitive advantages of the enterprise, methods of solving the problem of routing in the enterprise, energy saving in transport, possibility of automobile sharing by different companies, expediency of introduction of innovative types of transport, supply optimization of products from the enterprise to consumers. The latter is considered more carefully using a mathematical apparatus, namely, by solving the transport problem using the method of the smallest element in the column and the method of potentials, and solving the travelling salesman problem using the branch and bound method. The scientific novelty of the work is the systematization of methods of greening the environment, identifying the capabilities of information systems used to achieve this goal, and applying the method of the smallest element in the column and the method of potentials to solve the transport problem, and the branch and bound method to solve the travelling salesman problem to achieve the ecological effect. The practical significance of the study is that the studied methods are used by processing enterprises to green their activities in transport operations. Keywords: greening, transport transportation, enterprise, transport task, salesman task, information systems JEL Classification C8, E17, Q3, Q53 Formulas: 3; fig.: 2; tabl.: 3; bibl.: 21.

Optimizing composition of a drug gel using release kinetics – A new way of approach

Hydrogels are potential substances that have their importance in drug delivery systems. The release of drug molecules embedded in the hydrogel structure involves different kinds of release mechanisms. The release of drug during the intermolecular arrangement due to swelling is the case I transport and that of swollen gel is case II transport. Many of the mathematical models suggested will account for only one kind of transport, however, the complete release of drug from gel matrix involve both the transport mechanisms. Crosslinked hyaluronic acid hydrogel system exhibit case I transport during the swelling and case II transport during the completely swollen state. The methodology proposed in this work aims to account for both transport cases and allows the selection of appropriate gel compositions. Data envelopment analysis using constant return to scale and variable return to scale methods are blended with Shannan's entropy to optimize the selection of gel compositions that account for both transport cases.

FUNCTIONING OF SELECTED AIRPORTS IN POLAND

Nowadays, air transport is treated as a dynamically developing sector of the world economy. The technological solutions used in this kind of transport are highly advanced; thus, generate high costs, ranging from research through production to the implementation phase. Due to its technological advancement, air transport has several significant advantages over other kinds of transport. This paper presents the characteristics of selected airports in Poland together with statistical data characterising the functioning of the airports. In addition, the plans in recent years regarding the development of air transport infrastructure in Poland were summarised.

On the prospects of hydrogen energy in transport

Introduction (problem statement and relevance). In recent years, attention to hydrogen as an alternative kind of transport fuel has been increasingly growing as hydrogen is considered to be capable of replacing petroleum traditional fuels. Moreover, it is believed that the use of hydrogen can solve the environmental problems of transport, reduce power plants energy driving costs and solve the problem of fossil resources depletion.The purpose of the study was to analyze hydrogen as a possible alternative fuel, assess its advantages and disadvantages taking into account both the variety of its usage and power environmental and economic aspects of hydrogen production together with problems associated with its practical use.Methodology and research methods. The analysis of hydrogen production has been carried out including its use as a possible fuel for motor vehicles.Results. High energy consumption, environmental imperfection of hydrogen production processes and related problems of its storage, transportation, power units as well as of the scarcity of some necessary resources do not provide grounds for optimistic assessments of economic and environmental assessments of vehicles powered by hydrogen.

COMPARATIVE FORECAST OF PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION IN LONG HAUL RAILWAY AND LONG-DISTANCE BUS SERVICE

The article presents methodological approaches to determining the volume of passenger service in long-distance railway connections and intercity bus services in Ukraine, which are expected in the coming years. Goal. The purpose of the study is to increase the reliability of the information base for making informed management decisions on the further development of the transport passenger complex. Methodology. In the process of research there was used a set of methods of expert assessment and logical analysis of possible factors influencing; economic and mathematical modeling; formalized extrapolation methods to determine the predictive parameters of influencing factors. Results. The forecast values of the number of transported passengers and the values of passenger turnover in long-distance railway and intercity bus connections in the short-term period are obtained. Originality. To estimate the forecast values of passenger traffic there was used the combination of methods of correlation-regression analysis and forecasting the magnitude of factors by the method of variable average. Practical value. The study of the patterns of passenger traffic dynamics revealed that in the next two years no significant changes are expected in the volume of work of both kinds of transport. However, in long-distance railway transport it is possible to increase passenger traffic by 1.6% (0.74 million passengers) and, accordingly, the annual passenger turnover will increase by 2.2%. In the intercity bus service, a slight decrease in the volume of passenger traffic by 0.8% (0.93 million passengers) is possible, and the rate of decrease in annual passenger turnover will be 0.5%. In the conditions of constant reduction of the population of Ukraine the most effective mechanism of ensuring further sustainable development of both types of passenger transportation is constant adjustment of tariff policy on the principles of flexibility and bonus tariff formation under condition of continuous improvement of services quality.

The Pulse of Urban Transport: Exploring the Co-evolving Pattern for Spatio-temporal Forecasting

Transportation demand forecasting is a topic of large practical value. However, the model that fits the demand of one transportation by only considering the historical data of its own could be vulnerable since random fluctuations could easily impact the modeling. On the other hand, common factors like time and region attribute, drive the evolution demand of different transportation, leading to a co-evolving intrinsic property between different kinds of transportation. In this work, we focus on exploring the co-evolution between different modes of transport, e.g., taxi demand and shared-bike demand. Two significant challenges impede the discovery of the co-evolving pattern: (1) diversity of the co-evolving correlation, which varies from region to region and time to time. (2) Multi-modal data fusion. Taxi demand and shared-bike demand are time-series data, which have different representations with the external factors. Moreover, the distribution of taxi demand and bike demand are not identical. To overcome these challenges, we propose a novel method, known as co-evolving spatial temporal neural network (CEST). CEST learns a multi-view demand representation for each mode of transport, extracts the co-evolving pattern, then predicts the demand for the target transportation based on multi-scale representation, which includes fine-scale demand information and coarse-scale pattern information. We conduct extensive experiments to validate the superiority of our model over the state-of-art models.