Kinds Of Fields Research Articles

Small error—Big confusion: The deep understanding of the Doppler effect

Up to date, physics has neglected the crucial role of the relative velocity in the Doppler Effect. This is a small error in appearance, but it brings big problems to all of physics. Observed frequency is dependent only on the relative velocity between wavefronts and the wave source/observer. This new approach to the Doppler Effect finds application in all kinds of fields, when the source (observer) is moving.

Using hybrid algorithm to reduce non-working distance in intra- and inter-field logistics simultaneously for heterogeneous harvesters

Reducing the non-working distance for agricultural vehicles is beneficial for reducing the total operational costs for farmers. In this study, we optimize the non-working distance in intra- and inter-fields simultaneously for harvesters while harvesting rice. A mixed integer programming is presented for optimizing the rice harvesting problem, where a similar working time for all harvesters are considered based on a real case. Besides, in this model, two kinds of fields, namely moist and non-moist fields are considered, where the first can only be harvested by crawler harvesters while the second can be harvested by any type of harvester. This model aims to find an optimal schedule for the harvesters. A hybrid algorithm using both adaptive large neighborhood search and tabu search techniques is implemented to optimize the problem. A case study is considered to verify the performance of the hybrid algorithm. The results indicate that the hybrid algorithm is an effective method for solving the rice harvesting problem because the total non-working distance could be improved significantly by 15.3%. The proportion of moist fields is analyzed because it influences the schedule significantly. When compared to the traditional method for optimizing the non-working distance for harvesters, the total non-working distance in this method could be reduced by 6.2%. This paper provides farmers with a general framework for reducing the non-working distance in intra- and inter-field logistics, which results in a more efficient performance of the harvesters in the fields.

Laser-induced persistent orientation of chiral molecules

We show, both classically and quantum mechanically, enantioselective orientation of gas phase chiral molecules excited by laser fields with twisted polarization. Counterintuitively, the induced orientation, whose direction is laser controllable, does not disappear after the excitation, but stays approximately constant long after the end of the laser pulses, behavior unique to chiral systems. We computationally demonstrate this long-lasting orientation using propylene oxide molecules (${\rm CH_{3}CHCH_{2}O}$, or PPO) as an example, and consider two kinds of fields with twisted polarization: a pair of delayed cross-polarized pulses, and an optical centrifuge. This novel chiral effect opens new avenues for detecting molecular chirality, measuring enantiomeric excess and separating enantiomers with the help of inhomogeneous external fields.

Synthesis and observation of non-Abelian gauge fields in real space.

Particles placed inside an Abelian (commutative) gauge field can acquire different phases when traveling along the same path in opposite directions, as is evident from the Aharonov-Bohm effect. Such behaviors can get significantly enriched for a non-Abelian gauge field, where even the ordering of different paths cannot be switched. So far, real-space realizations of gauge fields have been limited to Abelian ones. We report an experimental synthesis of non-Abelian gauge fields in real space and the observation of the non-Abelian Aharonov-Bohm effect with classical waves and classical fluxes. On the basis of optical mode degeneracy, we break time-reversal symmetry in different manners, via temporal modulation and the Faraday effect, to synthesize tunable non-Abelian gauge fields. The Sagnac interference of two final states, obtained by reversely ordered path integrals, demonstrates the noncommutativity of the gauge fields. Our work introduces real-space building blocks for non-Abelian gauge fields, relevant for classical and quantum exotic topological phenomena.

An optical contortionist

Topological Optics The development of gauge fields is fundamental to our theoretical understanding of interactions in physical systems. There are two kinds of fields: Abelian, in which the measured effects on an observable parameter are commutative; and non-Abelian (noncommutative), where the sequence in which the field is applied matters. The latter are more difficult to realize in solid-state systems, but recent theoretical work has suggested that these could be synthesized optically. Yang et al. generated non-Abelian gauge fields by cascading multiple nonreciprocal optical elements and verified this accomplishment by the observed interference patterns in a Sagnac interferometer. Having a system that is tunable between Abelian and non-Abelian regimes will be important for studying complex topological states in photonic platforms. Science , this issue p. [1021][1] [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.aay3183

Ru‐Shi Liu

"The secret of being a successful scientist is to contribute results that benefit humanity. My biggest inspiration is to develop an idea which can come true …" Find out more about Ru-Shi Liu in his Author Profile.

Analysis of electrostatic and static magnetic field problems by advanced domain decomposition method

In this Letter, a finite element-based domain decomposition method (DDM) with a novel transmission condition (TC) for the computation of electromagnetic or other kinds of fields by splitting the original large domain into several small non-overlapping sub-domains is proposed. The TC is derived from the definition of thermal contact resistance and is then imposed through an interior penalty formulation. The advantage of the proposed DDM is that no extra unknowns are introduced and the system matrix arising from the finite element method will be symmetric and positive definite. A Krylov subspace iterative method, preconditioned conjugate gradient, is adopted for the solution of the matrix equation. To verify the reliability and accuracy of the proposed DDM, both three-dimensional electrostatic and static magnetic models are calculated. In some deeper sense, the proposed DDM can be widely used in other fields of computational electromagnetics.

Mapping qualitative research in psychology across five Central-Eastern European countries: Contemporary trends: A paradigm analysis

ABSTRACTThis study describes the current state of qualitative psychology and gives an overview of the philosophical paradigms used in English language qualitative psychology studies from the post-socialist countries of Central Eastern Europe. For political and historical reasons, academic life of this area is unique, providing a special field for investigation. This study explored the following research questions: Which philosophical paradigms are used in qualitative psychology? What kind of methods are applied? What kind of fields in psychology are examined? Thirty-five articles were analysed from five countries. Articles were examined through their paradigmatic considerations, using a dichotomous qualitative quasi-testing to distinguish positivist/postpositivist from interpretive/constructivist paradigms. We examined the methodology and content of various articles and analysed the keywords to explore common themes of interest. A dominant constructivist philosophical approach was present. Pure positivist articles were found to be quite rare, but mixed paradigms seemed to be frequent. Most of the methodologies were not specified. In terms of interest, the most commonly examined field was found to be social psychology. In the postsocialist era, mixed paradigms were conspicuous since culture and tradition might have had a significant effect on ontology, epistemology, and knowledge of the researcher.

Implementasi Fuzzy Logic dalam Pembuatan Kontrol Navigasi Mobile Robot

Artificial Intelligence is defined as intelligence exhibited by an artificial entity. Intelligence was created and put into a machine that can do the job as do humans. Some kinds of fields that use artificial intelligence include fuzzy logic, expert systems, computer games, neural networks and robotics. The purpose of research is Applying the theory of fuzzy logic in the manufacture of robot control and create teaching materials for the subjects of physics, especially on the concept of a microcontroller or other allied subjects of the research conducted. In this study apply fuzzy logic on the movement of wheeled robot control where in the controlling controlled via a smartphone which is then processed by a microcontroller Arduino that has grown the program by applying the method of fuzzy logic rule. Then by the microcontroller is used as a command to drive the DC motor as a navigation system that course in accordance with the rules created. Every step of the control system provides a signal in the form of a large steering angle (θ) which guides the robot to the target of a starting position. The results showed that the application of a system of fuzzy logic can be implemented in a navigation system for a robot control and the results of testing the robot's movement, then obtained some data points specified coordinates with the coordinates of the control robot acquired a 96% accuracy rate.

Dark matter from a vector field in the fundamental representation ofSU(2)L

We explore an extension to the Standard Model which incorporates a vector field in the fundamental representation of $SU(2)_L$ as the only non-standard degree of freedom. This kind of field may appear in different scenarios such as Compositness, Gauge-Higgs unification and extradimensional scenarios. We study the model in which a $Z_2$ symmetry is manifest, making the neutral CP-even component of the new vector field a vectorial dark matter candidate. We constraint the parameter space through LEP and LHC data, as well as from current dark matter searches. Additionally, comment on the implications of perturbative unitarity are presented. We find that the model is highly constrained but a small region of the parameter space can provide a viable DM candidate. On the other hand, unitarity demands an UV completion at an scale below 10 TeV. Finally we contrast our predictions on mono-jet, -$Z$, -Higgs production with the ones obtained in the inert Two Higgs Doublet Model.

Review: Sarmatians – History and Archaeology of a Forgotten People, by Istvánovits, Eszter, and Valéria Kulcsár

Istvanovits, Eszter, and Valeria Kulcsar. Sarmatians – History and Archaeology of a Forgotten People . Mainz: Romisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, 2017. 501 pp, 329 ill. 978-3884672372. €90. “Ethnic discourse” has frequently constituted a divisive element in the study of Late Antiquity, surpassing even the debates surrounding the “fall of Rome.” This book proves that close attention to groups of ancient people can also do the opposite: Istvanovits and Kulcsar forge connections among diverse geographic and temporal fields of research through their search for the Sarmatians. The reader should note that the volume seeks actual Sarmatians insofar as archaeology can locate and describe them, not the Sarmatian as concept or literary phenomenon. Out of the many kinds of books about “barbarians,” the authors have crafted a kind of field guide to their subject as an elusive but important species, and the result is akin to a guided tour through an incredibly thorough and extensively illustrated museum of the Sarmatian. Istvanovits and Kulcsar begin with careful attention to the geography of the plains inhabited by the Sarmatians, stretching from Inner Asia at the junction of modern Russia, Mongolia, and China to the …

Small field size dose-profile measurements using MAGIC- f polymer gel dosimeter and EBT3 film dosimeter

Introduction: In radiotherapy, treatment planning methods are evaluating and transforming every day, so precision in calculation and determination of dose delivery process is performing more important role in radiotherapy than past. In modern radiotherapy treatments, deramatically increase of small fields utilization, causes the polymeric gels has known as the most reliable dosimeter for this kind of fields. Polymer gel dosimeters contain radiation sensitive materials that are irradiated as a function of polymerized absorbed dose, and the spatial information of the radiation dose distribution is extracted by imaging the irradiated gel. In this study, the polymeric system dosimeters performance MAGIC-f gel which obtained from the MRI imaging method, were compared with the EBT3 film dosimeter. Materials and Methods: A polymer gel type called MAGIC-f was applied in this study is as the same as type of polymer used in Fernandes et al study. After preparing the required gel and pouring it into phantoms and calibration tubes, they were irradiated with 6 MV photon beam, then dose distribution R2 maps were obtained by (3T MRI) taking MR images of them. Dicom images and necessary parameters were extracted by MATLAB and imagej software. The dose-profile was measured for three small field size (5,10,15 mm diameters) by using polymer gel compared with results of the EBT3 film dosimetry. Results: With Comparing the obtained results of two dosimeters, the maximum difference between the measured profiles was observed in penumbra areas (out of range). In these regions, the penumbra which measured by MAGIC-f was almost 1 mm larger than the measured width of penumbra by EBT3 film dosimeter. The maximum variation was seen in the flat area (isodose 90%) of the 0.5×0.5 cm2 dose profile curve was 4.68%. In the 1×1 and 1.5×1.5 cm2 fields, the greatest difference in the flat area of dose profile curve was 3.04% and 4.48%. Conclusion: In summarize MAGIC-f gel is more convenient and stable dosimeter than film for small fields studies. Moreover, it has a substantial potential for utilization as a 3D dosimeter in clinical applications of radiation therapy. Differences in the cross-sectional dose profile curves between polymer gel dosimeters (MAGIC-f) and film EBT3 can explain by various factors, such as way of preparing gel, materials quality which used in gel composition, and the quality of the imaging system.

Analysis and Design of System Information in KPR Decision Making Using AHP and SAW methods (Study Case: PT. Bintang Baru)

In this era, the development of information technology is so fast that it cannot be looked away. This development of information technology is going to affect many kinds of fields, including developer. The point of this development is to help the work done by the people become easier. One of its benefit is in decision making. Decision mistakes is one of the general problems that usually happened in decision making. A system will be made with the purpose to ease the decisions making process through methods. The methods are Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) as weight calculation and Simple Addictive Weighting (SAW) as an alternative calculation media. In this system there are 5 criteria which are: non-fixed income, living cost, age, SPT Pph Ps. 21 for credit and paycheck. There are 11 alternative that can be used as a consideration for the manager. By using AHP method which has a consistent ratio reaching 96,62% and SAW, the selection process is going to be faster than it used to be, helping the Manager in making the decision also lessen the use of space and paper

Long-Term Effects of Unmodified 50nm ZnO in Mice.

Nanometer zinc oxide (nano-ZnO) is widely used in many kinds of fields. However, information about the toxicity and toxic mechanism of nano-ZnO is limited. The aims of this study were to investigate the long-term toxic effects of unmodified 50nm ZnO administered by gavage in mice. After 90days, hematological parameters, hepatic and renal functions, and oxidative and anti-oxidative status were measured. Pathological damages in livers, kidneys, and other tissues were also examined by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The results showed that oral nano-ZnO exposure induced anemia and damages to liver and kidney, influenced the antioxidant system, and impacted functions of liver and kidney in mice after a 90-day exposure. The main cause for oxidative stress in vivo induced by nano-ZnO might be hydroxyl free radical. The lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) was 40mg/kg·bw, and the livers, kidneys, lungs, pancreas, and gastrointestinal tracts are the target organs.

A New Route to Fabricate Multifunctional and Multistage Composite Nanoparticle

The focus of nanoparticle research is on exploring its application in all kinds of field. Among these, multifunctional nanoparticle attracts increasing interest due to its fittest property and adjustable property. Herein, a multifunctional and multistage nanoparticle considering the advantage of both nanogel and pH-responsive property has been designed and synthesized in the research. The composite nanoparticle was obtained by in situ processing and polymerization technique using acetylated β-cyclodextrin and gelatin as materials. Gelatin was first encapsulated into Ac-β-CD nanoparticle in order to investigate optimal fabrication conditions of W/O/W technique. The results showed that the nanoparticle had monodisperse characteristic and coarse spherical morphology, which was influenced by factors such as PVA concentration and water/oil ratio. In further step, two-phase composite nanoparticle could be obtained by combined W/O/W technique and in situ polymerization using optimal preparative parameters of W/O/W technique. Two-phase structure could be confirmed by TEM images and DLS results. Fabrication temperature had no effect on the diameters of composite nanoparticle, but influenced the encapsulated efficiency of nanogel. Finally, composite nanoparticle showed quick pH response property at mild acid medium and no obvious cytotoxicity.

Big Data and Fans Economy Oriented Star Node Mining Improved Algorithm in Social Networks Based on Acquaintance Immunization

With the booming and development of modern technologies in all kinds of fields, the scale of social networks is getting larger and larger, and it is more and more difficult to mine star nodes from this kind of network. On the basis of analyzing the relations among big data, fans economy and star nodes in social network in detail, aiming at the deficiencies of a star node mining algorithm proposed by us, a big data and fans economy oriented improved algorithm based on acquaintance immunization is put forward. Multiple contrast experiments on Karate club network and Dolphin social network demonstrate that the improved algorithm is superior to the old one from the quantity, degree and influence aspects of the mined star nodes.

Hamiltonian formalism and constraint analysis of three-form matter models coupled with general relativity

A Hamiltonian analysis of models given by a three-form field with a generic potential coupled to general relativity in four dimensions is performed. This kind of fields are naturally present in string theory and cosmological scenarios. In particular, the action that will be considered has been extensively used during the last years to propose inflationary and dark energy models. Nevertheless, in order to keep the discussion as generic as possible, neither symmetries nor a specific form of the potential for the three-form field will be imposed. Interesting and relevant results about the number of dynamical degrees of freedom of these models are obtained. In addition, the analogy with a weakly-coupled scalar field is discussed. Finally, as a particular example of this generic framework, the homogeneous and isotropic cosmological case will be presented.

Unruh effect as a result of quantization of spacetime

A way to encode acceleration directly into fields has recently being proposed, thus establishing a new kind of fields, the accelerated fields. The definition of accelerated fields points to the quantization of space and time, analogously to the way quantities like energy and momentum are quantized in usual quantum field theories. Unruh effect has been studied in connection with quantum field theory in curved spacetime and it is described by recruiting a uniformly accelerated observer. In this work, as a first attempt to demonstrate the utility of accelerated fields, we present an alternative way to derive Unruh effect. We show, by studying quantum field theory on quantum spacetime, that Unruh effect can be obtained without changing the reference frame. Thus, in the framework of accelerated fields, the observational confirmation of Unruh effect could be assigned to the existence of quantum properties of spacetime.

Intelligence Context Aware Mobile Navigation using Augmented Reality Technology

Most of the technologies of today’s world, which are enriched with various powerful features and amazing quality characteristics, enables software developers to come up with best possible software solutions, no matter what the context of the particular issue. Technologies such as Augmented Reality (AR), is utilized almost every kind of fields in today’s society. As computers become more advanced through mobile devices and wearable technology, augmented reality will become a seamless experience that is a part of our everyday lives. In the context of this work, an Intelligence mobile navigation application for the King Abdul Aziz University Rabigh is developed enabling the user to find specific locations on campus and offers the ability to explore the campus environment via AR. Furthermore, the system, Mobile Campus Navigation with Augmented Reality application is capable of giving guidance in outdoor location navigating and retrieving details of campus officials and lecturers. With the proposed system, it is expected to serve as a useful and informative navigate helper for both students of King Abdul Aziz University and for the visitors, at outdoor locations and to use as an application to check officials and lecturer availability and retrieve detail about them when they are not available at the office at any time.

Image Deformation With Vector-Field Interpolation Based on MRLS-TPS

Image deformation has been successfully applied in many different kinds of fields. However, how to get an approach with high efficiency and perfect visual effect remains a challenging task. In this paper, we present a vector-field interpolation method for non-rigid image deformation, which is based on moving regularized least squares (MRLS) optimization with a thin-plate spline (TPS). The proposed approach takes user-controlled points as input data and estimates the spatial transformation for each pixel by the control points. In order to achieve a realistic deformation, we formulate the deformation as a novel closed-form transformation estimation problem by MRLS. Unlike moving least squares (MLS), we model the mapping function by a non-rigid TPS function with a regularization coefficient. Therefore, the deformation not only satisfies the global linear affine transformation but also adapts to local non-rigid deformation. In terms of the transformation, we derive a closed-form solution and achieve a fast implementation. Furthermore, the approach can show us a wonderful user experience and can give us a fast and convenient manipulating. Extensive experiments on 2D images and 3D surfaces demonstrated that the proposed method performs better than other state-of-the-art methods like MLS and the commercial software as Adobe PhotoShop CS 6, especially in the case of flexible object motion.