Kinds Of Fields Research Articles

CERN, the LHC, the Higgs boson and the rest

Abstract The Higgs field was proposed in 1964 as a new kind of field that fills the entire Universe and gives mass to all elementary particles. The Higgs boson, a wave in that field, was discovered at CERN in 2012 by the two international collaborations ATLAS and CMS which operate the two eponymous detectors installed at the Large Hadron Collider. This achievement was the result of several decades of scientific developments and constructions by hundreds of teams, thousands of scientists and staff all over the globe. None of this would have been possible without the vision and dedication of a few individuals who set up the scene in the years post-World War II.

Application of fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in sample preparation: Material characterization and mechanism investigation

The principle of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is based on atoms vibration and rotation, and it has become a universal and widely used spectral methodology to detect the internal molecular structures in all kinds of fields. Numerous review articles related to the applications of FTIR spectroscopy have been published in recent years. In addition, more and more scientists are aware the significance role of sample preparation to improve our life quality in life science. However, the application of FTIR spectroscopy in sample preparation hasn't been summarized. Thus, in the current paper, the application of FTIR spectroscopy in sample preparation was reviewed with the focuses on characterization of separation materials including both solid sorbents and liquid extractants, and the extraction mechanisms involved in the separation towards different targets including inorganic molecules such as rare earth elements, organic molecules such as phenolics, pharmaceuticals and illicit-drugs, and biomacromolecules of DNA and proteins. We believe that the current paper will be interested for the researchers in food science, forensic medicine, clinical medicine, environmental analysis and analytical chemistry.

Unconstrained Lagrangian formulation for bosonic continuous spin theory in flat spacetime of arbitrary dimension

We have discovered two unconstrained forms of free Lagrangian for continuous spin(CS) theory in arbitrary flat spacetime dimension for bosonic case. These Lagrangians, unlike that by Schuster and Toro, do not include delta functions and are conventional. The first form consists of five kinds of totally symmetric helicity fields and one kind of gauge parameter. By introducing auxiliary creation and annihilation operators, each is combined into a state vector in Fock space, including all ranks one by one. The Lagrangian imposes no constraints, such as trace conditions, on these fields or the gauge parameter field. Additionally, the Lagrangian does not contain higher-order derivative terms. In the limit as CS parameter μ approaches zero, it naturally reproduces a Lagrangian for helicity fields in higher spin(HS) theory, known as unconstrained quartet formulation. Permitting third-order derivatives, we also obtain the second unconstrained form of Lagrangian that can be written in terms of three kinds of fields, including μ, similar to the formulation by Francia and Sagnotti. Partial gauge fixing and partial use of equations of motion (EOM) on this Lagrangian yield a Fronsdal-like Lagrangian with a single double-traceless field, including μ. By imposing further gauge fixing on the field in the EOM with respect to divergence and trace, we confirm the reproduction of the modified Wigner equations already known in literature.

Genetic Variability Analysis for Yield and Its Attributing Traits in Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) under Phosphorus-sufficient and Deficient Field Conditions

Aim: The present study aims to identify phosphorus deficiency tolerant rice genotypes under both phosphorus-sufficient and deficient conditions. Materials and Methods: Two kinds of fields (high and low phosphorus content) were selected based on their soil phosphorus availability. Hundred diverse rice germplasm was collected and planted in an augmented design along with four local checks namely, Swarna sub-1, MTU 1153, MTU 7029 and Uttar Sona. The data was recorded for 14 traits and subjected to different types of variability analysis. Place and Season of Study: The experiment took place at instructional Farm of Uttar Banga Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India during the Kharif season of 2021. Results: The variability analysis revealed that phosphorus uptake showed a high genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) under phosphorus-deficient condition and high phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) under both conditions. Grain yield showed high GCV and PCV under both the phosphorus conditions. Heritability was moderate whereas high Genetic advance as percentage of mean was observed under both the conditions for both phosphorus uptake and grain yield. Strong positive correlations were observed between days to flowering and various yield-related traits under both the conditions. Positive correlation was observed between phosphorus uptake and grain yield under phosphorus-sufficient condition, but a weaker correlation under phosphorus-deficient condition.

Ladner, Andreas & Sager, Fritz (Eds.) (2022). Handbook on the Politics of Public Administration. Edward Elgar Publishing. 428 Seiten. ISBN-978–1839109430.

The relationship between politics and administration is a classic theme of public administration, while it has been rather ignored in political science. The handbook provides an excellent overview of their interdependencies. It is useful both as a reference to inform oneself quickly and reliably about their relationship in all kinds of fields (and countries, from the US over Russia, China, Japan to Mexico etc.) but it should be particularly valuable as a supplementary textbook, especially in the wake of the (New) Public Management fashion, which often thrived on simple, not to say naive, ideas of the separation of politics and administration. Whether one is interested in e. g. bureaucracy, decentralization, new public governance, administrative reform, implementation, evaluation, regulation, administrative law, international administration, evidence-based policy making, performance management, staffing, accountability or digitalization, one finds short, concise contributions that clarify the political dimensions in these areas, which otherwise are often treated rather technocratically.

Computing the binomial part of a polynomial ideal

Given an ideal I in a polynomial ring K[x1,…,xn] over a field K, we present a complete algorithm to compute the binomial part of I, i.e., the subideal Bin(I) of I generated by all monomials and binomials in I. This is achieved step-by-step. First we collect and extend several algorithms for computing exponent lattices in different kinds of fields. Then we generalize them to compute exponent lattices of units in 0-dimensional K-algebras, where we have to generalize the computation of the separable part of an algebra to non-perfect fields in characteristic p. Next we examine the computation of unit lattices in finitely generated K-algebras, as well as their associated characters and lattice ideals. This allows us to calculate Bin(I) when I is saturated with respect to the indeterminates by reducing the task to the 0-dimensional case. Finally, we treat the computation of Bin(I) for general ideals by computing their cellular decomposition and dealing with finitely many special ideals called (s,t)-binomial parts. All algorithms have been implemented in SageMath.

“Back Then it was Only Men Who Worked in These Kinds of Fields”: Observing Little Sparks Through the Prism of Affect and Gender in Maker Literacies Research

AbstractThis article delves into moments of affect, puncturing the exchanges between an early career 2SLGBTQ+ researcher and a group of Canadian adolescents, mostly composed of girls, who developed a ClayMation video to take the pulse of emerging vibrancies in maker literacies. Among these dynamisms came the matter of gender in the research project. Adopting a dynamic framework that builds on affect theory coupled with queer phenomenology to frame an affective researcher positionality, the author addresses implications of de/constructing gender with/in maker literacies work. To situate her queer positionality, she explores the possibility of coexisting truths in the relationalities that took place in space‐multiplicities of the makerspace, and during moments where she was driving to the research site, going home, taking part in conversations, or drafting notes. Related student data are presented through posthuman vignettes comprised of situated dynamisms between recorded open‐ended interviews, adolescent maps inspired by Hamon's situated geographies, field notes, and digital compositions. Implications for research and practice include: ways of becoming‐with data otherwise and attending to affective phenomena in the context of maker literacies, with the overall aim of de/constructing gender binaries. The author concludes with research and practical implications for literacies work, specifically in co‐constructing methodologies and designs that help reimagine more equitable maker literacies futures.

Research and analysis of matrix multiplica-tion in distributed learning algorithms

Matrix multiplication have become increasingly important nowa-days, which is applied in many kinds of fields. In this case, the need to improve the speed and efficiency of matrix multiplication is in-creasing. In this paper, the author analyzes some relevant theories about matrix multiplication as well as the advantage and disad-vantage of some applications that based on matrix multiplication. It turns out that matrix multiplication has a lot of room for devel-opment in the future cause the current method still has many de-fects and is not perfect. For example, it will still take plenty of time to finish the process of matrix multiplication when the matrices are large in size. However, its gratifying that some improvements have been achieved, which can help to optimize the efficiency. In addi-tion, some advanced methods start to appear. For instance, the method of combining matrix multiplication with AI provides a new direction for future research and development. Consequently, it is predictable that a significant achievement to optimize matrix mul-tiplication will be made in the future.

Neutrino oscillations in the interaction picture

We study the mixing of different kind of fields (scalar in 0+1D, scalar in 3+1D, fermion in 3+1D) treating the mixing term as an interaction. To this aim, we employ the usual perturbative series in the interaction picture. We find that expression for flavor changing probability exhibits corrections with respect to the usual quantum mechanical (e.g. neutrino) oscillation formula, in agreement with the result previously obtained in the non-perturbative flavor Fock space approach.

Digital media and its role in achieving sustainable development in contemporary societies / a theoretical approach

There are many ideas and thoughts which need to have a theoretical foundation before any kind of field and practical studies can be initiated. Among these ideas is the attempt to explain the mutual relation between the advanced digital services and the raising of the public level of efficiency of using this highly- developed technology. The present study is a theoretical approach aiming, in the first place, at describing the nature of such relation and at making a distinction between its items and the building of a cognitive and scientific base with the sole purpose of raising the efficiency of the users on how to understand the development and accept new ideas. Before the emergence of digital technology, human societies could hardly accept a change in their lives but today's societies are more open and can easily and automatically welcome any new ideas coming from the various social media sites such as face-book, twitter, Instagram and WhatsApp. Added to this, in modern societies no one can dispute the possibility of using or not using this technology. Also, the users' level of education dealing with technology must be taken into consideration. There are some people such as children who can't read and write but they prove to be skillful in using this technology. They depend mainly on the mental picture which they acquire from their daily contact with this technology. Proceeding from above, the study tries to pose some possible questions relating to the subject. Can advanced technology bring about a change in the structure of society? Can digital technology provide opportunities for self-education for its users? If the answer is yes, can we employ them for solving problems of decision making in our daily life? Can they contribute in developing our creative and innovative thinking? What are the modern philosophies in the field of human resources management? Can a study of human resources management contribute in raising the efficiency of development? What are the possible approaches for such a study? Keywords: digital media, human resources management, social networks, citizen journalism

Comparing Logistic Regression and Support Vector Machine in Breast Cancer Problem

There are several methods used for the classification problems. There are many different kinds of fields that can be used. Nowadays, Support Vector Machine (SVM) is a popular classification method that has been proposed by many researchers. Using the same method but different distribution methods for creating training and testing data in the same dataset can yield varying results in terms of prediction accuracy, which is crucial in classification. In this paper, we compare the prediction accuracy between SVM results and Logistic Regression results to determine the better method to classify the current condition of the patient after undergoing some treatment. Several treatments are used in this paper, including feature selection, feature extraction, separating the train and testing data using Holdout and K-Fold CV. Stepwise selection is done to reduce the features. Training and testing dataset is obtained using the five stratified and non-stratified holdout and five fold stratified and non-stratified cross validation. The result shows that the best method to classify the cancer dataset is five fold stratified cross validation SVM with radial kernel. The obtained accuracy is 81,816% with variance as much as 0,94%.

Development of a novel beam profiling prototype with laser self-mixing via the knife-edge approach

Laser is widely used in industry, biomedical and other kinds of fields. Beam size is the most important parameter among the laser variables. Typical state-of-the-art profiling techniques employ either a scanning-based or camera-based system, using photodiodes or image sensors as the signal receiver. Despite their profiling capabilities, these systems do not tend to be budget-friendly and easy to operate. In this paper, a novel cost-effective beam profiling prototype based on self-mixing interference was developed to measure the Full Width Half Maximum (FWHM) of a range of laser diodes by the knife-edge approach. The difference between our prototype and other systems is that the photodiode is placed behind the laser source, and beam size is calculated by analyzing the feedback signal. A commercial camera beam profiler was used to benchmark our prototype. Results show that though there is a variation of 45.29 % and 65.44 % between the measured beam size and the integrated beam size in the x and y directions due to diffuse and specular reflection, our USD 200 prototype has an accuracy ranging from 89.59 % to 98.74 % on the prediction of laser beam sizes. Our prototype could provide accurate predicted beam size both for Gaussian-alike beam and top-hat-alike beam. This is the very first study to explore the application of self-mixing interference in laser beam profiling. It is believed that our proposed approach has contributed to the on-going development of laser beam profiling methodology.

Optical conductivity of multi-Weyl node semimetals due to electromagnetic and axial pseudogauge fields

We compute the optical conductivity of a multi-Weyl semimetal in the presence of electromagnetic and axial fields. In the first part of the paper we use a U(1) gauge field to compute the current of a multi-Weyl semimetal. The current is used in the computation of the optical conductivity within the Kubo–Matsubara formalism. We consider a multi-Weyl semimetal with two nodal points in the z-direction. The multi-Weyl semimetal has a width D in the transverse direction which is smaller than the length L in the longitudinal direction. Due to the width D we replace the model by a sum of transverse modes in 1+1 dimensions. We then regularize the model in 1+1 dimensions. The nodal points are responsible for a constant axial field and a static anomalous Hall effect. In the second part we study the effect of dynamic axial fields. An elastic deformation couples to the two electronic chiralities, and represents the axial pseudogauge field a→5. As a consequence, the system is excited by two kinds of field, the electromagnetic one and the axial strain field. For a Weyl system this is represented by the triangle diagram, which is responsible for the anomalous Hall effect. We can obtain the anomalous Hall effect also by a chiral transformation in 1+1 dimensions using regularization. The chiral transformation modifies the path integration measure and is the source of the induced anomalous Hall effect. The latter is controlled by a combination of strain waves and electromagnetic fields.

The Role of the West Java Regional Government in the Pandemic Period in Overcoming the Covid-19 Virus (Studies Analysis of Discourse on Decision Making by the Government of West Java Province)

At the beginning of the emergence of the Covid-19 outbreak, many things changed and were affected. Various kinds of fields and aspects in life also inevitably follow suit. Such as the economy, health, education, and so forth. It's no different in the field of government in Indonesia, there have been many changes and adjustments in order to cope with the effects of Covid-19. All regions in Indonesia apply the rules in accordance with the direction of the central government which then continues with the policies for each province. The Regional Government of West Java Province is considered quite attractive because it is responsive and effective in preventing the spread. Covid-19 cases in the area. The decision-making factor is one of the factors that is in the spotlight, in relation to internal communication.

Applications of Big Data technology in Intelligent Transportation System

With the continuous development of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS), amount of data can be collected, generated and used by ITS, and the application of big data technology in Intelligent Transportation System is also applied in different kinds of fields. This paper first explains the definition of big data and intelligent transportation systems. Second, the framework of big data technology in the Intelligent Transport System (ITS) is introduced, which summarizes the data collection methods in specific scenarios of ITS, the application methods of data analysis in ITS, and the application of big data technology in ITS. Furthermore, this paper introduces several case studies on the application of big data technology in ITS, including public transport service planning, road traffic flow prediction, road traffic accident analysis, personal travel route planning, rail traffic management and control, and data analysis and prediction of bridge safety. Finally, this paper discusses some challenges of using big data technology in ITS.

A study on anabelian geometry of higher local fields

Anabelian geometry has been developed over a much wider class of fields than Grothendieck, who is the originator of anabelian geometry, conjectured. So, it is natural to ask the following question: What kinds of fields are suitable for the base fields of anabelian geometry? In this paper, we consider this problem for higher local fields. First, to consider “anabelianness” of higher local fields themselves, we give mono-anabelian reconstruction algorithms of various invariants of higher local fields from their absolute Galois groups. As a result, the isomorphism classes of certain types of higher local fields are completely determined by their absolute Galois groups. Next, we prove that mixed-characteristic higher local fields are Kummer-faithful. This result affirms the above question for these higher local fields to a certain extent.

Synthesis and Characterization of rGO/Fe3O4 Nanocomposite as Counter Electrode for Dye Sensitized Solar Cell

Abstract: In this project work deals with the synthesis and characterization of rGO/Fe3o4 nanocomposite as counter electrode for dye sensitized solar cell . The growing population in the world arouses energy concerns in all kinds of fields. It is mandatory to meet our everyday energy demands from solar, wind, geothermal, and so on. The proposed Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC’s) belong to the group of thin-film solar cells that have been the subject of research for more than two decades due to their low cost, simple preparation methodology, low toxicity, ease of production, and simple methodology. Still, there is a lot of scope for the replacement of current DSSC’s materials due to their high cost, limited abundance, and long-term stability. These cells have the advantages of low-energy and high-throughout processing technologies, low material costs, and the ability to work even in low incident light conditions. To studied about the structural and morphological properties of synthesized rGO/Fe3O4 nanocomposite by using various characterization techniques such as XRD analysis, then the efficiency of existing DSSC’s may be upto 10-12% by using eosin yellow dyes and optimising material.

Consciousness: Matter or EMF?

Conventional theories of consciousness (ToCs) that assume that the substrate of consciousness is the brain's neuronal matter fail to account for fundamental features of consciousness, such as the binding problem. Field ToC's propose that the substrate of consciousness is the brain's best accounted by some kind of field in the brain. Electromagnetic (EM) ToCs propose that the conscious field is the brain's well-known EM field. EM-ToCs were first proposed only around 20 years ago primarily to account for the experimental discovery that synchronous neuronal firing was the strongest neural correlate of consciousness (NCC). Although EM-ToCs are gaining increasing support, they remain controversial and are often ignored by neurobiologists and philosophers and passed over in most published reviews of consciousness. In this review I examine EM-ToCs against established criteria for distinguishing between ToCs and demonstrate that they outperform all conventional ToCs and provide novel insights into the nature of consciousness as well as a feasible route toward building artificial consciousnesses.

Implementation consensus algorithm and leader-follower of multi-robot system formation

Robot technology has recently been applied to many applications to help human activities. Mobile Robot is one of the most flexible robot technology. This research uses a mobile robot designed using an omnidirectional wheel for the movement mechanism. Coordination and control of multi-robots can be assigned to perform any task from a different kind of field. Therefore, this paper aims to develop a multi-robot system to form a formation to do the task. The multi-robot system consists of three units Mobile Robot. The formation system will be built based on a coordinate point determined by a consensus point. The leader-follower topology is used to determine the orientation of the robot. ROS (Robot Operating System) is used as middleware to create a multi-robot system. The Open Base package in Gazebo Simulator is also used to simulate the movement of the multi-robot. From three test scenarios, this research results show that all the robots can do and follow the tasks simulated in the Gazebo with an average accuracy of 88.14%. Furthermore, no feedback from the robot to the Gazebo Simulator affects the robot's accuracy average below 90%.

Picture Processing Optimization Technology Based on Mask R-CNN Algorithm

Picture processing is applied in all kind of fields, such as space science research, medical imaging, photography art. Because the human vision system is a complex nonlinear dynamic system, the traditional image enhancement methods often can not meet the requirements of real-time in practical applications. In the face of a large number of images, it is of great practical significance to obtain practical information from these data. With the rapid development of computer CnTech, image compression coding CnTech has also made great progress. And through the Mask R-CNN algorithm for effective segmentation and image recognition, can help people face massive image information, to their own needs as the goal, to achieve efficient retrieval, analysis, induction. The traditional methods of image classification by manually selecting features or manually extracting template matching have some defects. In this paper, a Mask R-CNN image optimization processing CnTech is proposed, which can accurately identify images and has higher accuracy for image feature extraction. It is meaningful to achieve automatic and accurate segmentation of microscopic images. Through training on COCO data set, it is verified through experiments that there are problems in image segmentation and recognition. In Mask R-CNN model, resource consumption is reduced and the efficiency of image segmentation and recognition is improved. Compared with the current cutting-edge algorithms, the image object detection on the strength of Mask R-CNN model has significant advantages.