Kind Of Coherence Research Articles

Superconditioning

When can a shift from a prior to a posterior be represented by conditionalization? A well-known result, known as “superconditioning” and going back to work by Diaconis and Zabell, gives a sharp answer. This paper extends the result and connects it to the reflection principle and common priors. I show that a shift from a prior to a set of posteriors can be represented within a conditioning model if and only if the prior and the posteriors are connected via a general form of the reflection principle. Common priors can be characterized by principles that require a certain kind of coherence between distinct sets of posteriors. I discuss the implications these results have for diachronic and synchronic modes of updating, learning experiences, the common prior assumption of game theory, and time-slice epistemology.

Basis-independent quantum coherence and its distribution in spin chains with three-site interaction

Basis-independent coherence of spin-pairs and its distribution (collective and localized coherence) are studied in spin chains with three-site interaction. Firstly, we demonstrate that three kinds of coherence can correctly characterize the first-order quantum phase transition (QPT) induced by the anisotropy parameter, and the second-order QPT induced by the magnetic field and three-site interaction by their critical behaviors. Secondly, The triangle inequality between the basis-independent coherence and its distribution is verified, and the trade-off relations between the collective and localized coherence are captured by regulating the magnetic field. Lastly, we find that the collective coherence mainly contain the contributions from the classical and quantum correlations by virtue of the anisotropy parameter.

The Waste Land: Meaning and Multiplicity

"T.S. Eliot’s “stony rubbish ... / A heap of broken images” is often characterised as both The Waste Land’s theme, and the technique it employs to “connect” aspects of modernity. To read the poem from within the British twenty first century lyric tradition is to admire the way that such tessellation creates a literary whole. What lessons can be learnt for contemporary poetics, in an era characterised arguably less by a breakdown in meaning than by a multiplication of meanings: in the multiplying sources of authority offered by identity politics, or citizen journalism; in competing public discourses; in the ramifying identities one individual may acquire as they occupy a number of social or emotional roles? If the impulse of lyric poetry is to “sing” these into a kind of coherence, a unifying voice too often creates unifying perspective, is it possible that The Waste Land offers a counterexample?"

Classification of Coherent Enhancements of Light-Harvesting Processes.

Several kinds of coherence have recently been shown to affect the performance of light-harvesting systems, in some cases significantly improving their efficiency. Here, we classify the possible mechanisms of coherent efficiency enhancements, based on the types of coherence that can characterize a light-harvesting system and the types of processes these coherences can affect. We show that enhancements are possible only when coherences and dissipative effects are best described in different bases of states. Our classification allows us to predict a previously unreported coherent enhancement mechanism, where coherence between delocalized eigenstates can be used to localize excitons away from dissipation, thus reducing the rate of recombination and increasing efficiency.

A Prehistory of Cognitive Poetics: Neoclassicism and the Novel. Karin Kukkonen. New York: Oxford University Press, 2017. Pp. vi+263.

<i>A Prehistory of Cognitive Poetics: Neoclassicism and the Novel</i>. Karin Kukkonen. New York: Oxford University Press, 2017. Pp. vi+263.

KOHERENSI ANTARKALIMAT PADA PARAGRAF DALAM WACANA ILMIAH BAHASA JAWA (Coherence Between Sentences on Paragraph in Javanese Language Scientific Discourse)

This research discusses about various kinds of coherence between sentences in Javanese language scientific discourse. Qualitative descriptive method is used in this research due to objectives of the research that is to provide kinds of coherence between sentences in the Javanese language scientific discourse. The sentence coherence in Javanese scientific discourse paragraph can be differentiated as (1) causality, (2) analysis (partial analysis, functional analysis, process analysis), (3) opposition, (4) validation, (5) continuity, (6) addition, (7) sequence, and (8) explanation. Any kind of coherence can be signified with cohesion, which is not only originated from the Javanese language, but also can be absorbed from Indonesia language or not signified.

Looking for coherence in science curriculum

AbstractDespite myriad attempts over the years to design curricula with logical ordering and connections, concerns persist that students view science as a body of prescribed information to memorize. In this essay, we argue that attempts to build coherence into the curriculum reflect fundamental and enduring misconceptions about the nature of coherence itself. Using examples of prominent curriculum projects over the past decade, we argue thatpremeditated coherence, the kind of coherence that is planned and designed for students, may inhibit students’ learning to seek coherence for themselves. We conclude with an approach to curriculum and assessment that emphasizes students’ epistemic agency in seeking coherence.

Kohærens og kohæsion i hypertekster. Om sammenhæng i internettekster

This article addresses the concepts of coherence and cohesion in hypertext documents on the Internet. Textual coherence is usually associated with a single, continuous line through the text but the question is whether this also applies to hypertext documents since hypertexts are non-linear. Cohesion, on the other hand, is the grammatical connectedness of utterances and here the question is whether it is at all possible to talk about cohesion in hypertexts since many consider the modules which form the hypertexts as grammatically independent of other modules. Following an intial discussion of these problems I present the kinds of coherence and cohesion phenomena which exist in hypertexts documents.

The Conflict of Evidence and Coherence

For many epistemologists, and for many philosophers more broadly, it is axiomatic that rationality requires you to take the doxastic attitudes that your evidence supports. Yet there is also another current in our talk about rationality. On this usage, rationality is a matter of the right kind of coherence between one's mental attitudes. Surprisingly little work in epistemology is explicitly devoted to answering the question of how these two currents of talk are related. But many implicitly assume that evidence‐responsiveness guarantees coherence, so that the rational impermissibility of incoherence will just fall out of the putative requirement to take the attitudes that one's evidence supports, and so that coherence requirements do not need to be theorized in their own right, apart from evidential reasons. In this paper, I argue that this is a mistake, since coherence and evidence‐responsiveness can in fact come into conflict. More specifically, I argue that in cases of misleading higher‐order evidence, there can be a conflict between believing what one's evidence supports and satisfying a requirement that I call “inter‐level coherence”. This illustrates why coherence requirements and evidential reasons must be separated and theorized separately.

Genealogy and the Structure of Interpretation

ABSTRACT In this article, I consider how Nietzsche's history of morality in On the Genealogy of Morality is relevant to his critique of morality. I argue that, on Nietzsche's view, morality's history is a guide to whether and where we should expect to find coherence in our current moral practice. It helps us “structure our interpretation” of morality. History is relevant to critique because it reveals that morality is unlikely to have the kind of coherence required by many of its defenders. After defending this account of how Nietzsche's historical claims are relevant to his critique, I use the account to explain why Nietzsche's genealogy mixes fact and fiction.

Binational learning communities: A work in progress

Studying abroad can be a life-altering experience, but not necessarily. I credit the two study-abroad experiences I had as an undergraduate as setting my course as an anthropologist. At this stage in my career, having directed, taught and evaluated five study-abroad programmes in three different countries, I felt ready to create my own based on the pros and cons I had observed. In December 2013, I completed a pilot run of a binational learning community focused on food, culture and social justice in Ecuador and Oregon and would like to share the experience in order to encourage other higher education teachers to invent similar programmes. It is not an easy model to pull off, especially in a large state institution, but it achieved the kind of coherence that I have found lacking in other study-abroad programmes and was a very satisfying teaching/learning experience. I will outline some issues concerning study-abroad programmes and then describethe programme I was involved in implementing in 2013.

Stuart Hall, Marxism without guarantees, and ‘The hard road to renewal’

This piece overviews Stuart Hall’s contribution to Marxism and to the left, and argues that whilst there were significant problems with the manifestation of Marxism Today, his work on hegemonic renewal holds great relevance in a left that is today in crisis. Paradoxically, it suggests that the spirit of the Bennite democratic socialism project of the early 1980s, which was critiqued at the time by Hall and Marxism Today, is currently closer to the kind of coherence required for the left to establish a hegemonic alternative to contemporary neoliberalism.

Iodine molecule for neutrino mass spectroscopy: ab initio calculation of spectral rate

It has recently been argued that atoms and molecules may become good targets of determining neutrino parameters still undetermined, if atomic/molecular process is enhanced by a new kind of coherence. We compute photon energy spectrum rate arising from coherent radiative neutrino pair emission processes of metastable excited states of I$_2$ and its iso-valent molecules, $|Av \rangle \rightarrow |Xv' \rangle + \gamma + \nu_i\nu_j$ and $|A'v \rangle \rightarrow |Xv' \rangle + \gamma + \nu_i\nu_j$ with $\gamma$ an IR photon and $\nu_{i(j)}$ $i(j)-$th neutrino mass eigenstates, and show how fundamental neutrino parameters may be determined. Energies of electronically excited states of I$_2$, including the effect of spin-orbit couplings were calculated by the multiconfigurational second order perturbation (CASPT2) method. Summation over many vibrational levels of intermediate states is fully incorporated. Unlike atomic candidate of a much larger energy difference such as Xe, I$_2$ transitions from a vibrational level $A(v=0)$ to $X(v' = 24)$ give an opportunity of determination of the mass type (Majorana vs Dirac distinction) and determination of Majorana CPV (charge-conjugation parity violating) phases, although the rate is much smaller.

Gradient-Orthonormal Bases of Momentum-Entire Wavelets in Odd Dimension

We construct gradient-orthonormal bases of momentum-entire wavelets in dimension n in the case where n is odd. The scale factor is 3 √ 2 and the coherence on a given scale is based on the propagator exp(~s · ~ 54). This propagator can be described in terms of two one-variable functions. One of them is the Airy function, while the other satisfies an ordinary differential equation less familiar than the Airy equation. This construction is part of our on-going quest for compactly supported, gradient-orthonormal wavelets that have some kind of coherence on a given scale.

Mark Bevir on Skinner and the ‘Myth of Coherence’

Bevir has argued that Quentin Skinner’s attack on the alleged ‘myth of coherence’ in the history of ideas depends on mistaken views of the nature of mind, namely a focus on illocutionary intentions at the expense of beliefs. An attempt is made to clarify just what the myth of coherence is and what kind of coherence is at issue, with a view to assessing the criticism.

The website as unit of analysis? Bolter and Manovich revisited

Taking as a point of departure that the website constitutes an important analytical unit for the analysis of Internet activities, this article discusses to what extent the work of Bolter and Manovich can contribute to the clarification of what characterizes the website as a phenomenon in its own right. Focus is on the second edition of Bolter's Writing Space and on Lev Manovich's The Language of New Media, both from 2001. After a short outline of some of the overriding similarities and differences between these texts, it is demonstrated how the understanding of the website oscillates between two poles: fragmentation/modulization vs. some kind of coherence. Finally, on the basis of a conceptual framework centred on the textual and paratextual being of the website, it is argued that the oscillation between fragmentation/modulization and coherence in the vast majority of cases will prove to be to the advantage of coherence.

Addressing threats: European foreign policy toward the Middle East since the European Security Strategy

This paper looks at the qualitative change in the foreign policy discourse by the European Union towards the Middle East, as well as the EU’s overall degree of consistency between words and deeds. By looking at European Council Conclusions as well as General Affairs Council conclusions, it will be argued that on a discursive level the Union has taken stock of the emergence of new threats to its security, and has started shifting its attention from state failure and regional conflicts to the threats posed by terrorism and non-conventional proliferation. Secondly, by differentiating among three kinds of coherence, it will be shown that the main source of incoherence in the Union external action in the Middle East is not to be found in its institutional or horizontal dimensions, but in its vertical level, that is between the Union and member states. Examples will be provided in order to substantiate an overall claim: the EU security discourse might have changed; its policies however remain driven by the difficult balancing exercise between Brussels and national capitals.&#x0D; &#x0D; Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v3i2.184

Addressing threats: European foreign policy toward the Middle East since the European Security Strategy

This paper looks at the qualitative change in the foreign policy discourse by the European Union towards the Middle East, as well as the EU’s overall degree of consistency between words and deeds. By looking at European Council Conclusions as well as General Affairs Council conclusions, it will be argued that on a discursive level the Union has taken stock of the emergence of new threats to its security, and has started shifting its attention from state failure and regional conflicts to the threats posed by terrorism and non-conventional proliferation. Secondly, by differentiating among three kinds of coherence, it will be shown that the main source of incoherence in the Union external action in the Middle East is not to be found in its institutional or horizontal dimensions, but in its vertical level, that is between the Union and member states. Examples will be provided in order to substantiate an overall claim: the EU security discourse might have changed; its policies however remain driven by the difficult balancing exercise between Brussels and national capitals.

Meta-Variations and the Art of Engaging Music

Meta-Variations and the Art of Engaging Music Marianne Kielian-Gilbert i. There is a saying in the Tibetan scriptures: "Knowledge must be burned, hammered and beaten like pure gold. Then one can wear it as an ornament." How are we to claim our experience of music so that we assimilate thatwhich we experience? How arewe to enter into the unfolding workings of musical structure and engage in finer and finer discrimina tions of experientially construed "phenomenal particulars"?1 For myself, entertaining these kinds of questions is remembering Meta-Variations, resonating then and now. In thinking about the ways the work of Benjamin Boretz influences my own, I have encountered views (contrary tomine) of his modeling ofmusical discernment: Meta-Vanations and the Art of Engaging Music I I [A]nalyzing music, forBoretz as for other formalists,meant devising a series of formal rules showing how the structure of the individual piece (or at least the best possible approximation of it) could be reconstructed from the elementary discriminations of pitch and time common to all music. . . . Where the Schenkerian analyst is interested in the psychological experience of time, the formal analyst conceives structure statically, in terms of logical patterns. . . . Whereas Schenkerian analysis uses the experience ofmusic as its rawmaterial, formal analysis quite liter ally analyzes the score.2 This thinking somehow misses an important facet of the author ofMeta Variations. If Meta-Variations can teach us anything, it is that experienc ingmusic is an ongoing process of involvement and creation. Its perspec tives are thus, in this sense, not psychological, or psychologically limiting: we direct, invent, and are responsible for our own musical perceptions.3 Rather than seeking characteristic behaviors, or adopting the third-person external perspective of a scientificpsychologist, in Meta-Variations Boretz writes about the art of engaging music. For myself, its attitudes toward the interacting relationships of observer and observed have been a primary influence. These attitudes, moreover, provide an appropriate framework for regarding themore technical aspects of Boretz's work.4 One goal of this essay is thus to consider the continued relevance of the processes of musical thought (cognitively-temporal and 'ascriptively') characterized in Meta-VariationsTor modes ofmusical activity. I discuss several broad themes of his work that have most directly shaped my own: his suspension of judgment (evaluation) and his regard for the 'temporalities' of unique musical characterization; his sensitivity to the relationship between musical experiences, referential frameworks, and the words that characterize them; his engagement with the musi cally present as the particular feel of events and the particular sense-in which they transform the past and suggest the future, and finally; his fos tering of analysis as an open and creative process.5 Interesting in retro spect, these themes resonate in eastern philosophical thought as suggested by the epigraphs that precede, and the brief discussion that concludes, each section.6 Evocative of the opening epigraph?knowledge involves living prac tice, process, and experience?"burned, hammered and beaten like pure gold"?before itcan be worn. Its paths do not go theway of imitation, or offer consolation or confirmation. Not to be taken uncritically, know ledge entwines personal and social experience.7 12 PerspectivesofNew Music 2. Suspending Judgment?Analysis as Characterizing Uniquely Q: How isone to begin to seewhat is? A: By not beginning,bygivingup the ideaof a beginning.... You have togive up the ideaof territory altogether. Which can be done, itisnot impossible. For Boretz, "[t]he purpose of an analysis (or a composition) is to recon struct (or construct) amusical structure,"8 musical structure being "the coherent juxtaposition of everything relevant to the identity of amusical work."9 Relevance is determined by thatwhich "makes the most music possible . . . , by discerning the most instances and kinds of coherence that can be [ascribed] . . . with the least inferential complexity."10 Similar to the sense inwhich a particular performance or a "silent" rehearing might focus the sound relationships of a work, a composition may suggest criteria for attributing significance to the individual events within its sound world(s) or the changing conditions thatmight qualify that construal. Similarly, chronological, cultural, and ideological perspec tives may circumscribe these events and the 'worlds' of individual works and literatures. The significance, shape...

Salvaging Locke's Self

Keywords personal identity, Locke, unconscious, narrative self, narrative theory Continuing Commentary This feature in PPP is intended to provide ongoing commentary on main articles previously published in PPP. The essay by Phillips below is a response to Marya Schechtman's paper in "The Unconscious" thematic issue, Philosophy, Psychiatry & Psychology 12, no. 1:9–22. Let me begin by acknowledging Marya Schechtman's admirably clear presentation of Locke's view of personal identity, the problems inherent in that view, the efforts of "psychological continuity theorists" to rectify the flaws in Locke's argument, the problems in their attempted rectifications, and finally her own proposals for rescuing Locke's view of personal identity. My comments focus on the problems I see in her use of the psychoanalytic unconscious to preserve Lockean personal identity and on my own suggestions for sustaining her argument. In her paper, Schechtman first describes Locke's account of personal identity and its problematic dependence on a notion of overlapping conscious memories. She then outlines the unsuccessful attempts of Locke's descendants—the psychological continuity theorists—to make good on his account. In the final section, "An Alternative Account," Schechtman offers her own proposal to compensate for the inadequacies of Locke's account of personal identity by introducing the notion of the unconscious. The gaps in memory that render Locke's version of the self fragmented and discontinuous can be filled in by substituting for Locke's conscious self a self that includes unconscious content. ". . . [I]t is necessary to give an account of the attribution of particular actions and experiences that allows for the attribution of unconscious elements as well as conscious ones" (Schechtman 2005, 18). Schechtman marshals her argument in two steps. First, she argues for replacing a rather passive view of the self as witness to one's past through memory with a version of the self that is actively engaged in making sense of one's life. To have the kind of self-conception that constitutes personal identity on the view I am urging (call it the "self-understanding view"), one must not just know about some collection of past experiences and think of them as hers, she must see life as unfolding according to an intelligible trajectory, where present states follow meaningfully from past ones, and the future is anticipated to bear certain predictable relations to the present. (2005, 18) In a second step, she recognizes that this effort at active self-understanding will come up against roadblocks of incomprehension. Careful self-examination does not reveal why one feels or acts the way one does. It is at this point that Freud and the unconscious enter the picture. "In postulating inner sources for our experiences and actions we recognize that there are [End Page 349] parts of ourselves that we are not conscious of, but that are yet part of our psychological lives in an importantly intimate way. These experiences impact the nature of our conscious experience, and hence should be part of the purview of our self-interested concern. They also influence what we do, and lead to experiences of guilt, shame, or pride, and so are connected to our moral agency. To have an identity-constituting self-conception, then, a person must demand (at least implicitly) a kind of coherence and intelligibility to the course of her life" (2005, 20). It appears that Schechtman salvages the Lockean self by invoking the Freudian unconscious and putting it into the service of expanding Locke's self to include an unconscious dimension. In his classic defense of the unconscious in "The Unconscious" (Freud 1957/1916), Freud articulates a similar argument: It [the unconscious] is necessary because the data of consciousness have a very large number of gaps in them; both in healthy and in sick people psychical acts often occur which can be explained only by presupposing other acts, of which, nevertheless, consciousness affords no evidence. These not only include parapraxes and dreams in healthy people, and everything described as a psychical symptom or an obsession...