Ketone Carbonyl Group Research Articles

Photobleachable bis-chalcones-based oxime ester dyes for radical visible photopolymerization

Three new photobleachable D-π-A-π-A′ type bis-chalcones-based oxime ester dyes (TAs) for radical visible photopolymerization were designed and synthesized. Their structures were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HR-MS. The mechanism for the radicals’ generation was proposed according to the analysis of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and steady state photolysis experiments. The production of oxygen alkyl radicals from the ketone carbonyl group and as well as vinyl radicals through the homolysis of N–O bond in oxime ester demonstrates that dyes TAs are the integration of type I and type II photoinitiators. The photopolymerization experiment showed that 1, 6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA) as the monomer can be effectively initiated for photopolymerization by TAs under LED@455 nm exposure. In addition, the cured films initiated by TAs have low extraction rates. Particularly, TA2 with benzylidene cyclopentanone oxime ester exhibits the best double bond conversion efficiency and photobleachable characteristic. The colorless bulk acrylate materials as deep as 32 mm thickness can be obtained through the photopolymerization initiated by TA2. Investigation also shows that oxime ester dyes provides an important source for obtaining radicals which can be produced by the homolysis of N–O bond. Thus, the research consequences open up a new research direction for the structural design of dyes and widen their applications in the fields of deep photocuring.

SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF RUTHENIUM CLUSTER COMPLEXES

Methods for the synthesis of ruthenium cluster complexes based on carbonyl and amine-containing organic bifunctional ligands have been developed. The structure of the obtained combinations of clusters were determined on the basis of IR spectroscopy data, thermogravimetry, and elemental analysis. Samples of ligands I and II were obtained by condensation of carboxylic acid chlorides of cyclopentane and cyclohexane with ethylene followed by replacement of the chlorine atom by amine groups. To obtain cluster complexes of ruthenium with the synthesized ligands the ruthenium trichloride salt (RuCl3) was dissolved in water, and the calculated amount of sodium borohydride was added in portions to the resulting solution under vigorous stirring in nitrogen atmosphere. Rapidly emerging black-dispersed nanoparticles of metallic ruthenium did not precipitate. When organic ligands I and II are added, the corresponding cluster compounds III and IV are formed, which gradually over 45 min. precipitated from an aqueous solution. The resulting dark-brown precipitates were washed with distilled water and dried in a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature of 35-400C. The melting temperatures of the synthesized compounds were determined, the components for cluster III - 2060С and cluster IV - 2220С (with decomposition). The IR spectra of cluster compounds show intense absorption bands characterizing the presence of both the ketone carbonyl group and the amine fragment. The absorption bands of ketone groups in cluster compounds are shifted towards higher frequencies compared to the initial ligands. A similar picture is also observed when comparing the IR vibrations of CN bonds in the initial ligands and the corresponding cluster compounds. The results of elemental analysis confirm the structures of cluster compounds and are in complete agreement with the concept that cluster compounds are formed upon the reduction of ruthenium salts with metal hydrides in an aqueous solution. Apparently, in this case, the most stable ruthenium clusters with tetrahedral structure are formed.. Thermogravimetric analysis made it possible to establish the presence of a peak at a temperature of 3180C with a mass number of 744.8 , corresponding to a cluster combination of four ruthenium atoms. At each stage of decomposition, the experimental mass losses are in good agreement with the calculated values. Keywords: synthesis, ruthenium, cluster complexes, amine and caryonyl containing ligands, bifunctional ligands, cyclopentyl amino ketone, cyclohexyl amino ketone.

Exploration of Oxidative Ritter-Type Reaction of α-Arylketones and Its Application for the Collective Total Syntheses of Erythrina Alkaloids

Exploration of Oxidative Ritter-Type Reaction of α-Arylketones and Its Application for the Collective Total Syntheses of <i>Erythrina</i> Alkaloids

Identification of Intrinsic Active Sites for the Selective Catalytic Reduction of Nitric Oxide on Metal-Free Carbon Catalysts via Selective Passivation

Although carbon catalysts have been commercialized for the low-temperature selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO with NH3 for decades, the nature of the active sites remains unclear. Herein we design a proof-of-concept study to directly evidence that the nucleophilic ketonic carbonyl groups are the intrinsic SCR active sites on metal-free carbon catalysts through ex situ and in situ selective passivation strategies. The turnover frequency of the ketonic carbonyl group is provided, and the structure–reactivity relationship is established for the first time. Density functional theory calculations combined with in situ spectroscopy reveal that the standard carbon-catalyzed SCR reaction involves a redox cycle of ketonic carbonyl/phenol (C═O/C–OH) pairs, during which the activation of NH3 is the rate-limiting step. This work identifies the intrinsic SCR active sites and advances the metal-free carbon catalysis. As a further step, the carbon catalysts demonstrate analogous mechanistic features with vanadyl catalysts, opening up the possibility to parallel the SCR mechanisms on metal-free carbon catalysts to those on transition-metal catalysts on the atomic scale.

Characterizing the n→π* interaction of pyridine with small ketones: a rotational study of pyridine⋯acetone and pyridine⋯2-butanone.

Complexes formed by pyridine and small ketones such as acetone and 2-butanone have been generated in a supersonic jet and characterized by broadband Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy combined with high-level theoretical computations. The spectra of the complexes show a quadrupole coupling hyperfine structure due to the presence of a nitrogen atom and the splittings owing to the low barriers of the internal rotation of the methyl groups bonded to the carbonyl group. The corresponding barriers have been determined from the analysis of the spectra. We show in both complexes that pyridine closes a cycle with a ketone carbonyl group through an N⋯CO n→π* tetrel interaction and a C-H⋯O contact. The n→π* tetrel bond involves the pyridine N atom lone pair and the ketone carbonyl group with a geometry approaching the Bürgi-Dunitz trajectory for the nucleophilic attack to a carbonyl group.

Multiple remote C(sp3)-H functionalizations of aliphatic ketones via bimetallic Cu-Pd catalyzed successive dehydrogenation.

The dehydrogenation-triggered multiple C(sp3)-H functionalizations at remote positions γ, δ or ε, ζ to carbonyl groups of aliphatic ketones with aryl/alkenyl carboxylic acids as coupling partners have been achieved using a bimetallic Cu-Pd catalyst system. This reaction allows access to alkenylated isocoumarins and their derivatives in generally good yields with high functional group tolerance. The identification of bimetallic Cu-Pd synergistic catalysis for efficient successive dehydrogenation of aliphatic ketones, which overcomes the long-standing challenge posed by the successive dehydrogenation desaturation of terminally unsubstituted alkyl chains in aliphatic ketones, is essential to achieving this bimetallic Cu-Pd catalyzed dehydrogenation coupling reaction.

Reduced Graphene Oxides as Carbocatalysts in Acceptorless Dehydrogenation of N-Heterocycles.

The catalytic properties of graphene-derived materials are evaluated in acceptorless dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles. Among them, reduced graphene oxides (rGOs) are active (quantitative yields in 23 h) under mild conditions (130 °C) and act as efficient heterogeneous carbocatalysts. rGO exhibits reusability and stability at least during eight consecutive runs. Mechanistic investigations supported by experimental evidence (i.e., organic molecules as model compounds, purposely addition of metal impurities and selective functional group masking experiments) suggest a preferential contribution of ketone carbonyl groups as active sites for this transformation.

Synthesis and characterization of the Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes of 1,3,4-thiadiazole-derived ketones and secondary alcohols: thermal and magnetic properties

Compounds containing both ketone and amide carbonyl groups were reduced with sodium borohydride (NaBH4). In this way, secondary alcohols, which are very important compounds for the synthesis of drugs, agricultural chemicals, food chemicals, and other chemicals, were obtained with regioselectivity. To do this, the starting compound 2-(5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)thio)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)ethanone (3) was obtained. Subsequently, 10 ketone derivatives (5a-j) were synthesized from the reaction of 3 with the appropriate substituted acyl halide derivatives (4a-j). Then, secondary alcohol derivatives (6a-j), which came from the regioselective reduction of the ketone derivatives (5a-j), were synthesized with NaBH4. The molecular structures of ketone and alcohol derivatives were elucidated using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FTIR, and MS. In the last step of the study, binuclear metal complexes of all alcohol and ketone derivatives were synthesized in DMF and characterized using FTIR and MS. The magnetic properties and thermal stability of these complexes were investigated using magnetic susceptibilities and determined using a Gouy magnetic susceptibility apparatus and a TGA analyzer, respectively. The complexes are distorted octahedral low-spin (S = 3/2) Co(II) and distorted octahedral (S = 1) Ni(II). Finally, the metal ratios of the complexes were determined by using ICP-AES.

A simple, efficient, sensitive and practicability: Polyoxyphenylpropeone fluorescent probes for biological imaging

A new type of polyoxyphenylpropeone fluorescent probe was designed by one pot method. In this article, through a simple synthetic route, a sensitive fluorescent probe for the detection of Fe3+ and Cu2+ in vitro was successfully synthesized. Interestingly, the fluorescence of this novel probe quenched significantly in the presence of Fe3+ and Cu2+. Ketone carbonyl group and oxygen atom form the natural coordination site of iron ion and copper ion. After the coordination with metal ion, the conjugated system of the compound is broken, resulting in fluorescence quenching. At the same time, transmission electron microscope (TEM) were conducted to found its morphology property and the result shows that the polymer is stacked in layers in the images. The results of cell imaging confirmed that the polymer probe possessed favorable biocompatibility. The in vivo experiment of mice also gained the same conclusion with high penetration and fluorescence intensity. Due to the convenience of synthesis and superior recognition performance, this fluorescent probe has great potential in the study of accumulation and transformation of heavy metal ions in vivo and clinical detection of Fe3+ and Cu2+.

Tribological Performance of Biomass-Derived Bio-Alcohol and Bio-Ketone Fuels

This study relates to developing future alternative fuels and focuses on the effects of a fuel’s molecular structure on its properties and performance in advanced propulsion systems. The tribological performance of various biomass-derived oxygenated alternative fuels, including butanol, pentanol, cyclopentanol, cyclopentanone, and gasoline and their blends with diesel, was investigated. Lubricity tests were conducted using a high-frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR). Cyclopentanone-diesel and cyclopentanol-diesel blends result in smaller wear scar sizes compared to using their neat forms. A lower steel disc contaminated with the alternative fuels during the HFRR tests resulted in worn surface roughness values lower than those of the neat diesel by up to 20%. It is believed that these reductions are mainly due to the presence of the hydroxyl group and the carbonyl group in alcohols and ketones, respectively, which make them more polar and consequently helps the formation of the protective lubrication film on the worn moving surfaces during the sliding process. Overall, the results from this study indicate that environmentally friendly cyclopentanol and cyclopentanone are practical and efficient fuel candidates for future advanced propulsion systems.

Enhanced emission and higher stability ovalbumin-stabilized gold nanoclusters (OVA-AuNCs) modified by polyethyleneimine for the fluorescence detection of tetracyclines

Tetracyclines, cheap and broad-spectrum antibiotics, are required to strictly monitor since they can lead to ecosystem disorders and the flood of resistance genes if overused. Although ovalbumin has been reported to synthesize metal nanoclusters for fluorescence detection, relatively low fluorescence intensity and quantum yield limited their application. In this study, ovalbumin-stabilized gold nanoclusters (OVA-AuNCs) modified by polyethyleneimine (PEI-OVA-AuNCs) with higher fluorescence intensity and quantum yield were successfully synthesized and applied to develop a sensitive fluorescent detection method for tetracycline antibiotics. The fluorescence intensity of the stable PEI-OVA-AuNCs modified with 10 μM PEI was 8.5 times stronger than unmodified OVA-AuNCs. The reason of the fluorescence intensity enhancement could be attributed to etching OVA-AuNCs from large particles to smaller ones by PEI and formation of a protective layer on the outside of the clusters to avoid non-radiative relaxation. The fluorescence quenching was linearly related to tetracycline (TC) in the concentration range 1–30 μM, and the detection limit was 0.563 μM. Meanwhile, the fluorescent probe could detect oxytetracycline and chlortetracycline with the linear correlations higher than 0.99. The quenching mechanism was inner filter effect caused by the overlap of the spectra of PEI-OVA-AuNCs and pollutants, and the aggregation-induced quenching caused by the binding of phenolic hydroxyl and ketone carbonyl groups on the pollutants to the probe as well. The method was successfully applied to the determination of TC in real samples. Therefore, PEI-OVA-AuNCs could be considered as a core material for tetracyclines fluorescence detection.

Exploring the fuel structure dependence of laminar burning velocity: A machine learning based group contribution approach

The laminar burning velocity (LBV) is a fundamental property of a fuel/oxidizer mixture with high impact on combustion processes in practical engines. Profound knowledge of its dependence on the underlying molecular structures of hydrocarbon and oxygenated hydrocarbon fuels is of high interest. In the present work, a quantitative structure-property relationship model is developed for the first time to predict the LBVs of a wide range of fuels. For this purpose, an artificial neural network is trained based on a training set consisting of both the experimental LBV values of 124 fuel compounds and additional data obtained from numerical simulations with a detailed kinetic model. Twelve molecular groups as well as pressure, temperature, and fuel/air equivalence ratio serve as input features to the model. Cross-validation reveals a mean absolute error of 3.3 cm/s when applying the model to fuels, whose LBV datapoints were not used for training. In order to gain insights into the underlying fuel structure dependence of LBV, the model is then applied to analyze the functional group effects at unified conditions by means of sensitivity analysis and detailed fuel comparisons. It is found that unsaturation increases the LBV, while methyl substitution consistently has a negative effect for the wide range of fuel structures considered, which confirms similar findings in the literature. More interestingly, while carbonyl groups in ketones and aldehydes, ether groups in ethers, acetals, furanics, and oxygenated benzenoids, as well as hydroxy groups in n-alcohols tend to increase the LBV compared to corresponding non-oxygenated fuels of similar structures, ester and carbonate functional groups have a clearly negative impact. Overall, the results demonstrate that a group contribution approach in combination with a machine learning methodology is capable of predicting the LBVs of a wide range of fuel structures with acceptable accuracy, which can be useful for future fuel design.

Organocatalytic diastereo- and enantioselective oxa-hetero-Diels-Alder reactions of enones with aryl trifluoromethyl ketones for the synthesis of trifluoromethyl-substituted tetrahydropyrans.

Tetrahydropyran derivatives are found in bioactives, and introduction of the trifluoromethyl group into molecules often improves biofunctions. Here we report diastereo- and enantioselective oxa-hetero-Diels-Alder reactions catalyzed by amine-based catalyst systems that afford trifluoromethyl-substituted tetrahydropyranones. Catalyst systems and conditions suitable for the reactions to provide the desired diastereomer products with high enantioselectivities were identified, and various trifluoromethyl-substituted tetrahydropyranones were synthesized with high diastereo- and enantioselectivities. Mechanistic investigation suggested that the reactions involve a [4 + 2] cycloaddition pathway, in which the enamine of the enone acts as the diene and the ketone carbonyl group of the aryl trifluoromethyl ketone acts as the dienophile. In this study, tetrahydropyran derivatives with the desired stereochemistry that are difficult to synthesize by previously reported methods were concisely obtained, and the range of tetrahydropyran derivatives that can be synthesized was expanded.

Quantitative MALDI-MS assay of steroid hormones in plasma based on hydroxylamine derivatization

Measuring the concentrations of steroid hormones in plasma is critical for understanding their role in various vital physiological processes. The detection of underivatized steroid hormones in biofluids through mass spectrometry (MS) is typically hindered by low ionization efficiency. We described a novel matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-MS (MALDI-MS) approach based on hydroxylamine derivatization (HA-D) to analyze low-concentration steroid hormones in plasma. The ketonic carbonyl group containing steroid hormones could be derivatized using HA to form oxime derivatives, which considerably enhanced the MS sensitivity for detecting steroid hormones. By using the optimized conditions, estrone (E1), testosterone (T), and progesterone (Prog), could be simultaneously quantified in plasma with a limit of detection (LOD) from 0.019 to 0.031 nM, recoveries from 86% to 108%, and coefficient of variation (CV%) from 4.59% to 11.90%. HA-D/MALDI-MS exhibited higher sensitivity than those using Girard T (GT). To establish potential utility of our method, we characterized fatty liver patient plasmas to demonstrate that the HA-D/MALDI-MS procedure could generate quantitative results comparable to the current clinical liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem MS (LC-ESI MS/MS) method. This approach facilitates the rapid and accurate characterization of plasma hormones, and renders the MALDI-MS approach for steroid hormones more adaptable for clinical research and use.

Synthesis of Heterocyclic Compounds Containing Sulphur From Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic acid Derivatives

In this work, three novel Schiff's bases subsidiaries were set up from Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic corrosive Derivatives(K1, K2 and K3); (K1) which was blend from response of EDTA with 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 2,4-dintrophenyl hydrazine. (K2) which was union from response of EDTA with vinilline and 2,4-dintrophenyl hydrazine. (K3) which was amalgamation from response of EDTA with 4-aminoacetophenone and 2,4-dintrophenyl hydrazine after that combination three novel hetrocyclic compound Containing Sulfur molecule; Derivative with compounds containing carbonyl group (aldehyde or ketone) the carbonyl group of aldehyde or ketone react with primary amine to produce mine compounds (Schiff bases), Reaction of produced Schiff base compounds with mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) to synthesized new heterocyclic compounds Compounds with heterogeneous ring are characterized by having many biological activities Which attracts the attention of researchers, and accordingly various derivatives containing sulfur were prepared for heterocyclic compounds, these prepared compounds can have inhibitory activity for some bacteria, fungi, and viruses. (M1,M2 and M3)which were union from response of (K1,K2 and K3) individually with marcaptoacetic acid. All of the Schiff’s bases derivatives and hetrocyclic compound Containing Sulphur atom were characterized and identified by spectroscopic methods ( FT-IR and 1H-NMR) spectroscopies.

Role of the pore-opening structure and hydrophobicity of stannosilicate zeolites in Baeyer–Villiger oxidation

Although stannosilicate zeolites are active and selective in Baeyer–Villiger (B-V) oxidation because of their unique Lewis acidity, which is useful to activate the carbonyl group of ketone rather than peroxide, the role of their pore-opening structure and hydrophobicity in selective oxidation still needs to be explored. In the present work, stannosilicate zeolites with different topologies were synthesized and characterized in detail, especially in terms of the coordination states of the Sn species in the isomorphically substituted Sn zeolite Sn-MSE (Sn-MCM-68). The catalytic properties of the synthesized zeolites were evaluated in B-V oxidation. The results show that Sn-MCM-68 possesses some superior catalytic properties in B-V oxidation in comparison with other zeolites, because of its three-dimensional 12 × 10 × 10-membered ring (MR) pore-opening channels and relatively higher hydrophobicity.

CLUSTER COMPLEXES OF RHENIUM WITH CARBONYL AND AMINE CONTAINING LIGANDS

Methods for the synthesis of rhenium cluster complexes based on carbonyl and amine containing organic bifunctional ligands have been developed. The structure of the obtained cluster combinations were determined on the basis of IR spectroscopy data, methods of thermogravimetry and elemental analysis. Samples of ligands I and II were obtained by condensation of cyclopentane and cyclohexane carboxylic acids chloroanhydrides with ethylene, followed by the replacement of the chlorine atom by amine groups. To obtain cluster complexes of rhenium with the synthesized ligands, an ultradisperse solution of rhenium in distilled water was prepared in advance. To this end, the rhenium trichloride salt (ReCl3) was dissolved in water and the calculated amount of sodium borohydride in a nitrogen atmosphere was added in portions to the resulting solution with vigorous stirring. Rapidly arising black dispersed nanoparticles of metallic rhenium were not deposited. When organic ligands I and II are added, the corresponding cluster compounds III and IV are formed, which gradually over 30 minutes. precipitated from aqueous solution. The resulting black-brown precipitates were washed with distilled water and dried in a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature of 35-40 °C. The melting points of the synthesized compounds are determined, which are components for cluster III-195 °С and cluster IV- 212 °С (with decomposition). In the IR spectra of cluster compounds, intense absorption bands were found, which characterize the presence of both a ketone carbonyl group (1718 sm–1, 1720 sm–1) and an amine fragment (2727 sm–1, 2720 sm–1 and 2613 sm–1, 2609 sm–1). The absorption bands of ketone groups in cluster compounds are shifted toward higher frequencies compared to the initial ligands. A similar picture is observed when comparing IR vibrations of C – N bonds in the initial ligands and the corresponding cluster compounds. The results of elemental analysis confirm the structure of cluster compounds and are in complete agreement with the notion that the reduction of rhenium salts with metal hydrides in an aqueous solution forms cluster compounds. Apparently, in this case, the most stable rhenium clusters with a tetrahedral structure are formed. Thermogravimetric analysis made it possible to establish the presence of a peak at a temperature of 318 °С with a mass number of 744.8 c.u. corresponding to the cluster combination of four rhenium atoms. At each stage of decomposition, the experimental mass loss agrees well with the calculated values.

Spectroscopic Investigation of Degradation Reaction Mechanism in γ-Rays Irradiation of HDPE

Radiation damage and reaction mechanism of product formation due to γ-irradiation in high-density polyethylene (HDPE) have been studied by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), UV-vis spectroscopic, and x-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. A Co60gamma source (with a dose rate of 1.707 kGy/hr) has been used up to the total dose of 570 kGy. There are dose-dependent changes in the polymer. The optical band gap decreases with the increase of the γ-irradiation dose. Formations of unsaturation centers have been observed. FTIR observed that a lower dose of γ-irradiation induces the formation of an unsaturated (-C=C-) group and a ketone carbonyl group. Breaking of the C-H bond is more frequent than the breaking of the C-C bond in irradiated HDPE. Crosslinking dominates over chain scission (breaking of C-C bond of the main chain) at a lower dose (100 kGy). There has been no significant influence of γ-irradiation on the crystalline structure, although crystalline size decreases. Mechanisms of the formation of alkyl, allylic, and polyenyl radicals have been investigated.

Oxygen assisted butanol conversion on bifunctional carbon nanotube catalysts: Activity of oxygen functionalities

Catalytic conversion of n-butanol to high-value-added product is considered as a highly important route towards biomass derived fine chemicals. The present work reports the applications of non-metallic multi-walled carbon nanotube (CNT) as bifunctional catalysts for oxygen assisted n-butanol conversion reactions. Oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) and dehydration of n-butanol on CNT yielded aldehyde and alkene compounds via redox and acid catalytic routes, respectively. CNT exhibited high activity (over 50% n-butanol conversion) and stability (over 120 h) under gentle reaction conditions (<330 °C), which are competitive to conventional metal-based catalysts. Carboxylic acid groups were identified as catalytic active sites for dehydration reactions via linking the reactivity (kinetic parameters) with the surface composition and structural information of CNT catalysts. The redox activity could be related to ketonic carbonyl groups, and interestingly the intrinsic ODH catalytic activity is also influenced by degree of graphitization for CNT materials.

Synthesis and Characterization of New Heterocyclic Compounds from Calix [4] arene Derivative

In this work, a new heterocyclic compounds derived from Calix[4]arene Derivative had been synthesized. The characterization of the produced compounds was performed using melting point, FT-IR spectroscopy and some of them with 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The spectral data confirm the formation of these compounds. This research includes the following two parts:- Part 1: Synthesis of Calix[4]arane Derivative from reaction Calix[4]arane with 4- Aminobutyric acid to produce ester compound this part4-Aminobutyric acid reaction with freshly distilled thinly chloride , the produce final was purified via distillation below pressure reduced. The product was purified by repeated recrystallization. In this step Converted the substituted carboxylic acid to substituted acid chloride included to obtained good leaving group the compound product containing primary amine and the reaction of Calix[4]arane Derivative with compounds containing carbonyl group(aldehyde or ketone) the carbonyl group of aldehyde or ketone react with primary amine to produce imine compounds(Schiff bases. Part 2: Reaction of produced Schiff base compounds with mercaptoacetic acid (thioglycolic acid) or maleic anhydride to synthesized new heterocyclic compounds Compounds with heterogeneous ring are characterized by having many biological activitiesWhich attracts the attention of researchers, and accordingly various derivatives containing sulfur or oxygen were prepared for heterocyclic compounds, these prepared compounds can have inhibitory activity for some bacteria, fungi, and viruses.