Jeong Seon Research Articles

긍재(兢齋) 김득신(金得臣, 1754-1822)의 산수화 연구

Geungjae (兢齋) Kim Deuk-shin (金得臣, 1754-1822) is known as one of the three genre painters along with Kim Hong-do (金弘道, 1745-1806?) and Shin Yun-bok (申潤福, 1758-1817 afterwards) or only as a painter who had been largely influenced by Kim Hong-do. In fact, he was a 44-year veteran Dohwaseo painter who had participated in important national art projects. Aside from his famous genre paintings, his extraordinary talent in portraits, landscapes, birds and animals, and flowers and animals established him as one of the best painters during the period. Especially, his results in Nokchwijae (祿取才: the state examination for court painters) demonstrates his ability in landscape painting among other themes as well as how much recognition he received at the time; some of these works are currently available.
 Kim Deuk-shin’s landscape paintings carry two styles of landscape painting in Late Joseon Dynasty: literati landscape painting of the ideal and conceptual landscape and true-view landscape painting that painted mountains and rivers in Korea. This allows better understanding of his diverse works, as well as the variety of trends and transformations of the landscape painting in the Late Joseon Dynasty. In addition, compared to other themes such as genre, figure painting of Taoism and Buddhism, birds and animals, and flowers and animals that had been apparently influenced by Kim Hong-do’s style, his landscape painting has a different pattern due to being directly and indirectly influenced by a number of preceding painters including Jeong Seon (鄭敾, 1676-1759), Sim Sajeong (沈師正, 1707-1769), Kim Eung-hwan (金應煥, 1742?-1789), and Kim Hong-dothat were largely established in the area of landscape painting At the same time, it is also possible to observe the Gaeseong Kim family’s painting style from Kim Deuk-shin’s landscape paintings as they show association with those of his uncle Kim Eung-hwan, brother Kim Seok-shin (金碩臣, 1958-?) and Kim Ha-jong (金夏鍾, 1793-1875 afterwards). Kim Deuk-shin’s landscape painting style may have been passed on to Kim Seok-shinand Kim Ha-jong through secondary influence from Kim Eung-hwan, who was influenced by Jeong Seon and Sim Sajeong. Based on this, his landscape painting style appears to have had a significant influence on the establishment of the painting style within the Gaeseong Kim family and on later generations of court painters.

Abstract LB043: Identification and characterization of cancer-associated fibroblast subpopulations in lung adenocarcinoma

Abstract Background: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) reside within the tumor microenvironment, facilitating cancer progression and metastasis via direct and indirect interactions with cancer cells as well as other stromal cell types. CAFs are comprised of heterogeneous subpopulations of activated fibroblasts, including myofibroblastic, inflammatory, or immunosuppressive CAFs. In this study, we sought to identify subpopulations of CAFs isolated from human lung adenocarcinomas and describe their transcriptomic as well as functional characteristics through single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and subsequent bioinformatics analyses. Methods: We isolated and cultured two types of CAFs. Total CAFs were isolated after negative selection using cell-type-specific antibodies against lymphocytes (CD45), macrophages (CD68), endothelial cells (CD31), and epithelial cells (Ep-CAM). THY1+ CAFs were isolated after additional selection based on CAF-specific marker THY1. Total CAFs (n=5,139 cells) and THY1+ CAFs (n=4,038 cells) were subjected to 10X Genomics scRNA-seq. scRNA-seq data were then integrated and analyzed using the Seurat method. Results: Cell trajectory analysis of combined total and THY1+ CAFs revealed two branching points with five distinct branches. Based on Gene Ontology analysis, we denoted Branch 1 as “immunosuppressive”, Branch 2 as “neoantigen-presenting”, Branch 4 as “myofibroblastic”, and Branch 5 as “proliferative” CAFs. We selected representative branch-specific markers and measured their expression levels in total and THY1+ CAFs. We also investigated the effects of these markers on CAF activity under co-culture with lung cancer cells. Conclusions: This study describes novel subpopulations of CAFs in lung adenocarcinoma, highlighting their potential value as therapeutic targets. Citation Format: Daeseung Kim, Jeong Seon Kim, Seoree Kim, Sang Hoon Chun, Jae Jun Kim, Inyoung Cheon, Sieun Lee, Jung Sook Yoon, Soon Auck Hong, Hye Sung Won, Keunsoo Kang, Young-Ho Ahn, Yoon Ho Ko. Identification and characterization of cancer-associated fibroblast subpopulations in lung adenocarcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr LB043.

New Forms of Korean Landscape Painting: Barcoded Landscape by Oh Hyun-Yong

The article focuses on the landscape art of the South Korean artist Oh Hyun-yong (b. 1949) proposing an original approach to adapting the artistic traditions of Korean landscape painting sansuhwa (“mountain-water”) by using the technology of our time — the visual symbol of the bar code. The purpose of the article is to study the distinctive features of the master’s creative method, in which, while using new expressive means, one can observe the preservation of high spiritual ideality inherent in the traditional Korean landscape, which undoubtedly constitutes the most important specific feature of Korean sansuhwa painting — increased attention to the philosophical and aesthetic aspect of landscape art which was considered as an integral and largely determining part of the artistic process. The research is based on the principle of an integrated approach to the problem stated in the theme of the report. In addition to a systematic analysis, an art history approach is used which combines elements of typological comparisons of various discoveries of Oh Hyun-yong with stylistic and comparative analysis of selected landscape paintings of famous Korean artists of the past era, such as Jeong Seon (1676–1759), Kim Hongdo (1745–1806?), Kim Gyujin (1868–1933) and others. Analyzing Oh Hyun-yong’s landscape works, called “bar-coded landscape” by South Korean critics, which represent a creative reinterpretation of artistic traditions while following the innovations of our time, their role and significance in the contemporary art of the Republic of Korea is determined. The author makes a conclusion about the originality of Oh Hyun-yong’s landscape art that represents the aspiration to technology and the reflection of the problems of the modern world, based on the artistic principles inherent in the traditional painting of sansuhwa which contributes to the revival of the aesthetics of the Korean landscape in the new art forms of modernity.

정선의 《양천십경첩》 연구: 정선의 새로운 자아 표상과 예술 전략

정선(鄭歚, 1676-1759)의 《양천십경첩(陽川十景帖)》은 현재 간송미술관에 소장되어 있는 《경교명승첩(京郊名勝帖)》내에 포함되어 있다. 정선은 1740년에 양천(陽川, 현재의 서울특별시 강서구 일대)의 현감(縣監)으로 부임하였다. 이후 1740년에서 1741년 사이 정선은 자신의 현아(縣衙) 주변의 풍경을 10경으로 선정하여 이를 《양천십경첩》으로 제작하였다. 정선이 《양천십경첩》을 제작한 목적은 그가 양천에 현감으로 부임한 후 자신의 관직 생활을 기념하기 위해서였다. 정선은 이 화첩을 그의 집안에서 대대로 전승하기 위한 ‘가전화첩(家傳畫帖)’으로 기획하여 제작하였다. 《양천십경첩》에 포함된 작품들은 양천 현감으로서의 정선을 보여주는 일종의 자화상적인 그림이라고 할 수 있다. 이러한 자기표현적인 작화(作畵) 태도는 이전 시기 금강산도(金剛山圖) 제작 과정에서는 나타나지 않았다. 1740년경 정선은 《양천십경첩》을 통해 사대부적 자아를 새롭게 표상하고자 하였다.<BR> 《양천십경첩》은 가전화첩으로 제작되었지만 당대의 많은 문예계 인사들이 이 화첩을 감상하였다. 현재 다수 전하는 정선의 양천 지역 실경산수화들을 통해 유추해봤을 때 당대에 이미 이러한 작품에 대한 상당한 수요가 있었음을 알 수 있다. 정선 역시 《양천십경첩》을 제작할 당시 자신의 작품이 많은 이들에게 감상될 것을 충분히 인지하고 있었다고 여겨진다. 정선은 《양천십경첩》을 통해 자신을 사대부(士大夫)로 표상(表象)하고자 하였다. 본래 사대부 출신이지만 직업화가와 같은 삶을 살았던 정선은 사회경제적으로 생활이 안정되자 사대부 화가로서 자신의 모습을 보여주고자 하였다. 따라서 정선이 《양천십경첩》을 통해 사대부적 자아를 표상한 것은 결코 우연이 아닌 그의 치밀한 예술전략 속에서 이루어진 행위이다. 또한 이 전략은 매우 효과적이었다. 정선의 양천 지역 실경산수화를 감상한 이들은 양천을 ‘정선이 관직을 했던 곳’으로 인식하였다. 정선은 《양천십경첩》을 활용하여 당대인들의 양천 지역에 대한 인문지리(人文地理)적 인식을 변화시켰으며 자신의 화명(畫名)을 높였다. 결국 《양천십경첩》을 통해 정선은 직업화가가 아닌 진정한 사대부 화가이자 양천 지역을 다스리는 현감으로서 자신의 사회적 위상을 높이고자 하였다.<BR> 정선은 평생 화가로서 자신의 정체성 및 자아를 기민하게 변화시키며 예술계에서 생존해나갔다. 화가였던 정선은 본인의 삶을 변화시키기 위해서 그림을 적극적으로 활용하였다. 이러한 정선의 능동적인 작가상(作家像)을 잘 보여주는 작품이 바로 《양천십경첩》이다.

Abstract B10: Feasibility of bronchial washing fluid-based approach to early-stage lung cancer diagnosis

Abstract Circulating tumor DNA has few applications for detecting early-stage lung cancers. Bronchial washing (BW) is minimally invasive, and BW fluids can contain tumor DNA. Thus, analysis of BW fluids could be used for precision medicine. Forty-eight paired specimens (primary tumor tissue, normal tissue, BW supernatant, and BW precipitate) from twelve patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer were analyzed using ultradeep next-generation sequencing with a custom panel containing 113 genes. In primary tumors, 130 missense mutations/indels (5–16 per patient) and 20 driver mutations (0–3) were found; 105 (80.8%) and 97 (74.6%) of these missense mutations/indels were identified in BW supernatants and precipitates, respectively, and 19 (95.0%) of the driver mutations in both BW supernatants and precipitates. Concordance between EGFR mutations in primary tumors, BW supernatants, and BW precipitates was 100%. The median allele frequencies (AFs) for missense mutations/indels in primary tumors, BW supernatants, and BW precipitates were 13.0%, 0.3%, and 0.1%, respectively. The AFs of missense mutations/indels in BW supernatants correlated with those in primary tumors and in BW precipitates (P&amp;lt;0.001). In conclusion, this study provides evidence that the BW fluids, especially supernatants, can be an alternative to overcome the limitation that clinical utility of ctDNA is often not reliable in early-stage NSCLC. Citation Format: Jeong Seon Ryu, Myoung Kyu Lee, Seung Jae Lee. Feasibility of bronchial washing fluid-based approach to early-stage lung cancer diagnosis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Liquid Biopsies; Jan 13-16, 2020; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2020;26(11_Suppl):Abstract nr B10.

An Aspect of Copy and Circulation of Jeong Seon’s Paintings during the Period of Modernization : Collections of the British Library

An Aspect of Copy and Circulation of Jeong Seon’s Paintings during the Period of Modernization : Collections of the British Library

조영석 〈유음납량 柳陰納凉〉의 비전 -특히 정선의 〈송음납량 松陰納凉〉의 비교를 통해서-

이 논문은 조영석의 대표적인 산수인물화인 〈유음납량〉(손세기컬렉션)이 갖고 있는 회화사적 가치와 의미를 평가하고, 궁극적으로 이 그림이 지향하는 비전(vision)이 무엇인지를 살펴보는 것이다. 이 글에서는 이 작품을 정선의 〈송음남량〉을 비교함으로써 18세기 전반을 대표하는 두 화가의 양식적 특색을 파악하고 두 사람의 예술적 교류를 살펴보고자 한다. 특히 조영석은 이 작품을 통해서 어떠한 회화적 지향성을 보였고, 그것이 자신의 인물화에서 어떤 의미를 지니는지를 파악한다.BR 두 그림은 형식이 비슷하지만, 등장인물의 선택이나 그 표현양식에서는 차이가 난다. 정선은 등장인물을 표현주의적으로 그렸다면, 조영석은 등장인물을 풍성하면서도 격조있는 이미지로 표현했다. 조영석이 등장인물을 정선에 비해 보다 자유로운 모습으로 그린 것은 후에 서민풍속의 풍속화를 그린 것과 연계된다.BR 조영석의 〈유음납량〉은 양면적인 성격을 띠고 있다. 한편에서는 아취 있는 엄격함을 갖추고 있으면서, 다른 한편에서는 통속적인 자유로움을 보여준다. 전자는 조선시대 사대부들이 보편적으로 갖고 있는 이념이라면, 후자는 새로운 시대의 변화에 대한 비전이다. 조영석의 작품은 고고함과 통속성이 공존하고 있는 산수인물화다. 그의 자유롭고 탈속적인 산수인물화는 결국 통속적인 풍속화로 변해갔다. 이러한 양면적 특색은 새로운 변화를 향하는 조선후기 회화의 과도기적 특색을 보여준다.

‘진경’의 고(古)와 금(今) : 근대기 사생과 진경 개념을 둘러싼 혼성과 변용

The term and concept of ‘Jingyeong(眞景)’, in addition to Japan’s liquidation of remnants after liberation, rediscovering it as a historical precursor to the recovery of Korean character, has been considered one of the most important concepts of the Korean Modernization, along with ‘Sasaeng(寫生)’ in relation to Jingyeong and Jeong Seon(鄭敾) in the latter part of the Joseon period. In this process, however, Sasaeng were also removed from the context of the “Jeonshin theory(傳神論)” used in East Asia before modern times, and there was a tendency to view ‘Sayi(寫意)’ and ‘Sasaeng’ in a dichotomous way and to understand Sayi in conjunction with the “Abstract Art” on modern times.BR However, if the emphasis was placed on graphic depictions of the immediate object, such as painting education conducted under the early Meiji policy, it became more likely to incorporate the old modern narrative into the Western formation theory through the rediscovery boom of the Eastern tradition that took place through the Taisho(大正) at the end of the Meiji period. Thus, the hierarchical and informative differentiation of Sasaeng from the rudimentary level of objective Sasaeng for amateurs(children) to the subjective Sasaeng for professionals was published through the leading Japanese painters and the theorists and spread to East Asia.BR In this paper, the two terms, ‘Jingyeong’ and ‘Sasaeng,’ have been traced through major literature and primary materials of the modern era to this day. Through this, the focus of understanding “truth” with a focus on “reality” and “reality” is a term derived from Japan’s “attraction painting(名所圖)” concept of evolution and the hybridization of Western landscape painting, and it aims to help expand the scope of understanding of modern Korean painting’s “truth” and “abstract art.”

겸재 정선의 진경산수화에 나타난 수변의 미지형 경관 특성과 하경양식†

This study is based on the analysis of the characteristics of waterfront scenery. Recently, waterfront development has expanded residentially, commercially and into leisure space. In the development of the waterfront, it is necessary to apply designs suitable for urban and various other waterfront areas. In this study, the natural scenery of the waterfront was researched with respect to the Korean Jingyeong landscape paintings and the main elements of the scenery were analyzed. In this study, 105 painting of Korean Jingyeong landscapes paintings were selected for the analysis of the waterside scenery. The paintings of Jeong Seon were studied to categorize streams topographically into mountainous, upper, middle, lower, and ocean types. In addition, major micro-topography elements, which are 13 water image elements and 13 staffage elements were analyzed. The main waterfront landscape elements are divided into 13 types. The waterfalls were divided into long waterfalls, short waterfalls, cascading waterfalls, and other aspects considered were line stream, curve stream, multi-curve stream, pond, water surface, flow surface, wave surface, rock side, pile sandy side, sandy side. There are 13 kinds of staffage elements, include pine forest, pine trees, fir trees, bamboo trees, willow trees, broadleaf tree, villages, houses, gazebo, boat, bridges, and people. The waterfront landscape by a river area was explained according to each characteristic of the waterfront landscape and staffage, and their changes were analyzed in each area. The 105 paintings were divided into 35 pieces of mountainous streams, 9 upper streams, 5 middle streams, 35 lower streams, and 21 oceans, and the change of each waterfront landscape and staffage was analyzed. Based on the topographical analysis of the waterfront landscape and staffage, the results can be summarized into 5 types of the waterfront landscape. Based on the micro-topographical characteristics of the waterfront landscape styles are as follow. In the mountainous streams, long waterfall and deep forest type are apparent, which depicts deep mountain waterfall scenery, and a multi-stream forest is the scenery of a picnic in the mountains, which is a representative form of mountainous streams landscape. In the upper-middle stream, the water-surface and gazebo type is predominant. In the lower stream, the sandy-gazebo type scenery is predominant and the sandy depiction is unique to lower stream landscape. Pile sandy-dock type is life scenes where human activity highlighted, is a representative form of the lower stream landscapes. The characteristic of the coastal landscape is the serpentine rock scenery on the beach and the wave-serpentine rock type that forms the main coastal landscape. The study aims to propose significant design elements for a natural waterfront landscape planning based on the analysis of landscape in the paintings of Jeong Seon.

Abstract 2470: Identification of long noncoding RNAs regulated by ZEB1 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in lung cancer cells

Abstract Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) are known to have various physiological and pathological functions. Some lncRNAs also show differential expression between cancer and normal tissues and play important roles in cancer development. In this study, we tried to identify novel lncRNAs that regulate epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, tumorigenesis, and metastasis of lung cancer cells. We performed an NGS-based RNA sequencing analysis in murine lung cancer cells overexpressing ZEB1, an EMT-inducing transcription factor. ZEB1 overexpression changed the expression of total 194 lncRNAs: increased 80 and decreased 114 lncRNAs (fold change≥2, p≤0.01). We then selected 32 lncRNAs with high basal levels and confirmed their differential expression by qRT-PCR. In addition, we measured their expression changes after ZEB1-knockout in mesenchymal-like cells, TGFβ-treatment in epithelial-like cells, and ZEB1-overexpression in human lung cancer cells. Through these experiments, we found several lncRNAs regulated by ZEB1 or EMT in lung cancer cells. Expressions of these lncRNAs showed correlation with that of ZEB1 in human lung adenocarcinoma TCGA data. Further investigation will unveil the effects of these lncRNAs on EMT, cancer development, and metastasis of lung cancer cells. Citation Format: Jeong Seon Kim, Young-Ho Ahn. Identification of long noncoding RNAs regulated by ZEB1 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in lung cancer cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2470.

1789년의 〈披襟亭圖〉: 강세황의 실경산수화에 관한 모색과 귀결

In 1788, Kang Sehwang (姜世晃, 1713~1791) criticized Jeong Seon (鄭敾, 1676~ 1759), one of the most renowned painters of Diamond Mountain (Mount Geumgang 金剛山), for not depicting its ‘true aspects’ and he displayed the desire to surpass Jeong Seon’s achievement in the painting of Diamond Mountain. BR This paper investigates Topographical Landscape Paintings from Kang’s oeuvre and specifically discusses how he expressed his artistic desire in the case of Pigeumjeong-do (披襟亭圖). The painting, which was executed in 1789, features the Pigeum Pavilion located on the way to the Geumgang mountain range and is one of the most monumental paintings among his artworks. In his earlier representations of landscapes, Kang tried to accurately depict the visible characteristics of the scenery and explored approaches for reproducing his visual experience in painting. In Songdo Gihaengcheop (松都紀行帖) of 1757, a set of topographical paintings of Kaeseong (開城, present North Korea), Kang introduces new techniques from Western art, e.g. linear perspective and shading technique, creating a highly three-dimensional effect. His interest toward this kind of landscape painting persisted for more than 30 years, including the period when he officially ceased any painting activities.BR But Pigeumjeong-do displays that by 1789, Kang was no longer interested in an accurate representation of the external world. Pigeumjeong-do’s main mountain ascends in the middle of the painting, repeatedly opening and closing, rising up and down, and receding into indefinite space. The depiction of the mountain in this manner is based on Dragon Veins (yongmaek 龍脈; Chin. long mai), a traditional concept of Chinese landscape painting originating in fengshui geomantic theory (pungsu jiri, 風水地理). Dragon Veins is a method of artistically expressing the vital energy of nature. Eminent Chinese literati painters like Huang Gongwang, Dong Qichang, and Wang Yuanqi incorporated the Dragon Veins concept into their artworks and turned the concept into one of the traits of literati landscape painting. In conclusion, after travelling to Mount Geumgang in 1788, Kang Sehwang adopted this manner of Chinese literati painters and implemented it in his Topographical Landscape Painting in order to capture the innate power of nature with his brushwork.

Study on Pictorial and Calligraphic Aesthetics of Album of Si Kong Tu's Shipin

《司空圖詩品帖》은 詩書畵 一律의 정수를 보여주는 조선후기 書畵美學의 力作이 다. 추상적이고 형이상학적인 미적 개념을 제시하는 司空圖의 『二十四詩品』에는 當代 詩人墨客들에게 무한한 영감을 불러일으키는 심층적인 철학과 예술적 사유가 집약적으로 담겨져 있다. 《司空圖詩品帖》은 晩唐 최고의 시인인 司空圖 (837~908)가 제시한 24風格의 詩意를 조선후기 대표적 畵家인 겸재(謙齋)정선 (鄭敾,1676~1759)이 그림을 그리고, 뛰어난 書家인 원교(圓嶠)이광사(李匡師, 1705~1777)가 原文을 形象化하여 合璧을 이루었다. 詩·書·畵 三絶은 當代 詩人墨客들의 이상이었고, 사공도의 詩, 정선의 畵, 이광사의 書가 조화를 이루는《司空圖詩品帖》은 당대 詩·書·畵의 정수를 보여주며 一律을 이루고 있어 書&#30059;美學的 의의가 매우 크다고 할 수 있다. 그러나 그동안 조선후기의 文藝的 思惟를 통괄적으로 살펴볼 수 있는《司空圖詩 品帖》의 書&#30059;美學에 대한 연구는 미미했다. 이에 본고는 다양한 예술적 사유와 표현방식을 제시하고 있는《司空圖詩品帖》의 詩書畵에 대한 탐구를 통해 조선후기의 書&#30059;美學에 대한 의미를 재조명하고자 한다. 회화적 상상을 불러일으키는 『二十四詩品』은 형상예술의 좋은 소재가 되었고, 24개의 미학적 개념으로 범주화된 風格은 각각의 詩情에 맞게《司空圖詩品帖》에서 24개의 畵意와 書興으로 표현되었다. 詩情과 &#30059;意, 그리고 書興으로 표현된 《司空圖詩品帖》으로 인하여 조선의 書&#30059; 美學은 더욱 풍부한 가치를 지니게 되었다. 이에 본 연구를 통해 다양한 철학과 다채로운 審美意識을 形象化하고 있는 겸재와 이광사의 書&#30059;帖인《司空圖詩品帖》의 뛰어난 가치를 알리는 계기를 마련하고자 한다.Album of Si Kong Tu’s Shipin is a masterwork that shows the essence of harmony in poetry, calligraphy and painting of pictorial and calligraphic aesthetics in the late Joseon. Si Kong Tu’s Ershisi Shipin that presents abstract and metaphysical aesthetic concepts intensively embodies in-depth philosophy and artistic thinking that infinitely inspires the then poets and calligraphers. Album of Si Kong Tu’s Shipin is a work of beautiful combination with the Joseon’s representative painter Gyeomjae Jeong Seon and the outstanding calligrapher Wongyo Lee Gwang-Sa for painting and calligraphic work respectively on twenty four styles of poetry by Si Kong Tu, the best poet of late Tang. Three Excellencies of poetry, calligraphy and painting were the ideals of the then poets and calligraphers and Album of Si Kong Tu’s Shipin on which Si Kong Tu’s poetry, Jeong Seon’s painting and Lee Gwang-Sa’s calligraphy shows the essence of poetry, calligraphy and painting and makes harmony between them as well has remarkable significance in pictorial and calligraphic aesthetics. However, studies on pictorial and calligraphic aesthetics of Album of Si Kong Tu’s Shipin through which we can comprehensively examine late Joseon’s literary thinking have not been significantly carried out. Thus, this study tries to shed new light on meanings of late Joseon’s pictorial and calligraphic aesthetics by exploring poetry, calligraphy and painting in Album of Si Kong Tu’s Shipin that presents various artistic thinking and expression modes. Ershisi Shipin that brings pictorial imagination serves as a good material for formative art and the styles categorized into twenty four aesthetical concepts are expressed with twenty four pictorial meanings and calligraphic joy based on each one’s poetic feelings. With Album of Si Kong Tu’s Shipin expressed with poetic feelings, pictorial meanings and calligraphic joy, Joseon’s pictorial and calligraphic aesthetics has become much richer. This study is expected to give an opportunity to present outstanding values of Album of Si Kong Tu’s Shipin by Gyeomjae and Lee Gwang-Sa that embodies various philosophies and diversified aesthetical awareness.

Abstract 5931: Effect of necrosis on the migration, invasion and miRNA-mRNA association in glioblastoma cells

Abstract Grade IV astrocytoma, also called glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), is considered the most malignant glial tumor. The purpose of our study is to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the signaling network between necrotic tissues and GBM cells by exploring the effect of necrosis on GBM migration, invasion and miRNA-mRNA association. The migration and invasion of the CRT-MG human astroglioma cells were significantly enhanced by treatment with necrotic cells, as shown by assays for scratch wound healing and spheroid invasion. Incubation with necrotic cells induced IL-8 secretion in CRT-MG in dose-dependent manner. Immunohistochemical and immunoflurorescence analysis for IL-8 in human GBM tissues showed that positively stained cells were mainly distributed in perinecrotic region. Necrotic cells induced NF-κB and AP-1 activation and their DNA binding to IL-8 promoter, leading to enhanced IL-8 production and secretion in GBM cells. To determine the effect of necrosis on the miRNA profiles and regulatory relationship, the expression profiles of miRNA and mRNA and association between mRNA and their corresponding miRNAs were analyzed by next-generation sequencing (NGS). Our results demonstrate that necrotic cells enhance the migration and invasion of GBM cells through NF-κB/AP-1/IL-8 signaling pathway and induce dysregulation of miRNA and mRNA expression profiles in GBM cells. Citation Format: So-Hee Ahn, Hyunju Park, Jeong Seon Kim, Young-Ho Ahn, Sewha Kim, Min-Sun Cho, Jihee Lee Kang, Youn-Hee Choi. Effect of necrosis on the migration, invasion and miRNA-mRNA association in glioblastoma cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5931. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-5931

Abstract 2541: Two miR-34 loci, miR-34a and miR-34b/c, have differential anticancer effects in lung adenocarcinomas

Abstract Three miR-34 family members (miR-34a, miR-34b, and miR-34c) are clustered on two different chromosomal loci, miR-34a and miR-34b/c, and have identical seed-sequences predicted to target the same set of genes; however, miR-34a and miR-34c have different sets of negatively correlated genes in TCGA data of human lung adenocarcinomas. Therefore, we hypothesized that miR-34 family members, which are tumor suppressive miRNAs, might have differential effects on lung tumorigenesis. To prove this, we overexpressed each miR-34 cluster, miR-34a and miR-34b/c, in murine lung cancer cells. miR-34b/c enhanced cancer cell attachment and suppressed cell growth and invasion compared with miR-34a. In a syngeneic mouse model, both miR-34a and miR-34b/c blocked lung metastasis; whereas, miR-34b/c suppressed tumor growth more than miR-34a. miR-34b/c also decreased mesenchymal markers (Cdh2 and Fn1), and increased epithelial markers (Inadl, Crb3, Ocln, and Dsp) and miR-200 family members better than miR-34a, implying that miR-34b and miR-34c partially inhibit EMT. Furthermore, miR-34b and miR-34c are better prognostic markers than miR-34a in human lung adenocarcinoma patients. Collectively, we suggest that miR-34b and miR-34c are more effective tumor suppressors than miR-34a. Citation Format: Jeong Seon Kim, Young-Ho Ahn. Two miR-34 loci, miR-34a and miR-34b/c, have differential anticancer effects in lung adenocarcinomas [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2541. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-2541

Jeong Seon's Geumgang-san Paintings and the Picturesque Poetry -Reconsideration of the Terminology, 'True-view Landscapes'-

Jeong Seon's Geumgang-san Paintings and the Picturesque Poetry -Reconsideration of the Terminology, 'True-view Landscapes'-

A Study on the Interplay between “Poetry”and “Painting” in Jeong Seon’s “Poetry Painting”

A Study on the Interplay between “Poetry”and “Painting” in Jeong Seon’s “Poetry Painting”

Abstract 1908: Lung tumorigenesis and metastasis is suppressed by the miR-200-GATA4/6-BMP4 axis

Abstract MicroRNA-200 (miR-200) family members suppress the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of various cancer cells, including lung adenocarcinoma cells. Previously, we found that forced expression of miR-200 decreased bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4). In this study, we explored the mechanism and role of BMP4 depletion by miR-200 in murine lung adenocarcinoma cells. miR-200 down-regulated BMP4 via direct targeting of the GATA4 and GATA6 transcription factors that stimulate Bmp4 transcription. Bmp4 knockdown suppressed cancer cell growth, migration, and invasion and inhibited tumorigenesis and metastasis of lung cancer cells when injected into syngeneic mice. In addition, BMP4 was required for normal sphere formation in Matrigel 3-D culture, which might be mediated by MYH10, a downstream target of BMP4. These findings suggest that BMP4 functions as a pro-tumorigenic factor in a murine lung cancer model, and its transcription is regulated by miR-200 and GATA4/6. Citation Format: Jeong Seon Kim, Jonathan M. Kurie, Young-Ho Ahn. Lung tumorigenesis and metastasis is suppressed by the miR-200-GATA4/6-BMP4 axis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 1908.

산지별 식용 귀뚜라미의 이화학적 특성

Insects have gained increasing attention as an alternative protein and nutrient rich food source for humans. This study was conducted to investigate the physicochemical characteristics and harmful components of edible crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus) in the 6 districts of Yeonggwang (YG), Jeongseon (JS), Wonju (WJ), Hwaseong (HS), Geochang (GC), and Chungju (CJ). The average crude protein and crude lipid contents on a dry basis were 64.34% and 16.60%, respectively. The crude protein content of CJ was the highest (67.40%), whereas YG (59.42%) had the lowest content. On the other hand, the crude fat content of YG was the highest (20.61%), whereas CJ (14.04%) had the lowest content. The unsaturated fatty acid contents were 57.97-63.93 g/100 g of the total fatty acid content in the crickets of the 6 districts. The major fatty acids of the crickets in the 6 districts were palmitic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid. Among the essential amino acids, valine, leucine, and lysine were the most abundant. GC had the highest total amino acids (57.93 g/100 g), whereas YG (48.65 g/100 g) had the lowest. Major mineral contents included potassium (K, 0.92~1.01 mg/100 mg) and phosphorus (P, 0.74~0.88 mg/100 mg). The mineral composition was fairly similar among the crickets. Crickets in the 6 districts were verified to have safe levels of residual heavy metals according to the Korea Food &amp; Drug Administration (KFDA) advisory levels.

Abstract 4337: Comprehensive analysis of genetic variations of genes involved in DNA damage response pathways or cell cycle checkpoints and treatment outcome in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with platinum doublets

Abstract Genes involved in DNA damage response (DDR) pathways or cell cycles checkpoints (CCC) are thought to be closely related to effect of platinum doublets, backbone in treatment for lung cancer patients. We tried to evaluate validity of germ-line variations of all genes related to DDR or CCC as potential predictive biomarker of treatment outcome in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with platinum doublets. A total of 967 NSCLC patients treated with platinum doublets as front line chemotherapy was enrolled and divided randomly into three sets: screening, training and validation. For screening set, whole exons, -1,000 bps upstreams, and splicing junctions in the 170 genes related to DDR or CCC were analyzed using next generation sequencing, then genetic variations were selected with several criterions such as minor allele frequency &amp;gt; 5%, call rate &amp;gt; 90%, p value for HWE &amp;gt; 0.001, and impact of genetic variation. Their effects on progression free survival or response to platinum doublets were evaluated in two phases: training and validation process. Clinical characteristics were not different between training (n = 372) and validation (n = 381) cohorts. A total of 4,697 genetic variations and 7 In/Del were identified in screening set, then 232 genetic variations and 7 In/Del from 118 genes were finally selected with predefined criterions. In training cohort, 29 genetic variations were found to be associated with progression free survival or response. However, the effects of these genetic variations were not failed to be validated. In subgroup analysis with non-adenocarcinoma patients, CLSPN (rs79083467), MSH3 (rs32952), and RAD51C (rs12946397) were shown to be associated with progression free survival of the patients (cox p values for CLSPN, MSH3, RAD51C: 0.028, 0.022, 0.035 in training cohort; 0.046, 0.026, 0.008, respectively in validation cohort). In this study, we have failed to show validity of the germ-line variations in predicting treatment outcome of NSCLC patients treated with platinum doublets. This result show germ-line variations related to pharmacodynamics have a limited value in predicting platinum effect. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Jeong Seon Ryu, Bo-Rim Yi, Seul-Ki Lee, Soon-Sun Hong. Comprehensive analysis of genetic variations of genes involved in DNA damage response pathways or cell cycle checkpoints and treatment outcome in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with platinum doublets. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 4337. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-4337

Abstract 5389: Novel kinase inhibitor for imatinib-resistant chronic myeloid leukemia with T315I mutation

Abstract Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by a constitutive activation of Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase. Bcr-Abl/T315I is the predominant mutation that causes resistance to Imatinib. In the present study, we synthesized a novel Bcr-Abl inhibitor, HS-543, and investigated its effect on cell survival or apoptosis in CML cells bearing Bcr-Abl/T315I (BaF3/T315I) or wild-type Bcr-Abl (BaF3/WT). HS-543 showed anti-proliferative effects in the BaF3/WT cells as well as the BaF3/T315I cells with resistance to Imatinib and strongly inhibited the Bcr-Abl signaling pathways in a dose dependent manner. Furthermore, it significantly increased the sub G1 phase associated with early apoptosis, with increased levels of cleaved PARP and caspase-3, as well as the TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells. In addition, we found that HS-543 induced apoptosis with the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential by decreasing the expression of Mcl-1 and survivin, together with increasing the expression of Bax. In BaF3/T315I xenograft models, HS-543 significantly delayed tumor growth, unlike Imatinib. Our results demonstrate that HS-543 exhibits the induction of apoptosis and anti-proliferative effect by blocking the Bcr-Abl signaling pathways in the T315I-mutated Bcr-Abl cells with resistance to Imatinib. We suggest that HS-543 may be a novel promising agent to target Bcr-Abl and overcome Imatinib resistance in CML patients. Citation Format: Soon-Sun Hong, Soo Jung Kim, Kyung Hee Jung, Hong Hua Yan, Zhenghuan Fang, Joo Han Lim, Jeong Seon Ryu. Novel kinase inhibitor for imatinib-resistant chronic myeloid leukemia with T315I mutation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 5389. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-5389