Miscanthus Sinensis Research Articles

Evidence for an Asian origin of Sorghum Mosaic Virus Infecting Sugarcane in Louisiana and the Western Hemisphere

Three viruses causing mosaic-like symptoms in sugarcane and related grasses, namely sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV), sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV), and sugarcane streak mosaic virus (SCSMV), have been reported in Louisiana since 1919. In this study, complete genome-coding sequences (9168-9240 nt) were obtained for mosaic viruses from 36 symptomatic leaf samples of cultivated and wild sugarcane and one sample of silver grass. These samples represented historical diseased plants that were collected in Louisiana from the 1940s to the early 2020s. SrMV sequences were obtained from 35 sugarcane samples whereas a SCMV sequence was recovered from one. Miscanthus sinensis mosaic virus (MsiMV) was identified in the silver grass sample. Virus populations of SrMV from the USA and from China differed based on phylogenetic investigations of the complete genome-coding sequence of 59 virus isolates. Recombination events and the greater diversity of SrMV in China suggested that the virus occurring in the USA originated from Asia. All SrMV isolates from the Americas (Argentina, Louisiana, Paraguay, and Texas) also grouped together in a phylogenetic tree based on the coat protein sequence of 683 worldwide virus isolates. These isolates of the Western Hemisphere differed from the isolates from Asia (China, Myanmar, and Vietnam). The isolates of SrMV from the USA, including pathogenic strains H, I, and M, belonged to the same phylogenetic lineage, thus suggesting that the pathogenic variation of the virus needs further investigations and application of strict quarantine measures to avoid further spread of SrMV among sugarcane-producing locations.

Evolutionary analysis of the DHHCs in Saccharinae

The DHHC domain genes are crucial for protein lipid modification, a key post-translational modification influencing membrane targeting, subcellular trafficking, and protein function. Despite their significance, the DHHC gene family in Saccharinae remains understudied. Here, we identified 32 (110 alleles), 28, 53, and 48 DHHC genes in Saccharum spontaneum Np-X, Erianthus rufipilus, Miscanthus sinensis, and Miscanthus lutarioriparius, respectively. Collinearity analysis uncovered the loss of two M. lutarioriparius genes, homologues of EruDHHC1C and EruDHHC3A. Phylogenetic and classification analyses categorized DHHC family members into six subgroups (A-F). Ka/Ks ratio analysis indicated that gene duplication in these species was primarily driven by whole-genome duplication (WGD) and dispersed duplication (DSD), with DHHC genes evolving under strong purifying selection. Gene expression and trait correlation analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between SspDHHC28A expression in S. spontaneum and sucrose content, suggesting a role in photosynthesis product transport during rapid growth. This study deepens our understanding of the DHHC gene family’s functional dynamics and evolutionary path in Saccharinae, laying a foundation for future research.

Exploring chilling stress and recovery dynamics in C4 perennial grass of Miscanthus sinensis

Exploring chilling stress and recovery dynamics in C4 perennial grass of Miscanthus sinensis

Higher severity fire increases the long-term competitiveness of pyrophytes in an upland oak-pine forest, Kentucky, USA

BackgroundIn eastern North American forests and woodlands, formerly dominant oaks (Quercus spp. L.) and pines (Pinus spp. L.) are experiencing widespread regeneration challenges. These challenges are due to past land use and fire exclusion facilitating positive feedbacks that reduce the effectiveness of low-severity prescribed fire. High-severity fires (wildfires and potentially prescribed burns) offer promise to overcome these feedbacks and assist in ecosystem restoration. In 2010, a 670-ha mixed-severity wildfire burned in the Daniel Boone National Forest, Kentucky, USA, providing a rare opportunity to track oak-pine community recovery across a wide fire severity spectrum for 12 years. We examined the effects of burn severity on species diversity, forest structure, community assemblage, stem recruitment into the midstory (2–10 cm diameter at breast height [DBH]) and canopy (10 + cm DBH), and non-native invasive plant (NNIP) populations, and compared these effects to previous results published after 6 years post-fire.ResultsThe relative importance of midstory pyrophyte species (e.g., Quercus spp. and Pinus spp.) was positively related to field-measured burn severity, while mesophytes (e.g., Acer rubrum, Betula lenta) displayed a weaker negative relationship. After 12 years, higher burn severity yielded greater midstory recruitment of pyrophytes; however, this was only observed for yellow pines (P. echinata Mill., P. rigida Mill., P. virginiana Mill.) and non-oak-pine pyrophytes. Oaks’ and mesophytes’ midstory recruitment displayed no relationship with burn severity. Increased burn severity strongly increased invasive species presence, particularly Chinese silvergrass (Miscanthus sinensis Andersson).ConclusionsSix years after fire, oak midstory recruitment was positively related to burn severity. By year 12, higher burn severity was no longer associated with oak midstory recruitment but was associated with increased recruitment and importance of other pyrophytic species, particularly yellow pines. Our results also suggest that a single high-severity fire can increase the long-term competitive status of pyrophytes relative to mesophytes. As such, higher-severity fire may be an important tool in restoring fire-adapted communities where low-severity fire lacks the ability to produce meaningful forest structure and community changes. However, NNIP proliferation in high-severity burn areas can undermine the restoration benefits we observed.

From ornamental to essential: investigating applied drought in Miscanthus sinensis; sensitivity, response mechanisms, and subsequent recovery

From ornamental to essential: investigating applied drought in <i>Miscanthus sinensis</i>; sensitivity, response mechanisms, and subsequent recovery

Effects of particle size and pretreatment methods on the morphometry of grass charcoal particles: Implications for morphometric analysis of microcharcoal particles

The morphometry of sedimentary charcoal particles illuminates the source fuel types. This study explores the variation in morphometry (specifically, the length-to-width (L/W) ratio) of charcoal particles of different sizes, using charcoal collected from Miscanthus sinensis (Japanese pampas grass) fields following controlled burning. We also investigated the impact of pretreatment processes on sedimentary microcharcoals. The results indicate a general decrease in the L/W ratio with decreasing particle size, with the microcharcoal exhibiting a substantial decrease. The mean L/W ratios for size categories of 250 µm–1 mm, 125–250 µm, 63–125 µm, and &lt;63 μm in size are 6.42, 5.54, 4.94, and 3.45, respectively. Furthermore, pretreatment processes for microcharcoal decrease the L/W ratio. Consequently, the L/W ratio of grass microcharcoal (&lt;125 μm) likely falls within 50–80% of the ratios observed in grass macrocharcoal (&gt;125 μm), necessitating caution in interpreting microcharcoal data. Our findings emphasize the importance of considering particle size and pretreatment effects when interpreting paleofire records and highlight the need for further research to establish robust cutoff values for fuel type inference based on charcoal morphometry, particularly for microcharcoal.

Genetic Basis of Non‐Photochemical Quenching and Photosystem II Efficiency Responses to Chilling in the Biomass Crop Miscanthus

ABSTRACTMiscanthus holds a promise as a biocrop due to its high yield, perenniality and ability to grow on infertile soils. However, the current commercial biomass production of Miscanthus is mostly limited to a single sterile triploid clone of M. × giganteus. Nevertheless, parental species of M. × giganteus, Miscanthus sacchariflorus and Miscanthus sinensis contain vast genetic diversity for crop improvement. With M. sacchariflorus having a natural geographic distribution in cold‐temperate northeast China and eastern Russia, we hypothesised that it has substantial variation in physiological response to chilling. Using a semi‐high‐throughput method, we phenotyped 209 M. sacchariflorus genotypes belonging to six genetic groups for non‐photochemical quenching (NPQ) and photosystem II efficiency (ΦPSII) kinetics under warm and chilling treatments in three growing seasons. In response to the chilling treatment, all genetic groups exhibited an increase in NPQ induction rate indicating faster activation of NPQ in light. Notably, under chilling, the Korea/NE China/Russia 2x and N China 2x groups stood out for the highest NPQ rate in light and the highest steady‐state NPQ in light. This NPQ phenotype may contribute adaptation to chilling during bright, cold mornings of spring and early autumn in temperate climates, when faster NPQ would better protect from oxidative stress. Such enhanced adaptation could expand the growing season and thus productivity at a given location or expand the range of economically viable growing locations to higher latitudes and altitudes. A genome‐wide association study identified 126 unique SNPs associated with NPQ and ΦPSII traits. Among the identified candidate genes were enzymes involved in the ascorbate recycle and shikimate pathway, gamma‐aminobutyric acid and cation efflux transporters. Identifying natural variation and genes involved in NPQ and ΦPSII kinetics considerably enlarges the toolbox for breeding and/or engineering Miscanthus with optimised photosynthesis under warm and chilling conditions for sustainable feedstock production for bioenergy.Chilling affects the productivity and geographical distribution of most crops. Using a semi‐high‐throughput approach to investigate photosynthesis‐related traits, we characterised variation existing in the bioenergy crop Miscanthus under chilling and warm conditions and identified potential genes associated with it. Under chilling, two genetic groups from the northern edge of Miscanthus distribution stood out for faster activation of photoprotection. This trait may contribute adaptation to chilling in temperate climates, when faster photoprotection would better defend from oxidative stress. Enhanced chilling adaptation could expand the growing season and thus productivity or enlarge the range of growing locations.

다도해해상국립공원 칠발도의 식생 및 바다제비 둥지 분포 특성

This study was conducted to identify the vegetation and Swinhoe’s Storm Petrel nest distribution characteristics on Chilbaldo Island in Dadohaehaesang National Park. The vegetation on Chilbaldo Island is mostly dominated by Carex wahuensis var. robusta, with shrub forests of this species and Ficus carica being predominant at the summit. The average number of Swinhoe’s Storm Petrel nests across the island was 1.86 places/㎡, and the number of residential nests was 0.6 places/㎡. The density of Swinhoe’s Storm Petrel nests according to plant community was 2.78 places/㎡ for the Carex wahuensis var. robusta community, 2.5 places/㎡ each for the Boehmeria nivea and Miscanthus sinensis communities, 1.63 places/㎡ for the Ficus carica community, 1.25 places/㎡ for the Euonymus japonicus community, and 1 place/㎡ for the Rubus schizostylus community.

The Fungal Community Structure Regulates Elevational Variations in Soil Organic Carbon Fractions in a Wugong Mountain Meadow.

Soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions are vital intrinsic indicators of SOC stability, and soil fungi are the key drivers of soil carbon cycling. However, variations in SOC fractions along an elevational gradient in mountain meadows and the role of the fungal community in regulating these variations are largely unknown, especially in subtropical areas. In this study, an elevation gradient experiment (with experimental sites at 1500, 1700, and 1900 m) was set up in a Miscanthus sinensis community in a meadow on Wugong Mountain, Southeast China, to clarify the effects of elevation on soil fungal community composition, microbial residue carbon, and SOC fractions. The results showed that the contribution of soil microbial residue carbon to SOC was only 16.1%, and the contribution of soil fungal residue carbon to SOC (15.3%) was far greater than that of bacterial residue carbon (0.3%). An increase in elevation changed the fungal community structure and diversity, especially in the topsoil (0-20 cm depth) compared with that in the subsoil (20-40 cm depth), but did not affect fungal residue carbon in the two soil layers. When separating SOC into the fractions mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC), we found that the contribution of MAOC (66.6%) to SOC was significantly higher than that of POC (20.6%). Although an increased elevation did not affect the SOC concentration, it significantly changed the SOC fractions in the topsoil and subsoil. The soil POC concentration and its contribution to SOC increased with an increasing elevation, whereas soil MAOC showed the opposite response. The elevational variations in SOC fractions and the POC/MAOC ratio were co-regulated by the fungal community structure and total nitrogen. Our results suggested that SOC stabilization in mountain meadows decreases with an increasing elevation and is driven by the fungal community structure, providing scientific guidance for SOC sequestration and stability in mountain meadows in subtropical areas.

Isolation and Identification of Multi-Traits PGPR for Sustainable Crop Productivity Under Salinity Stress

High salinity poses a significant threat to arable land globally and contributes to desertification. Growth-promoting rhizobacteria assist plants in mitigating abiotic stresses and enhancing crop productivity through the production of siderophores, exopolysaccharides (EPS), solubilisation of phosphate, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and other secondary metabolites. This study aimed to isolate, identify, and characterise bacteria that exhibit robust growth-promoting properties. A total of 64 bacterial isolates from the rhizosphere of Miscanthus sinensis were evaluated for plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits, including IAA, EPS, siderophores, and solubilisation of phosphate. Among them, five isolates were selected as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) based on their PGP features and identified via 16S rRNA sequencing: Enterococcus mundtii strain INJ1 (OR122486), Lysinibacillus fusiformis strain INJ2 (OR122488), Lysinibacillus sphaericus strain MIIA20 (OR122490), Pseudomonas qingdaonensis strain BD1 (OR122487), and Pseudomonas qingdaonensis strain MIA20 (OR122489), all documented in NCBI GenBank. BD1 demonstrated a higher production of superoxide dismutase (SOD) (17.93 U/mg mL), catalase (CAT) (91.17 U/mg mL), and glutathione (GSH) (0.18 U/mg mL), along with higher concentrations of IAA (31.69 µg/mL) and salicylic acid (SA) (14.08 ng/mL). These isolates also produced significant quantities of amino and organic acids. BD1 exhibited superior PGP traits compared to other isolates. Furthermore, the NaCl tolerance of these bacterial isolates was assessed by measuring their growth at concentrations ranging from 0 to 200 mM at 8-h intervals. Optical density (OD) measurements indicated that BD1 and INJ2 displayed significant tolerance to salt stress. The utilisation of these isolates, which enhances plant growth and PGP traits under salt stress, may improve plant development under saline conditions.

Optimizing micropropagation of Miscanthus sinensis ‘Gold Bar’ by shortening the production cycle and reducing acclimation stress through the use of selected growth regulators

Miscanthus, with its decorative qualities and low cultivation requirements in terms of soil fertility and temperature, is the most popular grass in gardens and urban areas. For years, micropropagation has been regarded as an effective method of its production. However, in order to meet the demands of customers and provide adequate quantities of high-quality planting materials, it is necessary to develop more efficient methods of Miscanthus production. The present study evaluated the influence of different media on Miscanthus sinensis (Thunb.) Andersson (silver grass) multiplication as well as assessing the effect of different concentrations of selected cytokinins and auxins on multiplication and rhizogenesis. To shorten the production cycle and reduce costs, ex vitro rooting was combined with acclimatization, and selected growth regulators were used to decrease stress associated with external conditions. Biochemical analyses were conducted at each stage to determine the content of basic organic compounds, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and catalase activity. Stomatal function was assessed at the acclimatization stage. The obtained results allowed for the production cycle of plants propagated in tissue culture to be shortened by simultaneous rooting and acclimatization of microcuttings sprayed with abscisic acid (ABA). This regulator has been shown to effectively reduce plant stress associated with acclimatization by reducing H2O2 concentration and increasing assimilation pigment content. Growth regulators reduced the number of stomata that developed on the leaves of silver grass and led to lower stomatal conductance. H2O2 should be considered not only a stress marker but a vital signaling molecule.

Comprehensive Analysis of Miscanthus Research: Sustainable Biomass and Bioenergy Through Knowledge Mapping

Miscanthus grass species have gained global research attention in the fields of biomass and bioenergy, witnessing remarkable advancements in the 21st century. This study systematically searched and selected relevant literature on primary research involving Miscanthus species, published between 2007 and 2023, from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Web of Science core databases. Utilizing CiteSpace as a bibliometric tool, the study generated quantitative statistics and performed data analysis on the selected articles. The examination covered publication trends, national and author publication outputs, author and journal co-citations, keyword research hotspots, and the temporal evolution of research topics in the Miscanthus research field, offering empirical support for future in-depth investigations and innovation in Miscanthus spp. The research findings reveal the following insights: (1) Publication trends can be divided into two phases (stable growth and fluctuating decline), with recent trends maintaining a relatively high level. (2) A collaborative publication network, led by core authors such as Zili Yi, John Clifton-Brown, and Iris Lewandowski, has been established, characterized by a diverse research focus and close cooperation. (3) Research hotspots encompass several aspects, including biomass production yield, efficiency, and energy products of Miscanthus spp., ecological restoration, genetics, plant physiological research, and chemical components. The primary species investigated are Miscanthus×giganteus, Miscanthus sinensis, Miscanthus floridulus, and Miscanthus lutarioriparius.

Secondary contact zone and genetic introgression in closely related haplodiploid social spider mites.

How frequently hybridisation and gene flow occur in the contact zones of diverging taxa is important for understanding the speciation process. Stigmaeopsis sabelisi and Stigmaeopsis miscanthi high-aggression form (hereafter, S. miscanthi HG) are haplodiploid, social spider mites that infest the Chinese silver grass, Miscanthus sinensis. These two species are closely related and parapatrically distributed in Japan. In mountainous areas, S. sabelisi and S. miscanthi HG are often found in the highlands and lowlands, respectively, suggesting that they are in contact at intermediate altitudes. It is estimated that they diverged from their common ancestors distributed in subtropical regions (south of Japan) during the last glacial period, expanded their distribution into the Japanese Archipelago, and came to have such a parapatric distribution (secondary contact). As their reproductive isolation is strong but incomplete, hybridisation and genetic introgression are expected at their distributional boundaries. In this study, we investigated their spatial distribution patterns along the elevation on Mt. Amagi using male morphological differences, and investigated their hybridisation status using single-nucleotide polymorphisms by MIG-seq. We found their contact zone at altitudes of 150-430 m, suggesting that their contact zone is prevalent in the parapatric area, which is in line with a previous study. Interspecific mating was predicted based on the sex ratio in the contact zone. No obvious hybrids were found, but genetic introgression was detected although it was extremely low.

Miscanthus sinensis 'Variegatus' Variegated Japanese Silver Grass

This document provides an overview of Miscanthus sinensis ‘Variegatus’, commonly known as variegated Japanese silver grass or maiden grass. It describes the plant’s distinctive features, including its variegated leaves, pink flowers, and upright growth habit. The document highlights its uses in landscaping, such as mass planting, borders, and as an accent plant. It also covers the plant’s adaptability to various soil types, its moderate drought tolerance, and its invasive potential. Additionally, it mentions other cultivars of Miscanthus sinensis and provides guidance on planting and maintenance. Original publication date October 1999.

Miscanthus sinensis 'Morning Light' Morning Light Maiden Grass

This document provides an overview of Miscanthus sinensis ‘Morning Light’, commonly known as ‘Morning Light’ maiden grass. It describes the plant’s physical characteristics, including its height, spread, and fine-textured foliage. The document highlights its ornamental uses in landscapes, such as mass planting, borders, and as an accent. It also covers the plant’s adaptability to various soil types, its drought tolerance, and its preference for full sun. Additionally, the document mentions the plant’s invasive potential and provides information on its propagation and pest resistance. Original publication date September 1999.

Potential of sustainable non-woody Miscanthus sinensis fibers in papermaking

Potential of sustainable non-woody Miscanthus sinensis fibers in papermaking

Plant traits regulated metal(loid)s in dominant herbs in an antimony mining area of the karst zone, China.

Understanding how plant functional traits respond to mining activities and impact metal(loid)saccumulation in dominant species is crucial for exploring the driving mechanisms behind plant community succession and predicting the ecological restoration potential of these plants. In this study, we investigated four dominant herbaceous species (Artemisia argyi, Miscanthus sinensis, Ficus tikoua, and Ageratina adenophora) growing on antimony (Sb) mining sites (MS) with high Sb and arsenic (As) levels, as well as non-mining sites (NMS). The aim was to analyze the variations in functional traits and their contribution to Sb and As concentrations in plants. Our results indicate that mining activities enhanced soil nitrogen (N) limitation and phosphorus (P) enrichment, while significantly reducing the plant height of three species, except for F. tikoua. The four species absorbed more calcium (Ca) to ensure higher tolerance to Sb and As levels, which is related to the activation of Ca signaling pathways and defense mechanisms. Furthermore, plant Sb and As concentrations were dependent on soil metal(loid) levels and plant element stoichiometry. Overall, these findings highlight the regulatory role of plant element traits in metal(loid) concentrations, warranting widespread attention and further study in the future.

Ornamental Grasses Tolerate Cyclical Flood, Drought, and Submergence During Stormwater Management, but Conditions and Survival Vary by Species

Perennial ornamental grasses are often recommended for rain gardens, but few data support their use. We conducted two experiments to evaluate the ability of ornamental grass cultivars to grow while subjected to cyclical flooding, submergence, and drought typical of rain gardens. Our objectives were to determine the effects of cyclical flood and drought (Expt. 1) and submergence depth and duration (Expt. 2) on grass growth and survival. Seven cultivars were evaluated during greenhouse trials, including Pixie Fountain tufted hairgrass [Deschampsia cespitosa (L.) P. Beauv.], Northwind switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), Red October big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman), Purpurascens Chinese silvergrass (Miscanthus sinensis Andersson), Blue Heaven® little bluestem [Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash], Blonde Ambition blue grama grass [Bouteloua gracilis (Kunth) Lag. ex Griffiths], and Karl Foerster feather reed grass [Calamagrostis ×acutiflora (Schrad.) DC]. During Expt. 1, grasses underwent four cycles of flooding duration (2 days or 7 days) followed by drought (drying to volumetric soil water contents of 0.14 or 0.07 cm3·cm−3). During Expt. 2, grasses were cyclically submerged at 15 or 30 cm above the soil surface for 2, 4, or 7 days, followed by floodwater removal and drainage for 2 days before being resubmerged. Cyclical submergence continued until the 7-day submergence treatments completed four cycles. Both experiments were replicated in a full factorial randomized complete block design. Controls were included in both experiments. Plants were measured to determine plant height, shoot count, visual damage rating, shoot dry weight, and root dry weight. Floodwater chemistry and soil reducing conditions were measured during Expt. 2. Chinese silvergrass and switchgrass survived cyclical soil flooding/drought and submergence for 7 days at a depth of 30 cm while maintaining acceptable foliar damage. All grasses survived cyclical flood and drought when the soil volumetric water content was maintained at 14%, suggesting they can withstand periodic soil flooding as long as the water is not too deep. As water depth and duration increased from 4 days to 7 days, little bluestem, blue grama grass, and feather reed grass experienced significant foliar damage. Tufted hair grass and big bluestem experienced significant foliar damage when submerged for 2 days. Our results showed that perennial ornamental grasses can tolerate cyclical flood and drought and periodic submergence, but that plant conditions and survival vary, which can inform strategic plant placement within rain gardens, bioretention basins, and other stormwater management systems.

Effect of Composted Organic Waste on Miscanthus sinensis Andersson Yield, Morphological Characteristics and Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Content

The aim of this research was to determine the impact of composted mushroom substrate and composted municipal waste on the quality and yield of Miscanthus sinensis Andersson biomass. The plant was grown on anthropogenic soil, cultured earth type and hortisol subtype, with a pH of 6.81. Before planting rhizomes, experimental plots were treated with composted mushroom substrate and composted municipal waste, applied separately or in combination, each dose introducing 170 N kg·ha−1 to the soil. During the experiment, observations of plant development and growth were carried out, and the yield was determined. Each growing season’s measurements were taken of the grass height, the number and diameter of stems and the number of leaf blades and of nodes per stem. In order to determine the level of plant stress, relative chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were determined. The measurements were carried out in a non-invasive way, using the SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter and OS30p+ plant stress meter. For the research hypothesis, it was assumed that the one-time addition of composted mushroom substrate and composted municipal waste to the soil would increase yields. The experiment also aimed to assess the impact of both types of compost on the yield and morphological characteristics of Miscanthus sinensis. Its yields increased steadily, and, in the third year of cultivation, were higher by 52%. The highest average yields were noted on plots fertilized only with composted mushroom substrate (KPP100%), with 8.44 Mg·ha−1 DM, and with compost from municipal waste (KOM100%), with 7.91 Mg·ha−1 DM. The experience presents a solution to the problem of increasing amounts of organic waste and represents an improvement in cultivation techniques to increase crop yields, improve their quality and increase resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. This paper highlights the possibility of applying environmentally friendly organic waste materials to energy crops used as a sustainable energy source.

Root endophytic Phialocephala fortinii and Talaromyces verruculosus enhance growth and affect heavy metal tolerance of Miscanthus sinensis Andersson growing naturally at a mine site

ABSTRACT Miscanthus sinensis Andersson naturally grows at mining sites and accumulates heavy metals, suggesting heavy metal tolerance. This study aimed to elucidate the heavy metal tolerance mechanisms of M. sinensis, which naturally grew at a mine site, considering root endophytes. Elemental analysis by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy showed that M. sinensis highly accumulated zinc and lead in adventitious roots and dead root bark, exhibiting tolerance via these elemental removals in dead root bark. Phenolic analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography revealed chlorogenic acid production in adventitious roots. Phialocephala fortinii, which showed the highest appearance, and Talaromyces verruculosus, which produced gluconic acid as a zinc detoxicant, were isolated from adventitious roots of M. sinensis. In inoculation tests, P. fortinii and T. verruculosus significantly enhanced seedling growth by increasing potassium uptake and possibly indole-3-acetic acid production. Our results provide fundamental knowledge for using M. sinensis and root endophytes for revegetation at mining sites.