Indian IT Industry Research Articles

CHALLENGES AND BENEFITS OF WORK-FROM-HOME POLICIES IN THE IT SECTOR: AN INDIAN PERSPECTIVE

The COVID-19 pandemic has catalyzed a widespread shift to remote work, particularly within the IT sector. This study investigates the unique challenges and benefits of work-from-home (WFH) policies in the Indian IT industry. By conducting a mixed-methods research approach, including surveys and interviews with IT professionals and HR managers, we uncover significant insights. The findings reveal that while WFH offers enhanced flexibility, reduced commuting time, and increased job satisfaction, it also presents challenges such as work-life balance disruption, communication barriers, and difficulties in team collaboration. Additionally, the Indian context introduces specific issues like varying internet connectivity and home infrastructure adequacy. The study provides a nuanced understanding of how cultural and socio-economic factors influence the effectiveness of WFH policies. Recommendations for optimizing WFH strategies in the IT sector include investing in digital infrastructure, fostering a supportive remote work culture, and implementing structured communication protocols. This research contributes to the broader discourse on remote work by highlighting the Indian perspective, thereby assisting policymakers and organizations in creating more resilient and inclusive WFH frameworks. KEYWORDS: Remote Work, IT Sector, Work-from-Home, Indian Perspective, Telecommuting Policies.

E-work self-efficacy and innovative behaviour: a moderated mediation analysis

PurposeBased on self-determination theory, the paper examines the employee’s innovative behaviour in a remote-working context. It explores the relationship between e-skill self-efficacy (ESSE) in developing innovative behaviour (IB) to stay up with the rising rate of change through the mediating mechanism of employee resilience (ER) and considering organisational support (OS) as a potential moderator in these relationships.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted empirical research tested on 298 remote workers from the Indian IT and Education industry. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) via Partial Least Squares (PLS) is the statistical methodology used.FindingsThe results identified that ER partially mediates the relationship between ESSE and IB. Further, for the direct effects, it was found that ESSE directly impacts ER and IB. Intriguingly, the moderating role adds depth to our understanding of predicting nuanced conditions under which ESSE and ER influence IB.Originality/valueDue to organisational significance, IB is gaining increasing attention from scholars. There is a dearth of knowledge on how innovative behaviour can be stimulated at the individual level, despite the rising interest of academicians. Hence, this study bridges the gap and intends to analyse the theoretical model linking ESSE and IB mediated by ER and moderated by OS conducive to the future of remote work. Further, the findings add knowledge to the literature on contemporary remote working. It aids in designing, adopting and implementing policies and practices for the organisations that have (or will move) to remote and hybrid work settings.

Emerging Partnerships of SDGs and HRM Practices During the Pandemic: A Study of the Indian IT Industry

Post-pandemic, the world of work has changed, and the pandemic has accelerated the responsible business agenda, representing a huge opportunity for the human-centric approach to HRM to transform the world of work. The drive towards responsible and sustainable business demands a new way of thinking, and the old conventional thinking approach addressing piece-meal solutions is an approach of the past. The human resource management (HRM) practices of multinational corporation (MNC) subsidiaries in India in the IT sector are studied within an institutional theory framework to look at how MNCs operating in India are incorporating the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Applying the tenets of DiMaggio and Powell’s (1983) work, we understand that an MNC subsidiary located in India will be influenced by both potentially contradictory pulls from institutional factors in the local environment and international isomorphic processes. With a qualitative approach and primary data collected via in-depth interviews with 52 HR professionals (including host and subsidiaries) from 8 MNCs, our findings indicate that the subsidiaries based in India are mostly adopting the pattern exhibited by larger organizations in their environment that are viewed as successful (mimetic isomorphism) in implementing the SDGs. There is still a huge scope for improvement in these subsidiaries in terms of investing in people’s capabilities for future sustainable work. The research contributes to the bourgeoning literature on HRM practices and how MNC subsidiaries operate in different contexts and cultural settings in the IT sector.

Epistemic Invisibilization - Dalits’ Experiences of Epistemic Injustices in the Indian IT Industry

Epistemic Invisibilization - Dalits’ Experiences of Epistemic Injustices in the Indian IT Industry

Quitting silently: A longitudinal research on the impact of workplace conflict and nonviolent work behavior

AbstractThis study aimed to explore the moderation effect of nonviolent work behavior on the relationship between workplace conflict and quiet quitting. The study is based on a longitudinal research design and uses AMOS to explore the results. Age and gender were used as control variables. The results suggest that the two dimensions of workplace conflict, that is, relationship and task conflicts, lead to the development of quiet quitting among Indian IT industry employees. The results also indicate that practicing nonviolent work behavior can reduce the development of quiet quitting arising out of workplace conflict. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is one of the first studies that confirm the moderating role of nonviolent work behavior on the relationship between workplace conflict and quiet quitting, especially in India.

Assessing the Efficacy of Utilizing Artificial Intelligence for Human Resources Management in the Indian IT Industry

Assessing the Efficacy of Utilizing Artificial Intelligence for Human Resources Management in the Indian IT Industry

IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON WORKING WOMEN AS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT) PROFESSIONALS IN BENGALURU: A CASE OF REVERSE MIGRATION

International migration has always been a catalyst for development and advancement in any nation. The COVID-19 virus's global proliferation compelled a large-scale return of the migrant population to its nation of origin. Not only have the organized migrant workers been impacted by the disease, but also the unorganized migrant workers. The study's primary subject is the migrant workforce in India's information and communication technology industry. The IT industry in India is thought to be expanding at the quickest rate in the entire world. Due to the implementation of the lockdown, millions of migrant workers in India are anticipated to lose their jobs. This thorough cross-sectional study examined the difficulties experienced by remote workers in Bangalore's information technology sector to better understand the causes of reverse migration among IT professionals. To comprehend the socioeconomic behaviour of IT professionals, the researcher also made an effort to investigate spending and saving patterns before and after the epidemic.

Addressing attrition in the Indian IT industry: Evaluating the efficacy of a motivation and engagement model

This study traces the development of the Indian IT sector from TCS's founding in 1967 to its emergence as a multibillion-dollar sector in 2023. Many IT firms were set up in India after the establishment of the firm TCS with Tier 1 and Tier 2 categories, based on their size, revenue, and other factors., etc. Analyzed are two of the issues of the IT sector: a high attrition rate and low employee engagement. The reasons behind these are identified, and a methodology is created to raise employee satisfaction and lower the attrition rate in the Indian IT industry. News articles in publications including Times of India, Hindustan Times, Deccan Herald, Economic Times, and LiveMint provided information about the Indian IT industry. Google Scholar provided keywords such as "Indian IT Sector," "Employee Motivation," "Employee Engagement," "Job Satisfaction," and "Attrition." For every keyword searched from 1980 to 2022, the top 20 referenced papers were found. A total of 77 publications were reviewed, and their abstracts were examined to determine their applicability to the study question. Additionally, a number of OB and HRM textbooks were searched for information about the keywords. Definitions of motivation, employee engagement, job satisfaction, and attrition rate that are pertinent to the research study are created from a systematic literature analysis, giving these concepts more conceptual clarity. A model that connects attrition rate, job satisfaction, employee engagement, and motivation is built. Theoretical inferences of the model are examined, including the inclusion of individual characteristics, organisational commitment, and turnover intentions. The model's practical implications, such as its application in the business world and in nations with different cultural norms, are examined. Lastly, a discussion of the study's limitations is included, as the model was created using a limited number of variables.

Perception and Preference of it Employees towards Moonlighting in the it Industry

Gig working or moonlighting has grown significantly over the years and Covid has intensified this trend. Moonlighting is a phenomenon where people work outside their working hours for another organization, either full-time, contract, or freelance. Working for more than one organization to combat various issues like boredom, additional finance, etc. is becoming common and the new generation of employees is more inclined towards it. Some people pursue hobbies in their free time, while others look for part-time jobs. Especially in the IT industry, employees work in two jobs at the same time due to the remote working model. The idea of working for two organizations is termed moonlighting. This article covers various aspects and impacts of moonlighting in the Indian IT industry including Pre- and Post-Covid situations to IT firms. A survey questionnaire was the main tool used by the researcher to collect the data. 100 respondents over the age of 20 years and above were chosen randomly from IT sectors. Questions on their perception and preference towards moonlighting such as interest, familiarity, engagement, challenges, and impacts were included in the questionnaire. While a significant percentage of respondents were aware of the term moonlighting and the advantages of taking second jobs. Moreover, the study found that there is a positive impact on the respondents who were involved in moonlighting.

Examining the impact of economic cycles on India’s information technology sector

The link between the Indian IT industry and business cycles is examined in this article. The IT-BPO sector has spearheaded India’s transition from an agricultural to a service economy. The industry has dominated this field by producing around 10% of India’s service industry earnings and developing a special “service-directed” export-oriented business model. In India there has been massive growth in the software industry due to its potential of exports and for hardware, a very promising demand at the domestic front has been indicated, starting in 1991. The main factors influencing the rise in technology adoption in India include the country’s economic growth, the quick development of its technological infrastructure, the fierce competition among Indian businesses, the government’s increased attention, and the introduction of new business models that enable the provision of IT to untapped markets. The study investigates the potential relationship and sensitivity of the IT sector to the cyclical patterns of the Indian economy. If so, what is the degree of correlation between IT companies and Indian business cycles? Whether the movements of IT Industry are procyclical and coincident to the movements of GDP. Data analysis was comprised of stationarity tests, detrending, and log transformation. Comparative charts clearly highlighted a positive relationship, but because of IT exports, the relationship is more complex. Also, it has been found the IT is not a lagging indicator.

Impact of competency skills intervention on employee effectiveness in IT industry in India: intermediary role of change management practices and employee involvement

Impact of competency skills intervention on employee effectiveness in IT industry in India: intermediary role of change management practices and employee involvement

Does Transformational Leadership Influence Employees' Innovativeness and Mediate the Role of Organisational Culture? Empirical Evidence

This research endeavours to analyze the correlation between transformational leadership and innovative performance within the IT industry in India. It aims to explore whether the prevailing organizational culture influences this correlation. The data for this study was obtained through a comprehensive survey conducted in the Indian IT sector. The participants for the survey were employees working in the IT sector in Tamil Nadu state of India. The findings of this study illustrate that transformational leadership has a positive influence on the innovative performance of individuals. Moreover, the relationship between transformational leadership and innovative performance is moderated by the organizational culture, particularly through the mechanisms of idealized influence and inspirational motivation. These findings have the potential to inspire managers in the Indian IT sector to effectively motivate their subordinates. Furthermore, this study contributes to the existing body of research by offering empirical evidence of the relationship between transformational leadership and innovation in the context of the Indian IT industry. Additionally, it emphasizes the significance of the organizational culture. It is worth noting that no previous study has identified organizational culture as a mediating factor in this relationship within the Indian context. In order to develop the model for this study, the researchers have employed the social learning theory and have also provided suggestions and implications for future research endeavours.

Unveiling the silent climate: a validation study of the organisational silence scale in the Indian IT industry

Unveiling the silent climate: a validation study of the organisational silence scale in the Indian IT industry

The Qualitative Research Approach on the 'Influence of Ancient Indian Wisdom Among Indian IT Industry Leaders' Was Strengthened via the Use of Focus Groups

The Qualitative Research Approach on the 'Influence of Ancient Indian Wisdom Among Indian IT Industry Leaders' Was Strengthened via the Use of Focus Groups

The impact of technological innovation on employee performance in Indian IT industry : An empirical study in NCR

The influence of technological innovation on employee performance, especially in India’s National Capital Region (NCR), has not been extensively studied. The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between technical innovation, organizational support, and employee performance in the IT business in the National Capital Region (NCR). A quantitative research methodology is employed to gather survey data from 212 IT personnel in NCR, which is further analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis. The study investigated the role of organizational support as a mediator in the relationship between technological innovation and employee performance. The results suggest that technological innovation has a positive and significant impact on employee performance (β= 0.481, P=0.001). Furthermore, the research reveals that organizational support influences the connection between technological innovation and employee performance (β= 0.247, P=0.001), emphasizing the significance of a supportive work environment in amplifying the beneficial effects of technological innovation on employee performance. This study contributes to the existing body of literature by offering empirical data on the correlation between technological innovation and employee performance in the IT industry in the National Capital Region (NCR). The study’s results have practical ramifications for firms in NCR and comparable urban areas, underscoring the significance of allocating resources towards technology advancement and fostering a conducive work atmosphere to enhance employee productivity. The study also emphasizes the necessity for more investigation in this domain to have a more comprehensive understanding of the influence of technology advancement on employee productivity in various settings and sectors.

THE ETHICAL DILEMMA OF BIG TECH COMPANIES: A CASE STUDY OF MULTIPLE JOB HOLDINGS AND MOONLIGHTING IN INDIAN I.T. COMPANIES

Post Covid-19 situation profoundly impacted how people were engaged with their organization and its quality of work. It impacted the working mode, viz., work from home, flexible hours, and hybrid working for skilled workers and executives. More tech workers in India have started moonlighting despite the disapproval of their employers and managers. The concept of employee loyalty, value system and ethics has undergone changes and they have reassured themselves with the western model of employment where such moonlighting became an acceptable industry norm. An ethical dilemma arises in the mind of the employers when their full-time professionals and employees started moonlighting in the same industry and at the cost of the companies resources and time. It is considered unethical and a case of loss of confidence which may attract penal action. The present study provides a valuable understanding about the concept of moonlighting and multiple job-holding and its changing dimensions in the Indian IT industry.

Voluntary Disclosure of R&D Activities: A Comparative Study of Selected IT and Pharmaceutical Companies in India

This study looks at voluntary R&D disclosure trends in the annual reports of a few Indian IT and pharmaceutical industries. A self-created R&D disclosure index has been created for the study's purposes. Secondary data provide the foundation of this investigation. The chosen IT and pharmaceutical firms' public annual reports were used to get the data. The study examines the extent of voluntary R&D disclosure both at the aggregate level and is based on a disclosure checklist comprising 52 elements of R&D information. Descriptive statistics have been utilised for the comparison of IT and pharmaceutical firms. The outcome demonstrates that, in comparison to IT businesses, pharmaceutical companies have disclosed more R&D information in annual reports in the context of total voluntary R&D disclosure

Low Employability of Graduate Engineers – Ascertaining Role of Industry by leveraging Industry Total Interpretive Structural Modelling.

Abstract—The objective of this study is to conceptualize a Total Interpretive Structural Model (TISM) of factors leading to low employability of graduate engineers, at entry level, in context to Indian IT Industry. The paper focuses on factors emerging due to lack or low participation of IT Industry in overall academic activities contributing to low employability. Authors have developed Total Interpretive Structural Model (TISM) to understand the interplay of industry induced factors, leading to low employability of graduate engineers. Factors considered are limited to the role of IT industry in academia. Qualitative Semi Structured interviews & survey inputs gathered from academic experts including Senior Faculties, Heads of the Departments, Principals and Training and Placement officers from 10 engineering colleges in Maharashtra (India), are considered to arrive at factors highlighting the wanting contribution of IT industry. Total interpretive structural model has been developed for the factors leading to low employability. This model provides a hierarchical structure to the identified factors at four different levels based on their driving power and dependence. The model also portrays factor’s interplay with the help of direct and transitive linkages. Based on the research authors recommend key initiatives at fundamental factors which can have a cascading impact on other dependent factors. This research has implications for IT Industry, academia and academic governing authorities. The study provides an indicative list of strategic factors and the synergistic effect created by their interplay. The relationships amongst these factors are being modeled providing an insight, in terms of cause and effect relationship, prioritizing the areas to be addressed on priority. The proposed model, examining the factors of low employability due to IT industry’s wanting role in academic context is a fresh approach & pioneering one. To the best of authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that analyzes the factors of low employability of graduate engineers using TISM approach, focusing on IT industry and not on academia, as being done historically. Keywords—Total Interpretive Structure Modeling Employability; Factors; IT Industry

A STUDY ON EMPLOYEE ABSENTEESIM AT UNIFY TECHNOLOGIES

In the Indian IT industry, absenteeism is a common occurrence. Both employers and employees need to pay quick attention to this important matter. Absenteeism is a regular pattern of skipping out on a task or commitment. It's erroneous to believe that absenteeism is always the result of indolence or people who aim to avoid work whenever possible. This essay aims to shed light on avariety of absenteeism-related factors, such as personal problems, a poor work environment, occupational diseases, poor production planning (flow of work), poor working and welfare conditions, a shortage of trained laborer’s, job insecurity, the collective bargaining process, a strictcontrol system, a lack of supervisory support, a lack of interest, a lack of a cohesive and cordial culture, etc. The present research is to focus on absenteeism and measures to reduce for successfulgrowth of the company.

Why Do Employees Negotiate Personalised Work Arrangements? Examining the Motives and Outcomes of Idiosyncratic Deals in an Indian IT Industry Context

Idiosyncratic deals (i-deals) are personalised work arrangements negotiated between employees and employers. In most contemporary organisations, i-deals have achieved desirable employee behaviour and positive work-related outcomes. Although recent literature has given increased attention to i-deals, a lack of clarity exists regarding what drives i-deal negotiations and the perceived outcomes of such individualised negotiations in emerging economies like India, which falls in the middle zone of negotiability. Therefore, the study investigates what motivates employees for i-deal negotiations and the outcomes of such i-deals from an employee perspective by following a qualitative methodology. Data for the study were collected through in-depth interviews among 30 IT sector employees in India who successfully negotiated i-deals. Axial coding was used for data coding, resulting in two main themes for the study: motives for i-deal negotiation and outcomes of those negotiations. The study findings show that career advancement and job autonomy are the critical drivers of i-deal negotiations. Besides, the benefits experienced by the employees from such negotiations include reduced work–family conflict, enhanced work engagement and job satisfaction. Theoretical and managerial implications are also discussed.