Verification Issues Research Articles

VERIFICATION OF THE PROPERTIES OF AN INDUSTRIAL ROBOT FOR THE NUCLEAR INDUSTRY

The article deals with the issue of verification of selected geometric characteristics of a special robot intended for the nuclear industry. The design of the robot is specific in that the robot works in both semi-automatic and manual mode. This leads to frequent collisions of some parts of the robot with fragmented equipment. Therefore, it was necessary to ensure the accuracy and repeatability of the robot after its production and during its operation. Verification of the parameters of the robot after one year of operation was carried out in the controlled zone of the nuclear power plant, which was specific due to the presence of ionizing radiation. The methodology, technique and method of verification had to be adapted to this.

AI Predictive Analytics for Verifying Pharmaceutical Authenticity and Combating Drug Counterfeiting

A significant worry in recent years has been the counterfeiting of medicines. The distribution and manufacture of fake or falsified drugs are both criminal and harmful to the public's health. The severity of this issue differs significantly from one country to another, primarily due to variations in the adherence to national regulations and processes. Thus, preventing the sale of fake drugs has become an urgent matter, particularly in poor and developing nations. The study presents a new multi-layered validation structure for pharmaceutical authenticity verification that uses Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and blockchain technology for artificial intelligence predictive analytics. The goal is to tackle the widespread problem of counterfeit drugs. Using GANs to sift through past data, the suggested strategy improves the detection of minor package variations by identifying trends and traits linked to counterfeit drugs. Using the GAN-generated enhanced dataset, a CNN is trained to accurately and specifically categorize drug packaging.Further, the framework uses blockchain technology to provide trustworthy and transparent recordkeeping of drugs in realtime as they move through the supply chain. Increased patient safety directly results from our system's thorough audit trail, which solves the problems of fake medications and regulatory compliance. The suggested approach reduces counterfeit dangers and provides a scalable paradigm for other industries to use when dealing with similar authenticity verification issues, which means it can find more uses in safety-critical fields. The success of the multi-layered validation structure model is evaluated using performance metrics such as accuracy, recall, and F1-score. It achieves a fantastic accuracy rate of over 95%.

Fuzzy Petri Nets for Traffic Node Reliability.

Self-driving cars are one of the main areas of research today, but it has to be acknowledged that the information from the sensors (the perceptron) is a huge amount of data, which is now unmanageable even when projected onto a single traffic junction. In the case of self-driving, the nodes have to be sequenced and organized according to the planned route. A self-driving car in Hungary would have to be able to interpret more than 70,000 traffic junctions to be able to drive all over the country. Besides the huge amount of data, another problem is the issue of validation and verification. For self-driving cars, this implies a level of complexity using traditional methods that calls into question the economics of the already existing system. Fuzzy Petri nets provide an alternative solution to both problems. They allow us to obtain a model that accurately describes the reliability of a node through its dynamics, which is essential in perception since the more reliable a node is, the smaller the deep learning mesh required. In this paper, we outline the analysis of a traffic node's safety using Petri nets and fuzzy analysis to gain information on the reliability of the node, which is essential for the modeling of self-driving cars, due to the deep learning model of perception. The reliability of the dynamics of the node is determined by using the modified fuzzy Petri net procedure. The need for a fuzzy extension of the Petri net was developed by knowledge of real traffic databases.

BDAE: A Blockchain-Based and Decentralized Attribute-Based Encryption Scheme for Secure Data Sharing

Ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption (CP-ABE) is widely employed for secure data sharing and access control. However, its dependence on a single authority introduces security and performance challenges. Despite the existence of multi-authority CP-ABE approaches, persistent issues such as single points of failure and high computation cost on the user side remain. This study proposes a novel solution named blockchain-based and decentralized attribute-based encryption (BDAE) for data sharing. BDAE enhances traditional scheme by integrating blockchain and distributed key generation technology. The scheme employs an (n, t) threshold secret sharing algorithm, coupled with the Pedersen verifiable secret sharing method, for attribute key generation. This combination ensures key credibility, facilitates joint attribute management, and addresses single bottleneck and key verification issues. Integrated into a blockchain system, the scheme utilizes smart contracts for fine-grained access control and outsourced computing. Blockchain's decentralization and access logs make data sharing tamper-resistant and auditable. Moreover, simulation comparisons demonstrate that the scheme effectively reduces decryption overhead on the user side, meeting practical application requirements.

ЕМПІРИЧНА ВЕРИФІКАЦІЯ ВПЛИВУ ІМПЛЕМЕНТАЦІЇ БІОЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ПРИНЦИПІВ НА ПІДВИЩЕННЯ РІВНЯ ЕКОЛОГІЧНОЇ ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНОСТІ ТА СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ

The scientific article is devoted to the relevant issue of empirical verification of the impact of implementing bioeconomic principles on enhancing the level of environmental responsibility and sustainable development of enterprises. The relevance of the study is driven by the urgent need to transform economic models towards sustainability, the growing demand for corporate environmental responsibility, and the lack of empirical data on the effectiveness of bioeconomic approaches. The goal of the research is to empirically verify and quantitatively assess the impact of implementing bioeconomic principles on increasing the level of environmental responsibility and sustainable development of enterprises, as well as to develop an integrated methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of various bioeconomic practices. The methodological toolkit of the study is based on the comprehensive application of a systematic approach, comparative analysis, and multi-criteria assessment. The author operationalizes the key constructs of the research, including bioeconomic principles, environmental responsibility, and the sustainable development of enterprises, which allows for their quantification and empirical verification. The application of a multi-criteria approach to assessing the effectiveness of various bioeconomic practices enabled the consideration of parameters such as the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, resource savings, reduction of toxic environmental impact, economic efficiency, and scalability potential. The results of the study demonstrate the variability in the impact of different bioeconomic practices on the environmental responsibility of enterprises. Specifically, it was found that bioenergy has the highest potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and scalability, enzymatic technologies show the highest economic efficiency, and bioremediation provides the greatest reduction in toxic environmental impact. The author substantiates the need for integrating different bioeconomic practices into a single system to achieve a synergistic effect and significantly improve the overall level of environmental responsibility of enterprises. The practical value of the study lies in the development of a methodological approach to the empirical evaluation of the effectiveness of bioeconomic practices, which can be used by enterprises to optimize their sustainable development strategies. Moreover, the results of the study may serve as a basis for developing public policies and incentives aimed at accelerating the implementation of bioeconomic principles in business practices. The integration of economic, environmental, and social aspects within the research aligns with modern trends towards interdisciplinarity in addressing complex sustainable development issues.

Дискурс Максима Грека «начальствующим правоверно»: вопросы атрибуции текстов

The manuscript heritage of Maximus the Greek was especially popular from the late 16th to the first third of the 17th centuries. New collections of his works compiled in Russia at that time significantly enlarged the whole corpus compared to the lifetime compilations. However, nowadays, scholars encounter the verification issue since the editors of the volumes would attribute the name of the scholarly monk to texts that he did not actually produce. Therefore, the author’s name on the title page of a medieval text cannot be considered an ultimate reference for its attribution. This study aims at establishing the authenticity of two writings preserved only in the written tradition of the 17th–18th centuries: “By Monk Maximus the Greek. An Epistle to Those Ruling Properly on Guiding…” and “By Monk Maximus the Hagiorite. On Truth and Grace.” Their content and narrative style are scrutinized in the context of two treatises of the author’s corpus, Chapters 24 and 25 of the Iosaf’s Collection. The common theme among all four texts is the admonitions directed towards “Those Ruling Properly” and the way in which they are presented. This similarity allows for the identification of a distinct discourse in the writings of Maximos the Hagiorite. The stages of this discourse generation are revealed, with a version regarding the addressee of the “Epistle to Those Ruling Properly on Guiding...” proposed. It is Boyar Vassily Mikhailovich Zakharyin-Yuryev, a voivode, a prominent courtier from Tver, and the cousin of the wife of Ivan IV.

Climate targets, carbon dioxide removal, and the potential role of ocean alkalinity enhancement

Abstract. The Paris Agreement to limit global warming to well below 2 ∘C requires the ambitious reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and the balancing of remaining emissions through carbon sinks (i.e., the deployment of carbon dioxide removal or CDR). While ambitious climate mitigation scenarios until now primarily consider land-based CDR methods, there is growing concern about their potential to deliver sufficient CDR, and marine CDR options are receiving more and more interest. Based on idealized theoretical studies, ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) appears as a promising marine CDR method. However, the knowledge base is insufficient for a robust assessment of its practical feasibility, of its side effects, social and governance aspects, and monitoring and verification issues. A number of research efforts aims to improve this in a timely manner. We provide an overview on the current situation of developing OAE as a marine CDR method and describe the history that has led to the creation of the OAE research best practices guide.

Optimization of the Civil Process and the Results of Conciliation Procedures

The issues of verification by the court for the results of the parties’ conciliation activities are analyzed. The limits of the control activity of the court are determined when it approves the settlement agreement. The nature of reconciliation results is investigated in the context of specific types of conciliation procedures: mediation, negotiations, judicial mediation. As a result of the analysis of doctrine and judicial practice, the author concludes that it is expedient to transfer the authority to certify and legally examine the results of any conciliation procedures to a notary. This proposal is considered in the context of optimizing the civil process and reducing the burden on the judicial system.

Lawful resctriction of the right to freedom of movement: international legal standards and practice of the European court of human rights

The article is devoted to the analysis of currentissues of restriction of the right to freedom of movement. The right to freedom of movement is one of the fundamental human rights in a democratic society and, accordingly, an integral part of the international human rights protection mechanism. At the same time, the right to freedom of movement is not absolute and is accompanied by certain restrictions necessary to ensure the realization of the rights, freedoms and interests of other people, the interests of the state and society. The author analyzed the provisions of international legal acts that enshrine the right to freedom of movement, in particular, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948), the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966), the American Convention on Human Rights (1969), the African Charter on Human and People’s Rights (1981), the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (1965) and Protocol No. 4 to the Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. The guarantees provided for in the above-mentioned acts and permissible cases of restriction of the right to freedom of movement were analyzed, as well as the criteria for compliance with which such a restriction would be considered legitimate were identified: legality; existence of a goal; necessity. The author has researched the approaches of the UN Human Rights Committee and the European Court of Human Rights to the understanding and interpretation of the mentioned criteria. Based on the analysis of the practice of the European Court of Human Rights on issues of verification of the legality of restrictions on the right to freedom of movement, it is substantiated that interference with the right to freedom of movement will be admissible if it is carried out only on the basis of the law, necessary in a democratic society with a legitimate aim (to protect state security , public order, health or morality of the population or the rights and freedoms of other persons, etc.), the interpretation of each of these requirements by the European Court of Human Rights is given, conclusions are drawn regarding the need to take them into account in national law-making and law-enforcement practice.

О понятии и видах оправдательных обстоятельств

Abstract: Introduction. The article describes the issues of the concept, content of exculpatory circumstances in the investigation of crimes. Justifying circumstances are important in the system of establishing the event of a crime and proving the guilt of a particular person. Verification of the named circumstances is obligatory, no matter by whom they are stated. The forensic issues of verification of exculpatory circumstances have been given sufficient attention in science. However, at present it is necessary to carry out a detailed study of not only the circumstances specified in Chapter 8 of the Criminal Code of the RF, but also a number of other exculpatory data.
 Methods and results. In the process of research the authors used statistical and formal-legal methods. The analysis of exculpatory circumstances was conducted from the perspective of the structure of investigation and resistance to investigation, the mandatory verification of exculpatory circumstances, which is an important element of proving both the event of the crime and the guilt of a particular person. The article considers the types of exculpatory circumstances. The methods of verification of alibi, impossibility of committing a crime by a particular person due to illness, lack of physical data necessary for the commission of a crime. The methods of verification of the specified exculpatory circumstances are considered. The importance of verification of information on exculpatory circumstances for completeness and objectivity of investigation is shown.

여자 축구선수들의 특별한 의학적 문제들과 고려 사항

Football is a sports that the most attention and love from many countries and people regardless of gender around the world. Recently, FIFA (Fédération internationale de football association) has been actively helping female football players around the world with economic and technical support. In addition, FIFA has been making great efforts to revitalize the women's league. In this article, the medical issues that should be considered and examined by team doctors and medical teams and what problems should be particularly concerned in female football players will be divided into three categories to be gone through: sports injury, RED-s(relative energy deficiency in sports) and gender verification. First of all, it is known that the overall percentage of injury for female football players is lower than that of male players, however the rate of serious damage is higher in female football players due to the more frequent the knee anterior cruciate ligament injury and traumatic brain injury. It is important to know that RED-s starts with low energy availability as it progresses it can be a serious problem that deteriorates the health and performance of individual athletes. The issue of gender verification is needed to determine whether this player can participate in the women's competition, and it should be check whether this violates the spirit of fair play.

Three Principles of Intellectualization of Automated Systems

Three Principles of Intellectualization of Automated Systems

Other information in the audit: Verification issues

Subject. This article discusses the issues related to the identification of possible and actual material inconsistencies (distortions) between other information reflected in the annual report of the audited entity and its accounting (financial) statements. Objectives. The article aims to present the author-developed interpretation of this identification. Methods. For the study, I used systems, and functional and structural analyses, as well as special audit procedures. Results. Based on the analysis of the main problems of identifying possible and actual material inconsistencies (distortions) between other information reflected in the annual report of the audited entity and its accounting (financial) statements, the article proposes ways to solve them. Conclusions. International Standard on Auditing (ISA) 720 regulates the need to consider other information during the audit, but the issue of its practical implementation is still poorly worked out.

Ocean dynamics and biological feedbacks limit the potential of macroalgae carbon dioxide removal

In combination with drastic emission reduction cuts, limiting global warming below 1.5 °C or 2 °C requires atmospheric carbon dioxide removal (CDR) of up to 16 GtCO2 yr−1 by 2050. Among CDR solutions, ocean afforestation through macroalgae cultivation is considered promising due to high rates of productivity and environmental co-benefits. We modify a high-resolution ocean biogeochemical model to simulate the consumption of dissolved inorganic carbon and macronutrients by idealised macroalgal cultivation in Exclusive Economic Zones. Under imposed macroalgal production of 0.5 PgC yr−1 with no nutrient feedbacks, physicochemical processes are found to limit the enhancement in the ocean carbon sink to 0.39 PgC yr−1 (1.43 GtCO2 yr−1), corresponding to CDR efficiency of 79%. Only 0.22 PgC yr−1 (56%) of this air–sea carbon flux occurs in the regions of macroalgae cultivation, posing potential issues for measurement, reporting, and verification. When additional macronutrient limitations and feedbacks are simulated, the realised macroalgal production rate drops to 0.37 PgC yr−1 and the enhancement in the air–sea carbon flux to 0.21 PgC yr−1 (0.79 GtCO yr−1), or 58% of the macroalgal net production. This decrease in CDR efficiency is a consequence of a deepening in the optimum depth of macroalgal production and a reduction in phytoplankton production due to reduced nitrate and phosphate availability. At regional scales, the decrease of phytoplankton productivity can even cause a net reduction in the oceanic carbon sink. Although additional modelling efforts are required, Eastern boundary upwelling systems and regions of the Northeast Pacific and the Southern Ocean are revealed as potentially promising locations for efficient macroalgae-based CDR. Despite the CDR potential of ocean afforestation, our simulations indicate potential negative impacts on marine food webs with reductions in phytoplankton primary production of up to −40 gC m−2 yr−1 in the eastern tropical Pacific.

How to Make Analytic Science-Engaged Theology an ASSET

This paper explores the relationship between analytic theology and science-engaged theology through a historical lens, connecting contemporary disagreements between analytic metaphysicians and philosophers of science to a disagreement about philosophical method between Carnap and Quine. After discussing philosophical issues of meaning and verification in early positivism, the paper goes on to suggest that the analytic-synthetic distinction underlying much work in analytic theology is difficult to maintain when engaging with empirical methods of knowledge production such as science. To move forward, then, analytic theologians who wish to pursue science-engaged theology need a constructive methodology that embraces a blurring of the analytic-synthetic distinction. A rough sketch of one such research program, analytic-synthetic science-engaged theology, is offered as a potential ASSET for systematic theologians who wish to engage with natural and human sciences.

Las redes sociales como vehículo del periodismo científico: 'Scoping Review'

La pandemia por COVID-19 ha puesto de manifiesto la importancia del periodismo científico y el rol que desempeña a la hora de transmitir una información rigurosa, contrastada y de calidad a la sociedad. En este contexto, tanto a nivel profesional como académico, se pone el foco en la disciplina y, de forma creciente, en el papel de las redes sociales como vehículo para potenciar los contenidos de divulgación científica. El presente trabajo analiza, por medio de la técnica de scoping review, los artículos publicados sobre periodismo científico y redes sociales en el último lustro (2017 y 2021) con objeto de identificar tópicos y tendencias de investigación, preocupaciones y desafíos. El estudio revela la influencia que las redes sociales están teniendo en el periodismo científico actual, destacando su rol como canal de difusión e interacción con las audiencias y engagement con nuevos públicos. Se advierte, además, del reto que supone para los profesionales mejorar su desempeño para lograr una comunicación efectiva a través de los nuevos canales y generar contenidos cada vez más visuales e interactivos.

ПРОВЕРКА СВЕДЕНИЙ О КОНТРАГЕНТАХ КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ ВНУТРЕННЕГО КОНТРОЛЯ ДОГОВОРНЫХ ОТНОШЕНИЙ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ

The article about issues of the counterparty information verification as a tool for internal control of organizations. The authors consider the basic techniques and algorithms, which are currently used to verify the reliability of a potential counterparty, to evaluate the effectiveness of these techniques, offering alternative methodologies for verification. Moreover, they consider the salient points in the implementation of checks on the counterparty, since today there are some features to which the authors pay special attention. In the article they also reflect some of the legal gaps that occur during inspections of internal control and propose solutions to solve them, in order to ensure not only the economic security of each individual organization, but also the state as a whole.

Meta-Generalization for Domain-Invariant Speaker Verification

Automatic speaker verification (ASV) exhibits unsatisfactory performance under domain mismatch conditions owing to intrinsic and extrinsic factors, such as variations in speaking styles and recording devices encountered in real-world applications. To ensure robust performance under unseen conditions, domain generalization has been explored. However, an inherent contradiction exists between model discrimination and domain generalization, in which the discrimination ability may be reduced while learning to generalize. In this paper, to extract discriminative yet domain-invariant representations, we propose the meta-generalized speaker verification (MGSV) via meta-learning. Specifically, we propose a metric-based distribution optimization and a gradient-based meta-optimization to simultaneously supervise the spatial relationship between embeddings and improve the generalization ability of the model on unseen domains. In addition, we design multiple-single (MS) and simulated speaker verification (SSV) sampling strategies based on single-domain (SD) and single-single (SS) strategies to simulate the train/test domain mismatch more relevantly, thereby mining transferable speaker-related knowledge. SSV is chosen as the most effective method, as it substantially improves the domain generalization by ensuring that the model has learned to discriminate efficiently. Additionally, to intuitively reflect the model performance on the unseen domains, the proposed method is validated on cross-genre, cross-device, and cross-dataset tasks. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method achieves remarkable performance in handling domain mismatch issues in speaker verification.

Workplace Wellness, Mental Health Literacy, and Usage Intention of E-Mental Health amongst Digital Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic

The prevalence of mental health problems in both Malaysian and global workplaces has significantly increased due to the presence of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, globalization, technology advancement in Industry 4.0, and other contributing factors. The pervasiveness of the issue poses a huge challenge to improving the occupational safety and health (OSH) of workers in various industries, especially in the digital industry. The emergence of the innovative industry is evident mainly due to the rapid development of Industry 4.0 and the relevant demands of multiple businesses in the digital transformation. Nonetheless, limited studies and academic discussions were conducted on the OSH topic of digital employees. Hence, the current study serves to fill the existing gap and provide academic contributions by scrutinising the perceptions of digital workers regarding their workplace well-being, mental health literacy, and the impression of employing e-mental health. The objectives of this study are: 1) To examine the mental health literacy and workplace wellness of digital workers, 2) to explore the emental health usage intention and actual e-mental health utilization, and 3) to identify digital workers’ feedback on e-mental health. In the current context, e-mental health focuses on three dimensions, namely, 1) “health in our hand (HIOH)”, 2) “interacting for health (IFH)”, and 3) “data enabling health (DEH)”. The present study employed an online cross-sectional survey and received 326 digital workers’ completed responses. Variables, such as “mental health literacy (MHL)”, “workplace wellness (WW)”, and e-mental health intention and usage were explicated by analysing the data through descriptive statistics. The study results indicated a moderate to a high level of the MHL and the WW. More than half of the workers possessed a high intention level to employ e-mental health, with the HIOH dimension being the most prevalent domain. Nevertheless, the actual e-mental health usage was very low, owing to the online resources being a new concept amongst digital employees. Numerous confounding factors also existed in affecting the low usage, such as privacy concerns, data security levels, and health verification issues. In addition, the mental health issue has not been openly and widely discussed in Malaysian workplaces due to stigmatisation. As such, the current findings could provide additional insights into the OSH literature; it could serve as a guideline for the OSH decision-makers, employers, and eHealth developers when establishing a feasible framework for the practical adoption of e-mental health services by digital workers.

SUSTAINABLE TERRITORIAL AND SPATIAL PLANNING IN THE CONTEXT OF THE RECOVERY OF UKRAINE - DEFINITIONS, PRINCIPLES, CRITERIA AND TASKS

The article is devoted to the issue of verification of the conceptual and categorical base of sustainable territorial and spatial planning in Ukraine in accordance with the European practice of long-term, systemic and perspective planning of the living space of society. The justified inevitability of the final integration of Ukraine into the Euro-Atlantic space after the repulsion of Russian aggression and the objective necessity of transition to European standards. The main problems of spatial development in Ukraine and directions for improvement of national territorial planning, formed on the eve of Russian aggression in February 2022, are listed. The formulated problem of the uncertainty of the conceptual and categorical apparatus of spatial planning in Ukraine, which consists in the fact that the concepts of «territorial planning», «territory planning», «regional planning», «district planning», «city planning», etc. are often intertwined, duplicate or replace one another one that is not quite correct. In some cases, they are used as synonyms, in others, on the contrary, in incompatible meanings that cannot be combined into a single system. There is a well-founded need to develop theoretical-methodological and methodical principles of territory planning, which requires, first of all, certain conceptual-terminological and conceptual certainty. The condition for its achievement is the balanced consideration, on the one hand, of not only European standards, but also European experience in the field of spatial planning, and on the other, general and regional spatial specifics of Ukraine. The main principles of long-term territorial and spatial planning developed in European practice are defined. The proposed concepts and terms are fixed in the official documents of the European Union and reflect the current aspects of sustainable spatial planning. Particular attention is paid to the parameters of sustainable spatial planning, which should be guided by the planning of the living space of a European-style society. The fundamental goals of sustainable spatial planning are given, which include: balanced socio-economic development of regions; improving the quality of life; responsible management of natural resources and environmental protection; rational land use. The conclusions substantiate the possibility of transforming the destructive consequences of Russian aggression into the possibility of comprehensive modernization of Ukraine's living space based on European principles of sustainable spatial planning, which, in turn, will facilitate and accelerate Ukraine's integration into the European Community.