Nutritional Issues Research Articles

The Knowledge and Skills of Nutritional Menu Preparation Among Toddler Mother

Background: In Indonesia, the proportion of toddlers having nutritional issues in 2018 was 17.7%. In contrast, in Central Java, malnutrition among toddlers was 1.1% frequent, and inadequate nutrition among toddlers was 5.0% in 2020. According to the Banyumas District Health Office report, there were 6,638 people who needed to improve their diet immediately. In the working area of Kalibagor Public Health Care Center, 69 toddlers had low nutrition and 12 had malnutrition. Objective: The purpose of this research is to find out the nutrient knowledge and skill of toddlers’ mothers before and after the training of toddlers’ nutritional menu processing in the working area of Kalibagor Public Health Care Center, Banyumas District. Method: The method of this research was pre-experimental design with one group pre-test and post-test design. The samples included 45 mothers who were selected using the Slovin formula, and the population included 81 mothers whose children had low malnutrition. Results: The mothers' knowledge and competence level in planning and digesting their toddlers' diets were the variables that were measured. It indicated that the degree of ability and knowledge had a significant effect (p=0.000). Conclusion: Thus, it can be concluded that providing training on toddler nutrition has a favorable impact on a mother's skills. The next researcher is expected to explore social and cultural elements in order to improve respondents' knowledge and skills.

Factors Affecting Fat and Fibre Consumption of Ghanaian Pregnant Women: Findings from a Hospital-based Study

Dietary behaviours are key modifiable factors that can significantly affect pregnancy outcome. An understanding of these behaviours, including their variability according to socio-economic status and cultural diversities, could guide the development of effective nutritional policies and programmes for pregnant women in Ghana amidst the growing burden of non-communicable disease (NCDs). This hospital-based study assessed pregnant women’s fat and fiber consumption and factors affecting this behaviour. The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design and quantitative approach. Two hundred (200) pregnant women were recruited from the antenatal care (ANC) unit of the Presbyterian Hospital in Dormaa Ahenkro, Ghana, using convenience sampling technique. The Fat and Fibre Behaviour Questionnaire (FFBQ) was used to collect data for the study. The instrument was interviewer-administered. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 was used to analyze the data. Overall, fat, fibre, and total index were 2.65 (± 0.49), 2.82 (± 0.78), and 2.71 (± 0.38), respectively. Factors significantly affecting fibre index were age (H(4) = 28.21, p < .001), educational status (H(4) = 28.30, p = .001), marital status (H(2) = 13.49, p = .001), ethnicity (H(3) = 23.92, p < .01), and community of residence (U(Nurban = 61, Nrural = 139) = 5097.00, p = .022). Only educational status (H(4) = 10.17, p = .038) and ethnicity (H(3) = 24.77, p = .001) significantly affected fat index. The findings highlight the need to scale-up public health programmes and research in Dormaa Central Municipality, particularly on maternal nutrition and related issues.

Effects of Rhizobacteria on Plant Growth and Fruit Quality of Blackberry in Alkaline Soil

This study was conducted at Selçuk University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Research and Application Orchard. In the study, the effects of different bacterial strains on yield, fruit quality, plant growth, and nutrition issues in Jumbo and Chester blackberry varieties in calcareous soil conditions were determined. As a result of the measurements and analyzes, it was determined that bacterial applications are effective on plant growth, yield, and fruit quality criteria. Shoot length values were found longer in the Chester variety, while the Jumbo variety had higher values in the number of shoots per plant. There was no statistically significant difference in terms of yield per decare of varieties. When the efficiency is examined in terms of applications, 637Ca application in Chester variety and 637Ca + SY 55 application in Jumbo variety have the highest efficiency values. With the data obtained, it was determined that bacterial applications made positive contributions to blackberry plants grown in calcareous soil conditions.This study was conducted at Selçuk University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Research and Application Orchard. In the study, the effects of different bacterial strains on yield, fruit quality, plant growth, and nutrition issues in Jumbo and Chester blackberry varieties in calcareous soil conditions were determined. As a result of the measurements and analyzes, it was determined that bacterial applications are effective on plant growth, yield, and fruit quality criteria. Shoot length values were found longer in the Chester variety, while the Jumbo variety had higher values in the number of shoots per plant. There was no statistically significant difference in terms of yield per decare of varieties. When the efficiency is examined in terms of applications, 637Ca application in Chester variety and 637Ca + SY 55 application in Jumbo variety have the highest efficiency values. With the data obtained, it was determined that bacterial applications made positive contributions to blackberry plants grown in calcareous soil conditions.

Diet Quality, Nutritional Adequacy and Anthropometric Status among Indigenous Women of Reproductive Age Group (15-49 Years) in India: A Narrative Review.

In India, indigenous communities are nutritionally vulnerable, with indigenous women suffering the greater burden. Studies and surveys have reported poor nutritional outcomes among indigenous women in India, yet systematic documentation of community-specific nutrition data is lacking. We conducted a narrative review of 42 studies to summarise the nutritional profile of indigenous women of India, with details on their food and nutrient intakes, dietary diversity, traditional food consumption and anthropometric status. Percentage deficits were observed in intake of pulses, green leafy vegetables, fruits, vegetables, flesh foods and dairy products when compared with recommended dietary intakes for moderately active Indian women. Indices of diet quality in indigenous women were documented in limited studies, which revealed poor dietary diversity as well as low consumption of diverse traditional foods. A high risk of nutritional inadequacy was reported in all communities, especially for iron, calcium, and vitamin A. Prevalence of chronic energy deficiency was high in most communities, with dual burden of malnutrition in indigenous women of north-eastern region. Findings from this review can thus help guide future research and provide valuable insights for policymakers and program implementers on potential interventions for addressing specific nutritional issues among indigenous women of India.

PERCEPTIONS OF OLDER ADULTS AND CAREGIVERS OF AN AUTOMATED ROBOT TO FACILITATE AGING IN PLACE

Abstract This study explored the perceptions of forty older adults 55+ and caregivers of the usefulness of the Labrador Retriever (https://labradorsystems.com/) in facilitating aging in place. Participants consisted of older adults who are enrolled in a PACE program or reside at The Village of Oakland Woods in southeastern Michigan as well as providers and board members of organizations that provide support to these older adults. Participants viewed an in-person demonstration of the Labrador Retriever before verbally completing a thirteen question survey with answers input by research team members. The questions were a combination of multiple choice questions such as ”Having seen the Labrador demonstration, do you think the Labrador Retriever System could help you in your setting?” followed by open ended questions such as “Having seen the Labrador Retriever, how might this system help you in your setting?”. A total of 9 qualitative themes related to the potential uses of the Labrador Retriever System were identified as: Medications, Aging in Place, Safety and Fall Prevention, Carrying Items (i.e. laundry, food, cleaning supplies), Hydration, Independence, Reducing Caregiver Burden, Nutrition, and Cognitive Issues. These themes are consistent with the barriers to aging in place identified in the literature.

Nutrition, Food and Diet in Health and Longevity: We Eat What We Are.

Nutrition generally refers to the macro- and micro-nutrients essential for survival, but we do not simply eat nutrition. Instead, we eat animal- and plant-based foods without always being conscious of its nutritional value. Furthermore, various cultural factors influence and shape our taste, preferences, taboos and practices towards preparing and consuming food as a meal and diet. Biogerontological understanding of ageing has identified food as one of the three foundational pillars of health and survival. Here we address the issues of nutrition, food and diet by analyzing the biological importance of macro- and micro-nutrients including hormetins, discussing the health claims for various types of food, and by reviewing the general principles of healthy dietary patterns, including meal timing, caloric restriction, and intermittent fasting. We also present our views about the need for refining our approaches and strategies for future research on nutrition, food and diet by incorporating the molecular, physiological, cultural and personal aspects of this crucial pillar of health, healthy ageing and longevity.

Nutrition issues in the general medical ward patient: From general screening to specific diagnosis and individualized treatment.

Disease-related malnutrition in patients in the general medical ward remains a complex syndrome, which contributes to high morbidity and mortality, and seriously interferes with recovery from acute illness. Recently, there have been important advances in the development of consensus diagnostic criteria for malnutrition, and through the recent completion of large-scale trials, the understanding of pathophysiological pathways and evidence-based treatment algorithms to provide nutrition care to patients at risk for malnutrition in the hospital setting has advanced. There is need to identify more specific clinical parameters and blood biomarkers, which allow a more personalized approach to the malnourished patients, because not all patients show the same response to nutrition interventions. Recent studies have suggested that some nutrition biomarkers of inflammation, kidney function and muscle health, among others, predict treatment response to nutrition interventions and may help to personalize treatments. In addition to advancing the science, there is need for more education of students and treating teams in the hospital to improve the screening of patients at hospital admission regarding nutrition risk with the start of individualized nutrition support interventions, thereby bringing optimal nutrition care to the bedside.

Management of nutritional and gastrointestinal issues in RASopathies: A narrative review

Noonan, Costello, and cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome are neurodevelopmental disorders belonging to the RASopathies, a group of syndromes caused by alterations in the RAS/MAPK pathway. They are characterized by similar clinical features, among which feeding difficulties, growth delay, and gastro-intestinal disorders are frequent, causing pain and discomfort in patients. Hereby, we describe the main nutritional and gastrointestinal issues reported in individuals with RASopathies, specifically in Noonan syndrome, Noonan syndrome-related disorders, Costello, and cardio-facio-cutaneous syndromes. Fifty percent of children with Noonan syndrome may experience feeding difficulties that usually have a spontaneous resolution by the second year of life, especially associated to genes different than PTPN11 and SOS1. More severe manifestations often require artificial enteral nutrition in infancy are observed in Costello syndrome, mostly associated to c.34G>A substitution in the HRAS gene. In cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome feeding issues are usually present (90-100% of cases), especially in individuals carrying variants in BRAF, MAP2K1, and MAP2K2 genes, and artificial enteral intervention, even after scholar age, may be required. Moreover, disorders associated with gastrointestinal dysmotility as gastro-esophageal reflux and constipation are commonly reported in all the above-mentioned syndromes. Given the impact on growth and on the quality of life of these patients, early evaluation and prompt personalized management plans are fundamental.

Epidemiology of opioid use in pregnancy.

The world has been experiencing an opioid epidemic for over 20 years, and rates of use and overdose among women, including during pregnancy, have risen markedly. Women receive more prescriptions for opioids compared to men. Data suggest that 20% of women filled at least one prescription for an opioid during their pregnancy, and the prevalence of prenatal exposure averaged 14%. Opioid use by women, especially during pregnancy and while breastfeeding, and management and treatment is complex for healthcare providers, especially related to methadone treatment, pain management during labour, neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome, nutritional issues and maternal withdrawal. Opioid use during pregnancy has been associated with maternal, foetal and infant complications, and overdose has become a leading cause of death in post-partum women in some countries. Universal screening for opioid use disorder (OUD) is recommended in pregnancy, and prevention and treatment programs that meet the specific needs of women are important to understand and consider as the world continues to try to anticipate and respond to the realities of the opioid epidemic.

PCR269 People and Families Affected by Gsdia: An Analysis of Narrative Accounts Written by Caregivers and Individuals Living With GSDIa

Glycogen Storage Disease Type Ia (GSDIa) is a rare, inherited disorder that can lead to renal and hepatic complications, brain damage, and death. Dietary management based on frequent cornstarch consumption can cause gastrointestinal and nutritional issues, sleep disruption, and psychosocial problems. This study was designed to describe the individual experiences of those affected by GSDIa through qualitative methods by asking patients and caregivers to provide written summaries of how the condition affects them.

Assessment of sodium chloride tolerance and antibiotic resistance of Citrobacter braakii EC-PS1 and Macrococcus caseolyticus Li-PT1 isolated from artisanal cheeses

Abstract The different varieties of cheese are fermented dairy products with high nutritional value, which have been part of the healthy human diet for centuries. Cheeses are characterized by complex and diverse microbiota carrying beneficial, spoilage, or foodborne pathogen bacteria. Harmful bacteria originate from the production chain. Identification and characterization of microorganisms in cheese are important nutritional, food safety, and technological issues. During this study, Citrobacter braakii EC-PS1 and Macrococcus caseolyticus Li-PT1 bacteria strains, isolated on selective mediums from two artisanal cheeses, were identified by way of 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. Their antibiotic resistance and NaCl stress tolerance were also determined M. caseolyticus Li-PT1 showed tolerance to 6.5% and 10% NaCl. The increasing NaCl concentration above 15% contributed to the decrease of viability in bacteria. The increasing NaCl concentration to 10% contributed to the decrease of viability in C. braakii EC-PS1 bacteria. The identified bacterial species exhibited different levels of resistance to the tested antibiotics C. braakii EC-PS1 showed resistance to chloramphenicol, ampicillin, and streptomycin, whereas M. caseolyticus Li-PT1 was susceptible only to two antibiotics (erythromycin, tetracycline) out of the eight tested.

Медико-социальные проблемы оптимизации питания детей и подростков в современных условиях

The article reviews publications devoted to the issue of optimization of nutrition of children and adolescents including school nutrition, various ways of formation of eating habits, succession of home and school nutrition, nutrition of children with alimentary-dependent diseases and children who go in for sports, quality of raw materials and products for school nutrition, and nutrition using new products. The information was searched for with eLIBRARY.RU, PUBMED, Web of Science and Scopus information portals and platforms from 2007 to 2021. Publications related to the issue were assessed while studying at school and during distance learning. Modern issues of nutrition of schoolchildren such as disturbances of alimentary behavior and underdeveloped skills of nutritional culture, dietary habits of schoolchildren with alimentary-dependent diseases and approaches to nutrition optimization at educational institutions are highlighted. The ways of prevention of alimentary-dependent diseases are estimated by way of inclusion of functional products into the diet of schoolchildren. Principal methodical and regulatory documents that can help reduce risks of alimentary-dependent diseases are mentioned. Pressing trends of researches regarding the reviewed topic were suggested to preserve health of schoolchildren as far as healthy nutrition goes.

Nutritionally adequate and environmentally respectful diets are possible for different diet groups: an optimized study from the NutriNet-Santé cohort

Research has shown that vegetarian diets have a low environmental impact, but few studies have examined the environmental impacts and nutritional adequacy of these diets together, even though vegetarian diets can lead to nutritional issues. Our objective was to optimize and compare 6 types of diets with varying degrees of plant foods (lacto-, ovolacto-, and pescovegetarian diets and diets with low, medium, and high meat content) under nutritional constraints. Consumption data in 30,000 participants were derived from the French NutriNet-Santé cohort using an FFQ. Diets were optimized by a nonlinear algorithm minimizing the diet deviation while meeting multiple constraints at both the individual and population levels: nonincrease of the cost and environmental impacts (as partial ReCiPe accounting for greenhouse gas emissions, cumulative energy demand, and land occupation, distinguishing production methods: organic and conventional), under epidemiologic, nutritional (based on nutrient reference values), and acceptability (according to the diet type) constraints. Optimized diets were successfully identified for each diet type, except that it was impossible to meet the EPA (20:5n-3) + DHA (22:6n-3) requirements in lacto- and ovolactovegetarians. In all cases, meat consumption was redistributed or reduced and the consumption of legumes (including soy-based products), whole grains, and vegetables were increased, whereas some food groups, such as potatoes, fruit juices, and alcoholic beverages, were entirely removed from the diets. The lower environmental impacts (as well as individual indicators) observed for vegetarians could be attained even when nutritional references were reached except for long-chain n-3 (omega-3) fatty acids. A low-meat diet could be considered as a target for the general population in the context of sustainable transitions, although all diets tested can be overall nutritionally adequate (except for n-3 fatty acids) when planned appropriately.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03335644.

Analysis of Government Policy in Reducing Stunting Rate at Aceh Jaya, Indonesia

Today, the issue of nutrition has become the primary challenge faced by many countries due to the increase in individuals experiencing malnutrition (undernourished) in the past three years, including Indonesia. In Indonesia, one district, namely Aceh Jaya, has a high stunting percentage of 35.7 percent. The importance of political commitment and policies that support stunting alleviation underlies this research. The general objective of the current study is to analyse government policies' suitability for stunting reduction and prevention in Aceh Jaya District. The research uses a qualitative descriptive method through content analysis of information contained in national and regional policy documents related to stunting reduction and prevention efforts. Quantitative analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between program coverage and stunting prevalence in Aceh Jaya District. Aceh Jaya District's policies follow national policies; however, several improvements are needed, including a) determination of strategic issues, policy directions, and strategies in development planning; b) setting program targets, and c) implementation of several sensitive and specific nutrition interventions that have not yet been implemented. This study concludes that the government's commitment to stunting reduction efforts has increased after declaring its participation in The SUN Movement. Stunting policy shows the coherence between policies to increase access to cross-sectoral coordination as indicated by efforts to deal with stunting. Acceleration of stunting reduction to converge programs consisting of specific and sensitive nutrition interventions. Aceh Jaya Regency's commitment to reducing stunting has increased and it already has programs and activities related to sensitive and specific nutrition interventions. It has formed a stunting consultation task force.

The Role of Mothers Knowledge Regarding Nutritional Needs of Toddlers Nutritional Status

The issue of nutrition is set as an essential point in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). One of the SDGs targets related to nutrition is that by 2030 all forms of malnutrition in children under five must end. The incidence of malnutrition in children under five is strongly influenced by the knowledge of parents. Knowledge of nutrition is an essential provision for mothers to provide balanced nutrition for their toddlers. The purpose of the study was to prove the role of mother's knowledge regarding nutritional needs on nutritional status of children under five in Sukomulyo Village. The research design is correlational analytic approach cross sectional Data was collected on 74 mothers who have toddlers using stratified random sampling technique. The results of the study showed that the mother's knowledge about nutritional needs was mostly (50%) sufficient. Most of the nutritional status of children under five (66.2%) is good.test Spearman rank obtained the rs value of 0.405 and the p value (sig.) = 0.000 < 0.05. Researchers suggest the need for mothers of toddlers to further increase their knowledge about the nutritional needs of toddlers, so that the nutritional status of toddlers can be improved even more and can prevent malnutrition.

Sistem Prediksi Risiko Stunting Menggunakan Bayesian Network Berbasis GIS

Stunting is one of the nutritional issues faced in the world. Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem caused by food intake that does not suit nutritional needs. Indonesia has a high commitment to stunting prevention efforts so that Indonesian children can grow and develop optimally and innovate and compete at the global level. The effort was demonstrated through the National Strategy of accelerating Stunting Prevention, known as Stranas Stunting, implemented in 2018 – 2024. The system was developed to be able to identify stunting supporting factors so that it can provide accurate information. And the system also displays data in the form of maps, to make it easier to perform analysis in a room. Spatial data is displayed using GIS (Geographic Information System). The study's result was that 75% of children grew up normally, while the other 25% predicted to suffer from stunting. The dominant factor affecting stunting is 57% of children with short anthropometry, 51% of children who do not get exclusive breast milk, 66% of mothers' knowledge of nutrition is not good, 69% of foster care patterns by mothers themselves, 80% of pregnant women with a diet less than three times, 99% of pregnant women not infected with the disease, and 54% of pregnant women with anthropometry less than mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC).

TINGKAT KONSUMSI ZAT GIZI DAN STATUS GIZI BERDASARKAN PERSEPSI CITRA TUBUH SISWI DI SMA NEGERI 8 DENPASAR

Malnutrition and overnutrition are two nutritional issues that Indonesia is now dealing with. Underweight is a common nutritional issue in adolescence. Based on the perceptions of students at SMA Negeri 8 Denpasar towards their bodies, this study seeks to compare the differences between the amount of nutrients consumed and nutritional status. This kind of study uses cross-sectional research design and observational methods. All of the second graders at SMA Negeri 8 Denpasar make up the population, and simple random sampling was used to choose the sample. collecting data for study utilizing primary and secondary sources. Weighing, measuring, and conducting in-person interviews with respondents provided the primary data. Univariate and bivariate analysis with the Mann-Whitney statistical test were the methods used for data analysis in the SPSS software. The findings revealed that out of 97 samples, 52.6% had a negative perspective of their bodies, 77.3% consumed less energy, 69.1% consumed less protein, and 49.5% had nutritional statuses indicative of undernutrition. The study's finding (p=0.002) suggests that there is a correlation between energy usage and perceived body image. The amount of protein consumed and the opinion of one's body image varied (p=0.022). Nutritional state and self-perception of one's physique differ (p=0.002).

Is Aquaculture a Success? Evidence from Africa

Globally, human population growth worldwide is something that cannot be controlled, and so there is a need to sustain the needs of a growing population. In Africa, for instance, population projections are made yearly, not even once stagnation is seen. Feeding and nutrition issues, hunger eradication have become a problem with the continuing growth of the population, which in turn is putting a lot of pressure on available resources like capturing fisheries from the lakes, oceans, and rivers, leaving them void. Aquaculture has then proven useful in supplementing the dwindling catch fisheries stocks, which have become incapable of supporting the growing population. Since its introduction in Africa, however, changes have been seen as it has contributed to food security and malnutrition and improved livelihoods by creating jobs and generating income. Currently, diversified products come from aquaculture practices both in inland and freshwaters, ponds, and intensification of aquaculture farming methods, which all put together boost the production to a higher level. Genetics has also been employed to ensure seeds produced for aquaculture are worth being cultured for production. A lot of fisher folks are benefiting both directly and indirectly making a living. Although the contribution of aquaculture is small, sometimes termed insignificant, its growth is steady and it has a promising future as far as its goals (increased protein food production and improved livelihoods of fisher communities) are concerned

Tinjauan Naratif: Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan status gizi anak balita

Nutritional-related problems can severely impact the growth and development of children under five. It can trigger low IQ and delays in motor and skill development. Therefore, a good understanding of the factors related to children's nutrition will lead to the successful prevention of malnutrition in children under five. This research aims to analyze and synthesize data on factors related to the nutritional status of children under five. This study used a narrative review method. The literature in English was searched using the indexed databases of Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed. There were 9.129 scientific journals, and only 13 met the inclusion criteria. From the 13 journals, information was collected in the form of publication years from 2015 to 2021, journal titles, research designs, research populations, interventions, results, and most importantly, the nutrition issue in children under five. Data processing was done by collecting sentences that were relevant to the coding, reading and marking essential sentences, and compiling a framework for reviewing narratives. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively by presenting data and compiling research reports. The results reveal that variables such as prelacteal feeding history, mother's education, infectious diseases suffered, and antenatal care visits were the most critical factors affecting the nutritional status of children under five. Conclusion: The main factors causing the nutritional status of children under five are that the children have a history of prelacteal feeding, low maternal education, children under five often experience infectious diseases, and low antenatal care visits.

Towards reconciling population nutrition goals and investment policy in Thailand: understanding how investment policy actors defined, framed and prioritised nutrition

BackgroundGovernment’s investment policy is an important driver of food system activities, which in turn influence consumers practices, dietary consumption patterns and nutrition-related health of populations. While governments globally have committed to developing coherent public policies to advance population nutrition, the objectives of investment policies are seen as being divorced from nutrition and health goals. This study aimed to examine investment policy in Thailand and explore how key actors variously define and frame their objectives in food investment policy, how nutrition issues are represented by the actors, and what discursive effects of the nutrition results were represented within the field of investment in Thailand.MethodsThis study conducted semi-structured interviews with 16 actors (from 23 recruited actors) from government, civil society, academia and industry. A coding framework was developed based on Bacchi’s analytical framework encapsulated in the question “What’s the problem represented to be?” which examines the problem and assumptions underlying a policy. Data coding was first undertaken by a lead researcher and then double-coded and cross-checked by research team. Disagreements were resolved with discussion until consensus was achieved. The interview data were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsThe principal “problem” represented in food investment policy in Thailand was the perceived irrelevance of nutrition to governmental commitments towards increasing productivity and economic growth. Technological innovation in food production and processing such as ultra-processed foods was perceived as a key driver of economic growth. The key assumption underlying this representation was the primacy of a “productivist” policy paradigm, via which the government focuses on industrially driven food and agriculture and expansion to increase productivity and economic growth. This entails that the nutrition needs of Thai people are silenced and remain unacknowledged in investment policy contexts, and also does not take cognisance of the term “nutrition” and its importance to economic growth.ConclusionThe findings show that nutrition was not perceived as a political priority for the government and other investment actors. Promoting productivity and economic growth were clearly positioned as the primary purposes of investment within the dominant discourse. Nutrition regulation, particularly of UPF, may conflict with current investment policy directions which prioritise development of modern food production and processing. The study suggests that comprehensive policy communication about nutrition and food classification is needed.