Islamic Banking Products Research Articles

A Survey of “Knowledge, Attitudes & Practices” of Islamic Banking Clients: An Evidence from FATA and PATA, Pakistan

Islamic banking & Finance and conventional banking are described as having the "same purpose but the essence and operations of Islamic banking are in accordance with Shariah law and have same "basic objectives" as other business and financial entities, i.e. "maximization of shareholder wealth". The speedy development of an Islamic banking system may improve financial insertion by providing an alternative to faith sensitive Muslims who are willingly excluded themselves from the system of conventional finance due to the nature of interest based. In Pakistan, the Islamic banking system eroding the growth of conventional banking so it’s worthy to explore the effect of religious belief the occurrence of a financial exclusion. The target population is from FATA and PATA maintain accounts at Islamic banks and conventional banks and a sample size of one hundred and fifty customers were picked up. The methodology focuses on the KAP Model (knowledge, attitude, practices), which indicates if attitude influences the association among “knowledge and practice” of an “Islamic banking”. Looking into KAP Analysis survey, through study result we find out that knowledge about Islamic banking and practices of Islamic banking are closely related. People having information about Islamic Banking and Products are more inclined towards Islamic Banking and people who don’t have much information are less interested in Islamic banking and Islamic products. KAP survey suggested that customers of conventional and Islamic banks are driven by the same motivating factors that have impact on their attitude. However, there have some likable factors that could be valued by “Islamic bank account holders only such as “variety of products & services, reliability, confidence in bank’s management, reputation and most important compliance with the Shariah rules in finance & investment.”. Low-cost services are some factors result in non-Muslims prefer Islamic Banking over the conventional banking.

Does intention influence the financial literacy of depositors of Islamic banking? A case of Malaysia

PurposeSince the establishment of Islamic banks in Malaysia since the 1980s, the banking system has undergone rampant development within the financial industry. It has resulted in a positive competitive challenge for the conventional banks and able to attract not just the Muslim customers, but also those non-Muslim customers. At the same time, understanding the customers' knowledge of Islamic banking products is an interesting issue to explore. This issue is raised because the Islamic bank products are often packaged using Arabic terms, even though it is marketed in non-Arabic countries like Malaysia. Therefore, this study aims to examine the factors that influence the intention of the Islamic banking customers as the result of relying on some information produced by Malaysian Islamic banks.Design/methodology/approachThis study is conducted using the existing underpinning theory of planned behaviour (TPB). A total of 300 questionnaires were analysed using the structural equation modelling (SEM).FindingsThe results indicated that perceived behavioural control, attitude and subjective norms of the Islamic banking depositors are positively influenced by the intention of the depositors to learn about Islamic banking.Research limitations/implicationsOne of the main issues faced in this study is the result cannot be generalised. It is not possible to know based on the collected data if the sample is representative, other than the fact that all of the respondents are Islamic bank depositors. Nevertheless, it can still be a catalyst for further research as a link to existing findings in the area. There might be a bias on the understanding of the respondents about Islamic banking. This is due to the fact that Malaysia is a multi-racial population. Malay people might have a better understanding and basic knowledge about Islamic banking than the Chinese, Indians and other races. This cultural bias could be overcome in future studies by identifying respondents who have experiences in dealing with Islamic banking.Originality/valueThis study provides interesting insights of the Malaysian banking industry in terms of the multi-racial customers' intention to learn about Islamic banking, which is scarcely discussed in the extant literature.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-01-2019-0011.

Fatwa antara Makharij Fiqhiyah dan Market Needs: Eklektisisme Pragmatis di balik Fatwa DSN MUI di Indonesia

This study seeks to explore the possibility of implementing eclectic-pragmatic reasoning in the DSN-MUI fatwa on Sharia Banking Products. By applying the Ahmed Fekry Ibrahim study model when exploring the eclectic-pragmatic tradition of Islamic law. This study finally succeeded in introducing a thesis that the DSN-MUI fatwa, especially related to Islamic banking products, is full of eclectic-pragmatic reasoning. This is also expected to be the novelty of this study. Because previous studies, such as those conducted by Ahmed Fekry Ibrahim did not specifically discuss the eclecticism of Islamic law on the fatwa products of the Indonesian Ulema Council related to Islamic banking products. This can be identified from two things, namely: First, the eclectic-pragmatic reasoning of the DSN MUI Fatwa on Islamic banking products can be traced from the selection of legal arguments that are consistent in primary arguments, but flexible in choosing secondary arguments - the views of cleric. Second, the principle of protection of corporate needs, in this case encouraging the banking industry to respond to market needs, so that fatwas are made in the framework of these interests.

ANTECEDENTS OF SOCIAL FUNDS’ PRODUCTIVITY OF ISLAMIC BANKS IN INDONESIA

Purpose: The study aims to analyse the social funds’ productivity of Islamic banks in Indonesia and the antecedents of it. The study will measure the social fund productivity followed by the investigation about the variable which can determine the Islamic bank productivity.
 Methodology: The study conducted at nine Islamic banks Indonesia. Two stages of the Malmquist productivity index were applied to annual data from 2012-2018. The variables which are tested its effect on social funds’ productivity return on asset, operational efficiency, inflation, OPEC oil price, and economic growth.
 Main Findings: social funds’ productivity of Islamic banks in Indonesia has experienced progress during the observation period. It is supported by the progress on technological change and efficiency change. The antecedents of social funds’ productivity return on asset and operational efficiency, while macroeconomics conditions have no significant effect on social funds’ productivity.
 Applications of this study: This study enriches the research on Islamic banks and gives the recommendation for policymakers to supervise better and for banks’ managers to improve the social funds’ productivity.
 Novelty/Originality of this study: This research is the preliminary study on the determinant of social funds’ productivity in Islamic banks.

Critical success factors for the receptiveness of Islamic home financing in Malaysia

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the critical success factors (CSFs) for the receptiveness of Islamic home financing in Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachA framework of the CSFs for the receptiveness of Islamic home financing is developed. The framework evaluates the effects of product type, competitive value proposition, Islamic debt collection policy, Islamic bankers' knowledge and maqasid al-Shariah compliance on the receptiveness. Data from 744 usable questionnaires are analysed to confirm the applicability of the framework in Islamic home financing context.FindingsThe results suggest that product type, competitive value proposition, Islamic debt collection policy, Islamic bankers' knowledge and maqasid al-Shariah compliance are significantly related to the receptiveness of Islamic home financing.Research limitations/implicationsTwo limitations are available for future studies. Firstly, the respondents of this study are limited to Malaysians, signifying further testing of the proposed model across different geographies is required to determine the generalisability of the model. Secondly, the contributions of the proposed framework are confined to a specific area of Islamic banking products. Thus, extending the framework to other banking products or conducting a comparative study between Islamic home financing and its conventional peer can improve its generalisability.Practical implicationsThe results obtained offer a fresh direction on how to market Islamic home financing products successfully, where the new CSFs are brought into play.Originality/valueThis study examines the new proposed CSFs for the receptiveness of Islamic home financing in Malaysia.

PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN MASYARAKAT DAN MINAT PENERAPAN NILAI ISLAM TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN MENGGUNAKAN TABUNGAN PERBANKAN SYARIAH (Studi Kasus Masyarakat Kota Langsa)

Abstract
 This research is done to determine: (1) the influence of people’s knowledge on the decision tgggo use Islamic Banking product, (2) The influence of Islamic values applicatgion on the decision to use Islamic Banking product (The case study of Langsa Town’s Community). The research uses a quantitative approach. The sampling technique is done by purposive sampling. The research data is collected by distributing quantionnaires to 100 respondent. The analysis techniques used are classic assumption test, multiple regression and hypothesis analysis.
 Based on the data analysis result by using SPSS version 17 system, it concludes that on adjusted R-Square test, 38.5 %shows relationship and contribution of variables on the people’s knowledge and interest of Islamic values application in influencing the decision tu use the saving products and the remaining 61.5 % is explained by other variables of knowledge and interest in the application of Islamic values have an influence on the decision to use saving products.
 The results F (simultaneous) F count of 32.014 > 3.09 F table so that it can be concluded that Ha is accepted, meaning that there is a simultaneous influence (together) of people’s knowledge variables and interest in applying Islamic values to the decision to use savings products. T test results (partial) variable knowledge of the decision to use savings products obtained t count of 4.408 > 1.660 t table, it means that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. Thus the people’s knowledge variable has a partially significant influence on people’s decisions to use Islamic Banking savings products.

UNFAIR CONTRACT TERMS IN MALAYSIAN ISLAMIC BANKS: EMPOWERING BANK CONSUMERS BY ISLAMIC EDUCATION ETHICS

Purpose of study: The purpose of this study is to examine the importance of Islamic education ethics-based on the objectives of Shariah (maqasid al-Shariah) to bank consumers in raising their knowledge about their contractual rights and obligations since better-decision making empowers them to avoid unfair contractual terms in transactions with Islamic banks and manage their financial affairs responsibly.
 Methodology: Using qualitative analysis, this study reviews previously selected literature on Islamic education ethics and applies maqasid al-Shariahas a benchmark to determine the importance of Islamic financial literacy education. To emphasize such importance, the contents of both primary and secondary data are analyzed which include: official websites of Bank Negara Malaysia, books, academic journals, newspapers, and related industry reports.
 Result: Results shows that the Islamic educational ethics based on maqasid al-Shariah empowers bank consumers to improve their reading habits in making informed choices to assert their rights by being aware of the content and fairness of contract terms towards raising their financial literacy standard in avoiding unfair contractual terms and be equipped with Islamic financial knowledge and skill to demand for equitable contractual terms.
 Applications of this study: This study is important to Malaysian bank consumer empowerment since applying Islamic education ethics contributes to sound financial choice and better-decision making of whether or not to contract with IBIs since having no basic knowledge of contractual rights and obligations with Islamic banks, then they have little defense against one-sided and unfair contractual content.
 Novelty/Originality of this study: Because bank consumers do not read their contracts; this study promotes Islamic education ethics in empowering bank consumers to improve financial literacy in avoiding unfair contractual terms while making informed financial decisions and increase acceptability of Islamic banking products. This study contributes to the literature on Islamic ethics specifically on Islamic financial literacy educational ethics base on maqasid al-Shariah.

PRODUCTIVITY AND DETERMINANT OF ISLAMIC BANKS EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA

This study aims to determine the level of productivity of Islamic banks in Indonesia during the period 2011-2018 using indicators of Total Factor Productivity Change (TFPCH) or changes in productivity, and to identify potential determinants of TFPCH. In the first stage, the Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) is employed to analysethe TFPCH of eight Islamic banks operating between 2011 and 2018. In the second stage, panel data regression is applied to assess the potential determinants of TFPCH. The research findings show that Indonesian Islamic banks experience productivity growth, and that the Technical/Technological Change (TECHCH) component has had a significant influence on this growth, with the GDP and BI rate variables being potential determinants of TFPCH. The research contributes to the renewal of interest in studies of Islamic bank productivity performance in Indonesia, and is accompanied by analysis of the specific determinants of the potential of private banks and the macroeconomics of productivity, research on which is still limited in the related literature.

ETHICAL VALUE PROPOSITIONS OF ISLAMIC BANKING PRODUCTS: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL INQUIRY OF RELATIONSHIP MANAGERS PERSPECTIVE

This study investigates the concept of ethical value proposition. In traditional marketing theory value proposition is primarily derived from the tangible valuables goods in the economies, that is delivered through the service, which has termed goods as dominant factor of value creation. However recent studies contradicting this concept, they claim that not the goods, but service is the base and core source of value and that value is exchanged through tangible/goods. This emergent ethical value propositions provides an interesting research point to further explore the concept of ethical value propositions through relationship managers of Islamic banking perspective. A qualitative phenomenological research design and thematic analysis method has been used in this study to make sense of the experiences of 6 relationship managers about the concept. The data is collected based on purposive sampling technique which is analyzed using QSR NVIVO 12 plus software. Based on the findings of this study a novel framework of value creation cycle is developed that shows that the concept of ethical value propositions that Islamic banks offers are service based and the associated value delivery process. The competencies of bankers and customers are bases of the offered ethical value propositions. This article provides a deeper understanding of ethical value propositions of Islamic banking products using phenomenological inquiry, which has not been explored before.

MODEL PREFERENSI KONSUMEN TERHADAP PERBANKAN SYARIAH

This study aims to build a model of consumer preference in choosing Islamic banking. This study uses a comparative study between people's understanding of Islamic banking and conventional banking which is influenced by several factors. The sample in this study amounted to 200 people who had different backgrounds. Existing data were analyzed using Structural equation models (SEM). The research results show that there is a level of understanding and preference of the community towards different Islamic banking which is influenced by several factors developed in this research model. In the next research, it is expected to conduct an assessment of the decision to choose Islamic and conventional banking products that concentrate more on specific products in Islamic banking. In addition, further research is expected to take into account environmental factors and government policies as well as other factors that have not been studied in this study so that it is expected to enrich the knowledge in the field of management, especially consumer preferences and decision making using Islamic banking products

Financing Schemes and Lost Profit Sharing in Islamic Banking : Challenges and Opportunities

A profit and lost sharing system is an agreement between a financier (shahibul mal) and a capital manager (mudharib) to run a particular economic business with a profit sharing and risk loss scheme. At this time a lot of literature encourages PLS schemes as the main mode of Islamic banking system, but in practice it is avoided. The research aims to theoretically evaluate the causes of PLS ​​contracts in Islamic banking fail to be fully accepted and be excellent for investors in Islamic Banking.
 The results showed that the use of PLS ​​(mudharabah and musharakah) schemes in Islamic (sharia) Banking in Indonesia, Malaysia, Pakistan, Turkey and Morocco did show a low percentage of total financing. There are internal factors and external factors that hinder the development of PLS ​​schemes. Internal factors include moral hazard concern from partners, low trust in partners, weak monitoring systems, weak capabilities and collateral from partner companies. While external factors include; public literacy on Islamic banking products, government support, and supervision from regulators. Some of these factors arise because of a misunderstanding of the PLS system. Therefore, it is necessary to reprogram the perception of Shahibul mal and mudarib in the PLS scheme. This research is expected to contribute to the development and improvement of PLS ​​schemes in Islamic Banking.

The The Effect of Service Quality and Product Quality on Customer Satisfaction of Islamic Banks with Customer Awareness as an Intervening Variable in Islamic Banks West Sumatera, Indonesia

Purpose of the study: This study is to examine the effect of service quality and product quality of Islamic banks on customer satisfaction through customer awareness as a variable intervening in Islamic Banking in West Sumatera. Methodology: In this study, a model with five parameters with 20 questions was used, so the minimum number of respondents for this study sample was 100 respondents. The data used study are primary data collected using survey methods through the distribution of questionnaires directly to respondents. Data analysis used with path analysis. Main Findings: The results showed that the indirect effects of service quality and quality of Islamic bank products on customer satisfaction through awareness had a positive and significant relationship. They also revealed that consumers are aware of Islamic banking products and services. The reason they chose Islamic banks was because of profitability and religious principles. As a result of this finding, it can help the Islamic banking industry in its efforts to formulate promotional policies that are suitable for attracting more banking customers. Research limitations/implications: The results of this study are expected to encourage and motivate the management of Islamic banks in West Sumatra to further improve product quality and service quality to the wider community so that it will further increase public awareness and understanding of Islamic banks. Novelty/Originality of this study: Islamic banking management needs to know how to look after their customers, even though they appear to be satisfied, but the level of competition in the financial services industry is greater than before, so as a menu of banking services companies must increasingly improve their services in proportion to the needs of customers.

Application of Constructive Possession (Qabd Hukmi) In Islamic Banking Products: Shariah Analysis

Application of Constructive Possession (Qabd Hukmi) In Islamic Banking Products: Shariah Analysis

Exploring the drivers of social media marketing in Malaysian Islamic banks

PurposeThis paper aims to attempt to investigate and test the factors related to social media advertisement that could forecast the intention to subscribe to Islamic banking products in Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachThe research framework used in this study is guided by the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). The questionnaire method was used to collect data from 360 social media users and partial least square (PLS) analysis was carried out for the model’s validation.FindingsThe analytical results showed that perceived relevance, informativeness and perceived expectancy were found to have a statistical relationship with the purchase intention of Islamic banking products via a social media platform.Practical implicationsThe study offers a practical implication in which the findings prove as helpful means for Islamic financial institutions to discover paramount techniques to retain existing customers and at the same time encourage potential new customers to subscribe to their products.Originality/valueDeficiency of research focusing on social media marketing, especially the incorporation of the UTAUT model was observed in the literature. Thus, this paper offers additional literature on social media marketing and elucidates their role in Islamic banking industry, particularly from the Malaysian context. This research is considered to be among the primary attempts to examine the drivers of social media marketing and customers’ intention to subscribe to Islamic banking products in Malaysia.

Sharīʿah compliant working capital financing_ a case-study of Indian sugar industry

PurposeThis paper aims to assess how Sharīʿah guidelines improve the working capital needs of the Indian sugar industry. Previous studies reveal that the sugar industry in India is in a state of cash deprivation for decades. Finance is not available for expansion, as well as for working capital requirements. Banks have also declined to provide working capital loans to the sugar industry.Design/methodology/approachLack of working capital management and its impact upon sugar mills profitability are examined based on a sample of six Indian sugar mills and the use of panel data analysis for the period 2011-2015.FindingsThe regression results suggest the need for reducing the number of days’ account receivables and inventories to a reasonable minimum to maintain the liquidity necessary for the mills, which current mills cannot manage to achieve, and consequently, suffer liquidity problems.Practical implicationsThis paper presents a model of Sharīʿah-compliant working capital financing for cash deprived Indian sugar industry. All the three parties stand to benefit from this arrangement: the farmer will get the price of his crop promptly and at its farmland, sugar mill will secure the required quantity of raw material (sugarcane) without any immediate cash outflow, and the Islamic bank will earn a reasonable mark-up profit from this transaction.Originality/valueThe study is the first comprehensive effort to explore the possible combination of Islamic banking products subject to the fulfillment of needs of sugar mills and farmers and the application of an Islamic banking instrument in the agriculture sector of India. It also suggests the possible models for financing under a Salam and Murabahah contract.

Drivers of loyalty among non-Muslims towards Islamic banking in Malaysia

PurposeThe growth of Islamic banking seems to be tremendous and significant in the context of Malaysia. Moreover, together with Muslim loyalty towards Islamic banking, non-Muslims are also showing positive acceptance towards Islamic banking in Malaysia. Thus, this paper aims to examine the drivers of loyalty among non-Muslim in their adoption of Islamic banking products in Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachThe primary data are collected from the survey administered to non-Muslim clients in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor. The total number of respondents involved are n = 300. The analysis of data is conducted by using a partial least square analysis.FindingsThis study documented that loyalty among non-Muslim Islamic banking customers in Malaysia was mainly driven by convenience, product pricing, reliability and responsiveness, operational risk and security and value added services. Only one variable was found to be insignificant, which was accessibility.Practical implicationsThe results from this research is expected to provide important inputs on the critical factors for consideration by Islamic banks in maintaining further loyalty among their non-Muslim customers, thus enhancing the development of Islamic banking in Malaysia.Originality/valueThis paper provides further literature evidence on the factors contributes to loyalty by considering non-Muslims patronization of Islamic banking in Malaysia.

Understanding self-efficacy and performance of salespersons in Islamic banking

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the relationship between organization image, awareness effort, customer demandingness, self-efficacy and self-rated performance among salespersons of Islamic banking products in the UAE. It also explores the mediating role of awareness effort and self-efficacy, using a theoretical framework derived from social cognitive theory.Design/methodology/approachData are collected by surveying salespersons in a mixed bank (a conventional bank with an Islamic banking department) in the UAE. The researcher uses structural equation modeling to analyze the data.FindingsThe research concludes that customer demandingness positively affects awareness effort, awareness effort positively affects self-efficacy, self-efficacy positively affects performance and image positively affects salespersons’ self-efficacy and performance. Furthermore, the study highlights the mediating role of awareness effort and self-efficacy in the model.Research limitations/implicationsThe sample consists of 217 salespersons working in the same bank, covering three cities in the UAE. Hence, the rest of the country is not included.Practical implicationsThe study shows the importance of awareness efforts in achieving better performance. It also demonstrates the importance of addressing customer requirements in the banking environment. Furthermore, it illuminates the role of organization image in enforcing salespersons’ self-efficacy and performance.Social implicationsThe paper sheds a light on salespersons’ personalities and the factors that reinforce their performance and self-efficacy.Originality/valueThe research is an empirical study that addresses the relationship between performance, self-efficacy, image, awareness effort and customer demandingness in Islamic banking in the UAE.

Knowledge of Islamic banking and bank customer satisfaction in Afghanistan: an exploratory analysis

Islamic banking and finance is one of the fastest growing sectors of the Afghan economy. Through the lens of the theory of reasoned action (TRA), we focus on customers' knowledge of Islamic banking and attitudes of Islamic bank customers towards Islamic banking products as well as the factors that determine Afghans' selection of Islamic banking versus conventional banking products in Kabul. We examine the products used by bank customers and their motivations for using Islamic products as an alternative to available conventional products. Islamic and conventional products were found to be both highly utilised by customers. Islamic product selection is influenced by religious beliefs and a greater perceived efficiency of Islamic banking services. These results are consistent with the TRA explanation of rational choice as applied to banking products operationalised through the obtainment of knowledge related to Islamic banking.

Customer Purchase Intentions toward Islamic Banking Products in Pakistan: A Study of Religiosity-Based Marketing

This study evaluates the contribution of religiosity-based marketing to persuade customers to purchase Islamic banking products through credibility, word of mouth and building customer relationships. An adapted survey questionnaire was used to collect the data from 440 respondents through convenience sampling from Gujranwala Division, Pakistan. Structural relations were assessed by employing the PLS-SEM (partial least squares structural equation modeling) technique, and the results revealed the existence of a positive and significant relationship between religiosity-based marketing and the purchase intentions of customers. However, credibility does not contribute to purchase intentions, possibly because the credibility of commercial banks is yet to be established in Pakistan. Religiosity-based marketing has been tested for the first time to evaluate its effectiveness in influencing the purchase behavior of Pakistani customers of Islamic banking products. Furthermore, the attempt to validate the conceptual model by using responses from a Muslim country shows its potential to be replicated in other Muslim countries.

Exploring the Knowledge of Islamic Banking Among Libyan Bankers

Although it has been five years since the beginning of the conversion to the Islamic banking system (IBS) in Libya., the level of knowledge of Islamic banking (IB) products and services among bankers is yet to be investigated. The study uses a quantitative research design to address the issue. A total of 207 complete and valid questionnaires were collected from bankers in several Libyan commercial banks. Statistical Package for Social Sciences SPSS version 23.0 was employed to analyze the data. Findings showed that bankers have a basic to moderate level of knowledge of IB services and products. They were unaware of some important Islamic services and products such as Musharakah, Murabahah to the purchase ordered (MPO), current Islamic account and investment banking account. The findings also concluded that the bankers were only knowledgeable about concepts of Islamic principles such as the permissibility of selling and prohibition of riba. However, they were unaware of how riba is applied in the banking system. This study urges relevant Libyan stakeholders such as government and top bank management to develop intensive Islamic banking training programs. In order to increase the level of knowledge and awareness of bankers towards IB. This would help to facilitate the conversion to (IBS) in the country.